CN104812721A - Insulating construction materials with a base of vegetal additions - Google Patents
Insulating construction materials with a base of vegetal additions Download PDFInfo
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- CN104812721A CN104812721A CN201380058197.8A CN201380058197A CN104812721A CN 104812721 A CN104812721 A CN 104812721A CN 201380058197 A CN201380058197 A CN 201380058197A CN 104812721 A CN104812721 A CN 104812721A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an insulating construction material with low thermal conductivity comprising vegetal additions, as well as to a process for preparation and to uses of such a material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of insulation material of construction comprising plant additive with lower thermal conductivity, and relate to the preparation method of this material and the purposes of this material.This material can be intended to the element of the structure of production scene casting, pre-cast structure or the pre-cast structure for buildings and public works structure.
Background technology
(such as hemp is for the production of Chanvribloc to use plant additive to mix in lime based adhesive matrix
tMbuilding block) to produce be known method for the building block of building by laying bricks or stones.
But, the setting time that the material require of this type is grown very much, for hemp sill situation be several weeks.In addition, plant additive often the solidifying of retained water hydraulic binding agent, postpones solidifying of portland cement especially.
Therefore, the problem that the present invention attempts solving proposes a kind of type material comprising plant additive, and its setting time is several little of several days.
Summary of the invention
Surprisingly, contriver has demonstrated and the Tricationic mixed with plant additive can be used to obtain the material with lower thermal conductivity.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of insulation material of construction comprising plant additive and Tricationic with lower thermal conductivity.
Material according to the invention has one or more following features:
-advantageously, material according to the invention can in-site pouring on-site, or transports in transport mixer in the preparation of concrete batching factory;
-advantageously, material according to the invention can be prepared to produce Constracture unit in pre-casting factory;
-advantageously, material according to the invention can be hardened in several hours, and hardened in several days at most;
-advantageously, material according to the invention 23 DEG C and 50% relative humidity under there is the thermal conductivity being less than 0.3W/ (m.K);
-advantageously, the enough rigidity of material according to the invention are at least to support himself weight;
-advantageously, the material through sclerosis according to the present invention has low density in the dry state, and it is 150kg/m
3to 1000kg/m
3, be preferably 450kg/m
3to 750kg/m
3; Drying regime is understood to have constant quality usually, and it have passed through time enough usually in an oven.
-advantageously, biomass are mixed in material according to the invention, make it store CO thus
2and reduce the CO of material
2impact,
-advantageously, material according to the invention uses plant additive.These plant additives are reproducible plant.
The present invention relates to a kind of material, when through sclerosis described material in the dry state time there is 150 to 1000kg/m
3density, described material comprises:
-hydraulic binder;
-from the plant additive of yearly plant, the mass ratio of dry plant additive/hydraulic binder is 0.05 to 2;
Tricationic/kg dried plant the additive of-0.01 to 1.2 equivalent mole, described Tricationic is from the source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium;
The pore forming material of-0.001 to 2%, per-cent is with the quality representation relative to binding agent quality; And
-water, water/binding agent mass ratio is 0.3 to 2.5.
Material according to the invention comprises hydraulic binder, the source of Tricationic of water soluble medium, plant additive, pore forming material, water, the setting accelerator of optional liquid agent and optional hydraulic binder.
Hydraulic binder is solidified by hydration and the material hardened.Preferably, hydraulic binder is portland cement or comprises portland cement.
The hydraulic binder of material according to the invention can be selected from portland cement,
cement, vitriol luminite cement, aluminous cement, the cement deriving from the grog described in patent application WO 2006/018569, the water lime, aerating lime, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrous calciumsulphate and their mixture.
The hydraulic binder of material according to the invention can comprise cement.
The cement be applicable to for material according to the invention is preferably the cement according to the European NF EN 197-1 standard to describe in February calendar year 2001.The cement be applicable to for material according to the invention can be the cement of CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV or CEM V type.
Preferably, the cement be applicable to for material according to the invention is selected from cement as Types Below:
-CEM I or CEM II, optionally mixes with mineral additive, or
-CEM III, CEM IV or CEM V.
The hydraulic binder be applicable to preferably for material according to the invention is Portland CEM II or III cement, is used alone or is combined with other cement, such as according to February calendar year 2001 NF EN 197-1 standard to describe those.
According to variant of the present invention, the hydraulic binder of material according to the invention comprises the cement of at least one CEM I or CEM II type, combines with the additive of slag and/or flying dust and/or silicon ash and/or pozzolanic material and/or metakaolin.These hydraulic binders can replace CEM II/A, CEM II/B, CEM III/A, CEM III/B, CEM III/C, CEM IV/A, the cement of CEM IV/B, CEM V/A or CEM V/B type and slag and/or the blended binding agent of flying dust.
The hydraulic binder be applicable to for material according to the invention can be aluminous cement.Usual cement comprises C
4a
3$, CA, C
12a
7, C
3a or C
11a
7caF
2mineral facies or their mixture, such as
cement, vitriol luminite cement, according to the aluminous cement of in December, 2006 Europe NF EN 14647 standard, derive from the grog described in patent application WO 2006/018569 cement, derive from the cement of the grog described in patent application WO 2013/023731 and derive from the cement of the grog described in patent application WO 2013/023729 or their mixture.
The hydraulic binder be applicable to for material according to the invention can be selected from
cement, vitriol luminite cement, aluminous cement and their mixture.
Can be ettringite, cement according to applicable hydraulic binder of the present invention, such as, be added with the vitriol luminite cement of calcium sulfate or be added with the aluminous cement of calcium sulfate.
