CN104819596A

CN104819596A - Absorption refrigerating/heating pump device capable of naturally and convectively heating and/or cooling absorption bed

Info

Publication number: CN104819596A
Application number: CN201510237643.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄海涛
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2015-05-11
Filing date: 2015-05-11
Publication date: 2015-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2035-05-11
Also published as: CN104819596B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of refrigerating devices, in particular to an absorption refrigerating/heating pump device capable of naturally and convectively heating and/or cooling an absorption bed. The absorption refrigerating/heating pump device comprises an absorber, a heater, a cooler, an evaporator and a condenser and is characterized in that the heating space of the heater and the cooling space of the cooler are respectively communicated with the internal space of the absorber, the heater and/or the cooler can cause the gas natural convection between the internal space of the absorber and the heating space of the heater and/or between the internal space of the absorber and the cooling space of the cooler under the heating function of the heater and/or the cooling function of the cooler, and the evaporator and the condenser are respectively communicated with the internal space of the absorber. The absorption refrigerating/heating pump device capable of naturally and convectively heating and/or cooling the absorption bed can rapidly and uniformly heat/cool the absorption bed.

Description

Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed

Technical field

The present invention relates to refrigerating plant field, more specifically, relate to the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Background technology

The monograph " absorption type refrigerating " write by Wang Ruzhu etc., " absorption type refrigerating principle and characteristics " comprehensive summing up both at home and abroad about the research and development achievement [1,2] of absorption type refrigerating.Existing absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly forms [3 ~ 12] primarily of absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter, condenser, cold-producing medium and storage tank etc.The principle summary of absorption refrigeration is: the refrigerant liquid heat absorption evaporation in adsorbent bed adsorption refrigerating agent vapour device is to produce cooling effect; After adsorbent bed is saturated, with heater heating adsorption bed, and the refrigerant vapour desorbed is made to be condensed into liquid in condenser; Then adsorbent bed is cooled with cooler.The above-mentioned operation cycle being absorption refrigeration.Owing to wanting heating adsorption bed once in each operation cycle, then cool adsorbent bed once again, therefore obviously, adsorbent bed heat temperature raising and the speed cooled are the key factors affecting absorption refrigeration effect.Heat up if adsorbent bed can be heated rapidly and cool, then operational cycle time is short, and the refrigerating capacity of unit interval is just larger.Otherwise if adsorbent bed heat temperature raising and the speed that cools are slowly, then refrigeration is just poor.It is one of the key technical problem developing efficient absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly [1,2,5 ~ 9] that technical staff early has recognized which kind of mode the design of adsorbent bed especially adopts carry out heating and cooling adsorbent bed.

After British scientist Faraday Late Cambrian absorption refrigeration phenomenon in 1848, researcher has attempted developing the refrigerating plant based on absorption refrigeration principle.In 1931, the A. Young of silica gel Co., Ltd of Britain invented the adsorption refrigerating device with backheat [13], and this device is that high-temperature flue gas is directly contacted heating adsorption bed with absorber outside wall surface.The A. Newton of HONEYWELL REGULATOR company of the U.S. is place heat exchange coil in adsorbent bed inside in the adsorption refrigerating device that nineteen thirty-nine invents, in heat exchange coil, pass into heating or cooling medium, the adsorbent contacted with heat exchange coil can be made to be heated or cooled [14].After this, in order to improve heat-transfer effect further, researcher sets up many thermofins on heat exchange coil, and adsorbent is filled between thermofin, obtains larger transmission of heat by contact area.Subsequently, researcher places the heat exchanger of various form in adsorbent bed inside, have developed the absorber of many different structures.

The adsorber technology of these traditional built-in heat exchangers is used till today always.The adsorbent bed that current absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly uses can be divided into nine kinds according to the difference of built-in heat exchanger form, see p.446 ~ 7 of document [7], following bracket inner digital is that the metal/adsorbent weight of this kind of form adsorbent bed is than kg/kg:1, spiral (13.2), 2, shell-and-tube (6.1), 3, bracket formula (6.2), 4, concentric circles tubular type (1.8), 5, plate-fin (5.5), 6, fin-tube type (3.5), 7, band-tube type (3.2), 8, single hose (6.3), 9, board-like (8.6).Document [7,9,11] is shown in by photo in kind after various forms of absorber fills adsorbent.These absorbers are usually used in various types of cooling/heating pump installation [5,7 ~ 9,15 ~ 28].Similarly, solar adsorption-type refrigerating/heat pump assembly arranges thermofin in solar thermal collector inside, and between thermofin, fill adsorbent [4,6,29 ~ 34].

Adsorbent bed, heater and cooler can be integrated in same housing by the advantage of the adsorber structure of above-mentioned built-in heat exchanger exactly, heat exchanger plays the effect of heater when passing into heat medium, the effect of cooler is played, its compact conformation when passing into cooling medium, easy to operate.But the adsorber structure of built-in heat exchanger has multiple obvious shortcoming [1,2,5,7,9,10a]: the heating of (1) adsorbent bed is uneven: the temperature of those adsorbents contacted with thermofin is higher, and the temperature of the adsorbent do not contacted with thermofin is lower, and adsorbent bed internal difference in temperature is larger; (2) adsorbent bed firing rate is slow: because the thermal conductivity factor of adsorbent is less, and the thermal contact resistance between adsorbent and thermofin is large, from thermofin to adsorbent and the heat transfer rate of adsorbent bed inside slow; (3) adsorbent bed metal heat is excessive: owing to needing to arrange many thermofins to increase heat transfer area, the weight metal in adsorbent bed is far longer than adsorbent weight, need spend the metallic member that considerable heat comes in heating adsorption bed during heating adsorption bed.These shortcomings cause the operation cycle of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly long, and refrigerating capacity is less than normal, and the thermal efficiency is on the low side, may be the basic reasons that current absorption type refrigerating/heat pump techniques has to small-scale commercial applications.In order to overcome these shortcomings, advanced technology is that the various physico-chemical process of sorbing material is combined in heat exchanger surface [7,34 ~ 36] in the world, but due to the useful load of adsorbent less, the refrigerating capacity that more difficult acquisition is larger.Therefore, still need to research and develop the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump techniques that can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.

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Summary of the invention

The present invention, for overcoming at least one defect (deficiency) described in above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly that can heat and/or cool adsorbent bed fast and equably.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of a kind of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed, comprise absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter and condenser, it is characterized in that, the heating space of described heater, the cooling space of cooler are interconnected with absorber inner space respectively;

Described absorber, heater and/or cooler are arranged to described heater and/or cooler and cause gas free convection between the heating space of absorber inner space and heater and/or the cooling space of cooler under the heat effect of heater and/or under the cooling effect of cooler;

Described evaporimeter, condenser are interconnected with absorber inner space respectively.

In such scheme, described heater and cooler unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, absorber, to be separately positioned on as the heat exchanger of heater and cooler in two cavitys that top and bottom be interconnected.

In such scheme, described evaporimeter and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, are communicated with the heat exchanger of condenser as evaporimeter with the bottom of absorber place cavity.

In such scheme, heater, absorber and cooler are placed in the cavity of three spaces separations respectively, the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively, and the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end respectively.

In such scheme, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, as heater and evaporimeter heat exchanger, absorber, be arranged in same cavity as the heat exchanger of cooler and condenser, set gradually from top to bottom in this cavity as the heat exchanger of heater and evaporimeter, absorber, heat exchanger as cooler and condenser.

In such scheme, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger; One or more heat exchangers as heater and evaporimeter, the one or more heat exchangers as cooler and condenser, absorber are arranged in same cavity;

Absorber comprises some sections of adsorbent beds, and the one or more heat exchangers as heater and evaporimeter, the one or more heat exchangers as cooler and condenser are arranged between some sections of adsorbent beds in any way, the top of uppermost adsorbent bed and the below of lowermost adsorbent bed.

