CN104862624A - Tailored Rolling Of High Strength Aluminum - Google Patents
Tailored Rolling Of High Strength Aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- CN104862624A CN104862624A CN201510087761.XA CN201510087761A CN104862624A CN 104862624 A CN104862624 A CN 104862624A CN 201510087761 A CN201510087761 A CN 201510087761A CN 104862624 A CN104862624 A CN 104862624A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
A method of processing high strength aluminum sheet is provided. The method may comprise uncoiling a coil of O or F-temper 6xxx or 7xxxx series aluminum alloy sheet, tailored rolling the sheet to form a tailored rolled sheet having at least two different thicknesses, blanking the tailored rolled sheet to form a tailored rolled blank (TRB), hot stamping the tailored rolled blank to form a component, and age hardening the component. The tailored rolling operation may reduce the thickness of the aluminum sheet by up to 60% in selected regions. The method may include a hot stamping process for age hardening aluminum alloys that solution heat treats and quenches the TRB. The method may be used to form lightweight, high-strength aluminum vehicle components having a controlled thickness profile to reduce component part weight.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates to the thick rolling of difference of the aldural of such as 6xxx and 7xxx series alloy.
Background technology
Known body panel is made up of mild steel.A kind of method reducing the weight of steel body panel is that difference thick rolling (tailored rolling) material is to produce the multi-thickness throughout plate.Also aluminum alloy bodywork outside plate is being developed to reduce vehicle weight.For the main body outside plate of automobile and aerospace industry exploitation mainly concentrates on 5xxx and the 6xxx series alloys being respectively magnalium and Aludur.5xxx series alloys is generally shaped by the method similar to the method used mild steel plate and is processed.
In order to possess for the performance needed for some purposes, 6xxx series alloys can need age hardening process.If by the aluminium-zinc alloy age hardening of 7xxx series, then it can reach the yield strength close with the yield strength of high-strength steel.7xxx series alloys can have various state (temper), and they can be difficult to processed and can need other thermal treatment before age hardening process.Such as, can be difficult at room temperature be stamped or stretch with the 7xxx material of T6 state arrival.Age hardening process for 6xxx and 7xxx series alloy comprises continuous annealing and solution heat treatment (CASH) process, and CASH process is only limited to the plate with uniform thickness.Therefore, the thick rolling of difference using current technique to carry out aldural (such as, age hardening 6xxx and 7xxx series alloy) is impossible.
The disclosure is for the other problems solved the problem and sum up as follows.
Summary of the invention
According to one side of the present disclosure, provide a kind of method for processing high strength aluminium sheet.Described method comprises the volume of 6xxx or the 7xxx series alloys plate launching O state or F state.Described plate is differed from thick rolling, to form the plate along its length with the thick rolling of difference of at least two kinds of different thickness.The plate of the thick rolling of difference is cut into blank to form the thick rolling blank of difference.Described method can be included in blanking step before by difference thick rolling plate wound into a roll again.Described method also can comprise the thick rolling blank of hot pressing difference to form assembly.This assembly then stands age hardening.
Volume can be 7xxx series alloys plate, and age hardening step can comprise the yield strength heat-treating to reach at least 490MPa to this assembly.Volume also can be 6xxx series alloys plate, and age hardening step can comprise the yield strength heat-treating to reach at least 240MPa to this assembly.The thick milling step of difference can comprise the thickness at least one region of aluminium alloy plate reduction maximum 60%.6xxx or 7xxx series alloys plate can have the thickness of 1mm to 5mm and the plate of the thick rolling of difference can have the thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm.
Heat-press step can comprise the thick rolling blank of difference is at least heated to its solid solubility temperature, is placed in by thick for difference rolling blank in set of molds and by set of molds and closes, blank is configured as assembly and quenches to assembly on the thick rolling blank of difference.Age hardening step can comprise described component heat is processed into T6 state.Age hardening step can comprise the two-step thermal processing of assembly, and described two-step thermal processing can be included in 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C and assign 0.2 little the first thermal treatment up to 3 hours and assign 0.5 little the second thermal treatment up to 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, provide a kind of method of processing high strength aluminium sheet, described method comprises: the volume launching the 7xxx series alloys plate of O state or F state; Thick rolling is differed to described plate, to form the plate along its length with the thick rolling of difference of at least two kinds of different thickness; And the plate of the thick rolling of stamping-out difference is to form the thick rolling blank of difference.Described method also comprises: the thick rolling blank of hot pressing difference, to form assembly, then carries out age hardening to reach the yield strength of at least 490MPa to assembly.Age hardening step can comprise heat-treats to reach T6 state to assembly.
