CN104928194A - Aspergillus niger strain and application thereof - Google Patents
Aspergillus niger strain and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104928194A CN104928194A CN201510360667.7A CN201510360667A CN104928194A CN 104928194 A CN104928194 A CN 104928194A CN 201510360667 A CN201510360667 A CN 201510360667A CN 104928194 A CN104928194 A CN 104928194A
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- C12R2001/685—Aspergillus niger
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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Abstract
The invention relates to an Aspergillus niger strain and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of microbial bio-control. Collection number of the Aspergillus niger 210HQM strain is CGMCC No.9778. The Aspergillus niger 210HQM strain can be applied to preparing preparations for preventing and curing plant root-knot nematodes. The Aspergillus niger strain and the application have the advantages that the Aspergillus niger 210HQM strain can effectively prevent and cure plant parasitic nematodes and can be applied to preparing the preparations for preventing and curing the plant root-knot nematodes; preventing and curing effect, on the plant root-knot nematodes, of cultures is larger than 60%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to strain Aspergillus niger strain and an application thereof, belong to microorganism biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion Prevention Technique field.
Background technology
Plant nematode is the Plant diseases generally occurred in a kind of world wide, and only root knot nematode Known Species just reaches kind more than 70, and cause harm 3000 various plants, causes huge loss every year.The cash crop such as China plant nematode main harm tobacco, flowers, vegetables, cotton, soybean, peanut, pseudo-ginseng, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, the loss caused is very surprising.According to the incomplete statistics of national Pest Management of Tobacco information center, the whole nation in 2000 only root knot nematode in tobacco onset area has reached 500,000 hectares, direct economic loss more than 500,000,000 yuan.Only Yunnan Province's onset area just reaches 2.7 ten thousand hectares, and direct economic loss about 100,000,000 yuan, indirect loss is even more serious.Heilongjiang Province's loss that only soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines causes every year reaches 800,000,000 yuan more than.Pine wood nematode is called as smokeless hill fire, and in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Shanghai, Taiwan, the Electric Field At Ground In Partial Region such as Hong Kong seriously occur, the trend stretched in the oriented whole nation.In Shandong, Guangdong, the vegetables main producing region such as Hainan and Yunnan, root knot nematode is in rising trend.Guizhou Province's Radix Panacis Quinquefolii have to stop production because seriously there is root knot nematode.More seriously due to root knot nematode infect after cause crop wound, cause crop root disease seriously to occur.According to incompletely statistics, nematodiasiss makes China's various crop annual production loss reach 10-15%, and the loss that the whole world is caused because of nematode every year reaches 1,000 hundred million dollars (Weischer, 1994).
The control of current nematode mainly relies on chemical nematicides, but chemical nematicides mostly is the huge malicious agricultural chemicals of natural disposition of going out, and not only develops immunity to drugs, more causes environmental pollution, be detrimental to health.In succession have much disabled or be about to forbidding.U.S.'s monobromethane in 2000, methylene bromide stopped using respectively in 2005.Although a large amount of iron used goes out and gram has good preventive effect to nematode in current production, toxicity is high, spoiled soil micro-flora.Chemical nematicides, at control eelworm harm, while ensureing agriculture production, brings serious negative impact to human health and environment.Because pesticide residue exceed standard, there are commodity and pay compensation for event in the tealeaves of China's export abroad, pseudo-ginseng, pear, hami melon, fruit juice, flowers, honey and multiple animal products, directly affects the export of farm produce repeatedly.The chemical nematicides of current domestic use is simultaneously mainly external imported product, and price is too expensive.Therefore, develop nematode biological prevention and control agent and seem particularly important.
Nematode biological prevention and control agent just goes on the market as far back as eighties of last century the seventies.But through the development of decades, to today, it uses and promotes still not extensive, and a lot of countries comprising China use not yet.It is many that in shop experiment, show the bacterial strain effect in actual applications of very strong infection ability to nematode undesirable.In field test, the prevention effect of biocontrol microorganisms can by the impact of various factors.Edatope (organic content, humidity, temperature etc.) on the survival of biocontrol fungicide in soil, surely grow, diffusion etc. has important impact.In addition, chemical pesticide residual in soil, some metal ions existed in soil all can affect the survival of biocontrol fungicide in soil, surely grow and prevention effect to nematode.
