CN104867779A - Differential pressure switch used for fuel filter - Google Patents
Differential pressure switch used for fuel filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104867779A CN104867779A CN201510161464.5A CN201510161464A CN104867779A CN 104867779 A CN104867779 A CN 104867779A CN 201510161464 A CN201510161464 A CN 201510161464A CN 104867779 A CN104867779 A CN 104867779A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- piston
- filter
- fuel
- structure body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
- H01H35/38—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by piston and cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a differential pressure switch used for a fuel filter, consisting of a structural main body (1). The structural main body is provided with a functional element consisting of a piston (6) which is capable of axially moving and is combined with a magnet (8), so as to facilitate operation for an electronic switching device (3) arranged in a slot (4), the slot is arranged at a rear end position of the structural main body (1) according to the position of the element during application of the filter, two cavities (10) and (11) are separated by the piston (6), the cavity (10) is arranged at front part, the front part has a side conduit (12), so as to establish a communication with the part applied by the filter in which clean fuel is provided, while the cavity (11) is arranged in a back part, the back part is communicated with a conduit (13) extending to the front end of the structural main body (1), so as to be communicated with a dirty fuel part during application of the filter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fuel filter be such as arranged in fuel feeder of automobile engine, propose the pressure difference switch for described filter, its have when dirt gathers on the filter time for install and alarm activation signal interrupt simultaneously its operation favorable characteristics.
Background technology
Filter is combined in fuel feeder of automobile engine usually, and to prevent the impurity be included in fuel from arriving in duty of engine system, impurity can cause grievous injury at this.
The outlet of the fuel through these filters and entrance, pressure reduction is there is in described fuel filter, and this pressure reduction increases in time breaking down because dirt gathers on filter element, make by utilizing described situation, use the pressure switch relevant to the filter be activated when pressure reduction increases time, thus alarm activation signal changes known filter.
Similarly, for the situation of the fuel oil filter arranged relative to Diesel engine, paraffin is formed under cryogenic and they gather in the filter, hinders filter; Based on the change of fuel pressure difference between filter outlet and entrance, use pressure switch to detect paraffin build, thus activate fuel-heating system known equally.
For these functions, have the pressure switch be made up of the electrode exposed, these electrodes keep being placed among the non-filtering fuel among filter application, make described electrode be exposed to impurity among fuel, generation can affect the dirt of pressure switch function, and can affect reliability accordingly.The circuit of these pressure switches also can be closed by its main structure body, and described body comprises metal is made, and needs very expensive micro-cutting brass parts; And in addition, the use of these pressure switches is only possible for metal filter, because for economic and practical reason, metal filter can be discarded gradually, plastic material current be preferred.
Spanish Utility Model ES1047310U expired at present, consider the pressure switch used among the fuel oil filter of automotive Diesel engine, it is made of plastics and provides the reed switch relevant to the printed circuit board (PCB) in the housing in glass bulb, the magnet in the strutting piece being combined in and can moving axially is furnished with around it, high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber separate by strutting piece, dirty fuel enters into high-pressure chamber before filtration, and clean fuel enters into low-pressure chamber after filtering, make when the pressure reduction between dirty fuel chamber and clean fuel chamber increases on filter element because of dirt or paraffin build, this strutting piece carrying magnet moves, activate reed switch.This pressure switch solves stress metal switch and has the defect of pressure switch of exposed electrode, but reed switch is still arranged in pressure switch, and it is immersed among the fuel just through filter application at this.
Pressure switch solution is also known, wherein main body is made of plastics and has the reed switch relevant to the printed circuit board (PCB) of the housing of the groove being arranged in pressure switch perimeter, at pressure switch opposite position, there is the magnet be arranged in pressure switch, magnet is combined in and can moves axially pistons end place, and this piston has separated the chamber that in the chamber and filter application be in communication with the outside, filtered clean fuel enters, make when the pressure reduction between external environment condition and clean fuel chamber increases time, piston carrying magnet moves, activate reed switch.The scheme eliminates the defect in conjunction with reed switch in pressure switch, but by ambient pressure chamber and pressure switch ft connection, make the compactness of function system more complicated, and assume responsibility for water, air or other unacceptable external fluid and enter into risk among pressure switch.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the pressure difference switch for fuel filter, it has switching function, when accumulating foulants on the filter time be used for alarm activation signal, interrupt its operation, this pressure switch, relative to conventional pressure switch in same application, is improved according to favourable execution mode.
