CN104876651A - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of silkworm litter, 50-100 parts of wet pond silt, 5-15 parts of snail shell, 10-20 parts of straw, 15-25 parts of animal manure, 5-10 parts of microbial fermentation bacterium and 5-10 parts of aboriginal bacterium. The organic fertilizer is convenient in production and application methods, and is safe and effective. The verification proves that the organic fertilizer has the characteristics of enhancing the crop yield, reducing the chemical fertilizer and pesticide consumptions and the like. The organic fertilizer is prepared by carrying out compost fermentation on the silkworm litter and snail shell under the action of the microbial fermentation bacterium and aboriginal bacterium, can solve the problems of soil solidifying and hardening due to long-term use of the chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and can effectively enhance the crop quality.

Description

A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, especially a kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

At present, the whole world is faced with the Tough questions of increased population and environmental degradation, and in agriculture production, a large amount of uses of mineral manure also can make environmental degradation more serious.The weak point of this mineral manure mainly contains: spoiled soil, soil organic matter content is caused to decline, all kinds of nutrients ratio imbalance, soil starts acidifying, hardens, physicochemical character and the soil microflora of soil are subject to havoc, cause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, be difficult to the actual growth needs meeting farm crop; Farm crop are comparatively strong to the dependency of fertilizer and pesticide, must increase phase usage quantity year by year, otherwise crop growth is slow, and disease and pest is serious, causes the underproduction; Agroecological environment worsens, after chemical fertilizer applies farmland, practical efficiency on average only has 30%, major part flows into rivers and lakes with farmland drainage or residues in soil and plant and farming object, not only bring environmental pollution but also jeopardize the safety and health of the mankind and life, these all become the obstacle of Agricul tural Sustain able Development; These situations can be improved by application of organic fertilizers material above, but the organic fertilizer of domestic many kinds is very different, what have with the addition of a large amount of chemical fertilizer in fertilizer, what have simply just processes with livestocks faces, the amount of application also had is few, can not as main fertilising, and effect is single, price is high.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome deficiency of the prior art, provides organic fertilizer that a kind of effect is extensive, production cost is low, fertilizer efficiency is high and preparation method thereof.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of organic fertilizer, the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 40-80 part, wet pond sludge 50-100 part, snail shell 5-15 part, stalk 10-20 part, animal excrement 15-25 part, fermentable bacterium 5-10 part, indigenous bacterium 5-10 part.

Further, the water content of described wet pond sludge is 20%-50%.

Further, described fermentable bacterium comprises the vinelandii of bacillus category, lactic acid bacteria class, yeast relevant enzymes and trace, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, antibiotic bacteria.

Further, described animal excrement are selected from one or more in pig manure, chicken manure or cow dung.

Further, the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 50 parts, wet 75 parts, pond sludge, snail shell (shell, oyster shells) 10 parts, stalk 12 parts, animal excrement 25 parts, fermentable bacterium 8 parts, indigenous bacterium 8 parts.

Prepare a kind of method of organic fertilizer, described preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) main raw material silkworm excrement, snail shell, stalk, animal excrement are dropped into whipping device, stir by the mix and blend of raw material: in ratio of weight and number;

(2) fermentation is piled up: extremely stacked by the raw material transport mixed smooth barnyard, sealed with wet pond sludge, spontaneous fermentation one month;

(3) pack: after having fermented, pond sludge is mixed again with other raw materials, after being cooled to normal temperature, is packaged into band, described organic fertilizer.

The beneficial effect of technical scheme of the present invention is adopted to be:

1, organic fertilizer production of the present invention and using method are conveniently, safe and effective, empirical tests, organic fertilizer of the present invention has raising crop yield, the feature such as chemical fertilizer, Pesticide use amount of minimizing, organic fertilizer of the present invention be by silkworm excrement and snail shell under the effect of fermentable bacterium and indigenous bacterium, entered compost fermentation and obtained, life-time service can solve use term chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals to cause soil is hardening, harden problem, effectively can improve crops quality.

2, organic fertilizer of the present invention can to provide in plant growing process the trace elements such as required multiple amino acids, Yeast Nucleic Acid and mineral substance, and organic fertilizer of the present invention is convenient to farm crop absorption, that farm crop absorb sufficient nutrient, the sturdy prosperity of root system, disease resistance is strong, improves the output of farm crop; Meanwhile, organic fertilizer of the present invention have safe, pollution-free, improve crop quality, improve crop yield, the beneficial effect that maintains soil fertility, delay the soil compaction time.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1

A kind of organic fertilizer, the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 40-part, wet 50 parts, pond sludge, snail shell 5 parts, stalk 10 parts, animal excrement 15 parts, fermentable bacterium 5 parts, indigenous bacterium 5 parts.

The water content of described wet pond sludge is 20%.

Described fermentable bacterium comprises the vinelandii of bacillus category, lactic acid bacteria class, yeast relevant enzymes and trace, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, antibiotic bacteria.

Pig manure is selected in described animal excrement.

Embodiment 2

A kind of organic fertilizer, the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 50 parts, wet 75 parts, pond sludge, snail shell (shell, oyster shells) 10 parts, stalk 12 parts, animal excrement 25 parts, fermentable bacterium 8 parts, indigenous bacterium 8 parts.

The water content of described wet pond sludge is 30%.

Described fermentable bacterium comprises the vinelandii of bacillus category, lactic acid bacteria class, yeast relevant enzymes and trace, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, antibiotic bacteria.

Pig manure and chicken manure are selected in described animal excrement.

Embodiment 3

A kind of organic fertilizer, the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 80 parts, wet 100 parts, pond sludge, snail shell 15 parts, stalk 20 parts, animal excrement 25 parts, fermentable bacterium 10 parts, indigenous bacterium 10 parts.

The water content of described wet pond sludge is 50%.

Described fermentable bacterium comprises the vinelandii of bacillus category, lactic acid bacteria class, yeast relevant enzymes and trace, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, antibiotic bacteria.

The mixture of pig manure, chicken manure or cow dung is selected in described animal excrement.

The preparation method of the organic fertilizer in embodiment 1-3 is as follows:

Prepare a kind of method of organic fertilizer, described preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) main raw material silkworm excrement, snail shell, stalk, animal excrement are dropped into whipping device, stir by the mix and blend of raw material: in ratio of weight and number;

(2) fermentation is piled up: extremely stacked by the raw material transport mixed smooth barnyard, sealed with wet pond sludge, spontaneous fermentation one month;

(3) pack: after having fermented, pond sludge is mixed again with other raw materials, after being cooled to normal temperature, is packaged into band, described organic fertilizer.

Fertilizer efficiency is verified:

The organic fertilizer of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 2 is adopted to carry out repetition test, the using method of organic fertilizer of the present invention: fertilizer is directly spread on crops seedbed or at root and applies fertilizer, bring into use from seedling stage, upgrowth situation according to farm crop applies fertilizer to farm crop, and rate of fertilizer application is generally 40-80 pound/acre.

The experimental technique of various Crops in Applying Fertilizer is as follows:

Paddy rice: the seedbed phase applies fertilizer 2 times, field broadcast application 2 times after rice transplanting, boot stage 1 time, anti-banded sclerotial blight, each 60 pounds/acre of usage quantity.

Corn: the seedbed phase applies fertilizer 2 times, applied fertilizer 1 time between the jointing stage, each 40 pounds/acre of usage quantity.

Soybean, peanut: respectively apply fertilizer 1 time in seedling stage, florescence, fruiting period, each 80 pounds/acre of usage quantity.

Cotton: respectively apply fertilizer 1 time in seedling stage, florescence and peach phase, usage quantity is each 50 pounds/acre.

Semen Brassicae campestris: fertilization strategy 1 time, usage quantity is each 50 pounds/acre.

Tealeaves: germination period sprays 1 time, sprays 1 time in after often gathering 3-5 days later.Increase yield, oil recovery enhancement.

After vegetable crop fertilising, the resistance against diseases of vegetables, anti-adversity ability significantly improves, and the mouthfeel of vegetables, quality, color and luster significantly improve, and insect pest is few, and output is high.

Cucumber: seedling stage, florescence, knot melon phase respectively apply fertilizer 1 time, each 40 pounds/acre of usage quantity.

Tomato: seedling stage, florescence respectively apply fertilizer 1 time, each 40 pounds/acre of usage quantity.After gathering, every canopy florescence applies fertilizer 1 time later at every turn, and result: bear fruit many, fruit is large, and appearance luster is beautiful, and collection period is long.

Watermelon, muskmelon: seedling stage, florescence.The knot melon phase respectively applies fertilizer 1 time.

Experimental result is as follows:

1, increasing both production and income: outdoor crop yield 12-18%, greenhouse crops volume increase 25-28%;

2, precocious: the ripening stage shifts to an earlier date 5-10 days, and particularly vegetables bear fruit, and can go on the market in advance, seize the first market opportunities;

3, the sturdy prosperity of root system, full of leaves, resistance against diseases is strong, improves crops quality.

Although above-described embodiment describes in detail technical scheme of the present invention, but technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, when not departing from thought of the present invention and aim, claims limited range of the present invention all will be fallen into any change that technical scheme of the present invention is done.

Claims (6)

1. an organic fertilizer, is characterized in that the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 40-80 part, wet pond sludge 50-100 part, snail shell 5-15 part, stalk 10-20 part, animal excrement 15-25 part, fermentable bacterium 5-10 part, indigenous bacterium 5-10 part.

2. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water content of described wet pond sludge is 20%-50%.

3. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fermentable bacterium comprises the vinelandii of bacillus category, lactic acid bacteria class, yeast relevant enzymes and trace, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, antibiotic bacteria.

4. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described animal excrement are selected from one or more in pig manure, chicken manure or cow dung.

5. a kind of organic fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the mass parts of described organic fertilizer is composed as follows: silkworm excrement 50 parts, wet 75 parts, pond sludge, snail shell (shell, oyster shells) 10 parts, stalk 12 parts, animal excrement 25 parts, fermentable bacterium 8 parts, indigenous bacterium 8 parts.

6. prepare a method for a kind of organic fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) main raw material silkworm excrement, snail shell, stalk, animal excrement are dropped into whipping device, stir by the mix and blend of raw material: in ratio of weight and number;

(2) fermentation is piled up: extremely stacked by the raw material transport mixed smooth barnyard, sealed with wet pond sludge, spontaneous fermentation one month;

(3) pack: after having fermented, pond sludge is mixed again with other raw materials, after being cooled to normal temperature, is packaged into band, described organic fertilizer.