CN104854998B - Rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method - Google Patents
Rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104854998B CN104854998B CN201510197751.1A CN201510197751A CN104854998B CN 104854998 B CN104854998 B CN 104854998B CN 201510197751 A CN201510197751 A CN 201510197751A CN 104854998 B CN104854998 B CN 104854998B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method, the method is as follows: directly-seeded same-year rhizoma bletillae seedlings are dug out during seedling-laying in autumn, dry and wilted overground stem and leaf parts of the rhizoma bletillae seedlings are cut off, the old substrate on the bulb is removed, then the bulb is air-dried, the bulb is put into an accelerating germination substrate for accelerating germination, wherein the accelerating germination substrate is obtained by mixing sands, an organic fertilizer, carbendazim and plant ash, and then spraying 6-benzyl amino purine; during the middle and last ten-day of march in the next year, when the outdoor temperature reaches 15-18 DEG C, and rhizoma bletillae bulbs on which 2-3 new buds with the bud lengthen of 1-2 cm are selected and germinated are fixedly-planted in a large field. The rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method is simple and low in cost, not only can overcome the shortcomings that the directly-seeded bulb in the prior art is difficult to save and susceptible to plant diseases and insects, the bulb germination time can be brought forward for 20-30 days, large field fix planting time of the directly-seeded seedling bulb can be brought forward, the rhizoma bletillae bulb winner accelerating germination method is suitable for winter accelerating germination of the directly-seeded rhizoma bletillae seedlings, can meet the needs of large area and large-scale winter accelerating germination, and has production and economic dual significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal plant artificial planting technique field is and in particular to the winter of the live seedling of Endangered Medicinal Herb bletilla
Season germination accelerating method.
Background technology
Bletilla (Bletilla striata) belongs to herbaceos perennial for orchid family bletilla, for national 2 grades of endangered plants, master
It is distributed in the areas such as Zhejiang on the south China Qinling Mountains, Jiangxi, Hubei, Southern Shaanxi.Its warm, moistening and half-dried soil of happiness,
In typically evergreen broad-leaved sylvan lifes being born in 100～3200 meters of height above sea level, roadside thick grass or rock seam more.
《2010 editions pharmacopeia》Bletilla is included and is used as medicine.Bletilla is medicinal with dry tuber, have astringing to arrest bleeding, clearing heat and promoting diuresis,
The effect of detumescence and promoting granulation, clinically it is widely used in the illnesss such as treatment hemoptysis, haematemesis, traumatism and bleeding, wound healing, has very big
Commodity development potentiality.
According to investigations, the annual fresh goods amount needing in domestic market is more than 6000 tons, and the existing market amount of being available for is less than 2000 tons,
And mainly by wild resource supply, and bletilla growth cycle just can harvest for general 3～5 years, therefore, the present situation of its shortage of resources is short
Will not change in phase.
Bletilla, during live, can be grown to diameter 1～more than 2cm in autumn bulb then, to doing kind of a bulb tradition
To preserve be that fine sand of being nuzzled is preserved winter, but during Sha Zang, bletilla bulb can fungal infection, infection evil
Worm, the loss thus resulting in every year accounts for more than the 20% of bulb total amount, when Second Year spring carrying out Field planting, the husky ball hidden
Stem only has part to germinate, and bud length is shorter to be only 0.5～1.0cm, therefore greatly have impact on the growth of spring bletilla.For
Bletilla produced problem, find out one kind bulb can be overcome in the winter time to go mouldy, snake, and the vernalization side of bulb advance germination can be made
Method is extremely necessary.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome existing live bletilla bulb winter to be difficult to preserve, susceptible catch an illness
Insect pest, slow shortcoming of germinateing, provide a kind of winter germination accelerating method for bletilla bulb.
The technical scheme that solution above-mentioned technical problem is adopted is made up of following step：
1st, the process of live seedling bulb
By live bletilla seedling then, the last when of falling seedling, digs out in the fall, cuts off its withered ground leaves and stems and divides, removes ball
Old matrix above stem, bulb is dried.
2nd, prepare vernalization matrix
Sand and fertilizer, carbendazim, plant ash are 1 according to volume ratio:2～4:0.002～0.005:0.2～0.5
Mix, spray the 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution so as to humidity is maintained at 40%～60%, obtain vernalization matrix.