This pressure switch object of the present invention is formed by main structure body made of plastic, functional assembly is installed operate the electronic installation formed by the reed switch relevant to printed circuit board (PCB) therein, this printed circuit board (PCB) be arranged on there is seal cover groove among, sealing lid is positioned at outside, the main structure body rear end of pressure switch is positioned at according to module position in filter application, in the cell, the printed circuit board (PCB) containing reed switch is arranged in the plane perpendicular to pressure switch main shaft, the connector for outside connection towards the main structure body lateral orientation of pressure switch is connected with electronic switching device.
The functional unit of operation electronic switching device is arranged in the axial cavity in the main structure body of pressure switch, include the moved axially piston being at one end combined with magnet, groove is wherein positioned at towards electronic switching device, described piston separates two chambers by slidably water-tight pad, one of described chamber is certain partially communicating rear chamber in applying with filter, and its apoplexy involving the solid organs fuel was arranged in this part before filtering by the conduit extended from its front end along main structure body; And this part of another chamber and filter of being positioned at front part is communicated with, be wherein arranged in this part of filter by the clean fuel after the radial side conduit filtration extended.
In front chamber, be furnished with the spring axially promoting piston, make the power of described spring with enter described front chamber clean fuel pressure together with compensate the pressure of the dirty fuel entering rear chamber, piston is made to remain on the position of electronic switching device activation, make when in part wherein and clean fuel, the pressure reduction between part wherein increases because dirt gathers on filter element dirty fuel, piston moves axially towards front chamber, make when spring in its maximum tension position time, and the assembly that can move with magnet is positioned at position near electronic switching device, described device is activated, lost efficacy when having can moving time assembly removes from described electronic switching device of magnet, and its compression,metal-to-metal position got back to by spring.
Therefore this pressure switch is utilized to obtain following advantage:
-being electrically connected without the need to setting up by the main structure body of pressure switch, this transports described main structure body and is made of plastics, and this material offers the advantage manufacturing and preserve; And in addition, the pressure switch with modern plastics filter may be used.
-electronic switching device is formed by reed switch, this reed switch is arranged on the groove among the main structure body exterior section being positioned at pressure switch, make described element can not be subject to the impact of the fuel through filter application, or the impact of the dirt that may comprise before being subject to fuel filter; In addition in pressure switch, assembly and the entrance of the element among the reed switch scheme of installing in the assembly of described element and the main structure body of entrance specific pressure switch are easier.
The performance of-function shows alike with the function with the conventional pressure switch that can move axially magnet, but there is constructional device, constructional device allows to be communicated with by the dirty fuel meat of pressure switch front end area and fuel filter and clean fuel part, thus the interior arrangement in making to apply with filter couple together easier.
-allow in filter application, to use pressure switch in very little space for the sidepiece orientation of the connector of outside connection, relative broad range thus can be allowed to apply, such as, can be used in the confined space in the engine cavity of automobile.
Therefore, this pressure switch object of the present invention has favourable feature veritably, and its execution mode needs characteristic and preferred feature relative to having himself for the known pressure switch in same application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of the execution mode of pressure difference switch object of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the view from pressure switch when Fig. 1 is viewed from bottom;
Fig. 3 is front view before the correspondence of uniform pressure switch;
Fig. 4 is the amplification longitudinal cross-section view of pressure switch, shows the interior arrangement according to pressure switch of the present invention.
Embodiment
Object of the present invention relates to a kind of pressure switch, be intended in order to relevant to fuel filter in fuel feeder of automobile engine or similar application and arrange, thus when dirt gathers in the application of filter, be easy to cause its disabler, and alarm activating signal.