In such scheme, also comprise cold-producing medium storage tank;

Absorber, heater, cooler and condenser are positioned at heat source side, evaporimeter and cold-producing medium storage tank are positioned at user side, absorber is communicated with the gas feed to be condensed of condenser, the condensate outlet of condenser connects the import of cold-producing medium storage tank by carrier pipe, cold-producing medium outlet is communicated with the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter, the vapor outlet port of evaporimeter connects absorber by carrier pipe, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter;

Or, absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter and cold-producing medium storage tank are positioned at heat source side, condenser is positioned at user side, absorber is communicated with the gas feed to be condensed of condenser by carrier pipe, the condensate outlet of condenser is communicated with the import of cold-producing medium storage tank by carrier pipe, cold-producing medium outlet is communicated with the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter, and the vapor outlet port of evaporimeter is communicated with absorber, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter.

In such scheme, described heater is solar thermal collector.

In such scheme, absorber comprises several, has high-temperature adsorbing agent, have low temperature adsorbent in remaining absorber in several absorbers wherein, have the absorber of high-temperature adsorbing agent in described and described in have the absorber of low temperature adsorbent to be interconnected.

In such scheme, also comprise circulating fan, the two ends of circulating fan and absorber are connected and are formed gas circulation loop.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:

In device of the present invention, the hot gas that heater place produces can carry out heating adsorption bed along flowing into absorber each several part between absorber internal adsorbent particle voids.The heat of heater is arrived each several part in adsorbent bed by hot gas transmission thus.Again because the microcosmic loose structure of adsorbent comprises many macropore { Macropores}, many mesopores (Mesopores) are distributed with again along macropore, many micropores (Micropores) are distributed with again along mesopore, hot gas can enter mesopore along macropore, enter micropore along mesopore again, thus deeply penetrate into absorbent particles inside and carry out heating adsorption agent.Because the structural configuration mode of apparatus of the present invention makes the hot gas in device comparatively significant free convection can occur, so hot gas is as heat transfer medium and means.Heat convection is the main heat transfer mechanism in apparatus of the present invention.In general, heat output when acting as main heat transfer mechanism with heat convection is much larger than the heat output taking conduction of heat as main heat transfer mechanism.Therefore, the present invention can heat/cool adsorbent bed comparatively rapidly and equably.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 2 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 3 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 3 modified structure of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 4 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 5 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 6 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 7 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 8 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment 9 of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.

Wherein, 1 is absorber, 1A, 1B represents adsorbent bed, 2 represent the heat exchanger being used as heater and cooler, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 108 represent heat exchanger, 3 represent front thermal insulation board, 4 represent plate-type exchanger, 5 represent the heat exchanger as evaporimeter, 6 represent First Heat Exchanger, 7 represent the second heat exchanger, 8 represent closure casing, 9 represent thermal insulation board, 10 represent rear thermal insulation board, 11 represent refrigerant liquid, 12 represent cold-producing medium storage tank, 13 represent the second liquid distributor, 14 represent the first liquid distributor, 15 represent liquid trap, 16 represent tubule, 17 and 18 represent carrier pipe, 19 represent circulating fan, 19A, 19B, 19C represents blower fan, 20 represent transparent cover plate, 21 represent solar absorption panels, 22, 23, 24 represent thermofin, 25 represent heat sink, 26 represent solar radiation, 27 represent roof, 28 represent refrigerator, 29 represent cooling storage material, 30 represent solar thermal collector array, 31 ~ 82 represent valve, 91 represent the surrounding air coming from outdoor, 92 represent discharged to outdoor, 93 represent the air coming from indoor, 94 represent discharged to indoor, 100 represent heater, 101 represent cooler, 102 represent the heat exchanger as condenser, 103 represent the 3rd liquid distributor, 104 represent the heat exchanger being used as heater and evaporimeter, 105 represent the heat exchanger being used as cooler and condenser, 106 represent the 3rd heat exchanger, 107 represent the 4th heat exchanger, 110 represent the heat exchanger being specifically designed to heating, 111 represent the heat exchanger being specifically designed to cooling, 112 represent condenser, 113 represent evaporimeter, 114 represent flooded evaporator.

Detailed description of the invention

Accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent;

In order to better the present embodiment is described, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product;

To those skilled in the art, in accompanying drawing, some known features and explanation thereof may be omitted is understandable.

In describing the invention, it is to be appreciated that term " first ", " second " etc. are only for describing object, and the quantity of instruction or hint relative importance or implicit indicated technical characteristic can not be interpreted as.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature of " first ", " second " of restriction.In describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple " is two or more.

In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also can be indirectly connected by intermediary, the connection of two element internals can be said.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at concrete meaning of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.

The basic technique problems that quasi-solution of the present invention is determined how to heat rapidly and equably and/or to cool adsorbent bed, can think that this is a thermal conduction study problem under this specific condition of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly.This problem has following restrictive factor: (1) adsorbent is poromerics, and its thermal conductivity factor is very little, is equivalent to the heat conductivility of heat-insulating heat-preserving material.(2) heat (heat of desorption) needed for adsorbent desorb is comparatively large, and heat of desorption is much larger than the sensible heat made needed for the heat temperature raising of adsorbent own.(3) adsorbent has certain heat resisting temperature, and overheated meeting causes its microcellular structure consume, causes absorption property to decline.(4) adsorbent useful load is comparatively large, and density is little, and volume is large.(5) cold-producing medium of most kind is inflammable and explosive.(6) cold-producing medium has certain heat resisting temperature, and overheated meeting causes cold-producing medium degraded to lose efficacy.(7) in each operation cycle, in device, temperature, pressure and other parameters are constantly changes.(8), when selecting high-pressure refrigerant, always there will be in each operation cycle far above atmospheric operating pressure; When selecting low pressure refrigerant, always there will be far below atmospheric operating pressure in each operation cycle.Therefore require higher to equipment performance.(9) solution of described technical problem must be low cost, because compressor cooling equipment cost conventional is at present quite low, if adsorption refrigerating device is too complicated and expensive, does not then have the market competitiveness.Above-mentioned restrictive factor causes sizable difficulty to the solution seeking described technical problem.Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly that the invention provides free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed solves above-mentioned technical problem.

Embodiment 1

Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating of the present invention and/or cooling adsorbent bed specifically comprises absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter and condenser, and the heating space of heater, the cooling space of cooler are interconnected with absorber inner space respectively;

Evaporimeter, condenser are interconnected with absorber inner space respectively.

In this particular embodiment, be interconnected between heater and absorber, heater can cause the gas free convection between absorber inner space and heater heating space under heat effect, forms heat convection, can adsorbent bed comparatively rapidly and equably in heating adsorption device.In like manner, be interconnected between cooler and absorber, cooler can cause the gas free convection between absorber inner space and the cooling space of cooler under cooling effect, can cool the adsorbent bed in absorber equally comparatively rapidly and equably.

In embody rule, heater and cooler alternately pass into heating and cooling medium, can reach the object of switching by configuring corresponding switch valve and pipeline.

Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with several specific embodiment.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment has carried out the improvement of following at least one on the basis of embodiment 1:

(1) heater and cooler unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, absorber, to be separately positioned in two cavitys that top and bottom be interconnected as the heat exchanger of heater and cooler;

(2) evaporimeter and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, are communicated with the heat exchanger of condenser as evaporimeter with the bottom of absorber place cavity.

(3) absorber, as heater and cooler heat exchanger, be integrated in same closure casing as the heat exchanger of evaporimeter and condenser.

(4) heat exchanger as evaporimeter and condenser adopts plate-type exchanger, be set to heat exchanging medium passage and cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage space-alternating between the flat board of plate-type exchanger, upper strata cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage is communicated by pipeline with between lower floor cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage, and the superiors' cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage is communicated with the bottom of absorber place cavity.

An application example of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1.