The thick milling step of difference can comprise the thickness at least one region of aluminium alloy plate reduction maximum 60%.7xxx series alloys plate can have the thickness of 1mm to 5mm and the plate of the thick rolling of difference can have the thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm.7xxx series alloys plate can be 7075 aluminium alloys.Heat-press step can comprise: the solid solubility temperature thick rolling blank of difference being at least heated to it, is placed in thick for difference rolling blank in set of molds, and set of molds is closed blank is configured as assembly and quenches to assembly on the thick rolling blank of difference.Age hardening step can comprise the two-step thermal processing of assembly, and described two-step thermal processing can be included in 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C and assign 0.2 little the first thermal treatment up to 3 hours and assign 0.5 little the second thermal treatment up to 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, provide a kind of method of processing high strength aluminium sheet, described method comprises: carry out differing from thick rolling to the plate of 7xxx series alloys (such as, 7075), to form the plate along its length with the thick rolling of difference of at least two kinds of different thickness; And stamping-out is carried out to form the thick rolling blank of difference to the plate of the thick rolling of difference.Hot pressing difference thick rolling blank, to form solution heat treatment and quenched assembly, this assembly then by age hardening to reach the yield strength of at least 490MPa.Age hardening can be included in 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C and assign 0.2 little the first thermal treatment up to 3 hours and assign 0.5 little the second thermal treatment up to 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.
The thick milling step of difference can comprise the thickness at least one region of aluminium alloy plate reduction maximum 60%.Heat-press step can comprise: the solid solubility temperature thick rolling blank of difference being at least heated to it, and is placed in set of molds by thick for difference rolling blank.Then set of molds is closed blank is configured as assembly and quenches to assembly on the thick rolling blank of difference.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, provide a kind of method of processing the volume of aldural, described method comprises: the volume launching the 7xxx series alloys of O state or F state; The thick rolling of row difference is involved in, to form the plate along its length with the thick rolling of difference of at least two kinds of different thickness to described; The plate of the thick rolling of stamping-out difference is to form the thick rolling blank of difference; The thick rolling blank of hot pressing difference is to form assembly; And age hardening is carried out to reach the yield strength of at least 490MPa to assembly.
The thickness that the thick milling step of difference can comprise at least one region of being rolled up by aluminium alloy reduces maximum 60%.The volume of 7xxx series alloys can have the thickness of 1mm to 5mm and the plate of the thick rolling of difference can have the thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm.Heat-press step can comprise: the solid solubility temperature thick rolling blank of difference being at least heated to it, is placed in thick for difference rolling blank in set of molds, and set of molds is closed blank is configured as assembly and quenches to assembly on the thick rolling blank of difference.Age hardening step can comprise heat-treats to reach T6 state to assembly.Age hardening step can comprise the two-step thermal processing of assembly, and described two-step thermal processing can be included in 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C and assign 0.2 little the first thermal treatment up to 3 hours and assign 0.5 little the second thermal treatment up to 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.7xxx series alloys can be 7075 aluminium alloys.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, provide a kind of method of processing high-strength aluminium alloy plate, described method comprises: differ from thick rolling to the plate of 7xxx series alloys, to form the plate of the thick rolling of the difference with at least two kinds of different thickness; Stamping-out is carried out to form the thick rolling blank of difference to the plate of the thick rolling of difference; The thick rolling blank of hot pressing difference, to form solution heat treatment and quenched assembly; And it is little up to 3 hours with at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C, the second thermal treatment 0.5 is little hardened to reach the yield strength of at least 490MPa up to 5 hours to this assembly by the first thermal treatment 0.2 at 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C.
The thick milling step of difference can comprise the thickness at least one region of aluminium alloy plate reduction maximum 60%.Heat-press step can comprise: the solid solubility temperature thick rolling blank of difference being at least heated to it, is placed on thick for difference rolling blank in set of molds, and set of molds is closed so that blank is configured as assembly on the thick rolling blank of difference, quenches to assembly simultaneously.7xxx series alloys can be 7075 aluminium alloys.