Biocontrol strain is an important prerequisite of research biocontrol fungicide.The biological characteristics of different strains, differs greatly to the prevention effect of nematode.Occurring in nature, the natural enemy of nematode is a lot, mainly contains: fungi, bacterium, mite, predatism nematode etc.Wherein maximum is fungi, current most study and become the also mainly fungi of launch.Mainly be divided into according to the characteristic that it infects nematode:
1, fungus is preyed on: the predacious organs formed by vegetative hyphae specialization catches nematode;
2, parasitic fungi: by the fungus of the ovum of parasitic nematode, female worm, cyst etc.;
3, toxigenic bacterium thing: the nematicide fungus of toxin poison can be produced.
Become the mainly nematophagous fungi in product introduction market at present, comprise predation fungus and parasitic fungi.Reported both at home and abroad so far nematophagous fungi about have 400 kinds, wherein Predacious nematode fungi about has 12 genus, common are and takes turns entomophthora genus, Arthrobotrys, Monacrosporium and every spore genus etc.Endoparasitism nematode fungus about has 13 about genus, common are the mould genus of poisonous insect, snag spore belong to and by hair spore etc.Chance fungus about 200 kinds, nearly 71 of the genus determined, studying more has Arthrobotrys, every finger spore genus, Metarhizium, paecilomyces, Pu Keni subgenus and Trichoderma etc.Toxigenic bacterium thing mainly contains the mould genus of silk and pleurotus.Up to now, document has reported the Aspergillus niger strain that can suppress root knot nematode, but the Aspergillus niger strain killing root knot nematode yet there are no the report of open source literature.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming existing biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion technology bacterial strain, the Aspergillus niger strain providing a strain can kill plant root-knot nematode and application thereof.
The present invention's ordinary method carries out strains separation from occurring in nature, cultivate, obtain aspergillus niger (
aspergillus niger) 210HQM, this bacterial strain is deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center on October 27th, 2014, and preserving number is: CGMCC No.9778.Depositary institution address: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City.
The culture of bacterial strain of the present invention more than 60%, is greater than 60% to the prevention effect of plant root-knot nematode to the killing action of plant root-knot nematode.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
One, the acquisition of bacterial strain:
Bacterial strain of the present invention carries out coating distribution by the conventional usual way that microbe soil is separated, picking list bacterium colony, carries out purifying and cultivates acquisition, and the substratum of employing is that PDA cultivates, and is accredited as through fungi ITS
aspergillus niger, name as 210HQM;
Form: mycelia is flourishing, spreads rapidly, be just white, after become aureus until black heavy fleece shape, multi-branched, has multinuclear, and top capsule is spherical greatly, stigma bilayer.Flora is chocolate.Conidial head is spherical, and diameter 700 ~ 800 μm, brown-black is radial, and conidiophore is different in size.Conidium is spherical, darkly, chocolate, level and smooth or coarse.The heavy wall of conidiophore by specialization and the hyphal cell (podocyte) expanded vertically bears; Conidium head is as " chrysanthemum ".
Two, the cultivation of 210HQM bacterial strain:
First, slat chain conveyor method cultivates 210HQM bacterial strain routinely, aseptically collects the spore that dull and stereotyped upper cultivation has produced; Then, liquid cultivating method cultivates 210HQM strain liquid kind routinely.By spore inoculating to sterilizing in advance and containing in the liquid PDA substratum of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 2-3 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds; Finally, liquid fermentation process cultivates 210HQM bacterial strain routinely.By in the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 4-7 days, when nematodes reaches maximum insecticidal effect, be the effective culture of 210HQM, stop fermentation.
Three, 210HQM measures the prevention effect of plant root-knot nematode:
Take out containing a large amount of egg capsule Tomato Root System, rinse gently with water, carefully take off egg capsule, be placed in 0.5% clorox 3 min that sterilize, use aseptic water washing again 3 times, have in egg capsule is placed in the culture dish of a small amount of sterilized water, cultivate in 25 DEG C of thermostat containers, the second instar larvae collecting once new hatching after 24h is for subsequent use.
Added by effective culture in the culture plate in 32 holes, every hole adds the effective culture of 100 μ l, respectively to the root knot nematode second instar larvae respectively adding new hatching in process and contrast, and 50, every hole.Put into 25 DEG C of incubators, 10min, 60min " Invest, Then Investigate " rate of knockdown, records nemic death rate after 12h, calculation correction mortality ratio.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: aspergillus niger (
aspergillus niger) 210HQM bacterial strain effectively can prevent and treat plant nematode, bacterial strain can be applied in preparation control plant root-knot nematode preparation; The prevention effect of culture to plant root-knot nematode of bacterial strain is greater than 60%.