The inside with the closure casing 8 of heat-insulation layer is divided into two cavitys by thermal insulation board 9, and two cavity top end and bottom communicate respectively; Absorber 1 is set in one of them cavity; Absorber 1 can be multiplely be arranged in same cavity, as shown in Figure 1; Another cavity arranges the heat exchanger 2 being used as heater and cooler, in actual applications, is provided with the interface be externally connected as heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler;

The sealed bottom of closure casing 8 is connected with plate-type exchanger 4.Close between the edge of ground floor flat board and plate-type exchanger 4 shell in plate-type exchanger 4, form the first fluid reservoir of refrigerant liquid 11, be heat exchanging medium passage between the dull and stereotyped and second layer of ground floor is dull and stereotyped, the second layer is dull and stereotyped to be closed with the edge of third layer flat board, form the second fluid reservoir of refrigerant liquid 11, set gradually, form heat exchanging medium passage and cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage by the space-alternating between flat board.Upper strata fluid reservoir is communicated by several tubules 16 with between lower floor fluid reservoir, and the first fluid reservoir is communicated with bottom closure casing 8, and the inner space of closure casing 8 is communicated by the inner space of these tubules 16 with each layer fluid reservoir.In a particular application, plate-type exchanger 4 is provided with the gateway externally connected.

During this example specific works:

(A) cooling absorption-refrigeration: in this stage, be first used as heater and pass into cooling medium with the heat exchanger 2 of cooler by the interface be externally connected, plate-type exchanger 4 passes into coolant media by the entrance externally connected.Absorber 1 adsorption refrigerating agent steam, thus reduces the refrigerant vapour pressure of this device inside, makes the refrigerant liquid evacuator body in each layer fluid reservoir in plate-type exchanger 4.When the coolant media that plate-type exchanger 4 passes into flows through between flat board and each layer fluid reservoir have larger heat exchange area, the heat needed for the evaporation of sensible heat supply refrigerant liquid of coolant media, the temperature of coolant media is declined, produce refrigeration, the outlet finally externally connected from plate-type exchanger 4 is flowed out.During absorber 1 adsorption refrigerating agent steam, under the effect of heat of adsorption, the temperature of absorber 1 raises, now because gas temperature in absorber 1 is higher than the gas temperature at heat exchanger 2 place as heater and cooler, so the gas at absorber 1 place upwards flows, gas as heat exchanger 2 place of heater and cooler flows downward, produce the natural circulation of gas, the gas that absorber 1 is recycled flowing cooled.Absorber 1 adsorb saturated after enter next stage.

(B) heating desorption-condensation: in this stage, pass into heat medium with the heat exchanger 2 of cooler by the interface be externally connected as heater, the entrance that (when needing condensating refrigerant steam) plate-type exchanger 4 externally connects passes into cooling medium.

First, heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler passes into the temperature of gas temperature higher than absorber 1 that heat medium makes heat exchanger 2 place being used as heater and cooler, gas as heat exchanger 2 place of heater and cooler upwards flows, the gas of absorber 1 flows downward, produce the natural circulation of gas, the gas that absorber 1 is recycled flowing heated.After absorber 1 heats up and reaches desorption temperature, the cold-producing medium desorb of its absorption enters gas phase.

After the rising of device inner refrigerant steam pressure reaches condensing pressure, plate-type exchanger 4 passes into cooling medium, and refrigerant vapour is condensed into liquid in plate-type exchanger 4, and the storage of these liquid is stayed in each layer fluid reservoir.Continue aforesaid operations until absorber 1 desorb and condensation of refrigerant complete.It is more than an operation cycle.

The main heat transfer mechanism that the above course of work describes the absorber heating/type of cooling is heat convection.With existing with heat transfer be main heat transfer mechanism adsorber technology compared with have substantial difference.When embody rule, the thermodynamic process of the selection that adsorbent-cold-producing medium working medium is right, absorption refrigeration circulation, the aspect such as instrument automatic control for the evaporimeter of the high pressure/vacuum sealing container of absorption refrigeration, required configuration and condenser, device, with reference to prior art, can not repeat them here.

The major influence factors of apparatus of the present invention heat transfer free convection effect when heating and cooling operate is the temperature difference of absorber 1 and the heat exchanger 2 being used as heater and cooler.Use the heat medium with higher temperature can obtain good heat transfer free convection effect during heating operation.Such as, this device be used as air conditioning for automobiles time heat medium can utilize engine exhaust (from engine chamber discharge EGT can reach 500 DEG C), cooling medium is the surrounding air outside car, coolant media be need cooling car in air.The heat exchanger 2 passed into by the waste gas of 500 DEG C as heater and cooler can produce very significant heat transfer free convection in this device inside, thus the heat of heat medium is passed to absorber 1.When absorber 1 and be used as temperature difference between heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler larger time, the flow resistance of absorber 1 itself is not major influence factors, even if adopt granular adsorbent bulk storage to form absorber (bed voidage about 0.3 ~ 0.4), also good heating effect can be had.But, if absorber 1 and to be used as temperature difference between heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler less (such as, during the heat medium of the hot water that the temperature adopting conventional solar energy heat collection engineering to produce is about 80 DEG C as apparatus of the present invention), then absorber 1 must have lower flow resistance, this kind of situation is suitable for adopting sizing adsorbent (as hollow cylinder, or honeycomb sorbent agent) to form absorber 1 according to low flow resistance mode of stacking.In addition, absorber 1 and be used as temperature difference between heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler constant time, absorber 1 is higher with the height of the heat exchanger 2 being used as heater and cooler, then the motive force of its internal gas free convection is larger, and heating effect is better.

When cooling adsorption operations, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler passes into surrounding air, and its temperature is close to normal temperature.Due to the effect of heat of adsorption, the temperature of absorber 1 is then higher than normal temperature (such as, during active-carbon bed absorption methyl alcohol, active-carbon bed temperature can reach 65 DEG C).Therefore, also can there is more significant heat transfer free convection in this device inside, and this device is cooled, and the heat exchanger 2 being now used as heater and cooler plays the effect of cooler.

In aforesaid operations, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler needs alternately to pass into heating and cooling medium, and plate-type exchanger 4 alternately passes into cooling medium and coolant media, and therefore embody rule is can by the corresponding switch valve of configuration and pipeline.These switch valves and pipeline will be arranged according to the concrete condition of practical application.Therefore, Fig. 1 and other accompanying drawing of the present invention do not draw these switch valves and pipeline.

Compared with the transmission of heat by contact mode of prior art absorber built-in heat exchanger, the absorption refrigeration/heat pump assembly of this heat transfer free convection mode of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) heater surface temperatures of the present invention can higher than the heat resisting temperature of adsorbent.

In the present invention heater surfaces not with adsorbent contact, the restriction of heater surface temperatures not sorbent suspension heat resisting temperature.And heater surface temperatures must lower than adsorbent heat resisting temperature in prior art.

(2) the present invention has larger heat transfer coefficient.

The present invention adopts heat convection mode, and heat transfer coefficient is larger.Prior art due to the coefficient of heat conduction of adsorbent very little, the thermal contact resistance of heater and adsorbent bed is large, and heat transfer coefficient is less.

(3) the present invention can heating adsorption device rapidly.

The present invention has higher heater surface temperatures, and heat transfer temperature difference is large, and has larger heat transfer coefficient, and in absorber, whole sorbent particle surfaces can both be subject to the heating of thermal current, has larger heat transfer area, therefore, heat output is comparatively large, can heating adsorption device rapidly.And prior art relies on heat exchange pattern can only heating adsorption device lentamente.

(4) the present invention can heating adsorption device equably.

The present invention utilizes thermal current to penetrate into absorber inside along absorbent particles gap, and absorber each several part can be made to be heated properly.And the adsorbent that in prior art, those contact with thermofin is easily overheated, the adsorbent away from thermofin is difficult to again be heated.

(5) the present invention can use the adsorbent of high voidage.

The present invention can use the adsorbent of bed voidage more than 0.5, is conducive to the heat and mass transfer performance simultaneously improving absorber, without the need to arranging special mass transfer channel in addition.Prior art should not use the adsorbent of high voidage, because voidage is larger, then thermal conductivity factor is less, relies on the heat transfer property of the absorber of transmission of heat by contact mode poorer.Prior art selects low voidage adsorbent usually, and needs in absorber, arrange special mass transfer channel.

(6) the present invention can use chemosorbent.