Come to describe in more detail above-mentioned aspect of the present disclosure and other aspects below with reference to accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the thick rolling equipment of difference;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of aluminium hot-press equipment; And
Fig. 3 is the schema of the method for the thick rolling of difference illustrated for age-hardened Al-alloy.
Embodiment
With reference to the embodiment that accompanying drawing openly illustrates.But, will be appreciated that the intention of disclosed embodiment is only the example as implementing with various replaceable form.Accompanying drawing may not be draw in proportion and some features can be exaggerated or minimize to illustrate the details of concrete assembly.Disclosed ad hoc structure and functional details are not understood to restrictive, but as the representative basis for instructing those skilled in the art how to put into practice disclosed design.
Aluminium alloy is identified by 4-digit number usually, and the first bit digital identifies main alloying elements usually.Main alloying elements in 7xxx series aluminum is zinc, and the main alloying elements of 5xxx series is magnesium, is magnesium and silicon for 6xxx series.The additional character that character " x " in the series trade mark represents defines aluminium alloy accurately.Such as, can use there is 5.1%-6.1% zinc, the magnesium of 2.1%-2.9%, the copper of 1.2%-2.0% and be less than 0.5% silicon, iron, manganese, titanium, chromium and other metals 7075 aluminium alloys of composition.
7xxx series and some 6xxx series alloy need age hardening process (also referred to as precipitation-hardening).To reach high yield strength (YS).Such as, for 7xxx series alloy, age hardening can produce the YS of more than 400MPa.Thermal treatment 6xxx series alloy (such as, 6061 and 6111) and 7xxx series alloy (such as, 7075) need solution treatment, quenching and follow-up age hardening process.Solution heat treatment process can make initial by 6xxx or 7xxx alloy punching part distortion out (distort).
In 7xxx series alloy, add main alloying elements to be introduced the specified property of such as intensity and toughness by precipitation-hardening.Secondary alloy element affects indirectly performance as grain-refining agent/fixing agent (pinners).Main alloying elements in 7xxx series is Zn, Mg and Cu, and these main alloying elements have the solid solubility for solution heat treatment.Main alloying elements in 6xxx series is Mg, Si and Cu, and these main alloying elements have the solid solubility for solution heat treatment.These main alloying elements holding strength, toughness and ductility.Secondary alloying element has low solid solubility, therefore in solution heat treatment and quenching process, supports grain refining.
Solution heat treatment (or solutionizing) and the quenching of aluminum alloy materials before age hardening.Solution heat treatment generally includes more than solvus temperature alloy being at least heated to it and it is remained on the temperature of this rising, until alloy forms uniform sosoloid or single solid phase.During solutionizing, keep the temperature of alloy known is solid solubility temperature.Such as, the solid solubility temperature of 7xxx series alloys can be roughly 460 DEG C to 490 DEG C, sustainable about 5 minutes to 45 minutes of solution heat treatment.For 6xxx series alloys, solid solubility temperature can be roughly 510 DEG C to 580 DEG C, sustainable about 1 minute to 2 hours of solution treatment.Solid solubility temperature and/or time is determined according to the composition of given aluminium alloy.Solid solubility temperature can be the temperature that material is easy to compatible.Consistency is to form the character of homogeneous solution according to all proportions mixing material.Consistency may reside in all mutually in: solid, liquids and gases.
After solution treatment, perform and be quickly cooled to below solvus temperature to form the quenching Step of supersaturated solid solution alloy.Due to quick cooling, the atom in alloy does not have the sufficient time to spread sufficiently long distance to form two-phase or more phase in the alloy.Therefore alloy is in nonequilibrium state.Quench rates can be any suitable speed for forming supersaturation solution in the alloy of quenching.Can such as determining quench rates in the specific range of temperatures of 400 DEG C to 290 DEG C.In at least one embodiment, quench rates is at least 100 DEG C/sec.Quenching can be performed, until alloy is in the enough low temperature of such as about 290 DEG C, under making alloy remain on hypersaturated state (such as, diffusion is obviously slack-off).Then, can come air-cooled according to the speed less than quench rates or otherwise carry out cooled alloy, until reach the temperature of expectation.Selectively, the lower temperature being quenched to such as less than 100 DEG C or being low to moderate about room temperature can be performed.