The pressure switch proposed comprises the main structure body 1 that plastics are made, it defines axial cavity 2 from inside, functional unit is arranged in this chamber, thus operate the electronic switching device 3 formed by reed switch, this reed switch is relevant to the printed circuit board (PCB) be arranged in groove 4, groove 4 is positioned on outside main structure body 1 rear end according to the position of assembly in filter application, and in its middle slot 4, the described printed circuit board (PCB) containing electronic switching device 3 is arranged in the plane vertical with pressure switch main shaft; Electronic switching device 3 be connected to for outside connect connector 5, and this outside connection relative to main structure body 1 longitudinal axis in upright position oriented sideways.
Main structure body 1 defines axial cavity from inside, functional unit is arranged in this chamber, for operating electronic switching device 3 under certain conditions, described functional unit comprises piston 6, piston relative to axial cavity wall by water-tight pad 7 establish slide water-tight sealing, wherein can move along described axial cavity.
Piston 6 is at one end combined with the magnet 8 facing to groove 4, and electronic switching device 3 is arranged in groove, but is supported by spring 9 at the other end of described piston 6, and piston pushes away toward described groove 4 by spring; The axial cavity of installation function assembly is divided into two chambers 10 and 11 by water-tight pad 7, and has variable volume based on moving of piston 6.
Piston 6 in the chamber 10 of front part is supported by spring 9, there is the side conduit 12 that radial direction extends to the outside of main structure body 1, and the chamber 11 that magnet 8 is positioned at rear portion is wherein communicated with the conduit 13 of the front part extending to its front end along structure master 1, wherein said conduit 13 stretches out circular passage 14.
Situation is such, when pressure switch is assembled in filter application by the front part of main structure body 1 is inserted into filter, the conduit 12 of chamber 10 with filter after this part of filter of being positioned at wherein of clean fuel be communicated with, described connection is isolated by the O shape ring 15 arranged around the front part of the main structure body 1 be inserted in filter relative to other parts of filter, includes the region that conduit 12 is stretched here between main structure body 1 and filter; But the outlet of the conduit 13 in the front part of main structure body 1 is communicated with this part of filtering the filter that front dirty fuel is positioned at wherein.
Therefore, in filter, the pressure of clean fuel acts on the chamber 10 of pressure switch, which increases the power of spring 9, makes the described power increased push piston 6 to side, but the pressure of filter apoplexy involving the solid organs fuel acts on the chamber 11 of pressure switch, pushes piston 6 to opposite side; Therefore, piston 6 respectively by interactional try hard to recommend dynamic because interactional power be equal to each other, in the position usually electronic switching device 3 that described piston 6 remains on pressure switch activated.
But, when dirt gathers in filter application, the pressure drop of clean fuel, thus reduced by the promotion of chamber 10 pairs of pistons 6 of pressure switch, make because the pressure of dirty fuel, occur compensating imbalance relative to the promotion applied by the chamber 11 of pressure switch, which results in moving axially of piston 6, and accordingly, cause the change of spacing between magnet 8 and electronic switching device 3, therefore it can lose efficacy, and trigger the alarm signal of described abnormal filter state, thus replaceable described filter, this allows to optimize under suitable operating conditions and under its application maintenance cost to use filter.In this case, when spring 9 is positioned at its maximum tension position and the moving assembly with magnet 8 is in the position near electronic switching device 3, described electronic switching device 3 is activated, when the moving assembly with magnet 8 is removed from described electronic switching device 3, and spring 9 is when arriving its compression,metal-to-metal position, electronic switching device 3 lost efficacy.
Due to the structural configuration of this pressure switch object of the present invention, the chamber 10 of pressure switch with 11 be communicated with in the front end area of the main structure body 1 being based upon pressure switch, pressure switch has the some parts of filter application, the filter application of filtered clean fuel and the front dirty fuel of filtration is arranged in this part of filter application, make easilier pressure switch to be connected to the part formed by the internal structure of fuel filter, and then realize its function.
