CN104871962A - Production method of rice seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of rice seeds. The method is characterized in that rice seeds produced by indica / japonica intermediate type restoring series R900 are adopted, wherein the indica / japonica intermediate type restoring series R900 are the intermediate materials which are prepared through wide spectrum and wide compability gene according to the high heterosis of indica / japonica subspecies; the intermediate materials are large in capacity, sufficient in source, high in ripening rate, and good in circularity; then the high pressure sieving is carried out to select multi-antibody seedling germplasm with polymerized indica / japonica stress resistance genes; the new rice spicy with high output, high quality and unified multi-antibody performances can be selected by rice inspection.

Description

A kind of production method of rice paddy seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to new variety of plant breeding technique field, specifically, relate to a kind of production method of rice paddy seed.

Background technology

Paddy rice is one of topmost cereal crops in China and even the whole world, relies on scientific and technological advances and continues to increase substantially rice yield, is the inevitable choice solving world food safety problem.Since the eighties in last century, the countries such as Japan, International Rice institute and mechanism successively implement Super rice breeding plan, but because difficulty is large, technology path not proper, and the kind be bred as is difficult to spread because of problems such as rice matter, resistance and ripening rates, fails so far.The Ministry of Agriculture of China starts Super rice breeding plan in 1996, within 1997, Academician YUAN Long-ping has delivered famous " Super High-yield Breeding of Hybrid Rice " paper, propose concrete technology path and the imagination of Rice Super-yield Breeding, national Super rice breeding is guided to step into fast traffic lane rapidly, in succession achieve a series of achievement leading in the world, first phase per unit area yield 10.5t/ha target, second phase per unit area yield 12.0t/ha target realize in 2000 and 2004 in succession, and improved variety is large scale application in production.On September 18th, 2011, survey to produce through expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and check and accept, reach 13.9t/ha at the average per unit area yield of hundred mu of super hybridized rices " excellent No. 2 of Y two " of Yang Guao township, Longhui County, Hunan Province plantation, indicate that China's third phase Super rice breeding achieves important breakthrough.

But China agricultural resources occupancy volume per person is very low, and per capita cultivated land's occupancy volume is only 1/3rd of world average level, along with the quickening of urbanization process, China's arable area presents the trend of successively decreasing year by year.According to the publication that Ministry of Land and Resources issues, China's arable area close to the red line of 1,800,000,000 mu, and likely continues to reduce.Because the rigidity of the agricultural resourcess such as arable land restricts, grain security faces unprecedented threat.It is cultivate great new varieties that the national conditions that people subtracts with increasing determine the unique channel realizing increases in grain production, improves unit yield.On the other hand, the large area be combined in production along with super hybridized rice is promoted rapidly, also expose existing super hybridized rice and combine the shortcoming that disease-resistant resistance is poor, be difficult to give full play to its yield potential, in production practices, the cry of the super hybridized rice Combination nova of enantiopathy strong stress resistance is more and more higher.And along with the progress of agricultural modernization, the improvement of living standards of the people, rice varieties not only requires high yield, stable yields, also should have better, more fully product quality.Rice market presenting superior rice is in great demand, situation that rice inferior is unsalable, illustrates that rice quality can't meet the demand of people, realize Super-high-yielding and high-quality combines, is the reality need of raising Rice Cropping benefit and living standards of the people.In addition, trans-corporation pours in, the severe crush living space of domestic Seed enterprises.More seriously; owing to lacking intellectual property protection consciousness; after a lot of germ plasm resource of China, genetic resources are stolen and clone, become again the patent means that trans-corporation restricts China's technical development conversely abroad, safely threat is constituted to the germ plasm resource of China and seed industry.In sum, the original innovation new rice variety that development " degeneration-resistant, high-quality, Super-high-yielding " combines also is protected maintenance China hybrid rice leading position and is ensured that China's grain security is all significant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, while breaking existing variety yield bottleneck, realizes " Super-high-yielding, high-quality, resist " more and combines, the new rice variety of seed selection original innovation, and the production method providing corresponding rice paddy seed.

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method using Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce rice paddy seed.In August, 2004, be maternal to hybridize with " E32 " obtain F1 with Wide compability japonica rice " 02428 ", in succession hybridize with " first extensive 207 ", " samsara 422 " again, within 2007, select fine individual plant and raise rice No. 6 to hybridize from three friendship F3 generations, and the systematic breeding through 4 years 8 generations obtains the Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer material of good stable, with this material for male parent and the excellent sterile such as Peiai 64S, Y58S system test cross combo, hybrid combination is had outstanding performance, and then names this Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer material into " R900 ".

A kind of method using Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce rice paddy seed, can be realized by following measures:

In paddy fields, directly use restorer " R900 " natural propagation of Xian round-grained rice osculant can obtain a large amount of rice paddy seed.

The present invention comprises equally and utilizes Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " plant organ or unicellular or haploid tissue to cultivate, and differentiation and regeneration obtains individual plants and the seed that obtains of propagation.

This area can obtain the derivation rice varieties seed similar with Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " by the following method easily with administrative staff: (1) is choosing: plant a large amount of " R900 " colony, the therefrom slightly vicissitudinous new strain of Systematic selection proterties; (2) improve: with " R900 " for acceptor, by means such as hybridization or backcross breeding, molecular improvement, transgenosiss, obtain the modified form " R900 " that major traits is constant; (3) suddenly change: utilize " R900 " mutant that the mutating technology such as radioinduction, mutagenesis means produce.

Another application of the invention produces rice paddy seed by hybrid seeding, it is realized by following measures: (1) adopts " R900 " or its derivation kind as male parent, comprise photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, Cytoplasm nuclear interaction male sterile line and intelligent male sterile line etc. as maternal using male sterible series of rice, hybrid seeding produces rice paddy seed; (2) utilize artificial emasculation, chemical emasculation or import the means such as sterile gene transformation and " R900 " or its are derived from kind as female parent, other rice varieties is as male parent, and hybrid seeding produces rice paddy seed.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, output is high: " R900 " is the Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer by utilizing wide spectrum wide compatibility gene and Xian round-grained rice to hand over seed selection.Owing to make use of the inter-subspecific heterosis of higher level, it is generous, flourishing that it has blade, the large source in big panicle many grains per panicle, storehouse foot, and plant type is desirable, it is powerful to be in the milk, the features such as stem stalk is sturdy, highly anti-fall, with " R900 " for the seed that male parent is produced can be easy to realize Super-high-yielding.

2, rice is of fine quality: meal taste is pure, good palatability.Measure through rice inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture, its Major Grain matter index reaches national gold standard 3 grades of superior rices.

3, resistance: combine long-grained nonglutinous rice and to discolor the feature strong with japonica rice low temperature tolerance ability, high temperature resistance, cold tolerance are all very strong.

4, wide adaptability: north to Hanzhong, Yu Nan, in containing the Yangtze river basin, south reaches south China, Hainan, all can plant and obtain Super-high-yielding.

5, be easy to the production of hybrid seeds: " R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, pollen amount is large, with it for male parent is easy to realize seed production and high-yield.

Specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1,

" R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability is strong, and pollen amount foot, the florescence is longer.2013, Yongzhou City area with " R900 " for male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line Y58S is that female parent carries out the production of hybrid seeds.Male parent " R900 " is broadcast in two batches, and first May 22 was sowed, sowing on second batch May 29, every mu by kind 0.4 kilogram, light seeding is even to be broadcast.June 5 sowed maternal Y58S, every mu by kind 1.75 kilograms, every mu of rice seedling bed seeding quantity is 10 kilograms.Harrow a field simultaneously every mu of rice seedling bed sealing fertilizer 10 kilograms, paddy of collapsing after broadcasting.Execute urea 5-7.5 kg/acre during rice shoot 1.5 leaf, before transplanting, within 5-7 days, execute urea 5-7.5 kg/acre, and desinsection.June 13 has harrowed land for growing field crops and has played 15 kilograms, base fertilizer (composite fertilizer) simultaneously, and male parent was transplanted June 14 simultaneously, and every cave plants 2-3 grain paddy, unpack for 2.2 meters, row, than 12: 2, inserts 5 × 6 cun of duplicate rows, every mu of Basic Seedling more than 1.5 thousand ten thousand, June 19 executed striking root fertilizer (urea) 3-4 kilogram.Maternal in transplanting on June 27, seeding row spacing 4 × 4.5 cun, more than every mu of 2.3 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, every root and stem of certain plants 2 paddy, every mu of Basic Seedling more than 100,000.July 2 executed striking root fertilizer (urea) 7.5 kgs/acre, and water falls dry naturally, time disconnected, dry wet when filling with.August 12 maternal beginning fringe, the effective fringe of mu is more than 200,000, and in spray in morning August 14 " 92 〇 ", every mu of consumption 14 grams, only beats female parent, and female parent is eared more than 25%; Morning on the 16th, male parent heading 10%, Parent was beaten simultaneously, and 17 start to catch up with powder, every day 2-3 time, totally 9 days with the consumption of 16 grams every mu spray " 92 〇 ".Male parent is higher than maternal 15cm, and female parent is bag neck not, and fringe flushes whole.Before harvesting, species test is surveyed and is produced, average every fringe 149, real grain 95, and ripening rate is 63.7%, and thousand kernel weight is 20.76 grams, theoretical per mu yield (calculating with every mu of 200,000 fringes) 375.44 kilograms, actual measurement per mu yield 267 kilograms.

Embodiment 2,

2013, with " R900 " for male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line Y58S was that maternal " Y58S/R900 " rice paddy seed produced carries out hundred mu of high yield trial in flakes in Niu Xing village of Yang Guao township of Hunan Longhui.On April 12nd, 2013 sow, 8-16 day in May transplants, August 8 neat fringe, September 28 results, duration from seeding to heading 112d, the time of infertility 169d.Plant height 129.5cm, stem total leaf number 15 leaf, elongated internodes 6, number of productive ear 2,280,000/hm2, spike length 31.7cm, every total grain panicle number 340.2, ripening rate 93.6%, thousand kernel weight 27.5g.Survey to produce through Ministry of Agriculture scene and check and accept daily output 5.85kg/d, harvest index is 0.54, and actual production is 14.82t/hm2, creates the world record that the per mu yield of paddy rice larger area is new.

Claims (6)

1. a production method for rice paddy seed, is characterized in that the rice varieties seed using Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to produce.

2. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, is characterized in that the seed using restorer " R900 " natural propagation of Xian round-grained rice osculant to obtain.

3. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, is characterized in that utilizing Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " plant organ or seed that the is unicellular or acquisition of haploid tissue cultivation regeneration propagation.

4. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, is characterized in that utilizing Xian round-grained rice osculant restorer " R900 " to be choosing, improves, suddenly change the derivation rice varieties seed produced.

5. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, is characterized in that using rice paddy seed described in claim 2,3,4 as one of parent, the rice varieties seed that hybridization produces.

6. described in claim 5 as parents produce rice varieties seed, it is characterized in that:

There is provided andro gamete as male parent, hybridize with arbitrary rice varieties the seed produced;

There is provided oogamete as female parent, hybridize with arbitrary rice varieties the seed produced.