Continuous annealing and solution heat treatment (CASH) stove is used to perform the solution heat treatment of 6xxx and 7xxx series of plates traditionally.Usually by the quenchant that plate is immersed in such as water or oil or otherwise use (such as, injection) quenchant and complete quenching.The stove performing CASH process is constructed and is arranged to process the plate with uniform thickness.In order to ensure completing correct solution heat treatment in plate, adjust the speed of such as temperature, conveyer, conveyer the setting of length, treatment time etc. to adapt to the thickness of the plate be processed.Similarly, in order to ensure completing correct quenching in plate, adjustment quenching process is to adapt to plate thickness (such as, quenchant, cool time, quench rates etc.).
In order to reach the YS of at least 400MPa or larger, solution treatment and quenched 7xxx series alloys must by age hardening (or precipitation-hardenings), and the 6xxx series alloy of age hardening can reach the YS of at least 200MPa.Age hardening comprises heating alloys and makes alloy remain on the temperature of rising, there are two or more phases being in balance in this temperature.Supersaturation alloy forms the precipitate that is meticulous, dispersion throughout everywhere due to the diffusion in alloy.Precipitate starts as cluster, and then cluster growth is to form GP district, and GP district is of a size of the order of magnitude of a few nanometer and cardinal principle is consistent with the metal matrix of surrounding in crystallography.Along with GP district grows dimensionally, they become precipitate, and these precipitates carry out reinforced alloys by stoping dislocation motion.Because precipitate is very finely dispersed in alloy, therefore dislocation easily can not move and or must walk around to spread or pass precipitate.
Can use five basic status code names for aluminium alloy, they are: F-just produces, O-is annealed, H-strain hardening, T-is heat treated and W-just quenched (between solution heat treatment and artificial aging process or natural aging treatment).Starting material for the arrival of published solutionizing and age hardening process can have any one in above-mentioned state code at first.Can follow after state code for of segmenting further or two digits.The aluminium alloy of T6 state code name is by solution heat treatment and artificial aging process, but after solution heat treatment not by cold worked alloy.T6 can show according to the yield strength of this material point relative to the peak value timeliness yield strength of the curve of time and temperature.T7x state can represent and there occurs solution heat treatment, and this material has been exceeded the peak value timeliness yield strength (overaging process) of yield strength relative to the curve of time and temperature by artificial aging process.T7x state material can have the yield strength lower than T6 state material, but T7x state provides enhanced corrosion resistance energy usually compared with T6 state.In one embodiment, the 7xxx series alloys parts being in T6 state of the YS with 490MPa or larger (such as, at least 500MPa) are defined.In another embodiment, the T7x state of such as T73 state or T76 state is defined.T7x state material can have the YS of at least 435MPa.6xxx series alloys can by age hardening to have 240MPa or larger (such as, at least 260MPa) YS T6 state or there is the T7 state of YS of at least 200MPa.Such as, be in the yield strength that 6061 of T6 state can have about 275MPa, be in the yield strength that 6111 of T6 state can have about 300MPa.
In the automotive industry, use aluminum components to substitute the weight saving that steel vehicle assembly can make assembly, and then make the weight saving of entire vehicle.The method that another kind alleviates the weight of steel vehicle assembly is the thickness adjusting (tailor) assembly in multiple region, steel assembly is made to have relatively thick region (such as, high-load district) and the region (such as, low load zones) of relative thin.Carrying out adjustment to the thickness of steel assembly can make in the some parts of assembly thickness reduce, thicker than the thickness needed for them before these parts.The technique being called as the thick rolling of difference (tailored rolling, or be called " variable cross-section rolling ") can be used to realize the adjusted thickness of steel assembly.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the thick rolling equipment 10 of difference, wherein metallic coil 12 is just being unfolded and by two groups of rolls 14 and 16.As shown in Figure 1, often organize roll and comprise two rolls.But, only can have single roll above and below plate, maybe can there are three or more rolls above and below plate, or their any combination (such as, two rolls up and a roll in below).Gap 18 switchboard 12 between two groups of rolls 14 and 16 is by the thickness 20 after roll.The size in gap 18 and the thickness 20 of plate 12 obtained thus regulate by the group relative to each other moving roll 14 and 16 vertically.If roll 14 and 16 moves towards each other, then gap 18 diminishes, if roll 14 and 16 is mobile away from each other, then gap 18 becomes large.In order to change the size in gap 18, roll 14 and 16 all can relative to each other move.Selectively, one group of maintenance in the group of roll 14 or 16 is fixing, any one group in the group of roll 14 or 16 can be moved relative to another group.The size in gap 18 can be regulated increase along the length of plate 12 or reduce the thickness 20 of plate 12 through roll 14 and 16 along with plate 12.Equipment 10 can produce uniform zone of transition.The movement of roll 14 and/or 16 can by computer software control, and described computer software is compiled into and produces specific thickness profile or profile in the plate 12, maybe can have the algorithm preserved for producing various thickness profile in the plate 12.
Plate 12 can be cut into blank 24 in the downstream of roll 14 and 16.As shown in Figure 1, relative cutter 22 can perform this cutting.But, any applicable method can be used so that plate 12 is cut into blank 24, such as drift (punch) and master mold (die).In certain embodiments, be not that plate 12 is cut into blank 24, but the plate 12 wound into a roll 26 length along it with different thickness is for following process.
Previously, the thick rolling of the difference of aluminium sheet had been limited to the material only needing annealing before follow-up forming technology.Such as, 5xxx series alloys by batch annealing after the thick rolling of difference, then can be stamped.But as discussed above, 6xxx and 7xxx series alloys needed solution heat treatment and quenching before they can be formed to high strength assembly.Produce in the industry (such as automotive industry) of high yield under acceptable cost at needs, solution heat treatment for age-hardened Al-alloy uses continuous annealing and solution heat treatment furnace (such as, CASH) implement, then quench.But because CASH can not change by the middle plate thickness existed of the thick rolling blank of allowance (TRB, tailored rolled blank), institute can not use in this way together with the thick rolling of difference.The stove used in CASH process is formed at for running under the specified temp of predetermined plate thickness, time and/or speed.Therefore, CASH process can not allow the plate thickness change produced in TRB treating processes.The part thicker compared with the goal-setting of stove of TRB can accept not enough thermal treatment, and thinner part can accept too much thermal treatment.Any one in too much or not enough thermal treatment can cause unacceptable microtexture in plate or performance.Therefore, traditional method can not be used to perform the thick rolling of difference with high yield to aldural (such as, 6xxx and 7xxx series).In addition, the volume of 6xxx and 7xxx series aluminum is purchased performing at least certain age hardening (such as, T4 or T6 state) when usually.The volume of age hardening can not use together with the thick rolling process of difference.
Be recently developed a kind of novel method for hot pressing age-hardened Al-alloy, in the commonly assigned the 8th, 496, No. 764 United States Patent (USP), describe the method, the disclosure of this United States Patent (USP) is all comprised by reference.Use the element numbers of amendment to replicate the 8th, 496, Fig. 1 of No. 764 United States Patent (USP)s is using the Fig. 2 as the application.With reference to Fig. 2, show the system 50 for shaped blanks 52.System 50 can comprise heating installation 54, transfer device 56 and set of molds 58.In at least one embodiment, blank 52 is 6xxx or the 7xxx series alloys blank 52 of O state or F state.
Heating installation 54 is for heating blank 52.Heating installation 54 can be industrial furnace or baking oven, and it can produce sufficiently high internal temperature the blank be placed in heating installation 54 52 to be heated to the preset temperature of the solid solubility temperature of such as blank 52, solvus temperature or solidus temperature.Blank 52 is not heated to liquidus (fusing) temperature exceeding it by heating installation 54.Blank 52 at least can be heated to its solvus temperature or solidus temperature but lower than its liquidus temperature, is essentially solid is beneficial to process and transport but because it is easier to the blank 52 that is shaped close to liquid phase or Partial Liquid Phase to provide.
Transfer device 56 is configured to mobile and settles blank 52.Shown transfer device 56 can be the Manipulators of such as mechanical manipulator.Transfer device 56 can be configured to blank 52 to be quickly transferred to set of molds 58 to reduce the thermosteresis of blank 52 from heating installation 54.Such as, system 50 and transfer device 56 can be constructed to the temperature of blank 52 is not reduced to or lower than its critical hardening temperature.Critical hardening temperature is the temperature that quenching must start to realize the suitable quenching of material.Such as, the critical hardening temperature of most of 7xxx series alloys is roughly 400 DEG C.
Set of molds 58 is for being configured as the parts with predetermined shape by blank 52.Set of molds 58 can comprise the first mould 60, second mould 62, at least one actuator 64 and frame apparatus (staging apparatus) 66.First mould 60 and/or the second mould 62 are configured to blank 52 to be configured as the parts with predetermined shape.Actuator 64 can make the first mould 60 and/or the second mould 62 towards each other or move away from each other and provide power with shaped blanks 52.Actuator 64 can be such as hydraulic pressure, pneumatic, machinery, motor machine or their any suitable type of combination.Set of molds 58 and actuator 64 combine and also can be called as press, stamping machine or quenching press (quenching press).
Frame apparatus 66 is for be placed on blank 52 between first mould 60 and the second mould 62 and to make blank 52 separate with the first mould 60 and the second mould 62.So, frame apparatus 66 can suppress the conductive heat trnasfer between blank 52 and set of molds 58, contributes to blank 52 critical hardening temperature remaining on it or more thus.Frame apparatus 66 receives the blank 52 from transfer device 56, and is discharged by blank 52 when the first mould 60 and/or the second mould 62 close and engage blank 52.In addition, system 50 can be constructed such that blank 52 remove from heating installation 54 and set of molds 58 closed between further minimum heat losses.The temperature of blank 52 can reduce and is less than 10 DEG C.But blank 52 can stand larger temperature loss, such as, suppose that blank 52 is heated to 490 DEG C and critical hardening temperature is 415 DEG C, blank 52 can lose nearly 75 DEG C.
Set of molds 58 can comprise the cooling the pipeline 68 facilitating the quenching of the parts formed by blank 52 of facilitating the first mould 60 and/or the second mould 62.Pipeline 68 can comprise and is formed in cavity in set of molds 58 or passage, and can comprise the combination of the outside pipeline that connects and passage.Pipeline 68 can be connected to cooling source, and can receive the heat-transfer medium of such as fluid from the cooling source of the temperature for set of molds 58 being cooled to expectation.Heat-transfer medium can be any fluid medium that set of molds 58 can be cooled to predetermined temperature range (such as 1 DEG C to 30 DEG C).Set of molds 58 can be come to be cooled as follows, and described mode suppresses the formation of the condensation product on one or more surface of set of molds 58.Under the setting of scale operation, the temperature of set of molds 58 can be cooled to predetermined temperature range in shaping before hardened blank 52, to remove shaping at previous parts to be passed to set of molds 58 heat from blank 52.
Heated blank 52 is configured as parts to occur with the quenching of parts simultaneously.Quench rates affects final tempering intensity and the corrosive nature of material.In certain embodiments, along with aluminium alloy is transformed into 290 DEG C by 400 DEG C, its quench rates can be equal to or greater than 150 DEG C/s.Before parts remove from set of molds 58, parts also can be cooled to the outlet temperature of 200 DEG C to 25 DEG C further, to provide dimensional stability between follow-up processing period.
System 50 can be designed to continuous operation, wherein heats some blanks 52 continuously or concurrently with one or more heating installation 54, is then transferred at least one set of molds 58 for being shaped and quenching.At least one set of molds or can become than 30 DEG C of heat at the quenching of the shaping of blank 52 and/or parts simultaneously afterwards, so can use not only a set of molds 58 to provide production rate faster.
By transfer device 56, another transfer device or with hand, parts are removed from set of molds 58.Parts then carry out following process, can comprise crimping (flanging), finishing (trimming) and natural aging and/or artificial aging, with the high strength state making aluminium alloy part reach such as T6 or T7x.
With reference to Fig. 3, shown the method 100 of the thick rolling age-hardened Al-alloy of difference by schema.Alloy is 6xxx or 7xxx series alloy, such as, and 7075 alloys.In step 102, the method starts to provide the volume of 6xxx or 7xxx series alloys plate.Volume can be the aluminium alloy (be respectively annealed or " just having produced ") of O state or F state.As discussed above, the volume of commercially available aldural is usually to a certain extent by age hardening.The volume of the 7xxx aluminium alloy of F state commercially can't buy usually.