3rd, bulb dress basket
Spread the thick vernalization matrix of 3～6cm in Turnround basket bottom, in vernalization matrix, the spacing according to 2～4cm puts step
1 dry after bletilla bulb, cover above the thick vernalization matrix of 3～6cm after setting, continue to put bletilla bulb, so repeat
Operation, one layer of bletilla bulb of one layer of vernalization matrix, topmost the thick vernalization matrix of 3～5cm is covered on one layer of bletilla bulb, until
Turnround basket is filled, then covers last layer mulch film.
4th, winter management
Turnround basket is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 30～50cm, with sunshade net, whole Turnround basket is all covered
Cover, keep temperature in hot house to be 10～15 DEG C, humidity is 40%～60%, every ventilation in 2～3 days once, ventilation 2 every time
～3 hours, spray water 1 time toward on sunshade net weekly.
5th, take off net to process
In Second Year mid or late March, when outside air temperature reaches 15～18 DEG C, open sunshade net and mulch film, by Turnround basket
It is placed under the outdoor sun and dries in the air 2 days, select 2～3 sproutings of sprouting and the bletilla bulb of a length of 1～2cm of bud is colonized in big Tanaka.
In above-mentioned steps 2, it is 1 preferably by sand and fertilizer, carbendazim, plant ash according to volume ratio:3:0.003:0.4
Mix, spray the 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution so as to humidity is maintained at 50%～60%, obtain vernalization matrix.
In above-mentioned steps 2, the concentration of the described 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution is 1.0 × 10-6～2.0 × 10-6mol/L.
In above-mentioned steps 4, for save space, further preferred Turnround basket is according to the spacing of 30～50cm, mounted on top 3
～6 layers are placed in hot house.
The inventive method is simple, with low cost, and it not only can overcome existing live bletilla bulb winter to be difficult to protect
Deposit, the shortcoming of easy infection pest and disease damage, can also be by bulb sprout time 20～30 days in advance, can be by live seedling on producing
Bulb in coming year Field planting time advance, the winter vernalization of the live seedling of suitable bletilla, large area can be met, scale winter urges
The needs of bud, have the double meaning producing with economically.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the photo that in embodiment 1, the vernalization of bletilla bulb plants 135 days.
Fig. 2 is the photo that in embodiment 2, the vernalization of bletilla bulb plants 135 days.
Fig. 3 is the photo that in embodiment 3, the vernalization of bletilla bulb plants 135 days.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to
These embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1st, the process of live seedling bulb
Spring in 2014 bletilla seedling live in hot house, in by the end of October, 2014, bletilla occurred at the beginning of 11 months fall seedling
Phenomenon (bletilla aerial part dries up, comes off), bletilla seedling is dug out, and deducts its withered ground leaves and stems with scissors and divides, uses hand
After gently the old matrix above bulb being removed, bulb was dried in the air in plastics oilcloths upper 72 hour, makes bulb dry tack free.
2nd, prepare vernalization matrix
By sand and fertilizer (biological organic fertilizer being provided by Xi'an strong biological organic fertilizer company), carbendazim, grass
Wood ash is 1 according to volume ratio:3:0.003:0.4 mixes, and sprays 1.0 × 10-6The mol/L 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution, makes
Its humidity is maintained at 50% about, obtains vernalization matrix.
3rd, bulb dress basket
In black plastic Turnround basket, (specification is：530mm × 360mm × 175mm, moulding industry by City of Taizhou Fu Fu has
Limit company provides) bottom spreads the thick vernalization matrix of 5cm, vernalization matrix is put white after step 1 is dried according to the spacing of 2cm
And bulb, set and above rear bletilla bulb, cover the thick vernalization matrix of 5cm again, continue to put bletilla bulb, repeat operation,
One layer of bletilla bulb of one layer of vernalization matrix, topmost covers the thick vernalization matrix of 3～5cm on one layer of bletilla bulb, until turnover
Basket is filled, then covers last layer mulch film.
4th, winter management
Turnround basket is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 40cm, for save space, Turnround basket mounted on top 5
Then whole Turnround basket is all covered by layer with double-layered sunshade net, keeps temperature in hot house to be 10～15 DEG C, humidity is
50% about, opened ventilation equipment every 3 days and divulge information once, ventilation 2 hours, are sprayed with atomizer weekly toward on sunshade net every time
Water 1 time, being sprayed onto double-layered sunshade net and drenching just has had water droplet to drip to be advisable.
5th, take off net to process
In Second Year mid or late March, when outside air temperature reaches 15～18 DEG C, open sunshade net and mulch film, now chrysanthemum
Bletilla bulb all sprouts sprouting, Turnround basket is placed under the outdoor sun and dries in the air 2 days, selects 2～3 sproutings of sprouting and bud is a length of
The bletilla bulb of 1～2cm according to line-spacing be 50cm, spacing in the rows be 40cm, depth be that matrix covering bletilla surface 1cm is advisable and is colonized in
Big Tanaka.
As seen from Figure 1, after the vernalization of bletilla bulb is planted 135 days, bulb sprouts effect preferably, sprouts neat, and substantially
On all grown more than 2 true leaves, robust plant.
Embodiment 2
1st, the process of live seedling bulb
Spring in 2014 bletilla seedling live in hot house, in by the end of October, 2014, bletilla occurred at the beginning of 11 months fall seedling
Phenomenon (bletilla aerial part dries up, comes off), bletilla seedling is dug out, and deducts its withered ground leaves and stems with scissors and divides, uses hand
After gently the old matrix above bulb being removed, bulb was dried in the air in plastics oilcloths upper 72 hour, makes bulb dry tack free.
2nd, prepare vernalization matrix
By sand and fertilizer (biological organic fertilizer being provided by Xi'an strong biological organic fertilizer company), carbendazim, grass
Wood ash is 1 according to volume ratio:2:0.002:0.2 mixes, and sprays 1.5 × 10-6The mol/L 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution, makes
Its humidity is maintained at 50% about, obtains vernalization matrix.
3rd, bulb dress basket
In black plastic Turnround basket, (specification is：530mm × 360mm × 175mm, moulding industry by City of Taizhou Fu Fu has
Limit company provides) bottom spreads the thick vernalization matrix of 3cm, vernalization matrix is put white after step 1 is dried according to the spacing of 4cm
And bulb, set and above rear bletilla bulb, cover the thick vernalization matrix of 3cm again, continue to put bletilla bulb, repeat operation,
One layer of bletilla bulb of one layer of vernalization matrix, topmost covers the thick vernalization matrix of 3～5cm on one layer of bletilla bulb, until turnover
Basket is filled, then covers last layer mulch film.
4th, winter management
Turnround basket is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 30cm, for save space, Turnround basket mounted on top 3
Then whole Turnround basket is all covered by layer with double-layered sunshade net, keeps temperature in hot house to be 10～15 DEG C, humidity is
50% about, opened ventilation equipment every 2 days and divulge information once, ventilation 3 hours, are sprayed with atomizer weekly toward on sunshade net every time
Water 1 time, being sprayed onto double-layered sunshade net and drenching just has had water droplet to drip to be advisable.
5th, take off net to process
In Second Year mid or late March, when outside air temperature reaches 15～18 DEG C, open sunshade net and mulch film, now chrysanthemum
Bletilla bulb all sprouts sprouting, Turnround basket is placed under the outdoor sun and dries in the air 2 days, selects 2～3 sproutings of sprouting and bud is a length of
The bletilla bulb of 1～2cm according to line-spacing be 50cm, spacing in the rows be 40cm, depth be that matrix covering bletilla surface 1cm is advisable and is colonized in
Big Tanaka.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that after bletilla bulb vernalization is planted 135 days, bulb integrally all sprouts, bulb sprouts relatively neatly, bud
It is about 1cm, robust plant.
Embodiment 3
1st, the process of live seedling bulb
Spring in 2014 bletilla seedling live in hot house, in by the end of October, 2014, bletilla occurred at the beginning of 11 months fall seedling
Phenomenon (bletilla aerial part dries up, comes off), bletilla seedling is dug out, and deducts its withered ground leaves and stems with scissors and divides, uses hand
After gently the old matrix above bulb being removed, bulb was dried in the air in plastics oilcloths upper 72 hour, makes bulb dry tack free.
2nd, prepare vernalization matrix
By sand and fertilizer (biological organic fertilizer being provided by Xi'an strong biological organic fertilizer company), carbendazim, grass
Wood ash is 1 according to volume ratio:4:0.005:0.5 mixes, and sprays 2.0 × 10-6The mol/L 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution, makes
Its humidity is maintained at 50% about, obtains vernalization matrix.
3rd, bulb dress basket
In black plastic Turnround basket, (specification is：530mm × 360mm × 175mm, moulding industry by City of Taizhou Fu Fu has
Limit company provides) bottom spreads the thick vernalization matrix of 6cm, vernalization matrix is put white after step 1 is dried according to the spacing of 2cm
And bulb, set and above rear bletilla bulb, cover the thick vernalization matrix of 6cm again, continue to put bletilla bulb, repeat operation,
One layer of bletilla bulb of one layer of vernalization matrix, topmost covers the thick vernalization matrix of 3～5cm on one layer of bletilla bulb, until turnover
Basket is filled, then covers last layer mulch film.
4th, winter management
Turnround basket is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 50cm, for save space, Turnround basket mounted on top 6
Then whole Turnround basket is all covered by layer with double-layered sunshade net, keeps temperature in hot house to be 10～15 DEG C, humidity is
50% about, opened ventilation equipment every 3 days and divulge information once, ventilation 2 hours, are sprayed with atomizer weekly toward on sunshade net every time
Water 1 time, being sprayed onto double-layered sunshade net and drenching just has had water droplet to drip to be advisable.
5th, take off net to process
In Second Year mid or late March, when outside air temperature reaches 15～18 DEG C, open sunshade net and mulch film, now chrysanthemum
Bletilla bulb all sprouts sprouting, Turnround basket is placed under the outdoor sun and dries in the air 2 days, selects 2～3 sproutings of sprouting and bud is a length of
The bletilla bulb of 1～2cm according to line-spacing be 50cm, spacing in the rows be 40cm, depth be that matrix covering bletilla surface 1cm is advisable and is colonized in
Big Tanaka.
As seen from Figure 3, after the vernalization of bletilla bulb is planted 135 days, bulb sprouts effect preferably, sprouts neat, and part
More than 1 true leaf, robust plant are grown.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bletilla bulb winter germination accelerating method is it is characterised in that it is made up of following step：
(1) process of live seedling bulb
By live bletilla seedling then, the last when of falling seedling, digs out in the fall, cuts off its withered ground leaves and stems and divides, removes on bulb
The old matrix in face, bulb is dried；
(2) prepare vernalization matrix
Sand and fertilizer, carbendazim, plant ash are 1 according to volume ratio:2～4:0.002～0.005:0.2～0.5 mixing
Uniformly, spray the 6-benzyl aminopurine aqueous solution so as to humidity is maintained at 40%～60%, obtain vernalization matrix；
(3) bulb dress basket
Spread the thick vernalization matrix of 3～6cm in Turnround basket bottom, vernalization matrix puts step (1) according to the spacing of 2～4cm
Bletilla bulb after drying, covers the thick vernalization matrix of 3～6cm above after setting, continues to put bletilla bulb, so repeats to grasp
Make, one layer of bletilla bulb of one layer of vernalization matrix, topmost the thick vernalization matrix of 3～5cm is covered on one layer of bletilla bulb, until week
Turn basket to fill, then cover last layer mulch film；
(4) winter management
Turnround basket is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 30～50cm, with sunshade net, whole Turnround basket is all covered,
Temperature in hot house is kept to be 10～15 DEG C, humidity is 40%～60%, every ventilation in 2～3 days once, ventilation 2～3 every time
Hour, spray water 1 time toward on sunshade net weekly；
(5) take off net to process
In Second Year mid or late March, when outside air temperature reaches 15～18 DEG C, open sunshade net and mulch film, Turnround basket is placed on
Dry in the air under the outdoor sun 2 days, select 2～3 sproutings of sprouting and the bletilla bulb of a length of 1～2cm of bud is colonized in big Tanaka.
2. bletilla bulb winter germination accelerating method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：In described step (2), by sand
It is 1 with fertilizer, carbendazim, plant ash according to volume ratio:3:0.003:0.4 mixes, and sprays 6-benzyl aminopurine water-soluble
Liquid, so as to humidity is maintained at 50%～60%, obtains vernalization matrix.
3. bletilla bulb winter germination accelerating method according to claim 1 and 2 it is characterised in that：In described step (2), 6-
The concentration of the benayl aminopurine aqueous solution is 1.0 × 10-6～2.0 × 10-6mol/L.
4. bletilla bulb winter germination accelerating method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：In described step (4), Turnround basket
It is placed in hot house according to the spacing of 30～50cm, 3～6 layers of mounted on top.
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| CN103404266B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-07-23 | 陕西师范大学 | Propagation method of bletilla striata |
| CN103749032B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-08 | 陕西师范大学 | Bletilla striata germination accelerating method |
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