Embodiment
The summary of the invention method of embodiment is with the description of summary of the invention part.Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Example one:
1., with PDA slat chain conveyor 210HQM bacterial strain, when growing black spore on flat board, take out for subsequent use;
2. aseptically collect the black spore on flat board, by the access of black spore containing in the PDA liquid culture of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate;
3. cultivate 2 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds;
4., by the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 4 days;
5., after nematode routine raw survey 60min, nematode lethality rate reaches 60%, stops fermentation, is the effective culture of 210HQM.
Example two:
1., with PDA slat chain conveyor 210HQM bacterial strain, when growing black spore on flat board, take out for subsequent use;
2. aseptically collect the black spore on flat board, by the access of black spore containing in the PDA liquid culture of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate;
3. cultivate 3 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds;
4., by the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 5 days;
5., after nematode routine raw survey 60min, nematode lethality rate reaches 75%, stops fermentation, is the effective culture of 210HQM.
Example three:
1., with PDA slat chain conveyor 210HQM bacterial strain, when growing black spore on flat board, take out for subsequent use;
2. aseptically collect the black spore on flat board, by the access of black spore containing in the PDA liquid culture of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate;
3. cultivate 3 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds;
4., by the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 7 days;
5., after nematode routine raw survey 60min, nematode lethality rate reaches 97%, stops fermentation, is the effective culture of 210HQM.
Example four:
1., with PDA slat chain conveyor 210HQM bacterial strain, when growing black spore on flat board, take out for subsequent use;
2. aseptically collect the black spore on flat board, by the access of black spore containing in the PDA liquid culture of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate;
3. cultivate 3 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds;
4., by the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 7 days;
5., after nematode routine raw survey 60min, nematode lethality rate reaches 100%, stops fermentation, is the effective culture of 210HQM.
Example five:
1., with PDA slat chain conveyor 210HQM bacterial strain, when growing black spore on flat board, take out for subsequent use;
2. aseptically collect the black spore on flat board, by the access of black spore containing in the PDA liquid culture of granulated glass sphere, 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate;
3. cultivate 2 days, depending on for subsequent use till covering with tiny mycelium pellet in substratum, this is liquid seeds;
4., by the liquid PDA substratum of the aseptic access of liquid seeds sterilizing in advance grown, access amount calculates by 10% of new substratum liquid amount, and 28 DEG C of 145rpm/min cultivate 7 days;
5., after nematode routine raw survey 60min, nematode lethality rate reaches 95%, stops fermentation, is the effective culture of 210HQM.
Example six: field test results
Effective for 210HQM culture is carried out field test at Luliang County, Yunnan Province booth tomato and Yuxi tobacco planting respectively, and result is as follows:
The effective culture field of 210HQM uses the prevention effect to root knot nematode
Result shows: diseased plant rate/%, the root knot percentage/% of 210HQM effective culture effect ensuing crop are lower than blank, asafoetide rhzomorph and Furadan, and average preventive effect is higher than asafoetide rhzomorph and chemical Furadan.With the present invention field control crop root knot nematode, there is good prevention effect.
Claims (2)
1. a strain aspergillus niger (
aspergillus niger) 210HQM bacterial strain, preserving number: CGMCC No.9778.
2. aspergillus niger described in right 1 (
aspergillus niger) application of 210HQM bacterial strain in preparation control plant root-knot nematode preparation.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107118978A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-09-01 | 云南大学 | One plants endogenetic fungus |
| CN108004156A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-05-08 | 云南大学 | One plant of aquatic fungi |
| CN108441426A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-08-24 | 云南大学 | One plant of endophytic bacterial controlled effect that can prevent Plant nematode |
| CN108477162A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-04 | 云南大学 | A kind of microbial metabolic products that can prevent nematode and its application |
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2015
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107118978A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-09-01 | 云南大学 | One plants endogenetic fungus |
| CN108004156A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-05-08 | 云南大学 | One plant of aquatic fungi |
| CN108441426A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-08-24 | 云南大学 | One plant of endophytic bacterial controlled effect that can prevent Plant nematode |
| CN108477162A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-04 | 云南大学 | A kind of microbial metabolic products that can prevent nematode and its application |
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