According to the water lime, aerating lime that applicable hydraulic binder of the present invention can be independent, or their mixture.
The cement be applicable to for material according to the invention is preferably thin cement or superfine cement.Preferably, the cement be applicable to for material according to the invention has and is more than or equal to 3300cm
2/ g, is more preferably more than or equal to 3500cm
2/ g, is also preferably more than or equals 3800cm
2the Blaine specific surface area of/g.Preferably, the cement be applicable to for material according to the invention has 3300cm
2/ g to 9000cm
2/ g, more preferably 3500cm
2/ g to 7000cm
2/ g, also more preferably 3500cm
2/ g to 6000cm
2the Blaine specific surface area of/g.
Material according to the invention uses the source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium to produce.
Material according to the invention comprises the Tricationic/kg dried plant additive in the source of the Tricationic from water soluble medium of 0.01 to 1.2 equivalent mole.Preferably, material according to the invention comprises 0.1 to 1.2, more preferably Tricationic/kg dried plant the additive in the source of the Tricationic from water soluble medium of 0.3 to 1 equivalent mole.
The source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium can be selected from one or more soluble salt.
The source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium can be selected from molysite or aluminium salt or their mixture.
When the source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium is the molysite of water soluble medium, it can be nitrous acid iron (III), iron nitrate (III), iron(ic) chloride (III), ferric sulfate (III), nitrous acid iron (II), iron nitrate (II), iron(ic) chloride (II), ferric sulfate (II) or their mixture.
When the source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium is the aluminium salt of water soluble medium, it can be nitrous acid aluminium, aluminum nitrate, aluminium hydroxide, Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride, or their mixture.
According to variant, material according to the invention comprises the aluminium salt being mixed with calcium sulfate, particularly mixes the aluminium salt of anhydrous calciumsulphate.
These salt can be used as the pre-treatment of plant additive especially.
Material according to the invention optionally can comprise the setting accelerator of hydraulic binder, is 0.01 to 5% especially relative to the mass percent of setting accelerator described in hydraulic binder.
The setting accelerator of the hydraulic binder in material according to the invention can be selected from anhydrous calciumsulphate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, calcium nitrite, nitrocalcite, SODIUMNITRATE, Quilonum Retard, lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrite, lithium nitrate, Lithium Sulphate and their mixture.
Material according to the invention optionally can comprise mineral additive.
The mineral additive be applicable to is generally the material that may be used for Some substitute cement.
The mineral additive be applicable to for material according to the invention can be selected from pozzolanic material, silicon ash, slag, calcining shale, the material containing calcium carbonate, siliceous additive, flying dust, zeolite, the ash deriving from burning plants, calcined clay and their mixture.
For applicable mineral additive according to the present invention can be pozzolanic material (such as, as in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001 define, paragraph 5.2.3), silicon ash (such as, as in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001 define, paragraph 5.2.7), slag (such as, as in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001 define, paragraph 5.2.2), calcining shale (such as, as in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001 define, paragraph 5.2.5), (such as Wingdale (such as material containing calcium carbonate, as in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001 define, paragraph 5.2.6)), siliceous additive (such as, as in the French NF P 18-509 standard in December, 1998 define, paragraph 5), flying dust (such as, as described in the European NF EN 197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001, paragraph 5.2.4), or their mixture.
The mineral additive used according to the present invention also can be the ash from burning plants, such as, from the ash of rice bran burning.
The mineral additive used according to the present invention also can be zeolite.
Flying dust is generally the dust particle in the smog in the fuel-burning power plant being contained in personal coal charging.It is reclaimed by electrostatic precipitation or machinery precipitation usually.
The chemical constitution of flying dust depends primarily on the chemical constitution of unburned carbon and technique used in depending on its fuel-burning power plant of originating.Identical factor is also depended in its mineral composition.Can be siliceous according to the character of the present invention's flying dust used or for calcic.
Preferably, flying dust used according to the present invention is selected from the flying dust described in European NF EN197-1 standard in February calendar year 2001.
Slag obtains by cooling rapidly the slag of the melting that the iron ore that melts from blast furnace obtains usually.
The slag used according to the present invention can be selected from the granular blast-furnace slag of the EN 197-1 standard paragraph 5.2.2 according to February calendar year 2001.
The silicon ash used according to the present invention can for the material obtained by using the coal very pure quartz of reduction in the electric arc furnace for the production of silicon and ferro-silicon.Silicon ash generally includes the spheroidal particle of the amorphous silica comprising at least 85 quality %.
Preferably, silicon ash used according to the present invention can be selected from the silicon ash according to the EN197-1 standard paragraph 5.2.7 in February calendar year 2001.
The pozzolanic material used according to the present invention can be natural silicon-containing material and/or sal material or their combination.Natural volcanic ash is the example of pozzolanic material.Natural volcanic ash is generally and comes from the material in volcano or the material of sedimentogeneous rock; The natural volcanic ash of calcining is come from the material in volcano, clay, shale or hot activation sedimentogeneous rock.The pozzolanic material used according to the present invention can be selected from float stone, tuff, volcanic cinder or their mixture.
Preferably, pozzolanic material used according to the present invention can be selected from the pozzolanic material according to EN 197-1 standard paragraph 5.2.3 in February calendar year 2001.
Preferably, can for the material containing calcium carbonate according to the present invention's mineral additive used, such as, Wingdale and/or flying dust and/or silicon ash.