The phenomenon of adsorbent volumetric expansion is there will be when adsorbing based on the chemosorbent of chemisorbed mechanism.The present invention can reserve space needed for the adsorbent volumetric expansion space of absorber 1 more than each section (namely in Fig. 1), and thus the present invention can select chemosorbent.Prior art fills adsorbent between thermofin.When using chemosorbent, adsorbent volumetric expansion pressurized, easily lumps, and causes absorption property to decline.Thus prior art generally can not select chemosorbent.

(7) metal heat of the present invention is less.

The present invention adopts heat convection, and the outer surface of all absorbent particles and portion inner surface are all heat-transfer surfaces.Convection transfer rate is comparatively large, and without the need to arranging a lot of thermofins to increase heat exchange area, therefore metal heat is less.And need in prior art absorber to arrange many thermofins to increase heat exchange area, its metal/adsorbent weight ratio reaches 1.8 ~ 13.2.

(8) structure of the present invention is simple, easily manufactures.

The present invention arranges absorber and heat exchanger respectively in different spaces, processing and easy to maintenance.Prior art has many pipelines and fin in absorber, complex structure.Adsorbent is combined in heat exchanger surface by some technology, and manufacturing cost is higher.

In addition, absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter, condenser, cold-producing medium and storage tank are all integrated in same closure casing 8 by the present embodiment, and the connected mode of device greatly simplifies than prior art.Closure casing 8 inside, without any pipeline and valve, is conducive to the flowing of refrigerant vapour.And good airproof performance, cold-producing medium is not easy to leak.Plate-type exchanger 4 is integrated with evaporimeter and condenser, is also used as cold-producing medium storage tank, reduces the cost of device.This integrated arrangement of the present embodiment also may be used for other embodiments of the invention.

The device separate unit just interval refrigeration of this example, two or more cooperation can continuous cooling.When employing more than two cooperations, plate-type exchanger 4 can be arranged on the outside of closure casing 8, and each absorber can be communicated with same evaporimeter, same condenser and same cold-producing medium storage tank jointly by pipeline, and embody rule does not repeat them here.

Embodiment 3

The present embodiment is similar to Example 2, its difference is mainly, embodiment 2 adopts same heat exchanger alternately heating and cooling absorber, and the present embodiment has a heat exchanger being specifically designed to heating adsorption device to be specifically designed to another heat exchanger cooling absorber.

Particularly, heater, absorber and cooler are placed in the cavity of three spaces separations respectively, the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively, and the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end respectively; Preferably each connectivity part is provided with valve.Particularly as shown in Figure 2, the top and bottom of absorber 1 are connected with the top and bottom of heater 100 respectively, and the top and bottom of absorber 1 are also connected with the top and bottom of cooler 101 respectively.Heater 100 always passes into heat medium, adopts heat exchanger as heater 100 in this example; Cooler 101 always passes into cooling medium, adopts heat exchanger as cooler 101 in this example.By the switching of valve 31 ~ 34, heater 100 or the cooler 101 heat transfer free convection mode that can be similar to illustrated by embodiment 2 heats or cools absorber 1.

Further, the present embodiment also improves other structures:

The present embodiment also comprises cold-producing medium storage tank; Absorber, heater, cooler and condenser are positioned at heat source side, evaporimeter and cold-producing medium storage tank are positioned at user side, absorber is communicated with the gas feed to be condensed of condenser, the condensate outlet of condenser connects the import of cold-producing medium storage tank by carrier pipe, cold-producing medium outlet is communicated with the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter, the vapor outlet port of evaporimeter connects absorber by carrier pipe, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter.Specifically as shown in Figure 2:

The cold-producing medium storage tank 12 of user side is connected to the first liquid distributor 14 by throttle 42, first liquid distributor 14 is arranged in the heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser, heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser passes through carrier pipe 18, valve 40 is connected to cooler 101, heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser also passes through carrier pipe 18, valve 38 is connected to absorber 1, heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser also passes through valve 43, carrier pipe 17, valve 36 connects the second liquid distributor 13, second liquid distributor 13 is placed in heat exchanger 102 inner upper as condenser/evaporator, pipeline is passed through at heat exchanger 102 top as condenser/evaporator, valve 35 is connected to cooler 101, absorber 1 connects the heat exchanger 102 as condenser/evaporator by pipeline, valve 37, connects cold-producing medium storage tank 12 as bottom the heat exchanger 102 of condenser/evaporator by pipeline, valve 39 and carrier pipe 17, valve 41.

The present embodiment includes for the cooling operation mode to user's cooling and for the heat pump operation pattern to user's heat supply.

First cooling operation mode is described: under this pattern, heat exchanger 5 is used as evaporimeter, and heat exchanger 102 is used as condenser.Heat absorption evaporation after the heat exchanger 5 that refrigerant liquid 11 in the cold-producing medium storage tank 12 of user side enters as evaporimeter by the first liquid distributor 14 after throttle 42 throttling, cold is supplied to user by the coolant media as the heat exchanger 5 of evaporimeter.The refrigerant vapour produced as the heat exchanger 5 inner refrigerant liquid evaporation of evaporimeter flows in cooler 101 through carrier pipe 18, valve 40.Valve 32,34 is opened, and refrigerant vapour is adsorbed by absorber 1, and simultaneously absorber 1 device 101 that is cooled cooled in the mode of heat transfer free convection.After absorber 1 is saturated, proceed to the heating desorption stage.Valve-off 32,34, opens valve 31, and the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam in heater 100 enters heating adsorption bed in absorber 1 through valve 31, and the pipeline of the steam after cooling bottom absorber 1, valve 37 enter heat exchanger 102 condensation as condenser.Open valve 33, absorber 1 by heater 100 with the mode continuous heating of heat transfer free convection until absorber 1 desorb is complete.Entered by valve 37 and be condensed into refrigerant liquid as the refrigerant vapour in the heat exchanger 102 of condenser, these refrigerant liquids are discharged from as the pipeline bottom the heat exchanger 102 of condenser, flow into cold-producing medium storage tank 12 through valve 39, carrier pipe 17, valve 41.

During heat pump operation pattern, heat exchanger 5 is used as condenser, and heat exchanger 102 is used as evaporimeter.The refrigerant vapour that absorber 1 heating desorption produces enters condensation heat release after the heat exchanger 5 as condenser through valve 38, carrier pipe 18, and heat is supplied to user by the thermal medium as the heat exchanger 5 of condenser.Refrigerant vapour is evaporation after the refrigerant liquid produced as condensation in the heat exchanger 5 of condenser is entered the heat exchanger 102 as evaporimeter after valve 43, carrier pipe 17, valve 36 throttling by the second liquid distributor 13, the refrigerant vapour produced flows in cooler 101 by the pipeline on heat exchanger 102 top as evaporimeter, valve 35, now valve 32,34 is opened, refrigerant vapour is adsorbed by absorber 1, and simultaneously absorber 1 device 101 that is cooled cools.After absorber 1 is saturated, proceed to the heating desorption stage.Valve-off 32,34, open valve 31, high pressure high temperature vapor in heater 100 enters heating adsorption bed in absorber 1 through valve 31, and the pipeline of the steam after cooling bottom absorber 1, valve 38, carrier pipe 18 enter heat exchanger 5 condensation as condenser.Open valve 33, absorber 1 by heater 100 continuous heating until absorber 1 desorb is complete.

As mentioned above, under cooling operation mode, this device utilizes the heat energy of heat source side to user side cooling, then to user side heat supply under heat pump operation pattern.In general, these are based on the heat engine of the inverse Kano thermodynamic cycle of cold-producing medium working medium, cold-producing medium working medium is after experience evaporation process is gas phase from liquid-phase conversion, and it is liquid phase working fluid that these gas-phase working mediums must experience condensation process subsequently from gas phase conversion, just can complete the thermodynamic cycle of its closed loop.When the purposes of these heat engines is that the endothermic effect utilizing cold-producing medium working medium to evaporate in evaporimeter comes to user's cooling, be then called refrigerating plant; When the purposes of these heat engines utilizes the exothermic effect of cold-producing medium working medium condensation in condenser to come to user's heat supply, be then called heat pump assembly.Same set of device both can be used as refrigerating plant, also can be used as heat pump assembly.Such as, Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2 is except for except freezing, and the heat of adsorption that cold-producing medium 11 also can be utilized to produce at condensation heat release and/or the absorber 1 of plate-type exchanger 4 is come to user's heat supply, as heat pump.Similarly, other embodiments of the invention also can be used as heat pump.

In cooling mode, what carry from heat source side to user side is normal temperature refrigerant liquid (with carrier pipe 17) to Fig. 2 shown device of the present embodiment; What returned by user side thermotropism source is normal temperature refrigerant vapour (with carrier pipe 18).In the heat pump mode, what carry from heat source side to user side is the refrigerant vapour (with carrier pipe 18) having higher temperature; What returned by user side thermotropism source is normal temperature refrigerant liquid (with carrier pipe 17).Therefore, carrier pipe 17 does not need insulation; Carrier pipe 18 needs insulation.The length of carrier pipe 17 and 18 can reach dozens of kilometres.The conveying pump or fan of cold-producing medium can also be set up.Device described above is in fact be the chemical energy of cold-producing medium by the thermal power transfer of heat source side, then arrives user side by Cemented filling cold-producing medium, then the chemical energy of cold-producing medium is converted to heat energy for user.This device carries out the long-distance sand transport (other embodiment of the present invention also may be used for this purposes after setting up conveying pipe of refrigerant) of low grade heat energy in fact.

The present embodiment has eight advantages listed by embodiment 2 equally.In addition, the present embodiment also has following two advantages:

(1) multiple absorber cooperation is convenient to.

Particularly, absorber arranges multiple, and multiple absorber is communicated with heater and cooler respectively by pipeline with valve, and specifically as shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the top view of the adsorbent bed of Fig. 2, heater and quencher moiety.As shown in Figure 3, six absorbers 1 through piping and valve 31,33(31 below, 33 are not shown in figure) be communicated with same heater 100, and through piping and valve 32,34(in the below of 32, in figure, do not show 34) be communicated with same cooler 101.This connected mode is comparatively simple, is convenient to increase absorber number as required.By valve transfer during operation, can have multiple absorber 1 heating desorption simultaneously, other absorber 1 cools absorption simultaneously.

(2) metal heat is not had.

The heat exchanger metallic conduit of required heating and the thermal capacitance of fin when " metal heat " refers to heating adsorption bed in each absorption refrigeration operation cycle.For Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2, during each heating desorption, first heat to be spent heat the pipeline as the heat exchanger 2 of heater and cooler and fin, then could heating adsorption device 1; Desorb is complete when carrying out cooling absorption, and take out of as the pipeline of heat exchanger 2 of heater and cooler and the heat of the fin medium that will be cooled and slattern, next cycle reheats the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler again.Visible, " metal heat " will waste a lot of heats.In Fig. 2 shown device of the present embodiment, heater 100 is always in heated condition, for being that the high-temperature gas heated in heater 100 is passed into absorber 1 during heating adsorption device 1, each operation cycle is not needed to reheat pipeline and the fin of these heaters 100.In this sense, " metal heat " of Fig. 2 device is close to zero (only having the housing of absorber 1 and the connecting pipe between absorber 1 and valve 31,33 thereof to need each operation cycle to heat once).Compared with comparing the situation up to 1.8 ~ 13.2 with metal in prior art adsorbent bed/adsorbent weight, the present embodiment can significantly reduce heating energy consumption.

In addition, as a special case of the present invention, the absorber 1 of Fig. 2 device adsorb saturated after, open valve 31, high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam in heater 100 enters heating adsorption bed in absorber 1 through valve 31, the flowing of its refrigerant vapour also driven by temperature difference, pressure differential, belongs to wherein a kind of situation of free convection mode of heating of the present invention.If the sensible heat of the refrigerant vapour entered through valve 31 enough provides adsorbent bed heat of desorption, then can omit valve 33 and place pipeline.

The NM part of the present embodiment is similar to Example 2, and operation principle is identical with embodiment 2, repeats no more herein.

In another embodiment, can also be:

Absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter and cold-producing medium storage tank are positioned at heat source side, condenser is positioned at user side, absorber is communicated with the gas feed to be condensed of condenser by carrier pipe, the condensate outlet of condenser is communicated with the import of cold-producing medium storage tank by carrier pipe, cold-producing medium outlet is communicated with the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter, the vapor outlet port of evaporimeter is communicated with absorber, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of evaporimeter.Instantiation does not repeat them here.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment and embodiment 2,3 similar, its difference is mainly, embodiment 2,3 is by the determination path flowing preset with gas during heat transfer free convection mode heating adsorption device 1, and the determination path of gas free convection Non-precondition in the present embodiment.Particularly, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, as heater and evaporimeter heat exchanger, absorber, be arranged in same cavity as the heat exchanger of cooler and condenser, set gradually from top to bottom in this cavity as the heat exchanger of heater and evaporimeter, absorber, heat exchanger as cooler and condenser.

In addition, can also be further improved in such scheme: also comprise cold-producing medium storage tank 12, the 3rd liquid distributor 103, liquid trap 15.Particularly as shown in Figure 4:

The present embodiment also comprises cold-producing medium storage tank 12, 3rd liquid distributor 103, liquid trap 15, absorber 1 is placed in the middle part of cavity, heater and evaporimeter close two for adopting same heat exchanger, heat exchanger 104 as heater and evaporimeter to be placed in cavity and to be positioned at the below of absorber 1, cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser to be placed in cavity and to be positioned at the top of absorber 1, liquid trap 15 connects cold-producing medium storage tank 12 by pipeline, cold-producing medium storage tank 12 connects the 3rd liquid distributor 103 by pipeline, 3rd liquid distributor 103 is arranged on above the heat exchanger 104 as heater and evaporimeter, liquid trap 15 is arranged on the below of the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser.

Further, the cavity of the present embodiment adopts closure casing 8 to realize, absorber 1 is arranged on the medium position of closure casing 1, heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser is placed in the tip position of closure casing 8, and the heat exchanger 104 as heater and evaporimeter is placed in the bottom position of closure casing 8.

During specific works: in the heating desorption stage, heat exchanger 104 as heater and evaporimeter passes into heat medium, the gas heated as the heat exchanger 104 of heater and evaporimeter upwards flows, and the cooler gas in absorber 1 flows downward, and forms the free convection of gas.

In this arrangement, the flow path that the free convection of cold and hot gas is indefinite, but random and constantly variation.In addition, the 3rd liquid distributor 103 generally adopts the some pipes having several mouth sprays.When the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 104 being used as heater and evaporimeter is higher, from the heat exchanger 104 being used as heater and evaporimeter to the radiant heat transfer of absorber 1 be also comparatively significant.Therefore, by free convection and radiant heat transfer mechanism, the heat as the heat exchanger 104 of heater and evaporimeter passes to absorber 1, makes its heating desorption.When cold-producing medium is gaseous state from ADSORPTION STATE desorb, its volume significantly increases, and makes the pressure increase in closure casing 8.After reaching condensing pressure, the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser passes into cooling medium, and refrigerant vapour is liquid at the surface condensation of the heat exchanger 105 being used as cooler and condenser, is then collected and is stored in cold-producing medium storage tank 12.After absorber 1 desorb, pass into cooling medium as the heat exchanger 104 of heater and evaporimeter and the heat exchanger 105 that is used as cooler and condenser, cool absorber 1 in the mode of the cold and hot gas heat transfer free convection in closure casing 8.At cooling absorption-cooling stages, refrigerant liquid is distributed in sweat cooling behind the surface as the heat exchanger 104 of heater and evaporimeter by the 3rd liquid distributor 103, the refrigerant vapour produced is adsorbed by absorber 1, the generation of heat of adsorption makes the temperature of absorber 1 higher than the temperature of the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser, this temperature difference causes cold and hot gas free convection, and absorber 1 is cooled.

In a specific embodiment, alternatively, the present embodiment also comprises circulating fan, and the two ends of circulating fan and absorber are connected and formed gas circulation loop.Specifically as shown in Figure 4:

Circulating fan 19 two ends are connected to top and the bottom of closure casing 8 respectively by valve 46,47; Further, at closure casing 8 top and valve 46 junction also external valve 48 and First Heat Exchanger 6, with valve 47 junction also external valve 49 and the second heat exchanger 7 bottom closure casing 8.

Circulating fan 19 is the corrosion resistant fan for fluid conveying under normal pressure.When circulating fan 19 is connected with the two ends of closure casing 8 as refrigerant vapour circulating fan, if closure casing 8 inner refrigerant steam pressure is far above atmospheric pressure, then the refrigerant vapour in circulating fan 19 outwardly may leak in fan bearing mechanical seal place; If closure casing 8 inner refrigerant steam pressure is far below atmospheric pressure, then outside air may to circulating fan 19 internal leakage.Both of these case is all unallowed.

The refrigerant vapour pressure of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly inside is relevant with the refrigerant category of its loading.The refrigerant category used at present is various.Generally can be divided into " high-pressure refrigerant " (being exactly the cold-producing medium of normal boiling point more than-10 DEG C) and " low pressure refrigerant " (being exactly the cold-producing medium of normal boiling point below-10 DEG C).The present invention is applicable to various cold-producing medium in principle.Although the present invention uses the heat and mass transfer performance of high-pressure refrigerant to be better than selecting low pressure refrigerant.Because during identical temperature difference, operating pressure is higher, and the driving force of free convection is larger, and heat and mass transfer performance is better.The concrete condition such as cryogenic temperature, available heat source temperature, chilling temperature that selecting of concrete cold-producing medium needs the application scenario of consideration device, requirement reaches.No matter but use which kind of cold-producing medium, always absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly operating pressure there will be far above or far below atmospheric situation, therefore prior art is generally difficult to the forced-convection heat transfer that utilizes blower fan to drive.

In the present invention: when selecting high-pressure refrigerant, the operating pressure in heating desorption stage is far above atmospheric pressure; The operating pressure of cooling absorption is likely adjusted to close to atmospheric pressure.Therefore, its heating desorption stage can adopt heat transfer free convection mode; The forced-convection heat transfer mode that cooling absorption phase can adopt circulating fan 19 to drive.When selecting low pressure refrigerant, the operating pressure in heating desorption stage is generally close to atmospheric pressure; The operating pressure of cooling absorption is then far below atmospheric pressure.Therefore, its heating desorption stage forced-convection heat transfer mode that circulating fan 19 can be adopted to drive; Cooling absorption phase can adopt heat transfer free convection mode.

When using high-pressure refrigerant, the operating procedure of Fig. 4 shown device of the present embodiment is summarized as follows: the heat exchanger 104 that the heating desorption stage is used as heater and evaporimeter passes into heat medium makes absorber 1 desorb.The heating desorption stage is when terminating to proceed to cooling absorption-cooling stages, if the pressure limit that in closure casing 8, pressure can bear higher than circulating fan 19, then be used as the heat exchanger 104 of heater and evaporimeter, pass into cooling medium as the heat exchanger 105 of cooler and condenser, First Heat Exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7, slowly open valve 48,49, make gas through be used as heater and evaporimeter heat exchanger 104, cool as the heat exchanger 105 of cooler and condenser after enter First Heat Exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 and cool further.Due to the cooling effect of each heat exchanger and the cushioning effect of First Heat Exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7, in closure casing 8, Pressure Drop is low to moderate the pressure limit that circulating fan 19 can bear, open valve 46,47, start cycles blower fan 19, forced convertion cooling absorber 1.Because forced-convection heat transfer coefficient is much larger than NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT, adopt forced convertion can improve cooling effect significantly.Described forced-convection heat transfer mode can continue to the initial stage in heating desorption stage, until after pressure is increased to the pressure limit that circulating fan 19 can bear in closure casing 8, stops circulating fan 19, uses the mode of free convection heating instead.The way that this free convection and forced convertion are combined can improve the speed that adsorbent bed heats/cools further.

When using low pressure refrigerant, the operating procedure of Fig. 4 shown device utilizes circulating fan 19 forced convertion heating adsorption device 1 in the heating desorption stage; Cooling absorption phase adopts the free convection type of cooling.Concrete operation step and above similar.

First Heat Exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 has two effects: pressure buffer when (a) free convection mode and forced convertion mode are changed; And (b) heating or cooling refrigeration agent steam in advance in First Heat Exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 as required when carrying out other operating procedure in closure casing 8, be conducive to shortening operational cycle time.

Be similar to and set up circulating fan for carrying out forced-convection heat transfer when cooling/heating pump installation operates in the pressure limit that circulating fan can bear described by the present embodiment, other all embodiment of the present invention also can set up circulating fan.Such as, the position being positioned at absorber 1 stage casing of the closure casing 8 of Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2 is offered an air inlet and is connected with the exhaust outlet of circulating fan, and being positioned at of closure casing 8 is offered an exhaust outlet as heater and the intermediate altitude position of the heat exchanger 2 of cooler and be connected with the air inlet of circulating fan, just form the forced convertion circulatory system.

The NM part of the present embodiment is similar with above embodiment, and operation principle is identical with above embodiment, repeats no more herein.

Embodiment 5

The present embodiment is similar to Example 4, and its difference is mainly, embodiment 4 has an independently cold-producing medium storage tank 12, is used as cold-producing medium storage tank bottom the closure casing of the present embodiment, specifically as shown in Figure 5:

Absorber 1 is arranged on the medium position of closure casing 8, be positioned at above absorber 1 the 3rd heat exchanger 106 is set in closure casing 8, in closure casing 8 and the below being positioned at absorber 1 arranges the 4th heat exchanger 107, the bottom of closure casing 8 is used as cold-producing medium storage tank.

When pass into heating, cooling or coolant media time, the 4th heat exchanger 107 is used as heater, condenser/cooler or evaporimeter.When passing into heating or cooling medium, the 3rd heat exchanger 106 is used as heater or cooler.The advantage of the present embodiment is compact conformation, and equipment volume is little, good seal performance.The NM part of the present embodiment is similar with above embodiment, and operation principle is identical with above embodiment, repeats no more herein.

Embodiment 6

The present embodiment is similar to Example 5, and its difference is mainly, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger; One or more heat exchangers as heater and evaporimeter, the one or more heat exchangers as cooler and condenser, absorber are arranged in same cavity;

One of them instantiation as shown in Figure 6, this absorber 1 comprises two stage adsorption bed, all be provided with heat exchanger 108 between the top of epimere adsorbent bed, the below of hypomere adsorbent bed and two stage adsorption bed, these heat exchangers 108 can be used as heater, also can be used as cooler.When heat exchanger 108 all passes into heating or cooling medium, due to free convection and radiant heat transfer, absorber 1 can be heated or is cooled more quickly, and this is one of advantage of the present embodiment.The NM part of the present embodiment is similar with above embodiment, and operation principle is identical with above embodiment, repeats no more herein.

Embodiment 7

The present embodiment and above embodiment similar, its difference is mainly, the present embodiment utilizes solar thermal collector to carry out heating adsorption device, and solar thermal collector and absorber are integrated in same housing (referred to as solar energy absorber).Particularly as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, front portion to the rear portion of the housing 8 of insulation is provided with transparent cover plate 20, solar absorption panels 21, front thermal insulation board 3, absorber 1, rear thermal insulation board 10, heat sink 25 successively.Space between solar absorption panels 21 and front thermal insulation board 3 is called heat tunnel, is wherein provided with the thermofin 22 of solar absorption panels 21; Space between rear thermal insulation board 10 and heat sink 25 is called cooling/condensation channel, is wherein provided with the thermofin 23 of heat sink 25.The thermofin 24 for dispelling the heat to surrounding air is had on rear side of heat sink 25.Space is had between the top and bottom of front thermal insulation board 3 and rear thermal insulation board 10 and housing 8.Be provided with valve 50 between the upper end of rear thermal insulation board 10 and housing 8, be used for sealing or open the space between the upper end of rear thermal insulation board 10 and housing 8.The lower end of heat sink 25 is connected with tubule 16, and tubule 16 enters indoor again through the shell connection flooded evaporator 114 of refrigerator 28 through roof 27, flooded evaporator 114 is immersed among cooling storage material 29.Tubule 16 can be vertical or the trend that tilts, and also can have certain flexibility.The size of tubule 16 and paving mode should ensure that the refrigerant liquid that condensation produces in the cooling/condensation channel of solar energy absorber can rely on gravity to flow into flooded evaporator 114 from the lower end of heat sink 25, and the refrigerant vapour produced in flooded evaporator 114 can rely on pressure differential to flow into solar energy absorber from flooded evaporator 114.

When utilizing solar energy heating desorption absorption device 1 after sunrise on daytime, valve-off 50.Solar absorption panels 21 absorbs solar radiation 26 and solar absorption panels 21 is heated up, and solar absorption panels 21 and thermofin 22 thereof transfer heat to the refrigerant vapour in heat tunnel.Refrigerant vapour in heat tunnel is by the backward upper flowing of heat temperature raising, and the colder refrigerant vapour in absorber 1 flows downward, and forms the free convection circulation of refrigerant vapour, the heat of solar absorption panels is passed to adsorbent bed 1.Absorber 1 heating desorption, heat tunnel and absorber 1 inner refrigerant steam pressure are increased, some refrigerant steam through after space between thermal insulation board 10 lower end and housing 8 flow into and cool/condensation channel and be condensed into refrigerant liquid, these refrigerant liquids flow into flooded evaporator 114 through tubule 16.

At dusk post sunset opens valve 50, the cooled cooling of the refrigerant vapour in cooling/condensation channel, and the hot gas in the cold air in cooling/condensation channel and absorber 1 forms free convection, absorber 1 is cooled, the pressure drop in housing 8.Refrigerant liquid 11 in flooded evaporator 114 evaporates, and produces refrigeration.Refrigerant vapour flows in housing 8 through tubule 16, is then adsorbed by absorber 1.Under the cold and hot gas free convection cycle heat exchange effect of housing 8 inside, after the heat of adsorption of absorber 1 is delivered to heat sink 25, be dispersed into surrounding air.Cooling storage material 29 stores cold, makes refrigerator 28 also can keep low temperature by day.

The present embodiment has eight advantages listed by embodiment 2 equally.In addition, compare with existing solar energy refrigerator technology [6,29,30], the present embodiment also has following three advantages:

(1) solar collecting performance is good.

The present embodiment housing 8 is full-closed structure (housing 8 and can be welded to connect between solar absorption panels 21 and heat sink 25).Housing 8 has heat-insulation layer, solar absorption panels 21 absorbs solar radiation energy, then absorber 1 is transferred heat to, heat insulation by rear thermal insulation board 10 between absorber 1 and cooling/condensation channel, only there is a small amount of hot gas to flow into cooling/condensation channel from space, rear thermal insulation board 10 lower end during solar energy heating.During this solar energy absorber heating desorption, on the one hand can efficient absorption solar radiation energy, its heat loss being dispersed into environment is less on the other hand, and therefore this solar energy absorber solar collecting performance is good.Compare, in prior art, the sidewall of some solar energy absorber or bonnet can be opened (see document [6]), and housing is not totally enclosed, and heat loss is larger.

(2) perfect heat-dissipating.

Solar energy absorber has following two kinds of situations to need heat radiation:

A the cooling absorption-evaporation operation stage adsorption device at () night needs to discharge heat of adsorption to environment.

B heating desorption-condensation operation the stage on () daytime needs heat radiation when solar radiation causes solar energy absorber overheated too strongly.Solar radiation is not a kind of stable thermal source, and its intensity depends on meteorological condition.Under summer some meteorological condition may there is the situation of short time profundity in solar radiation.The rete of the selective absorbing solar radiation of load on solar absorption panels and adsorbent and cold-producing medium have certain heat resisting temperature.Exceed its heat resisting temperature, solar energy absorbing membranous layer may come off, and the microcellular structure of adsorbent may overheated consume make absorption property decline, and cold-producing medium may be degraded.Therefore, solar energy refrigerator must have good heat-sinking capability just can normally may run under all climatic conditions.

The present embodiment, when close to equipment heat resisting temperature, as long as open valve 50, just can obtain good radiating effect.Compare, some sun absorber of prior art adopts totally enclosed insulation shell, does not have cooling measure, and summer is overheating failure (except non-user judges that sunshine is too strong, cover solar energy absorber, but do very inconvenient like this with cover from sun) likely.Sidewall or the bonnet of other solar energy absorber can be opened dispel the heat [6], but its operation may be too loaded down with trivial details.

(3) automatic operating is easy to.

Valve-off 50 when the automatic control action of the present embodiment is only heating desorption on daytime, opens valve 50 when absorption at night and apparatus overheat on daytime.As long as set up temperature sensor, solar irradiation sensor, timer, temperature controller, magnetic valve etc. can realize full-automatic operation.

In solar thermal collector, the product of current sizing volume production mainly contains flat type solar heat collector, its structure is generally in Totally enclosed heat-preserving housing and is provided with solar absorption panels and heating fluid channel, and insulation shell lower end needs heating fluid inlet, and upper end has heated fluid to export.The present invention can utilize the flat type solar heat collector of these sizing volume productions to form the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed in the following manner: inside have the top and bottom of the absorber of adsorbent bed to export with the heating flow of flat type solar heat collector respectively and be connected with flowing import to be heated, top and bottom for the cooler (doubling as condenser) dispelled the heat to surrounding air are connected with the top and bottom of absorber respectively, the junction of cooler upper end and absorber upper end is provided with valve, the lower end of absorber is connected with evaporimeter, all pipeline junctions must rounding off to reduce gas flow resistance.

Another collecting apparatus being widely used in solar water heater and big-and-middle-sized solar energy heat collection engineering is solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe (referred to as vacuum tube).Researcher once utilized vacuum tube to make adsorption refrigeration device (such as [1], p.193, [31]).Usual way places thermofin (these thermofins and load have in the vacuum tube of solar energy absorbing membranous layer to manage be connected) in vacuum tube inside, then between thermofin, fills adsorbent.But solar energy vacuum tube is originally for heating cold water.When not having cold water in pipe, the long-time air drying of vacuum tube may be damaged.Cause thermal damage was more prone to when sun in summer illumination is strong after filling adsorbent in vacuum tube.The mode utilizing vacuum tube to make the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed of the present invention's proposition is: inside adsorbent being placed in the cylindric box (its diameter is less than vacuum tube diameter of inner pipe) made with wire netting, then vacuum tube is put into, and keep adsorbent not contact with vacuum tube inner tubal wall (other iron wire available is as the support of cylindric box) as far as possible, make to have a fixed gap to allow between vacuum tube inner tubal wall and cylindric box and manage interior gas and produce comparatively significant heat transfer free convection.

Solar thermal collector is of a great variety.The present embodiment has provided three kinds of detailed description of the invention of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of solar energy free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.The detail of the free convection heating that the present invention adopts multi-form solar thermal collector to form and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed is all not quite similar.It is emphasized that and can not list all of the embodiments of the present invention one by one at this, other any detailed description of the invention designed by technological thought of the present invention and principle is all included within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Embodiment 8

The present embodiment and above embodiment similar, its difference is mainly, above embodiment utilizes the decalescence of cold-producing medium to produce cooling effect, the present embodiment be utilize the heat of desorption of cold-producing medium and/or chemical reaction heat absorption produce cooling effect.Particularly as shown in Figure 9, have high temperature adsorption salt and cryogenic absorption salt in adsorbent bed 1A and 1B respectively, refrigerant vapour is ammonia.High temperature adsorption salt and cryogenic absorption salt have different ammonia characterization of adsorptions [2,3,10b].When this device is in normal temperature, ammonia is adsorbed by high temperature adsorption salt and complex reaction generation ammonia salt complex occurs.Valve-off 55, heat exchanger 2A to 5A passes into heat medium, the high temperature adsorption salt decomplexing desorb of adsorbent bed 1A, and ammonia pressure increases.Open valve 55, ammonia flows into adsorbent bed 1B by adsorbent bed 1A, ammonia pressure in adsorbent bed 1B is increased, and also there is complex reaction generation ammonia salt complex in cryogenic absorption salt absorbing ammonia, its heat of adsorption/exothermic heat of reaction is taken out of by the normal temperature cooling medium in heat exchanger 2B to 5B.Then, heat exchanger 2A to 5A passes into normal temperature cooling medium, after the cooled cooling of high temperature adsorption salt, ammonia is adsorbed by high temperature adsorption salt again and complex reaction occurs, ammonia pressure is declined, cause the desorb of cryogenic absorption salt decomplexing, now heat exchanger 2B to 5B passes into coolant media, and its sensible heat is supplied to the endothermic heat of reaction/heat of desorption needed for the desorb of cryogenic absorption salt decomplexing, the temperature of coolant media reduces, and produces refrigerating effect.