In step 104, volume can be launched according to methods known in the art.In step 106, the plate after expansion by the thick rolling of difference, such as, can use the equipment described about Fig. 1.Plate after the thick rolling of difference can have at least two regions of different thickness, such as, can have two of different thickness, three, four, five or more regions.The thickness of the plate after expansion can reduce in some region to reach about 30%, 40%, 50% or 60%.But thickness of slab can reduce less amount (such as, 5%, 10% or 20%) or not reduce in some region at all.The thickness profile of plate or profile can based on the expected performance of the assembly that will manufacture or characteristic (such as, load, weight, security or other) pre-determine.The plate launched can have any suitable thickness before the thick operation of rolling of difference, such as, and the thickness of 1mm to 5mm.Plate after the thick rolling of difference can have from about 40% of the thickness before rolling until the region of any thickness of 100% of the thickness of rolling.Such as, the region of the plate after differing from thick rolling can have scope from 0.5mm to 5mm or be included in the thickness of any scope wherein.Such as, the thickness before rolling is that the plate of 3mm can by the thick rolling of difference to have the region of the thickness of 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm.
In step 108, the plate of the thick rolling of difference or can by wound into a roll again, or it can be cut into blank.In step 110, carry out punching press to from differing from the thick rolling blank (TRB) of difference that is that thick rolling process directly receives or that be slit into from cut roll subsequently.Punching operation can be hot-pressing processing, such as, uses the equipment described about Fig. 2.Blank can be the TRB of the 7xxx series alloys (such as, 7075) of such as O state, W state or F state.But TRB also can be the different aluminium alloy of such as 6xxx series alloy.Hot-pressing processing can comprise each TRB is at least heated to solid solubility temperature, solvus temperature or solidus temperature, is placed in set of molds by TRB, and set of molds is closed so that TRB is configured as assembly on TRB, also quenches to assembly simultaneously.Punching press also can be W state punching press process, and wherein the TRB (solution heat treatment, but non-artificial aging process) of W state is stamped.This punching press can be performed before TRB natural aging treatment becomes different state code.Such as, 6xxx alloy can have T4 state natural aging treatment 96 hours or after the longer time.Therefore, before TRB natural aging treatment 96 hours, punching press can be performed to the TRB of W state.
In step 112, by TRB age hardening to increase their intensity.Can be in the known state code of such as T4, T6 or T7x by TRB age hardening.Such as, TRB can be formed by 7xxx series alloy and is T6 state by age hardening.The standard age hardening thermal treatment for 7xxx alloy that industry is formulated comprises temperature alloy being remained on about 110 DEG C-130 DEG C and assigns more than 20 hours, about 24 hours usually.Such as, be 115 DEG C to 126 DEG C for the standard age hardening thermal treatment of 7075 aluminium and reach 24 hours to realize T6 state.Suitable age hardening thermal treatment for other known state codes is also known in the art.Selectively, the two new step age hardening process for 7xxx series alloy can be performed, described two step age hardening process are the commonly assigned, co-pending 14/055th, and be described in No. 476 U. S. applications, the disclosure of described U. S. application is all comprised by reference.This two steps age hardening process can comprise such as to be assigned about 0.2 little the first heat treatment step up to 3 hours at 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C and assigns about 0.5 little the second heat treatment step up to 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.
For realize in 6xxx alloy the standard age hardening thermal treatment of T6 state can be the temperature of about 160 DEG C to 180 DEG C assign 8 little up to 18 hours (usually, if temperature is close to the maximum of this scope, the then minimum value of scope around, vice versa).But, do not exist for by 6xxx alloy temper to the industry standard (T8 state for carry out artificial aging after material cold working is crossed) of T7 or T8 state.As the heat treated alternative method of standard age hardening for 6xxx series alloy, new age hardening process can be performed to form T7 or T8 state 6xxx series alloys, described new age hardening process is the commonly assigned, co-pending 14/189th, be described in No. 050 U. S. application, the disclosure of described U. S. application is all comprised by reference.This age hardening process can comprise such as at the temperature of 215 DEG C to 245 DEG C heat treatable alloy reach 15 minutes to 8 hours.