Preferably, mineral additive used according to the present invention can be siliceous fine-grained powder and/or limestone filler.
The calcined clay used according to the present invention can derive from the calcining, particularly kaolin of clay, and is combined with the different minerals (phyllosilicate, quartz, ferriferous oxide) of the different ratios depending on deposition.They can in the productive unit with rotary kiln, flat-top kiln (plateaux kilns) or by calcining then grinding or then be calcined by grinding and be obtained, or such as obtains by being called as calcining that " fast " calcine.They are made up of the particle of amorphous silicic aluminium substantially.
Preferably, calcined clay used according to the present invention can be selected from the metakaolin of the tentative programme of the PRNF P 18-513 standard in December, 2011.
The plant additive coming from yearly plant is used to carry out production material according to the invention.Yearly plant is generally the plant in a season of only surviving, and it germinateed in 1 year, growth and mortality.They are different from perennial plant.The all or part of of yearly plant can be used as according to plant additive of the present invention (seed, stem, leaf).Yearly plant is understood to include 2 years raw plants or short-life-cycle plant usually.
The plant additive be applicable to for material according to the invention is the solid material coming from plant or the plant refuse through grinding.Preferably, plant additive is not the liquid extract of plant or propolis.Plant additive can be vegetable fibre.
The plant additive be applicable to for material according to the invention can be porous and be rich in organic materials (Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen etc.), it is obtained from plant by Industrial processes (such as, tear up, crush, grind, be separated).
Example from the plant additive of yearly plant comprises the plant additive such as coming from hemp, fiber crops grass, fiber crops chaff, cornstalk, corn ear, Chinese sorghum, flax stalk, shive, Chinese silvergrass (napier grass), straw, rice husk, bagasse, millet straw, sunflower straw, mestha, coconut, olive fruit, bamboo, cork wood, poplar, wood grain (dragon spruce such as torn up), wood chip, barley straw, straw, thunder bar (rey straw), paddy straw, oat straw, Fu Niao straw (fonio straw), maize straw, reed, jute, sisal hemp, abaca, henequen, sunflower marrow, rape straw, large beanstalk, cassava stalk (manioc straw), cassava stalk, castor-oil plant, the green plant in Red sea, myosotis plant, Borrago officinalis, cosmos, Herba Tagetis Patulae, annual opium poppy, fescue and their mixture.
Preferably, the plant additive from yearly plant can be numb chaff.
Preferably, the plant additive from yearly plant can be rice bran.Rice bran derives from the threshing of rice, and this is generally used for human foods consumption.Rice bran is made up of the set of bract and lepicena, and its parcel grain also protects grain in its process of growth.
Threshing is undertaken by mechanical separation method usually, after thrashing, uses and is usually equipped with the machine of two centrifugal discs covering abrasive substance to be separated from bract and lepicena by grain.Rubber cylinder thresing machine can also be used to reduce the risk smashing the grain of rice thus with different speed of rotation.
The ratio deriving from the rice bran of rice threshing depends on the kind of rice and floats between 17 and 23% (mass percents).The product of gained has brown-beige color and hard flintiness.It demonstrates usually at 110 to 140kg/m
3between change density.The in fact anticorrosion and insect protected of rice bran.Content of cellulose accounts for 35 to 45% of quality.Almost the complete ash be made up of silicon-dioxide (silica) accounts for about 15 to 20% of rice bran quality.The content of amorphous silica accounts for 85% to 93% of the quality of ash.
The plant additive be applicable to for material according to the invention can be the form of spicule or bits, and its length changes usually between 1mm to 4cm, and its width changes between 0.5mm to 1cm, and thickness changes between 0.5mm to 0.5cm.
The plant additive be applicable to for material according to the invention can be processed, thus reduces its water-retaining capacity and the releasability of (the potential retardant for hydraulic binder) in water or in the cement medium of organic water soluble material.Different technology can be used:
-leach in the water of neutral or alkaline pH at the temperature of 20 to 100 DEG C,
-(from 80 to 220 DEG C) thermal treatment by high temperature (crosslinked or pyrolysis) or the organic water soluble material of biomass is polymerized by ionizing event or plasma treatment or UV.
Such as, treated plant additive can with compound or sprinkling, and described compound gives plant additive specific character, particularly hydrophobic property.Such as, WATER REPELLENT is carried out with carbohydrate, silicon, latex, vegetables oil, fatty alcohol, lipid acid or their mixture.Alkyl group (C2 to C30) can be bonded on the OH group of biomass by esterification and/or etherification by WATER REPELLENT.
According to variant, material according to the invention comprises the treated plant additive of at least one.According to another variant, all plant additives used according to the present invention all pass through process.
Preferably, material according to the invention comprises the plant additive/m of 10 to 1000 liters
3material.
Preferably, material according to the invention has 0.02 to 1, preferably the mass ratio of dried plant additive/binding agent of 0.1 to 1.0.Dried plant additive is understood to dry 24 hours at 105 DEG C usually.
Material according to the invention uses pore forming material to produce.
The pore forming material used according to the present invention can be selected from and be used alone or ion used in combination, negatively charged ion, nonionic, amphiphilic or both sexes pore forming material.
Following nonrestrictive example can be mentioned: alkyl ether sulfonates, hydroxyalkyl ether sulfonic acid ester, alhpa olefin sulphonate, benzene sulfonamide acid esters, alkyl ester sulfonate ester, alkyl ether sulphate, hydroxyalkyl ether sulfuric ester, alhpa olefin sulfuric ester, alkylbenzene sulfuric ester, alkylamide sulfate as ionic surface active agent, and their oxyalkylated derivative (derivative (EO) of particularly ethoxylation and/or propenoxylated derivative PO)), the salt of their correspondences or their mixture.
Following nonrestrictive example can also be mentioned: saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salt and/or their oxyalkylated derivative as ionic surface active agent, particularly (EO) and/or (PO) (such as sodium laurate, Sodium pentadecanecarboxylate or sodium stearate, or sodium oleate), the methyl laurate of α sulfonation, the sodium laurate of α sulfonation, alkyl glycerol sulphonate, the poly carboxylic acid of sulfonation, alkansulfonic acid ester, N-acyl group-N-alkyl taurine ester, alkyl phosphate, alkyl amic acid esters, monoalkyl sulfosuccinate amic acid esters or two alkyl sulfosuccinate amic acid esters, alkyl acid esters, monoalkyl sulfosuccinates or two alkyl sulfosuccinates, the vitriol of alkyl glucoside.
Following nonrestrictive example can be mentioned: the lipid acid of ethoxylation as nonionogenic tenside, oxyalkylated alkylphenol or aryl phenol (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)), the more particularly fatty alcohol of the linear or branching of C8-C22, derive from the condensation product of oxyethane or propylene oxide and propylene glycol or ethylene glycol, derive from the condensation product of oxyethane or propylene oxide and quadrol, the acid amides (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)) of oxyalkylated lipid acid, oxyalkylated amine (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)), oxyalkylated acid amides (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)), amine oxide, oxyalkylated terpene hydrocarbon (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)), alkyl polyglycoside, polymkeric substance or amphiphilic oligomer, the alcohol of ethoxylation, the ester of sorbitan or the ester of ethylating sorbitan.
Following nonrestrictive example can be mentioned: the derivative of trimethyl-glycine, tetrahydroglyoxaline, polypeptide or lipoamino acid as amphoterics.More particularly, applicable trimethyl-glycine according to the present invention can be selected from AMONYL 380LC, myrceane trimethyl-glycine, n-Hexadecane trimethyl-glycine and octadecane trimethyl-glycine, phosphatide and derivative thereof, amino acid whose ester, water soluble protein, the ester of water soluble protein and their mixture.
Following nonrestrictive example can be mentioned: alkylammonium, aryl ammonium, aminoalkyl oxide compound (such as amino-laurate oxide compound or aminopropyl cocounut oil acid esters oxide compound), alkyl both sexes carboxylic acid glycinate (such as capryloyl both sexes carboxylic acid glycinate) as cats product.
According to specific embodiment of the present invention, nonionic pore forming material can be combined with at least one negatively charged ion or positively charged ion or both sexes pore forming material.
Following nonrestrictive example can be mentioned: at least miscible polymkeric substance, oligopolymer or multipolymer in aqueous phase as amphiphilic surfactant.
Amphiphilic polymer or oligopolymer can have statistical distribution or many block distributed.
The amphiphilic polymer used according to the present invention or oligopolymer are selected from the block polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic block and at least one hydrophobic block, and described hydrophilic block derives from least one nonionic and/or anionic monomer.
For example, following amphiphilic polymer or oligopolymer can be mentioned: there is the polysaccharide of hydrophobic group (particularly alkyl group), polyoxyethylene glycol and derivative thereof.
For example, following amphiphilic polymer or oligopolymer can also be mentioned: three blocks gather hydroxy stearic acid ester-polyethylene glycol-oxystearic acid ester polymer, branching or the acrylate copolymer of non-branching, or hydrophobic polyacrylamide polymers.
Non-ionic amphiphilic polymkeric substance, more particularly oxyalkylated polymkeric substance (particularly (EO) and/or (PO)) is more preferably selected from least partially (at least 50 quality %) miscible polymkeric substance in water.
As the embodiment of the polymkeric substance of this type, wherein can mention following polymkeric substance: three block polyethylene/polypropylene glycol/polyethylene glycol polymers.
The pore forming material used according to the present invention can be protein, particularly come from the protein of animal, being more particularly Keratin sulfate or keratin hydrolysate, or for coming from the protein of plant, is more particularly the water soluble protein of wheat, rice, soybean or cereal.For example, the hydrolysate of aleuronat or the hydrolysate of oat egg white matter can be mentioned.
Preferably, pore forming material used according to the present invention is molecular wt is 300 to 50 000 daltonian protein.
According to variant of the present invention, pore forming material is from plant additive used in material according to the invention itself.In the case, plant additive is isolated or is discharged pore forming material.Pore forming material can be tannic acid, polyphenol, latex, wax, tri-glyceride, terpene or their mixture.In this special case, in material according to the invention plant additive itself be separated or release pore forming material beyond do not add outside pore forming material.
According to the present invention in 0.001 to 2% of the quality of the pore forming material of the quality relative to binding agent, preferably 0.01 to 1%, more preferably 0.005 to 0.3% concentration and use pore forming material.Preferably, in the quality of the quality relative to binding agent, the concentration of pore forming material is at least 0.01%.More preferably, in the quality of the quality relative to binding agent, the concentration of pore forming material is at least 0.1%.
Preferably, material according to the invention comprises hydraulic binder, and described hydraulic binder comprises the pore forming material of the mass percent relative to binding agent quality of 0.01 to 0.3%.
Material according to the invention can comprise water reducer, softening agent or super plasticizing agent, and the mass ratio of water reducer/binding agent is 0.001 to 0.02.
Material according to the invention such as can comprise the one of the European NF EN 934-2 standard in September, 2002, the European NF EN 934-3 standard in November, 2009 or the admixture described in European NFEN 934-4 standard in August, 2009.Advantageously, material according to the invention comprises at least one admixture for hydraulic-composition: promotor, air entraining agent (or pore forming material), viscosity modifier, softening agent and/or super plasticizing agent.Especially, usefully use the super plasticizing agent of polycarboxylate-type, in the quality of binding agent, particularly 0.05 to 1.5%, the preferably super plasticizing agent of polycarboxylate-type of 0.1 to 0.8%.
According to variant, material according to the invention comprises super plasticizing agent.
The term super plasticizing agent used in this specification and the appended claims should be understood to include and be described in Concrete Admixtures Handbook, Properties Science andTechnology, V.S.Ramachandran, Noyes Publications, the water reducer in 1984 and super plasticizing agent.
Water reducer is defined as the admixture making the amount of the concrete mixing water of given workability to be reduced usually to 10-15%.Water reducer comprises such as Sulfite lignin, hydroxycarboxylic acid, sugared race and other specific organic compound, such as glycerine, polyvinyl alcohol, aluminium methyl silicon sodium alcoholate, sulfanilic acid and casein.
Super plasticizing agent belongs to novel water reducer, and it is chemically being different from conventional water reducer, and can reduce the water content of about 30 quality %.Super plasticizing agent is roughly divided into four groups: sulphonated naphtalene formaldehyde condenses (SNF) (being generally sodium salt); Sulfonated melamine compound condenses (SMF); Modified lignin mahogany sulfonate (MLS); And other.Nearest super plasticizing agent comprises polycarboxylate compound, such as polycarboxylate, such as polyacrylic ester.Super plasticizing agent is preferably the super plasticizing agent of a new generation, such as, containing the multipolymer as the carboxylic acid functional in the polyoxyethylene glycol of grafted chain and main chain, and such as polycarboxylic acid (PCP).It can for having the PCP of not same-action.Also poly carboxylic acid sodium-polysulfonate (sodium polycarboxylate-polysulphonates) and sodium polyacrylate can be used.Also phosphoric acid derivatives can be used.The super plasticizing agent amount needed depends on the reactivity of cement usually.Reactivity is lower, and the super plasticizing agent amount of needs is lower.
Preferably, the water/binding agent mass ratio of material according to the invention is 0.3 to 2.5.
Preferably, the water/binding agent mass ratio of material according to the invention is 0.5 to 2.1, is more preferably 0.7 to 1.9.
Term " water " is interpreted as the whole water being present in (when mixing) in mixture, its water (pre-wetted water) generally including effective water and can be absorbed by aggregate and plant additive.Described effective water makes hydraulic-composition that is needed for hydraulic binder hydration and that obtain for fresh state provide the water of mobility.
Material according to the invention can be ready mixed concrete, sprayed concrete, the concrete cast in advance at building-site or the concrete produced in the factory of pre-cast element.Ready mixed concrete be generally have enough openings can process period to make concrete transportation to the building-site of concrete perfusion.Preferably, ready mixed concrete opening can be process period 15 minutes to 3 hours.
Preferably, material according to the invention is the concrete produced in the production plant of pre-cast element, and it may need the step of solidify material or the step of heating material in some cases.
According to variant of the present invention, material according to the invention is ready mixed concrete, the step of its step without any need for solidify material or any pressing material or the step of any heating material.
Compared to this area those concrete available usually, material according to the invention combines the thermal conductivity of sufficiently high compressive strength and reduction.Compressive strength was generally 0.1 to 4MPa 28 days time.In addition, these are filled a prescription simple and are easy to use.Finally, the advantage of lower cost of component used and be easy to obtain.This makes these formulas have especially in industry.
Preferably, material according to the invention 23 DEG C and 50% relative humidity under there is 0.3W/m.K, be preferably less than 0.2W/m.K, be more preferably less than the thermal conductivity of 0.1W/m.K.
Thermal conductivity (being also referred to as lambda (λ)) is the physical values by the behavior of conduction exosyndrome material in heat transfer process.Thermal conductivity is expressed as the amount for the per unit surface of thermograde and the heat of time per unit transmission.In International System of Units, thermal conductivity is with the every Kelvin (Wm of watt every meter
-1k
-1) represent.Conventional concrete have at 23 DEG C under 50% relative humidity be 1.3 to 2.1 thermal conductivity.The thermal conductivity of conventional structural lightweight concrete under 23 DEG C and 50% relative humidity is greater than 0.8W/m.K usually.
According to the present invention, thermal conductivity is understood to be in the thermal conductivity according to following program determination under 23 DEG C and 50% relative humidity :-after sample complete drying, flat plate heat method of protecting according to ISO 8302 standard in August, 1991 measures xeothermic conductance, the fragility of-given mensuration and confidence level, correspond to and be considered to rational duration of service under normal conditions, according to European NF EN ISO 10456 standard in June, 2008, from the value recorded under reference temperature and humidity condition to measure thermal conductivity.
The invention still further relates to the method preparing material according to the invention, described method comprises the setting accelerator of mixing water hydraulic binding agent, the source of Tricationic of water soluble medium, plant additive, pore forming material, water and optional mineral additive and hydraulic binder.
According to the source (preferred molysite or aluminium salt) that method of the present invention can comprise with Tricationic, pretreated step is carried out to plant additive.In the case, the source of Tricationic is added into the pre-wetted water of plant additive.
The invention still further relates to the method for the preparation of material according to the invention, it generally includes:
The first step of-pre-wetted plant additive;
-mix plant additive through pre-wetted and hydraulic binder, and water, the optionally water reducer of as above amount for material according to the invention and the second step of inorganic additives of mixing containing pore forming material.
In this pre-wetted step, the source (except hydraulic binder) of water (pre-wetted water) and Tricationic was combined with plant additive before second step.
In this pre-wetted step, plant additive can use like this with its normal humidity.Usually, dried plant additive is not needed before use.
According to the variant of method of the present invention, third step can be added to solidify the material obtained.Such as, the material with the residual water content of 60% to 100% at room temperature can preserve a few hours usually at one atm to several days.
According to another embodiment of the process of the invention, each of said components can be added individually.
Material according to the invention can be cast, and (after hydration and sclerosis) produces the object foundry goods being used for building field.The invention still further relates to this foundry goods object comprising hereinbefore material.Object foundry goods for building field comprises such as floor, screed, wall, dividing wall, top ceiling, working face, post, concrete element (backfill is dug in weighting material or underground) of building building block, heat-resistant tube, panelling, cornice, model, paving (such as covering of roadway or wall paving), isolated component (sound insulation and/or heat insulation), filling cavity by laying bricks or stones.
In this specification sheets comprising claims, unless paid in addition especially, per-cent is mass percent.
The invention still further relates to the purposes that material according to the invention is used as material of construction.
The invention still further relates to the object produced by material according to the invention.
Embodiment
For following embodiment provided by the present invention only for illustrative and non-limiting object.
The example of embodiment of the present invention
measure the density of fresh material:
The density of fresh material measured according to the European NF EN 12350-6 standard in December, 1999.
through the density of the material of sclerosis under mensuration drying regime:
Density in the dry state through the material of sclerosis measured according to the European NF EN12390-7 standard in September calendar year 2001.
the mensuration of compressive strength:
The sample of 10cm x 10cm x 10cm cubes or 4cm x 4cm x 16cm carries out according to the European NF EN 12390-3 standard in February, 2003 measurement of compressive strength.With the time limit of 1 day, 7 days and/or 28 days ZWICK press used to 10cm x 10cm x 10cm cubes or use 32 press provided by Recherche R é alisation Remy company to the weight of the cubes and sample of measuring material and physical strength to 4cm x 4cm x 16cm sample.
the mensuration of thermal conductivity:
After using the CT-metre provided by Alphis-Ere company to complete the complete drying of sample, measure the heat conduction conductance of drying material according to the flat plate heat method of the ISO 8302:1991 standard in August, 1991.
On the 10cm x 10cm x 10cm cubes of the constant drying of weight, thermal conductivity is measured at 45 DEG C.
materials statement:
No. 1 portland cement is CEM I 52.5N cement, and its density is 3150kg/m
3.This cement is CEM I cement, belongs to 52.5 strength gradings.It is from the Lafarge factory of Le Havre.
No. 2 portland cements are CEM I 52.5R cement, and density is 3140kg/m
3, Blaine specific surface area is 3870cm
2/ g.This cement is CEM I cement, belongs to 52.5 strength gradings.It is from the Lafarge factory of Le Teil.
No. 3 portland cements are density is 3120kg/m
3, Blaine specific surface area is 6770cm
2the cement of/g.This cement belongs to 52.5 strength gradings.It comes from the Lafarge factory of Saint Pierre La Cour.
No. 4 portland cements are density is 3110kg/m
3, Blaine specific surface area is 8270cm
2the cement of/g.This cement belongs to 52.5 strength gradings.It comes from the Lafarge factory of Saint Pierre La Cour.
cement is provided by KERNEOS.
The water lime is the NHL 3.5 coming from Lafarge
the water lime.
Calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)
2thered is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
Iron(ic) chloride FeCl
3thered is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
Aluminum chloride AlCl
3.6H
2o is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
Anhydrous calciumsulphate CaSO
4by providing Lafarge Le Havre.
Calcium chloride CaCl
2(93% purity) is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
Calcium chloride CaCl
2(75% purity) is provided by Brentag.
Iron nitrate Fe (NO3)
3thered is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
SODIUMNITRATE NaNO
3(99% purity) is provided by Sigma-Aldrich.
The DURCAL that limestone filler provides for OMYA.
Use following sand, its all come from Lafarge mining site (scope of aggregate provides with the form of d/D in the column, wherein " d " and " D " as in the XPP 18-545 standard in February, 2004 define):
-0/1.6Cassis sand: from the calcium carbonate sand of the Lafarge mining site of Cassis;
-3/6Cassis sand: from the calcium carbonate sand of the Lafarge mining site of Cassis.
Pore forming material or be:
-sodium oleate, is provided with trade name Microair 104 by BASF; 4.47% dry extract;
-provided with trade name Glucopon 600CSUP by COGNIS-BASF; 10.34% dry extract;
-provided with trade name Stepanol ALS 25 by Stepan Europe; 24.7% dry extract.
Super plasticizing agent or be:
-polyoxyethylene glycol polycarboxylate (PCP): provided with trade name Gl é nium 27 by BASF: 21% dry extract;
-there is no the polyoxyethylene glycol polycarboxylate (PCP) of defoamer, provided by CHRYSO, and derive from the admixture be purchased with trade name Optima 203, Base OPTIMA 203:49.96% dry extract.
Plant additive or be:
-from No. 1 rice bran of France, provided by the Soci é t é Les Silos de Sizeranne – COTRADA of France; Water content: 11% (mass percent), density: 105kg/m
3(formula 1,2 and 3);
-from No. 2 rice brans of Vietnam, provided by the Lafarge Concretes of Vietnam; Water content: 8.6 (mass percents), density: 110kg/m
3(formula 4 and 5);
-from No. 3 rice brans of France, provided by the Soci é t é Les Silos de Sizeranne – COTRADA of France; Water content: 10% (mass percent), density: 120kg/m
3(formula 5.2).
-No. 1 numb chaff, is provided by Chanvriere de l ' Aude; Water content: 12% (mass percent), density: 110kg/m
3(formula 6 to 19, except 12);
-No. 2 numb chaffs, are provided by Chanvriere de l ' Aude; Water content: 15% (mass percent), density: 110kg/m
3(formula 12).
Water is tap water.
the production method of material according to the invention:
method 1:
Batch use KENWOOD mixing tank (" Chef Classique KM400/410 " series 4.3 liters of stainless steel bowls of reference material or material according to the invention; Use wire whisk planetary motion) prepare according to following program at 20 DEG C in temperature-controlling chamber:
-plant additive is introduced in the bowl of mixing tank, mix one minute with the minimum speed of mixing tank subsequently;
-source of the pre-wetted water except portland cement and Tricationic is introduced in the bowl of mixing tank, then mix one minute with the minimum speed of mixing tank;
-suspend mixing ten minutes;
-the every other component of cement and formula is introduced in the bowl of mixing tank, mix one minute with the minimum speed of mixing tank subsequently;
-the mixing water introduced in 20 to 30 seconds containing pore forming material and super plasticizing agent (if present) also mixes with the minimum speed of mixing tank simultaneously, subsequently all substances is mixed 1 minute with the speed 3 of mixing tank;
-by using CONTROLS gas gravitometer (1954 is serial) to weigh to the paste in 0.75 liter of bowl and measure the concentration of fresh material,
-residue paste is poured in polystyrene mould (4cm x 4cm x 16cm sample or 10cm x 10cm x 10cm cubes).At 20 DEG C, sample or cubes are remained in its mould with 100% residual water content,
After-48 hours, by sample and the cubes demoulding, and by they with 60 to 100% residual water content remain on 20 DEG C at.
method 2:
Batch mixing tank (Model PH602, N ° of 121025,30 liters of stainless steel moulds using VMI Rayneri to provide of reference material or material according to the invention; Planetary motion) prepare according to following program at 20 DEG C in temperature-controlling chamber:
-by numb chaff or rice bran, pre-wetted water and FeCl
3or AlCl
3introduce mixing tank,
-mixture is mixed ten minutes continuously under the speed of 26rpm,
-if portland cement and the water lime existed, limestone filler and anhydrous calciumsulphate are introduced in mixing tank, then mix 1 minute with 26rpm,
-mixing water, pore forming material (if present), super plasticizing agent (if present) were introduced mixing tank, and mixed five minutes with 26rpm in 20 to 30 seconds,
-stop mixing, by using CONTROLS gas gravitometer (1954 is serial) to weigh to the paste in 0.75 liter of bowl and measure the concentration of fresh material,
-remaining paste is poured in 10cm x 10cm x 10cm cubes.At 20 DEG C, cubes is remained in its mould with 100% residual water content,
After-24 hours, by the cubes demoulding, and by they with 60 to 100% residual water content remain on 20 DEG C at.
Material according to the invention carrys out illustration by embodiment as described below.
embodiment 1: the material according to the invention comprising rice bran
Material 1 to 5 and contrast 1 and 2 is produced according to method 1.Material 5.2 is produced according to method 2.
Material 1 to 5.2 and contrast 1 and 2 have following composition:
* binding agent=cement+Ca (OH) 2+ limestone filler;
The water (pore forming material, softening agent) of the water+organic additive in the total water=plant additive of *+from the water (FeCl of stablizer
3solution)+pre-wetted water+mixing water;
* * D=density;
* * * Cs=compressive strength;
¤n.m.=is unmeasured.
embodiment 2: the material according to the invention comprising numb chaff
Material 6 to 10 is produced according to method 1.Contrast 3 and material 11 to 19 are produced according to method 2.
Material 6 to 11 and contrast 3 have following composition:
* binding agent=cement+Ca (OH) the 2+ water lime+limestone filler;
The water (pore forming material, softening agent) of the water+organic additive in the total water=plant additive of *+from the water (FeCl of stablizer
3solution)+pre-wetted water+mixing water;
* * D=density;
* * * Cs=compressive strength;
¤n.m.=is unmeasured.
Material 12 to 16 and contrast 16 have following composition:
* binding agent=cement+Ca (OH) 2+ limestone filler+anhydrous calciumsulphate;
The water (pore forming material, softening agent) of the water+organic additive in the total water=plant additive of *+from the water (FeCl of stablizer
3, AlCl
3(if being non-anhydrous words) solution)+pre-wetted water+mixing water;
* * D=density;
* * * Cs=compressive strength;
¤n.m.=is unmeasured.
Material 17 to 19 has following composition:
* binding agent=cement+anhydrous calciumsulphate;
The water (pore forming material, softening agent) of the water+organic additive in the total water=plant additive of *+from the water (FeCl of stablizer
3, AlCl
3(if being non-anhydrous words) solution)+pre-wetted water+mixing water;
* * D=density;
* * * Cs=compressive strength.
Claims (11)
1. a material, its through sclerosis described material in the dry state time there are 150 to 1 000kg/m
3density, described material comprises:
-hydraulic binder;
-from the plant additive of yearly plant, the mass ratio of dry plant additive/hydraulic binder is 0.05 to 2;
Tricationic/kg dried plant the additive of-0.01 to 1.2 equivalent mole, described Tricationic is from the source of the Tricationic of water soluble medium;
The pore forming material of-0.001 to 2%, per-cent is with the quality representation relative to binding agent quality; And
-water, water/binding agent mass ratio is 0.3 to 2.5.
2. material according to claim 1, wherein said hydraulic binder be selected from portland cement,
cement, vitriol luminite cement, aluminous cement, the cement deriving from the grog described in patent application WO 2006/018569, the water lime, aerating lime, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrous calciumsulphate and their mixture.
3. material according to claim 1 or 2, the source of the Tricationic of wherein said water soluble medium is selected from molysite or aluminium salt or their mixture.
4. material according to claim 1 and 2, it comprises the setting accelerator of hydraulic binder, and the setting accelerator of described hydraulic binder is selected from anhydrous calciumsulphate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, calcium nitrite, nitrocalcite, SODIUMNITRATE, Quilonum Retard, lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrite, lithium nitrate, Lithium Sulphate and their mixture.
5. material according to claim 1 and 2, it comprises mineral additive, and described mineral additive is selected from pozzolanic material, silicon ash, slag, calcining shale, the material containing calcium carbonate, siliceous additive, flying dust, zeolite, the ash deriving from burning plants, calcined clay and their mixture.
6. according to material in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it comprises water reducer, softening agent or super plasticizing agent, and the mass ratio of described water reducer/binding agent is 0.001 to 0.02.
7. according to material in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it comprises the plant additive coming from hemp, fiber crops grass, fiber crops chaff, cornstalk, corn ear, Chinese sorghum, flax stalk, shive, Chinese silvergrass (napier grass), straw, rice husk, bagasse, millet straw, sunflower straw, mestha, coconut, olive fruit, bamboo, cork wood, poplar, wood grain (dragon spruce such as torn up), wood chip, barley straw, straw, thunder bar, paddy straw, oat stalk, Fu Niao straw, maize straw, reed, jute, sisal hemp, abaca, henequen, sunflower marrow, rape straw, large beanstalk, cassava stalk, cassava stalk, castor-oil plant, the green plant in Red sea, myosotis plant, Borrago officinalis, cosmos, Herba Tagetis Patulae, annual opium poppy, fescue and their mixture.
8. prepare a method for material according to any one of claim 1 to 7, described method comprises the setting accelerator of mixing water hydraulic binding agent, the source of Tricationic of water soluble medium, plant additive, pore forming material, water and optional mineral additive and hydraulic binder.
9. method according to claim 8, it comprises:
The first step of-pre-wetted plant additive;
-mix the second step of described pre-wetted plant additive and described hydraulic binder and the mixing water containing pore forming material.
10. material according to any one of claim 1 to 7 is used as the purposes of material of construction.
Object in 11. 1 kinds of materials according to any one of claim 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2013/073647 WO2014072533A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2013-11-12 | Insulating construction materials with a base of vegetal additions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104812721A true CN104812721A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=53716652
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380058197.8A Pending CN104812721A (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2013-11-12 | Insulating construction materials with a base of vegetal additions |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107805034A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-03-16 | 遵义翔辉环保产业有限责任公司 | A kind of non-autoclaved aerated brick |
| CN107903008A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州省遵义市百沃环保建材有限公司 | A kind of environmentally friendly aerated bricks containing stalk |
| CN108546011A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-18 | 刘君 | A kind of reed fire-proof plate |
| CN109279830A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-29 | 宜宾市南溪区顺发新型建材科技有限公司 | A kind of silicon-calcium-magnesium light aggregate building block and preparation process |
| CN110099879A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-08-06 | 派雷斯集团股份公司 | Can by screw pump wet shot and include the preparation and use of the dry construction composition of binder and biological source filler, the composition |
| CN110256002A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏兆通工程技术有限公司 | A kind of lightweight conditioned soil |
| CN110759671A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 烟台坭客环境科技有限公司 | Material and construction method for pouring and consolidating foundation for throwing marine engineering rubble |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296465A (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2001-05-23 | Ask株式会社 | Cement moldings containing vegetable fiber and method for producing the same |
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2013
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296465A (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2001-05-23 | Ask株式会社 | Cement moldings containing vegetable fiber and method for producing the same |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110099879A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-08-06 | 派雷斯集团股份公司 | Can by screw pump wet shot and include the preparation and use of the dry construction composition of binder and biological source filler, the composition |
| CN109279830A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-29 | 宜宾市南溪区顺发新型建材科技有限公司 | A kind of silicon-calcium-magnesium light aggregate building block and preparation process |
| CN109279830B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2021-04-30 | 宜宾市南溪区顺发新型建材科技有限公司 | Silicon-calcium-magnesium light aggregate building block and preparation process thereof |
| CN107805034A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-03-16 | 遵义翔辉环保产业有限责任公司 | A kind of non-autoclaved aerated brick |
| CN107903008A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州省遵义市百沃环保建材有限公司 | A kind of environmentally friendly aerated bricks containing stalk |
| CN108546011A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-18 | 刘君 | A kind of reed fire-proof plate |
| CN110759671A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 烟台坭客环境科技有限公司 | Material and construction method for pouring and consolidating foundation for throwing marine engineering rubble |
| CN110256002A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏兆通工程技术有限公司 | A kind of lightweight conditioned soil |
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