The spring 9 promoting piston 6 is supported by the part 16 that axially can rely on from externally actuated screw 17, make the compression and correspondingly of spring 9, it is to the promotion of piston 6, can adjust by described screw 17, this permission optionally adjusts pressure switch as required, and electronic switching device 3 can be lost efficacy according to certain change of the pressure reduction in filter application between clean fuel part and dirty fuel meat.
Claims (7)
1. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter, the main structure body (1) being limited axial cavity by inside is formed, functional unit is arranged in chamber, functional unit is made up of the moved axially piston (6) separating two chambers (10) and (11), described piston (6) combines magnet (8), based on magnet positions, this permission operates the electronic switching device (3) formed by reed switch, this reed switch is relevant to the printed circuit board (PCB) be arranged in groove (4), according to filter application in assembly position and relative to the connector connected for outside (5), groove (4) is positioned at the rear end of main structure body (1), it is characterized in that, the chamber (10) that piston (6) is arranged on the front part in chamber wherein has and extends radially into main structure body (1) outside thus clean fuel is positioned at the side conduit (12) that this part is wherein connected after filtering in applying with filter, and the chamber (11) that piston (6) is arranged on the rear portion in chamber is wherein communicated with the conduit (13) extending to the front part of its front end along main structure body (1), and in front end, conduit (13) stretch out thus with apply at filter in filter before this part of being positioned at wherein of dirty fuel be communicated with.
2. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, conduit (13) is communicated with the chamber (11) of the rear portion in chamber, and the piston (6) be arranged in chamber reaches in the circular passage (14) of the fore-end of main structure body (1).
3. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piston (6) is provided with relative to the watertight seal of the slip of chamber wall, and the piston (6) be arranged in chamber separates chamber (10) and (11) by water-tight pad (7).
4. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piston (6) is axially promoted from chamber (10) by spring (9), and spring (9) can support from the part (16) externally actuated adjustment screw (17) by being axially resisted against.
5. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, conduit (12) reaches the outside of main structure body (1), be included in the region between O shape ring (15), its front part around the main structure body (1) be inserted in filter application is arranged.
6. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the printed circuit board (PCB) comprising electronic switching device (3) is arranged in the plane perpendicular to pressure switch main shaft.
7. the pressure difference switch for fuel filter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for outside connect connector (5) relative to main structure body (1) longitudinal axis in upright position oriented sideways.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201430262 | 2014-02-26 | ||
| ES201430262A ES2464217B1 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Differential pressure switch for fuel filters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104867779A true CN104867779A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
Family
ID=50779259
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510161464.5A Pending CN104867779A (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2015-02-26 | Differential pressure switch used for fuel filter |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104867779A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2464217B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108269713A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-07-10 | 宁波来回转自动化工业有限公司 | A kind of copper pressure switch alarm |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3206572A (en) * | 1962-12-26 | 1965-09-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Fluid differential pressure and magnetically operated electric switch |
| DE2412054B2 (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1978-05-03 | Aqua Butzke-Werke Ag, 1000 Berlin | Differential pressure switch fitting for liquid or gaseous media that works independently of the flow rate |
| US4368366A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1983-01-11 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pneumatically operated device with valve and switch mechanisms |
| DE3144709A1 (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-19 | Hans Sasserath & Co Kg, 4052 Korschenbroich | Flow switch |
| US4792651A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1988-12-20 | Facet Enterprises, Incorporated | Pressure differential bypass sensor switch with magnetic thermal lockout |
| US5243158A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1993-09-07 | Herion Werke Kg | Fluid operated pressure switch for controlling a switching element |
| JPH07286926A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High-withstand-pressure, low-differential-pressure switch |