According to method discussed above, the thick rolling of difference of age hardening 6xxx and 7xxx series alloys can be performed.In the past, the solution heat treatment (such as, CASH) needed for age hardening of these alloys and the use of the thick rolling of quenching obstruction difference.The O state of 6xxx and 7xxx series alloy or the volume of F state can directly use in the disclosed methods, and this is extremely uncommon.Aluminium hot-pressing processing allows solution treatment and quenching Step after the thick rolling process of difference fast and effectively perform.For the TRB of steel, after the martensitic punching press process of formation, processing completes substantially.Age hardening aluminium TRB needs further step, that is, age hardening after hot-pressing.Perform age hardening by ageing treatment standard times section (such as, 24 hours), but for high yield industry (such as, automotive industry), standard age hardening process can not provide enough output.Two new step age hardening process are passed through age hardening time decreased to being less than about 8 hours to allow the output increased widely.
With only substitute compared with steel assembly with aluminium, by the aluminium alloy of the thick rolling high-strength degree of difference, the even larger weight saving of vehicle assembly can be realized.Many vehicle assemblies can benefit from comprise difference thick rolling high strength aluminium, such as, threshold, roof rail, bumper, A post, B post or C post and other.Except weight, also can improve the function of high strength aluminium assembly, cost and/or complexity.
Although described above is exemplary embodiment, these embodiments are not intended to the institute's likely form describing the disclosure.The word used in the description is descriptive word instead of restriction.When not departing from the spirit and scope required by the disclosure, change can be made to the embodiment illustrated.The feature of the embodiment illustrated capable of being combined is to form other embodiments of disclosed design.
Claims (9)
1. process a method for High-strength aluminum product material, comprise the steps:
Launch the volume of 6xxx or the 7xxx series aluminium alloy material of O state or F state;
Thick rolling is differed to this material, to form the plate along its length with the thick rolling of difference of at least two kinds of different thickness;
The plate of the thick rolling of stamping-out difference is to form the thick rolling blank of difference;
The thick rolling blank of hot pressing difference is to form assembly; And
Age hardening is carried out to described assembly.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein described volume is 7xxx series aluminium alloy material, and age hardening step comprises the yield strength heat-treating to reach at least 490MPa to described assembly.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein described volume is 6xxx series aluminium alloy material, and age hardening step comprises the yield strength heat-treating to reach at least 240MPa to described assembly.
4. the step of the method for claim 1, wherein poor thick rolling comprises and the thickness at least one region of aluminum alloy materials is decreased to many 60%.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein 6xxx or 7xxx series aluminium alloy material has the thickness of 1mm to 5mm, and the plate of the thick rolling of difference has the thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein heat-press step comprises:
The thick rolling blank of difference is heated at least its solid solubility temperature;
Thick for difference rolling blank is placed in set of molds; And
Set of molds is closed on the thick rolling blank of difference, blank is configured as assembly and quenches to described assembly.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein age hardening step comprises described component heat is processed into T6 state.
8. the method for claim 1, wherein age hardening step comprises the two-step thermal processing of described assembly, and described two-step thermal processing comprises:
First thermal treatment, assigns 0.2 little of 3 hours at 100 DEG C to 150 DEG C;
Second thermal treatment, assigns 0.5 little of 5 hours at 150 DEG C to 185 DEG C.
9. the method for claim 1, described method also comprises: by wound into a roll again for the plate of the thick rolling of difference before blanking step.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/189,179 US20150240339A1 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2014-02-25 | Tailored rolling of high strength aluminum |
| US14/189,179 | 2014-02-25 |
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| CN104862624A true CN104862624A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112708836A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-27 | 同济大学 | Aluminum alloy part, automobile comprising aluminum alloy part and preparation method of aluminum alloy part |
| WO2023169586A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Aluminum alloy cargo compartment plate, preparation method, cargo compartment, variable-cross-section carriage, and truck |
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| GB2527486A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-12-30 | Imp Innovations Ltd | A method of forming complex parts from sheet metal alloy |
| US20160030992A1 (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hot-stamping tailor-welded blanks of aluminum sheet |
| CN107267898A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 哈尔滨中飞新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of 7075 aluminium alloy homogenising treatment methods |
| CN107686954A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heat treatment method for improving 7075 aluminum alloy heat press formabilities |
| EP3894109B1 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2024-11-06 | Peter Von Czarnowski | Method and system for heat treatment of metal alloy sheet |
| CN110093536B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-01-29 | 郑州明泰实业有限公司 | 6101-T63 state aluminum alloy coiled material for battery guide plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113714285B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-08-11 | 中铝河南洛阳铝加工有限公司 | Anodic oxidation rolling mirror aluminum plate strip and preparation method thereof |
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