CN104905781A - Encephalic physiological parameter collecting device and application - Google Patents
Encephalic physiological parameter collecting device and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104905781A CN104905781A CN201510075705.4A CN201510075705A CN104905781A CN 104905781 A CN104905781 A CN 104905781A CN 201510075705 A CN201510075705 A CN 201510075705A CN 104905781 A CN104905781 A CN 104905781A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure ; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
- A61B5/031—Intracranial pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14553—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted for cerebral tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14556—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases by fluorescence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/1459—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an encephalic physiological parameter collecting device and an application. The collecting device comprises a base body with the insertion end as the front end, and the base body extends in the length direction. Detection windows of sensing units used for detecting physiological parameters are arranged at intervals on the outer lateral side in the length direction from the front end backwards. The sensing units for detecting the chemical substance parameters are connected to an excitation light source through light transmission structures. The detection windows are covered with fluorescence structures corresponding to the excitation light source respectively and connected to a signal processing unit through independent signal transmitting structures. By means of the encephalic physiological parameter collecting device and the application, the multiple encephalic physiological parameters can be collected at the same time, more timely, more accurate and more abundant reference data can be provided, and more reliable bases and more reliable supports can be provided for clinic treating and curing work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the harvester of medical physiological data and the application to this harvester, is intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device and application concretely.
Background technology
Heavy craniocerebral injury is one of common emergency case of neurosurgery, has higher lethal disability rate.After craniocerebral injury, the contusion of cerebral tissue, stress or hemorrhagely cause the narrow or microcirculatory injury of vasospasm, thromboembolism, compressing, cause cerebral tissue tissue metabolism, diacrisis (as hypoxic-ischemic, cerebrospinal fluid diacrisis etc.), hydrocrania circulation is obstructed or such as the accumulation such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid of various harmful components causes cerebral tissue edema or hydrocrania to increase, cause increased intracranial pressure, the continuing of intracranial pressure increases and causes brain tissue metabolism, diacrisis further, forms vicious cycle.Intracranial pressure continues to increase, and cerebral tissue pressurized can be caused to be shifted and cerebral hernia occurs; If increased intracranial pressure can cause serious brain function to lose more than 3.33kPa (25mmHg), even cause brain death.Mild hypothermia therapy is taked to demonstrate clear superiority to levels of thyroid hormone in craniocerebral trauma patients, clinical this therapeutic scheme day by day to be paid attention to, existing a lot of Chinese scholars has delivered the document adopting mild hypothermia treatment of acute severe brain inyury, and all needs in therapeutic process to control intracranial temperature accurately.The intracranial pressure bougie of existing product as the codman intracranial pressure bougie of Johnson Co. and French Sophysa company all adopts piezoelectricity induction chip to gather intracranial pressure and temperature data; The camino intracranial pressure bougie of integra company of the U.S. adopts optical fiber principle of interference to gather intracranial pressure and temperature data.The domestic Noninvasive intracranial pressure monitor having employing Evoked ptential (as flash visual evoked potential) technology, these products due to accuracy rate low, complicated operation, as patient's optic nerve injury or head are tied with gauze, cannot monitor patient.There is wound monitoring intracranial pressure to be all considered as by domestic and international medical personnel " goldstandard " of monitoring intracranial pressure always.
Owing to being limited by understanding and the technical conditions restriction of brain injury, these products of early stage research and development, all do not include the brainmetabolite matter such as brain partial pressure of oxygen, brain partial pressure of carbon dioxide, brain pH in monitoring range.
Existing a large amount of medical research document shows: at heavy head-brain injury hindbrain oxygen partial pressure value <10mmHg, can think the threshold value of cerebral anoxia; Hinder brain oxygen partial pressure value <5mmHg in latter 24 hours and indicate patient's prognosis mala; Brain tissue oxygen pressure measures and medical personnel can be instructed whether to select Hyperventilation.Although intracranial pressure is in normal range sometimes, cerebral ischemia still exists, and this cerebral ischemia directly can affect the prognosis of patient, as diffuse brain injuries (comprising diffuse axonal injury, diffuse cerebral swelling, diffusivity blood capillary spasm and anoxic brain damage); In U.S. Traumatic coma data base (TCDB), diffuse brain injuries accounts for 55%, and wherein patient's askiatic of 12.6% changes, and intracranial pressure is within normal range.So compare intracranial pressure value, brain oxygen partial pressure value can embody the blood supply of cerebral tissue more sensitively for oxygen condition, can find cerebral hypoxia ischemia situation as early as possible, to take measures in time to improve Brain tissue oxygen pressure, neurocyte oxygen metabolism is improved, prevents the appearance of high cranium pressure.TBI (brain trauma) up-to-date at present gives treatment to the monitoring that guide just contains Brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2).Therefore both can instruct timely and effectively for levels of thyroid hormone in craniocerebral trauma patients brain partial pressure of oxygen associating monitoring intracranial pressure and correct cerebral hypoxia ischemia situation, correctly can instruct again the application of dehydrant, there is good effect and important value in the treatment of levels of thyroid hormone in craniocerebral trauma patients.And the data such as partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH can reflect the metabolic condition of Heavy craniocerebral injury tissues following MCAO in rats widely, diagnosis and treatment foundation more fully can be provided for medical personnel.
Present only Brain tissue oxygen pressure monitor is the LICOX product of integra company, what adopt is clark dissolved oxygen electrode technology, need during use apply electric current and consume surrounding tissue oxygen, and oxygen-permeable film and electrode are easily aging, easily by the interference of other gas, solvents etc., need calibration after long storage time, so do not obtain the extensive accreditation of neurosurgeon, exit Chinese market gradually.Other is by the method for near infrared light in cranium brain external monitor blood oxygen saturation, be limited by individual skull thickness different, accuracy rate is lower, and what obtain is oxygenate data, be indirectly tissue oxygen content data, be therefore mainly used in now the very thin neonatal care of skull.
In recent years, Optochemical sensor is because of its high sensitivity, and the features such as high selectivity receive publicity gradually.This kind of sensor is based on meeting emitting fluorescence (or phosphorescence) under suitable optical excitation of some organic dyestuff, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or metal organic complex, there is physics or chemical action in oxygen, carbon dioxide equimolecular or hydrion etc., makes fluorescence (or phosphorescence) strength reduction, strengthen or fluorescence lifetime is changed between chemicals mass-energy and fluorescent material molecule.Degree according to fluorescence intensity change or fluorescence lifetime change can determine the concentration of the intracranial chemical substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide equimolecular or hydrion.Fluorescence chemical sensor does not consume measured matter, and selectivity is high, is quick on the draw, and can long-time continuous use after primary calibration.Therefore the product of this kind of technology substitutes clark dissolved oxygen electrode gradually, is subject to the accreditation of environment, industrial circle.The conventional fluorescence chemical sensor used is removed by the coating film of optical fiber one end, sensitive fluorescent membrane is coated on bare glass fiber tip and forms sensitizing range, if such sensor is incorporated on other sensor bougies, most advanced and sophisticated sensitizing range major part will be blocked, the sensitizing range contacted with monitoring of environmental is too little, and efficiency is low.Simultaneously such sensor point electrode when inserting tissue is fragile.
Temperature has significant impact for fluorescent material fluorescence intensity.As occurred in fluorescent quenching process: 1. dynamic quenching (interaction between quencher and the excited state molecule of fluorescent material), 2. static quenching (interaction between quencher and the ground state molecule of fluorescent material).For dynamic quenching, obtain Stern-Volmer equation by the derivation of equation: F
0/ F=1+K
sv[Q]=1+K
qt
0[Q], wherein K
svfor dynamic quenching constant, Kq is Dynamic Fluorescence quencher speed constant, T
0for the average life without fluorescence molecule during quencher; For static quenching, derivation formula: F
0/ F=1+K
s[Q], wherein K
sfor static quenching constant, F
0for without fluorescence intensity during quencher, F is fluorescence intensity when having quencher.Dynamic quenching depends on diffusion, and therefore the rising with temperature increases by the quenching constant of fluorescent material, and temperature raises fluorescence intensity and reduces; And for static quenching, temperature raises and then causes ground state complex stability to decline, therefore the rising with temperature reduces by static quenching constant, and temperature raises fluorescence intensity and strengthens.Have literature research to show Dynamic Fluorescence quencher, temperature raises 1 DEG C, and fluorescence intensity does not decline 1 ~ 10% not etc.When therefore adopting fluorescent fiber technique to detect the concentration of the chemical substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide equimolecular or hydrion, need to revise the functional relationship between the change of fluorescence under different temperatures and tested substance concentration, the concentration calculated like this is only data really and accurately.
A kind of device drainage tube and intracranial pressure, temperature combined of the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN102205162B, this device can meet the increased intracranial pressure situation that monitor cerebral hydrops too much causes, and has the hydrocephalic purposes of drain simultaneously.But in the middle of reality uses, increasing of intracranial pressure might not be all that hydrocephalus too much causes, also has a lot of reasons: the various inflammation of the occupying lesion of cerebral tissue, cerebral hemorrhage, intracranial, cerebral hypoxia ischemia or the poisoning cerebral tissue edema etc. caused do not need drainage of cerebrospinal fluid, particularly after the arrival to a certain degree of cerebral tissue edema, the ventricles of the brain disappear completely, can not use the monitoring bougie of band drainage tube especially.Pressure sensitive chip is arranged in drainage tube by this invention, if conduction hole blocking, gained intracranial pressure data are inaccurate will mislead medical personnel.The sensor of reaction temperature change is positioned at probe inside, and directly do not contact with cerebral tissue, measured variations in temperature will be later than actual intracranial variations in temperature.A kind of micro intracranial multi-parameter sensor based on Fibre Optical Sensor that CN102499665B introduces, its principle detects intracranial pressure and temperature based on optical fiber principle of interference.The pressure-strain barrier film in Fabry Perot chamber is directly placed in probe foremost by this patent, directly contacts and without any protector with cerebral tissue.Thickness due to pressure-strain barrier film determines the sensitivity of this sensor, more thin sensitiveer, but this unshielded probe is when puncturing cerebral tissue, and pressure-strain barrier film exists the stressed excessive and danger of fragmentation.All adopt Fabry Perot chamber technology for detection intracranial pressure and temperature in the patent of publication number CN103417197A and CN103829936A, and some improvement have been done to pressure-strain barrier film and intracellular signaling optical fiber.These patents are only monitored intracranial pressure and temperature, do not include the brain metabolite datas such as partial pressure of oxygen in monitoring range, have obvious limitation.
Describe the technical scheme of directly smearing oxygen content in oxygen sensitive materials monitoring of environmental in fiber tip in the United States Patent (USP) of this external US4752115A, but this form optical fiber center point unprotect is easily damaged.Describe in publication number CN202005754U and US5127405A document and fluorescent fiber technique is applied to chemical substance in monitoring of blood: oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrion etc.; in these patents, multiple sensitive fluorescent material is placed in the end of an optical fiber; the protected film of fluorescent material covers, and protecting film energy selectivity is through oxygen and/or carbon dioxide.Such Problems existing is: 1. exciting light needs excite two kinds of fluorescent materials simultaneously, wave-length coverage may be wider, the possibility of interference is mutually there is between the fluorescence simultaneously produced, for the intracranial metabolic condition needing precision monitor, such structure will cause the problem of the inaccurate of Monitoring Data and bougie or signal analysis device complex; 2. the tip scribbling fluorescent material is not subject to available protecting, easily damaged in piercing process.Open text US5005576A, US2009075321A1 and US20090216097 design of patent can oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide or hydrionic bougie in monitoring human; they are convenient to puncture for the tip of optical fiber fluorescence sensitivity provides a hard protective sleeve; semipermeable membrane is used to select the kind of tested substance, by the concentration of the reacting condition tested substance of fluorescence.Such design, owing to using many signal optical fibres, the tip scribbling fluorescent material is arranged side by side on same cross section, makes most advanced and sophisticated bulky, larger to patient's damage; Each most advanced and sophisticated fluorescence area part can be used simultaneously, and all very low to the utilization rate of exciting light and fluorescence, gained signal is more weak.Meanwhile, above invention all can not monitoring human internal pressure and temperature conditions, is not more calibrated fluorescence data by temperature, has obvious limitation, is not suitable for Heavy craniocerebral injury monitoring exact requirements.
US Patent No. 8694069 describes the monitoring of a kind of multiparameter fluorescence optical fiber bougie for tissue; Patent design includes the monitoring of the various metabolites of tissue in protection domain; Its sensitive fluorescent region is cavity aperture special on bougie sidewall, optical fiber one end and this cavity aperture close proximity, and fluorescent material is placed in cavity aperture, and cavity aperture port is coated with selectivity semipermeable membrane; Patent includes temperature monitoring in protection domain.This patent weak point: 1. place fluorescent material in cavity, exciting light needs to enter cavity from optical fiber, and fluorescence then needs to turn back to optical fiber from cavity; Because cavity and optical fiber are two kinds of different media, the refractive index of light in different material is different, and when fluorescence is from cavity to spread fiber, the major part of fluorescence is reflected back toward cavity.The fluorescence of generation can not be fed back to optical fiber by such design to greatest extent, makes inverse signal weak, and signal noise and signal should not be distinguished.2. test substance needs just can enter cavity through the selectivity of cavity side through film, inside and outside cavity, the concentration of test substance can not be completely the same, testing concentration change in cavity can be later than the concentration change outside cavity, causes the inaccurate of Monitoring Data and postpones.3. this patent does not provide the clear and definite method for designing of pressure transducer, and existing technology can't obtain highly sensitive luminescence pressure sensor.4. because each fluorescent optical sensor needs calibration, for the convenience of plug and play can be realized, zero data during calibration, temperature parameter and computing function should as of fluorescent optical sensor ingredients, therefore bougie must have the function of preserving zero data and temperature parameter, otherwise its each use all needs calibration.
Therefore, existing various device all can not meet the detection requirement to levels of thyroid hormone in craniocerebral trauma patients intracranial situation, comprises Wicresoft, safety, multiparameter, highly sensitive etc.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device and application, the multiple physiological parameter of intracranial can be gathered simultaneously, not only can available protecting intracranial tissue and harvester, and make detected parameters can have higher accuracy by automatic calibration.
Intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device of the present invention, have and be front end and the matrix extended at length direction with insertion end, the detection window of the sensing unit for detecting physiological parameter is interval with at the lateral surface by front end length direction backward, described physiological parameter comprises physical parameter and chemical substance parameter, and the sensing unit wherein detecting physical parameter at least comprises the one in pressure sensitive unit and temperature sensing unit, the sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter at least comprises partial pressure of oxygen sensing unit, one in partial pressure of carbon dioxide sensing unit and pH value sensing unit, and each sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter is connected to excitation source by light conducting structure, its detection window is covered with the fluorescence structure corresponding with described excitation source, fluorescence structure can be excited optical excitation produce fluorescence, work as oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide molecule, after the brain tissue metabolism materials such as hydrion contact with the fluorescent material in described fluorescence structure, the change of fluorescence intensity or fluorescence lifetime can be caused, through processing after exciting the fluorescent reflection light echo conducting structure of generation, oxygen molecule can be gone out according to the change calculations in fluorescence intensity or life-span, carbon dioxide molecule, the concentration of the chemical substances such as hydrion.The signal transmission structure of the sensing unit of each smooth conducting structure and each physical parameter is all connected respectively to signal processing unit and/or display unit with separate structure.Harvester of the present invention can detect physical parameter and the chemical substance parameter of multiple necessity simultaneously by a wound, reduce the brain tissue impairment to patient.And be the side detection window of each sensing unit being arranged on insertion end, doing so avoids tradition and sensor is located at the problem that insertion end front end face is easy to damage.Meanwhile, can also be corrected accordingly other physiological parameter further by the feedback of temperature parameter, improve the accuracy of each data.The sensing unit of each detection physical parameter and chemical substance parameter is connected with processing unit by independently structure respectively, thus can make can not mutually disturb between various different parameter.Wherein, described processing unit and display unit, and memory module etc. for what be separated from each other, also can be able to be combined as a whole.
Fluorescence structure described above, generally can adopt the form of the sensitive fluorescent membrane be made up of macromolecular material and organic dyestuff, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or metal organic complex etc., the sensitive fluorescent form membrane that the such as metal organic complex such as ruthenium or rhodium and macromolecular material form.
Preferably, between the detection window of sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter and described smooth conducting structure, be provided with the reflecting surface that exciting light can be made angle of incidence≤45 of described fluorescence structure °.Existing various physiological data collection device is often inaccurate for the collection of fluorescence data, no matter one of reason is conventional straightline propagation if being exciting light, or the total reflection in optical fiber is propagated, all only there is a small amount of excitation to fluorescence structure, major part exciting light is all reflected or refraction loss is fallen, even also have the direction of propagation of exciting light to be parallel with fluorescence structure, effectively excite light quantity very limited like this to fluorescence structure.And the reflecting surface arranged in the present invention can carry out corresponding angle setting according to the character of light conducting structure, exciting light is farthest irradiated on fluorescence structure, make the exciting light by reflecting minimum, the fluorescence volume be excited is maximum, exciting light is utilized to greatest extent, thus has been increased substantially the accuracy detecting data.
Further, described pressure sensitive unit comprises piezo-electric type sensing element, such as piezo chips etc., and its signal exports through the signal transmission structure of metal.Experiment is learnt, the pressure value utilizing existing piezoelectric pressure sensing mode to detect than the detection mode that currently reported conventional optical fiber is interfered is more reliable and more stable, and sensitivity is also higher.Detect in the sensing unit of chemical substance parameter and can comprise conventional fluorescence optical fiber sensing element, for responding to the fluorescence inspired.
Further, described temperature sensing unit comprises the temperature element of thermoelectricity occasionally thermal resistance type, and its signal exports through the signal transmission structure of metal.Occasionally thermal resistance temperature sensor is not only widely used thermoelectricity, structure is simple, cost is low, and the one-level thermocouple wire precision of thermocouple E Graduation Number can reach ± 0.5 DEG C, high-precision thermal resistance precision can reach ± and 0.15 DEG C, meet human body temperature completely and detect needs, and have enough sensitivity and accuracy.
Described each smooth conducting structure is optical fiber structure, and all arranges with the axis being parallel of described matrix with each signal transmission structure, coordinates with corresponding pipe to facilitate.
Preferably, the insertion end face of described insertion end is round and smooth cambered surface, and such insertion end, when inserting puncture, not only can be protected intracranial tissue, but also reduce the resistance of puncture.
Further, the outer surface of at least non-detection window oral area of described insertion end is coated with the Rotating fields with biocompatible macromolecule or metal, can be such as 304 or 316 rustless steels, and titanium alloy, politef, polyamide, silicone rubber or Merlon etc., each intracellular signaling structure also can be provided with described Rotating fields outward simultaneously.Macromolecule interstitital texture is also filled with in insertion end.Can avoid like this occurring allergy, rejection in patient body, infecting equivalent risk.
In order to avoid the wound surface of acquisition target is excessive, preferably the diameter of described insertion end is set to≤80mm, the diameter≤5mm of transmission structure.
Optional a kind of mode is, in described each physiological parameter sensing unit, detect before the sensing unit of physical parameter is positioned at the sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter, make the sensor of detection intracranial pressure, temperature can be positioned at brain essence or the ventricles of the brain to facilitate in actual use, and generally can working method only in brain parenchyma section for the sensor detecting oxygen/chemical substance such as partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pH value.Preferred mode is that the detection window of described each physiological parameter sensing unit is respectively in the same exterior side surface portion bit interval arrangement in described length thereof direction, so both can be used alone harvester of the present invention, also this harvester can be installed on easily as other implantation instruments such as common conduits together use.
Present invention also offers the application of above-mentioned harvester in intracranial physiological parameter acquisition.
Because the quenching constant of the fluorescent material in institute's fluorescence excitation can change with the difference of temperature, therefore in order to improve the accuracy of detection further, state in the working control circuit structure of intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device on the invention, feedback circuit can be increased further in temperature detection output circuit, calculate according to the temperature data detected by harvester and fluorescence signal and comprise intracranial oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide molecule and/or hydrion are in the concentration of interior intracranial metabolite, and at least comprise chemical substance parameter signal drift error at different temperatures by the real time temperature data correction detected.The principle of these feedback compensations or correction and corresponding circuit structure have been the routine and mature technology that easily realize at present all.
Intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device of the present invention and application, the multiple physiological parameter of intracranial can be gathered simultaneously, especially the diagnosis and treatment of levels of thyroid hormone in craniocerebral trauma patients can provide more timely, accurate, abundant reference data and feedback treating effect, can instruct timely and effectively and correct patient's cerebral hypoxia ischemia situation, can correctly instruct again the application of dehydrant to reduce intracranial pressure.The each physiological parameter collected has very high accuracy, and can available protecting intracranial tissue and harvester and each sensing unit in gatherer process.
Below in conjunction with the detailed description of the invention of embodiment, foregoing of the present invention is described in further detail again.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following example.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, the various replacement made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means or change, all should comprise within the scope of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the chemical sensor internal excitation luminous reflectance schematic diagram in Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 3 is the way circuit schematic block diagram of type intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of pressure sensitive unit in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of temperature sensing unit in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is photoelectric switching circuit in Fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is the power circuit in Fig. 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, have and be front end and the matrix extended at length direction with insertion end, the front end face of insertion end is round and smooth cambered surface 2, to protect intracranial tissue when piercing through.The outer surface of insertion end is coated with and biocompatible macromolecule layer structure 3, as politef, polyamide, silicone rubber or Merlon etc., avoids occurring allergy, rejection in patient body, infecting equivalent risk.The detection window of the sensing unit for detecting physiological parameter is interval with at the lateral surface by front end length direction backward, described physiological parameter comprises physical parameter and chemical substance parameter, the sensing unit wherein detecting physical parameter comprises the pressure sensitive unit 1 with piezo-electric type sensing element and the temperature sensing unit 12 with Thermistor Temperature Measurement element, wherein Thermistor Temperature Measurement element preferred high accuracy thermal resistance, required precision < ± 0.5 degree Celsius.Piezoelectric sensor is preferably piezo chips (also can adopt optical fiber interference element); length × wide <1mm × the 1mm of piezo chips; during use, intracranial pressure acts on the resistive film on piezo chips surface; cause the change of resistance; intracranial real-time pressure data is obtained by the situation of change detecting the signal of telecommunication; also be coated with the biocompatible protecting film of one deck above the resistive film on piezo chips surface, reduce appearance allergy in patient body, rejection, infect equivalent risk.
The sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter comprises partial pressure of oxygen sensing unit 4, partial pressure of carbon dioxide sensing unit 13 and/or pH value sensing unit (not shown), and each sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter is all connected to excitation source by the light conducting structure 8 of optical fiber structure, and is all covered with the fluorescence structure 10 corresponding with described excitation source on each detection window.Described fluorescence structure 10 can be the sensitive fluorescent membrane be made up of macromolecular material and organic dyestuff, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or metal organic complex etc., wherein the preferred sensitive fluorescent membrane that forms of the metal organic complex such as ruthenium or rhodium and macromolecular material.Fluorescence structure 10 can be excited optical excitation produce fluorescence, after the brain tissue metabolism materials such as oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide molecule, hydrion contact with the fluorescent material in described fluorescence, the variation phenomenon of fluorescence intensity or fluorescence lifetime can be caused, to excite after the fluorescent reflection light echo conducting structure 8 of generation through process, the concentration of the chemical substances such as oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide molecule, hydrion can be gone out according to the change calculations of fluorescence.
Before the detection window of sensing unit detecting physical parameter is positioned at the detection window of the sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter, and on the sensing unit detection window detecting physical parameter, be coated with the polymeric membrane 11 of thickness <1mm, reduce Human Physiology unexpected to the reaction of harvester, also reduce the error that polymeric membrane 11 pairs of Monitoring Data produce as far as possible.The front end face spacing being positioned at detection window foremost and insertion end is about 0.1mm, pressure sensitive unit detection window and temperature sensing unit detection window spacing >0.1mm, the spacing >0.5mm of detection window foremost and first chemical substance parameter sensing unit detection window.The light conducting structures 8 such as the optical fiber structure of the metallic conducting wire structure signal transmission structure 7 detecting the sensing unit of each physical parameter and the sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter are connected to signal processing unit in separate mode respectively.Each signal transmission structure 7 and light conducting structure 8 all arrange with the axis being parallel of described matrix, coordinate with corresponding pipe to facilitate.The diameter of every root plain conductor or optical fiber answers < 5mm, is convenient to like this control final signal transmission structure diameter within 80mm.Each signal transmission structure 7 is connected the signal interface unit 5 of rear end with light conducting structure 8 after, by signal of telecommunication translation interface 51 and optical signal translation interface 52 through the general medical monitor of the USB interface of routine or spininess pin interface and the external world or display device (as Philip multi-parameter monitor, step auspicious multi-parameter monitor, notebook computer etc.) connect, the data gathered by insertion end are shown.Signal interface unit 5 inside is provided with memory chip and signal processing chip, and excitation source and optical-electrical converter also can be located therein.The essential information such as zero data, calibration parameter, signal conversion function of each sensing unit is recorded in described memory chip, signal processing chip can transfer the real-time temperature data after process, and it can be used as calibration parameter for calculating the instant fluorescence signal of collection.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be provided with between the detection window and described smooth conducting structure 8 of the sensing unit of detection chemical substance parameter and can make exciting light (shown in Fig. 2 arrow) angle of incidence β≤45 ° reflecting surface 9 to described fluorescence structure, reflecting surface 9 can be glass or macromolecule transparent solid structure.The angle of reflecting surface 9 does corresponding setting according to the character of light conducting structure single mode or multimode, and exciting light and fluorescence are farthest utilized, and greatly improves the accuracy of image data.
One of preparation method of fluorescence structure 10 is: adopt sol-gel method to prepare the oxygen sensing film: fluorescent material selects ruthenium complex Ru (ph
2phen)
3 2+, sol-gel process preparation can pass through the silicon thin film of oxygen molecule.Silicon alkoxide tetramethoxy-silicane or tetraethoxysilane, cross-linking agent dimethyldimethoxysil,ne are mixed with the water of pH-1 (pH regulates with hydrochloric acid), ethanol or methanol are cosolvent, and the mol ratio of alcohol and water is 4:1.Nail compound joins in precursor liquid, and mixed liquor stirs 1 hour.The concentration of nail compound is 2.5 μ g/mL.After strong agitation, colloidal sol ageing 18 hours at 70 DEG C, improves hydrolysis and polycondensation.Then under airless condition with silica gel piece or microslide for matrix plastic film mulch, silica gel piece or microslide all with deionized water, methanol and washing with acetone, and use rinsed with deionized water.Then at 70 DEG C dry 18 hours, the transparent sensing membrane that thickness is 0.01mm is obtained.By the sensing membrane dicing on demand prepared, the sensing membrane glue of well cutting is fixed on sensor.Ruthenium complex Ru (ph2phen) in sensing membrane
3 2+can be sent after 470nm excitation light irradiation 630 ?the fluorescence of 680mm.
Excitation source adopts Ou Silang LB W5SN-GYHZ-25 blue light laser diode, can produce the blue light of 470nm wavelength.The compartition formula y-type optical fiber that fiber selection Zhejiang CDMA photoelectricity company produces, model: NY200-2-VIS-M.
As shown in Figure 3, overall circuit aspect, the collection of the pressure data CMAD070P pressure sensing chip of Xin Wei section, 5 volts of voltage driven, with differential signal reaction pressure numerical value; The collection of the temperature data TH03 thermal resistance (negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC) of Jing Pin electronics corporation; The collection of optical signal data uses the TSL12T photoelectric sensor chip of TAOS company of the U.S.; Signal processing chip adopts the STM32 type single-chip microcomputer of ST Microelectronics.
As shown in Figure 4, in pressure sensitive unit 1, piezo chips CMAD070P changes pressure signal into voltage signal, through meter specially amplifier INA128, voltage signal is amplified, precision operational-amplifier OPA177 cushions with (penetrating base to follow) as penetrating, supplement last chip signal, treated differential voltage signal is transmitted to signal processing single chip STM32.
The circuit diagram of temperature sensing unit as shown in Figure 5.The collection of temperature data uses the thermal resistor NTC of negative temperature coefficient, and thermal resistor NTC is used as dividing potential drop and amplifies, and when temperature affects thermal resistor NTC change, corresponding branch pressure voltage also changes.For improving the precision of temperature detection, adopting REF29xx series voltage a reference source, making thermal resistor obtain stable voltage.The temperature signal that thermal resistor gathers, adopts low-noise accurate rail-to-rail amplifier OPA2365, makes signal amplify further and improve precision, can reach the precision of 0.01 degree Celsius.Signal after process is transmitted to signal processing single chip STM32 further.