| CN1116767A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1996-02-14 | 曼及胡梅尔过滤器工厂有限公司 | Pressure differential switch and/or pressure differential indicator in which servo piston is controlled by offsetting spring |
| GB2297161B (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1998-09-23 | Pall Corp | Differential pressure indicators |
| CN201041786Y (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-26 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院 | Pressure difference switch |
| CN101989512A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-23 | Smc株式会社 | Pressure switch |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS593014B2 (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1984-01-21 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Pressure detection switch device |
| ES1047310Y (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2001-08-16 | Zertan Sa | PERFECTED SWITCH PRESSURE. |
| JP5311568B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2013-10-09 | 独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | Bellows type differential pressure switch and pressure detection system |
| JP5164010B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2013-03-13 | 独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | Pressure detection system |
-
2014
- 2014-02-26 ES ES201430262A patent/ES2464217B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-02-26 CN CN201510161464.5A patent/CN104867779A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3206572A (en) * | 1962-12-26 | 1965-09-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Fluid differential pressure and magnetically operated electric switch |
| DE2412054B2 (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1978-05-03 | Aqua Butzke-Werke Ag, 1000 Berlin | Differential pressure switch fitting for liquid or gaseous media that works independently of the flow rate |
| US4368366A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1983-01-11 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pneumatically operated device with valve and switch mechanisms |
| DE3144709A1 (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-19 | Hans Sasserath & Co Kg, 4052 Korschenbroich | Flow switch |
| US4792651A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1988-12-20 | Facet Enterprises, Incorporated | Pressure differential bypass sensor switch with magnetic thermal lockout |
| US5243158A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1993-09-07 | Herion Werke Kg | Fluid operated pressure switch for controlling a switching element |
| CN1116767A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1996-02-14 | 曼及胡梅尔过滤器工厂有限公司 | Pressure differential switch and/or pressure differential indicator in which servo piston is controlled by offsetting spring |
| JPH07286926A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High-withstand-pressure, low-differential-pressure switch |
| GB2297161B (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1998-09-23 | Pall Corp | Differential pressure indicators |
| CN201041786Y (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-26 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院 | Pressure difference switch |
| CN101989512A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-03-23 | Smc株式会社 | Pressure switch |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108269713A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-07-10 | 宁波来回转自动化工业有限公司 | A kind of copper pressure switch alarm |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2464217B1 (en) | 2015-01-16 |
| ES2464217A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10391830B2 (en) | Integrated air-supply unit | |
| CN104024622B (en) | Air filter | |
| CN102821824B (en) | Cyclone separator | |
| WO2009000247A3 (en) | Fuel filter with filter recognition | |
| US10113516B2 (en) | Extended gasket profile | |
| WO2009019283A3 (en) | Combination filter arrangement | |
| CN103977639A (en) | Housing, device for separating liquid from air, and method for mounting the housing on a connector | |
| CN106351711B (en) | A kind of oil sump assembly for engine structure | |
| MX2009009068A (en) | Air dryer with pre-filter. | |
| WO2009071527A3 (en) | Integrated pressure and level sensor of a cooling fluid and engine comprising said sensor | |
| CN104867779A (en) | Differential pressure switch used for fuel filter | |
| KR101626991B1 (en) | Filter device | |
| RU2008131457A (en) | A VACUUM CLEANER | |
| WO2008011317A2 (en) | Differential pressure indicator and method of manufacture | |
| JP7461939B2 (en) | Fuel Filter | |
| CN203742862U (en) | Filter assembly for internal combustion engine | |
| KR100911511B1 (en) | A blow-over prevention structure for a vehicle engine's Closed Crankcase Ventilation | |
| CN220769572U (en) | Oil-gas separator | |
| CN202520447U (en) | Diesel filter with water discharging valve | |
| CN104895717A (en) | Fuel oil high pressure connecting pipe device with filter | |
| CN112443437B (en) | Fuel filter | |
| CN101279782A (en) | Electrolyzed water generator | |
| CN106662037B (en) | The method of valve mechanism cover and manufacture valve mechanism cover | |
| ATE347430T1 (en) | OIL FILTER ARRANGEMENT | |
| CN105784092A (en) | Vibration Receiver Used For Receiving Vibration Of Component Causing Vibration |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150826 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |