CN104885768B - A kind of method of Moringa cutting propagation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting propagation method of Moringa oleifera, which comprises the steps of substrate preparation, rooting agent preparation, cutting selection, cutting and treatment, post-insertion management and transplanting, etc., to complete the cutting propagation of Moringa oleifera. Adopt the method provided by the present invention, generally about 10 days cuttings begin to form callus, and grow fibrous roots successively, after 4 weeks about 80% of cuttings take root. Compared with the conventional method, when the Moringa oleifera cuttings are propagated and raised, the callus formation time at the root of the cuttings is short, the number of lateral roots of the cuttings is large, the root length is longer, and the rooting rate of the cuttings reaches more than 86%. It solves the problems of difficult rooting and root rot caused by long rooting time in the cutting process of Moringa oleifera, and effectively improves the survival rate of cuttings.

Description

A kind of method of cutting propagation of Moringa oleifera

Technical solutions

The invention relates to a cutting propagation method of Moringa oleifera, belonging to the technical field of forestry planting.

Background technique

Moringa ( Moringa oleifera Lam) is a tropical tree species with unique economic value, because its leaves and tender stems are rich in protein, vitamins, amino acids and minerals such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, etc. Popular tree vegetables. It is currently widely grown in Asia, Africa and South America.

Moringa oleifera belongs to a tree species of single family and single genus that is difficult to root, and cutting propagation is difficult, and the rooting rate of cuttings is very low by conventional treatment. At present, the conventional cutting technology of Moringa oleifera generally uses young shoots of the same year as the propagation material. Even if ABT is used as the rooting regulator to cut directly in the soil, the rooting rate of the cuttings is still very low. This is because the fleshy roots of Moringa oleifera are easy to rot. Ultimately, the survival rate of cuttings is not high.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems of difficult rooting and root rot caused by long rooting time in the cutting process of Moringa oleifera, the invention provides a method for cutting and breeding Moringa oleifera.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: a method for cutting and breeding Moringa oleifera, through the following steps:

(1) Substrate preparation: From March to May, select an area to be used as a cutting bed, first plow the soil in the area 30cm deep, and scrape the soil surface, and then mix river sand, red soil, and humus soil at a ratio of 1:0.5 The cutting substrate mixed with a volume ratio of 1:1 is spread on the soil with a thickness of 20cm, and the surface is scraped flat, and then the sand bed is disinfected with a carbendazim solution of 1:500, and the disinfection is performed once every 2 hours. A total of 3 times of disinfection;

(2) Preparation of rooting agent: dissolve 60-80 mg of indolebutyric acid in 20-30 ml of ethanol with a volume concentration of 95%, add water to make up to 1000 ml after the dissolution is complete, shake well and make rooting agent for later use;

(3) Selection of cuttings: Select healthy annual lignified Moringa branches without diseases and insect pests as cuttings, with a thickness of 2-4 cm, a cutting length of 15-25 cm, and cut the end of the plug into a wedge shape;

(4) Cuttings and treatment: The best time for cuttings is in the evening. After sterilizing the spigot with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 2-3 minutes, put it into the rooting agent in step (2) and soak it for 25-25 minutes. After 35 minutes, apply conventional water-retaining sealant to the notch at the socket end; vertically poke a hole with a depth of 8-10 cm on the cutting substrate in step (1), insert the treated cuttings into the hole, and compact the socket , and then drenched with clean water once to make the moisture content of the matrix reach 80%;

(5) Post-insertion management: Build a plastic film shed with a height of 60-80 cm on the cutting bed, and then cover with a layer of sunshade net with a light transmittance of 50% to avoid direct sunlight and reduce transpiration and dehydration of the cuttings , check the environment inside the shed every 2 to 3 days. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20°C (night) to 35°C (day). The plastic film is sprayed once with 1:1000 carbendazim solution to prevent mold growth;

(6) Transplanting: After the cuttings take root, remove the plastic film and sunshade net, and continue to manage the seedlings until the seedlings reach a height of 30-35cm before they can be transplanted out of the nursery.

In the step (1), the area selected as a cutting bed is to choose a well-lit, open and flat land.

The indole butyric acid in the step (2) is commercially available and analytically pure.

The cutting plant spacing in the step (4) is 10 cm, and the row spacing is 10 cm.

The temperature control in the shed in the step (5) is to remove the film at both ends of the shed for ventilation when the temperature inside the shed is higher than 35° C. or overhumidity.

Positive effect of the present invention: adopt the method provided by the present invention, generally about 10 days cuttings begin to form callus, and grow fibrous roots successively, after 4 weeks about 80% of cuttings take root. Compared with the conventional method, when the Moringa oleifera cuttings are propagated and raised, the callus formation time at the root of the cuttings is short, the number of lateral roots of the cuttings is large, the root length is longer, and the rooting rate of the cuttings reaches more than 86%. It solves the problems of difficult rooting and root rot caused by long rooting time in the cutting process of Moringa oleifera, and effectively improves the survival rate of cuttings.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below by embodiment.

Example 1

(1) Substrate preparation: From March to May, select an area with good light and open and flat land to be used as a cutting bed. First, the soil in this area is deeply plowed by 30 cm, and the soil surface is leveled with a wooden board, and then the river The cutting substrate mixed with sand, red soil and humus soil according to the volume ratio of 1:0.5:1 is spread on the soil with a thickness of 20cm, and the surface is scraped with a wooden board, and then the carbendazim solution of 1:500 is used. Disinfect the sand bed once every 2 hours, for a total of 3 times;

(2) Preparation of rooting agent: Dissolve 70 mg of analytically pure indole butyric acid commercially available in 25 ml of ethanol with a volume concentration of 95%, add water to make up to 1000 ml after complete dissolution, shake well and make rooting agent for later use;

(3) Selection of cuttings: select healthy annual lignified Moringa branches without diseases and insect pests as cuttings, with a thickness of 3 cm, a cutting length of 20 cm, and cut the end of the plug into a wedge shape;

(4) Cutting and treatment: the cutting time is preferably in the evening. After the spigot end is sterilized with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 3 minutes, it is then soaked in the rooting agent in step (2) for 30 minutes. Apply conventional water-retaining sealing glue to the notch at the socket end; vertically poke a hole with a depth of 8-10 cm on the cutting substrate in step (1), insert the treated cuttings into the hole, and compact the socket, the distance between the cuttings is 10cm, the row spacing is 10cm, and then drenched with clean water once to make the moisture content of the substrate reach 80%;

(5) Management and protection after insertion: build a plastic film shed with a height of 70cm on the cutting bed, and then cover with a layer of sunshade net with a light transmittance of 50% to avoid direct sunlight and reduce transpiration and water loss of cuttings. Check the environment inside the shed once every 3 days. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20°C (night) to 35°C (day). When wet, remove the film at both ends of the shed for ventilation; uncover the plastic film every 5 days and spray it with 1:1000 carbendazim solution once to prevent mold growth;

(6) Transplanting: After the cuttings take root, remove the plastic film and sunshade net, and continue to manage the seedlings until the seedlings reach a height of 30-35cm before they can be transplanted out of the nursery.

Example 2

(1) Substrate preparation: In March, select a well-lit, open and flat land area to be used as a cutting bed. First, the soil in this area is plowed 30cm deep, and the soil surface is scraped flat with a wooden board, and then the river sand, The cutting substrate mixed with red soil and humus soil according to the volume ratio of 1:0.5:1 is spread on the soil with a thickness of 20cm, and the surface is scraped with a wooden board, and then the sand bed is made of 1:500 carbendazim solution. Disinfection, once every 2 hours, for a total of 3 times;

(2) Preparation of rooting agent: Dissolve 60 mg of analytically pure indole butyric acid purchased in the market in 20 ml of ethanol with a volume concentration of 95%, add water to make up to 1000 ml after the dissolution is complete, shake well and make rooting agent for later use;

(3) Selection of cuttings: Select healthy annual lignified Moringa branches without diseases and insect pests as cuttings, with a thickness of 2 to 4 cm, a cutting length of 15 cm, and cut the end of the plug into a wedge shape;

(4) Cutting and treatment: the cutting time is preferably in the evening. After the spigot end is sterilized with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 2 minutes, it is then soaked in the rooting agent in step (2) for 25 minutes. Apply conventional water-retaining sealing glue to the notch at the socket end; vertically poke a hole with a depth of 8 cm on the cutting substrate in step (1), insert the treated cuttings into the hole, and compact the socket, the distance between the cuttings is 10 cm, The row spacing is 10cm, and then drenched with clean water once to make the moisture content of the substrate reach 80%;

(5) Management and protection after insertion: build a plastic film shed with a height of 60cm on the cutting bed, and then cover with a layer of sunshade net with a light transmittance of 50% to avoid direct sunlight and reduce transpiration and water loss of cuttings. Check the environment inside the shed every 2 days. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20°C (night) to 35°C (day). When wet, remove the film at both ends of the shed for ventilation; uncover the plastic film every 5 days and spray it with 1:1000 carbendazim solution once to prevent mold growth;

(6) Transplanting: After the cuttings take root, remove the plastic film and sunshade net, and continue to manage the seedlings until the seedlings reach a height of 30-35cm before they can be transplanted out of the nursery.

Example 3

(1) Substrate preparation: In May, select a well-lit, open and flat land area to be used as a cutting bed. First, the soil in this area is plowed 30cm deep, and the soil surface is scraped flat with a wooden board, and then the river sand, The cutting substrate mixed with red soil and humus soil according to the volume ratio of 1:0.5:1 is spread on the soil with a thickness of 20cm, and the surface is scraped with a wooden board, and then the sand bed is made of 1:500 carbendazim solution. Disinfection, once every 2 hours, for a total of 3 times;

(2) Preparation of rooting agent: Dissolve 80 mg of analytically pure indole butyric acid commercially available in 30 ml of ethanol with a volume concentration of 95%, add water to dilute to 1000 ml after the dissolution is complete, shake well and make rooting agent for later use;

(3) Selection of cuttings: choose healthy annual lignified Moringa branches without diseases and insect pests as cuttings, with a thickness of 4 cm, a cutting length of 25 cm, and cut the end of the plug into a wedge shape;

(4) Cuttage and treatment: The best time for cutting is in the evening. Disinfect the spigot end with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 3 minutes, then soak it in the rooting agent in step (2) for 35 minutes, and then put it in the rooting agent of step (2). Apply conventional water-retaining sealing glue to the notch at the socket end; vertically poke a hole with a depth of 10 cm on the cutting substrate in step (1), insert the treated cuttings into the hole, and compact the socket, the distance between the cuttings is 10 cm, The row spacing is 10cm, and then drenched with clean water once to make the moisture content of the substrate reach 80%;

(5) Post-insertion management: Build a plastic film shed with a height of 60-80 cm on the cutting bed, and then cover with a layer of sunshade net with a light transmittance of 50% to avoid direct sunlight and reduce transpiration and dehydration of the cuttings , check the environment inside the shed every 3 days. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20°C (night) to 35°C (day). or when it is too wet, remove the film at both ends of the shed for ventilation; uncover the plastic film every 5 days and spray it with 1:1000 carbendazim solution once to prevent mold growth;

(6) Transplanting: After the cuttings take root, remove the plastic film and sunshade net, and continue to manage the seedlings until the seedlings reach a height of 30-35cm before they can be transplanted out of the nursery.

Comparative example 1: with embodiment 1, only the rooting agent of step 2 is replaced with ABT rooting agent.

Comparative Example 2: Same as Example 1, only the rooting agent in step 2 was replaced with 2,4-D rooting agent.

Comparative example 3: same as embodiment 1, only step 2 is omitted and the use of rooting agent is omitted.

Table 1 Comparison of different treatment methods for cuttings of Moringa oleifera

As shown in Table 1, compared with the conventional control, the cutting rooting rate of the present invention reaches 86%, which is 1.83, 4.10 and 12.29 times of the best performance value of comparative examples 1, 2, and 3 respectively; the number of lateral roots of cuttings reaches 26%. strips, respectively 1.30, 2.00 and 8.67 times of the best performance values of comparative examples 1 and 2/3; the average root length of the cuttings is respectively 1.26, 1.71 and 2.90 times of the best performance values of the comparison; and the roots of the cuttings callus The time of tissue formation was also earlier than that of the control.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of 1. method of Moringa cutting propagation, it is characterised in that pass through following each step：

   （1）Matrix prepares：In the 3-5 months, the region of cutting bed is chosen for use as, first by the soil deep tillage 30cm in the region, and by soil Earth surface scrape it is smooth, then by river sand, laterite, peat press 1:0.5:The cutting medium that 1 volume ratio mixes is laid in On the soil, thickness 20cm, and surface is struck off, afterwards with 1:500 carbendazim solution carries out sand bed disinfection, it is every 2 it is small when Disinfection 1 time, sterilizes 3 times altogether；

   （2）Root-growing agent prepares：60~80mg of indolebutyric acid is dissolved in the ethanol that 25~30ml volumetric concentrations are 95%, dissolving After completely plus water is settled to 1000ml, and it is spare to be configured to root-growing agent after shaking up；

   （3）Cutting selects：The annual lignifying Moringa branch of healthy no disease and pests harm is chosen as cuttings, thick 2~4cm, clip Length is 15~25cm, and socket end is truncated into wedge shape；

   （4）Cuttage and processing：Cutting time is the dusk, by the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate that socket end mass concentration is 0.1% After handling 2~3min, step is placed into（2）Root-growing agent in soak 25~35min, then socket end clip with conventional water conservation Sealing compound is smeared；In step（1）Cutting medium on vertical stamp depth be 8~10cm hole, then the cuttings after processing is inserted into Kong Zhong, and jack is compacted, the clear water 1 time of then drenching, makes substrate water content reach 80%；

   The cuttage spacing in the rows is 10cm, line-spacing 10cm；

   （5）Managed and protected after inserting：The plastic film shed that height is 60~80cm is built on cutting bed, then lid last layer printing opacity again Rate is 50% sunshade net, carries out within every 2~3 days environmental test in a shed, and temperature of shed is controlled at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C, its is wet Degree control adheres to droplet without sliding for plastic film；Plastic film was opened with 1 every 5 days:1000 carbendazim solution carries out Spraying 1 time；

   （6）Transplanting：Treat cuttage rooting, throw off plastic film and sunshade net, continue manage nursery stock until height of seedling up to 30~35cm i.e. Garden transplanting can be gone out.
2. 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step（1）The region for being chosen for use as cutting bed is choosing Select that illumination is good and open flat soil.
3. 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step（2）Indolebutyric acid for it is purchased in market analysis it is pure.
4. 4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step（5）In when arch temperature of shed higher than 35 DEG C or During overly moist, shed two ends are taken off into film ventilation.