Photoelectric switching circuit as shown in Figure 6, optical signal is converted into voltage signal after being gathered by photoelectric sensor chip TSL12T, voltage signal is amplified further by precision operational-amplifier OPA177 and plays one to be penetrated with cushioning effect, and the signal after process is transmitted to signal processing single chip STM32 further.
As shown in Figure 7, in the power circuit of system, light emitting diode D3 is power on light, diode SS510 places circuit and connects instead, overcurrent protection silk F1 and Zener diode D5 is over current protection device, step-down controller TPS5430 transfers positive voltage to negative voltage, by the negative voltage of the first voltage stabilizing chip LM7905 energy stable output, resistance R20 and R21 is to supply voltage Real-Time Monitoring, resistance R20 and R21 plays dividing potential drop effect to input power, the power supply size of voltage analysis power supply input is gathered by single-chip microcomputer STM32, by the positive voltage of the second voltage stabilizing chip LM7805 energy stable output, main control chip AMS1117 is by near 3.3 volts of 5 volts of voltages, for single-chip microcomputer provides power supply.
Main control chip adopts the STM32F103VCT6 model single-chip microcomputer of ST Microelectronics, and each transducing signal accesses the corresponding pin of single-chip microcomputer successively, as pins such as PA0, PA1, PA2.Single-chip microcomputer can calculate the zeroing value of each transducing signal, function calculates and by data such as other parameter signal drift errors of real time temperature data correction.All programs of single-chip microcomputer are downloaded by jtag port, and the signal of all process is connected by port USART with PC computer, other display device etc. and communicates.
Claims (10)
1. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device, it is characterized by: have and be front end and the matrix extended at length direction with insertion end, the detection window of the sensing unit for detecting physiological parameter is interval with at the lateral surface by front end length direction backward, described physiological parameter comprises physical parameter and chemical substance parameter, and the sensing unit wherein detecting physical parameter at least comprises the one in pressure sensitive unit (1) and temperature sensing unit (12); The sensing unit of detection chemical substance parameter at least comprises the one in partial pressure of oxygen sensing unit (4), partial pressure of carbon dioxide sensing unit (13) and pH value sensing unit, the each sensing unit at least detecting chemical substance parameter is connected to excitation source by light conducting structure (8), and on its detection window, be covered with the fluorescence structure (10) corresponding with described excitation source; Each smooth conducting structure (8) is all connected respectively to signal processing unit and/or display unit with separate structure with the signal transmission structure (7) of the sensing unit of each physical parameter.
2. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by: between the detection window of sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter and described smooth conducting structure (8), be provided with the reflecting surface (9) that exciting light can be made angle of incidence≤45 of described fluorescence structure °.
3. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by: described pressure sensitive unit (1) comprises piezo-electric type sensing element, its signal exports through the signal transmission structure (7) of metal.
4. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by: described temperature sensing unit (12) comprises the temperature element of thermoelectricity occasionally thermal resistance type, and its signal exports through the signal transmission structure (7) of metal.
5. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized by: the insertion end face of described insertion end is round and smooth cambered surface (2).
6. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by: the outer surface of at least non-detection window oral area of described insertion end is coated with the Rotating fields (3) with biocompatible macromolecule or metal, is filled with macromolecule interstitital texture in insertion end.
7. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized by: the diameter≤80mm of described insertion end, the diameter≤5mm of transmission structure.
8. intracranial physiological parameter acquisition device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by: before the sensing unit of described detection physical parameter is positioned at the sensing unit detecting chemical substance parameter, be preferably the same exterior side surface portion bit interval arrangement of detection window in described length thereof direction of described each physiological parameter sensing unit.
9. the application of harvester in intracranial physiological parameter acquisition that one of claim 1 to 8 is described.
10. apply as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized by: calculate according to the temperature data detected by harvester and fluorescence signal the concentration comprising the intracranial metabolite of intracranial oxygen molecule, carbon dioxide molecule and/or hydrion, and at least comprise chemical substance parameter signal drift error at different temperatures by the real time temperature data correction detected.
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