More than utilize the kind of refrigeration cycle of high temperature and cryogenic absorption salt to be called again sorption cycle (Resorption Cycle), be prior art [2,3,10b].High temperature adsorption salt is the wherein a kind of of high-temperature adsorbing agent.Under identical equalizing pressure, high-temperature adsorbing agent has higher equilibrium temperature.Cryogenic absorption salt is the wherein a kind of of low temperature adsorbent.Under identical equalizing pressure, low temperature adsorbent has lower equilibrium temperature.

Fig. 9 shown device utilizes the heat of desorption of refrigerant vapour/chemical reaction heat absorption to freeze, not utilize the decalescence of refrigerant vapour to freeze, therefore without the need to configuring condenser and evaporimeter, expert of the art thinks that (see document [2], p.164) adsorbent bed serves the effect of condenser and evaporimeter simultaneously.This device can also utilize heat of adsorption/chemical heat release to carry out heat supply, as heat pump.Similarly, other embodiments of the invention can utilize the heat of desorption of cold-producing medium/chemical reaction heat absorption freeze (as refrigerating plant) or utilize heat of adsorption/chemical heat release to carry out heat supply (as heat pump assembly) equally, now, configuration condenser and evaporimeter is not needed.

The main distinction of the present embodiment and prior art is the heating/type of cooling of adsorbent bed.The heating process (for adsorbent bed 1A) of key diagram 9 device again: open valve 51,53, when each heat exchanger passes into identical heat medium simultaneously, because adsorbent bed 1A absorbs heat, the mean temperature of the absorber at adsorbent bed 1A place, lower than the mean temperature in heat exchanger 2A, therefore produces the heat transfer free convection of gas.If allow identical heat medium flow through heat exchanger 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A successively, then heat exchanger 2A has higher temperature, free convection better effects if.In addition, often discharge high temperature waste hot and low-temperature waste heat in some industrial plants simultaneously, high temperature waste hot is passed into heat exchanger 2A, low-temperature waste heat is passed into heat exchanger 3A, 4A, 5A, Fig. 9 device internal gas will be made to produce more significant heat transfer free convection.These modes can make adsorbent bed 1A obtain fast and uniform heating.Visible, technological thought of the present invention be exactly: first by apparatus design for its internal gas can have free-pouring passage or space, then utilize various condition in device, to cause larger temperature difference wittingly, thus generation heat transfer free convection carry out heating adsorption bed.

Embodiment 9

The present embodiment is similar to Example 8, all be the use of high temperature and cryogenic absorption salt, its difference is mainly, embodiment 8 utilizes the heat of desorption of cold-producing medium and/or chemical reaction heat absorption to produce cooling effect, and the present embodiment make use of the decalescence of cold-producing medium and heat of desorption and/or chemical reaction heat absorption simultaneously and produces cooling effect.Particularly as shown in Figure 10 and Fig. 3 (Fig. 3 is the top view of the absorber of Figure 10, heater and quencher moiety), inside there are six of high temperature adsorption salt absorbers 1 to connect and are samely specifically designed to the heat exchanger 110 of heating and the same heat exchanger 111 being specifically designed to cooling.The heat medium being specifically designed to the heat exchanger 110 of heating is the conduction oil coming from solar thermal collector array 30.Inside have the absorber 1 of high temperature adsorption salt and interior have between adsorbent bed 1A and 1B of cryogenic absorption salt be connected with condenser 112, cold-producing medium storage tank 12 and evaporimeter 113 in turn, adsorbent bed 1A and 1B is connected in parallel and common connects that to be specifically designed between the high temp. salt absorber of the heat exchanger 111(sorption cycle more in the past of cooling and low thermohaline absorber be directly be communicated with, and between the present embodiment high temp. salt absorber and low thermohaline absorber, be also connected in series the heat exchanger 111 being specifically designed to cooling, contribute to the pressure stability maintaining high temp. salt absorber and low thermohaline absorber like this).

The heating desorption operation of this device is that the heat utilizing solar thermal collector array 30 to provide by day carries out.As long as the heat that solar thermal collector array 30 provides can maintain the heat exchanger 110 being specifically designed to heating reach desorption temperature, just should make most of absorber 1 heating desorption as far as possible, then refrigerant liquid 11 is stored in cold-producing medium storage tank 12.In fact, the heating desorption of adsorbent bed is a kind of chemical energy storage process, exactly solar energy is converted to a kind of potential energy (chemical energy) that the adsorbent of desorb and cold-producing medium are formed jointly.According to calculating, the chemical energy storage density of ammonia salt system is about 0.8 ~ 1 GJ/m ³-ammonia salt, far above the sensible heat energy storage density of hot water or conduction oil, see document [10a].The present embodiment and existing solar thermal collection system unlike, Figure 10 device does not configure hot water thermal insulating energy-accumulating water tank or conduction oil insulation energy storage fuel tank.At night, Figure 10 device is that the absorber 1 of desorb and the chemical energy stored by refrigerant liquid 11 run to maintain it in dependence six.

During cooling adsorption operations, adsorbent bed 1A and 1B operated in anti-phase, when adsorbent bed 1A adsorbs to come the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot 113, adsorbent bed 1B is communicated with the heat exchanger 111 being specifically designed to cooling, owing to being specifically designed to the equalizing pressure of the refrigerant vapour pressure in the heat exchanger 111 of cooling lower than cryogenic absorption salt in adsorbent bed 1B, adsorbent bed 1B desorb.After operated in anti-phase, adsorbent bed 1B adsorbs to come the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot 113, and adsorbent bed 1A is communicated with and desorb with the heat exchanger 111 being specifically designed to cooling.

This device both can in summer as refrigerating plant to user's cooling, also can in winter as heat pump to user's heat supply.When summer is to user's cooling, the part coming from indoor air passes into evaporimeter 113, and under the effect of cold-producing medium evaporation endothermic, this part air is lowered the temperature; Another part comes from the heat exchanger that indoor air passes into adsorbent bed 1A or 1B, at heat of desorption effect borehole cooling.Indoor are returned to after air mixing after these two parts cool.When winter is to user's heat supply, the part coming from indoor air passes into condenser 112, under condensation of refrigerant exothermic effects, and this part atmosphere temperature rising; Another part comes from the heat exchanger that indoor air passes into adsorbent bed 1A or 1B, heats up under the heat of adsorption effect of cryogenic absorption salt; Another part comes from indoor air and passes into the heat exchanger 111 being specifically designed to cooling, heats up under the heat of adsorption effect of high temperature adsorption salt.Indoor are returned to after air mixing after this three parts heat temperature raising.

The embodiment 1 to 9 more than provided just lectures the specific embodiment of the present invention as an example with separate unit (cover) device.When adopting multiple stage (cover) device cooperation, in order to improve energy utilization efficiency further, the exchange of quality and energy between each absorber (bed), can also be carried out.The present invention so can with other senior circulating technology Combination application.These senior circulating technologies include but not limited to: extraction cycle, time matter circulation, heat wave circulation, autocascade cycle, multiple stage circulation, again sorption cycle, multiple multiple-effect circulation, stepwise regeneration circulation etc.When the present invention and other technical combinations use, relate to those parts of the present invention and be still included within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Apparently, the absorber heating/type of cooling that the present invention lectures is applicable to any physically based deformation absorption, chemisorbed or first adsorbs, and then the cooling/heating pump installation of the vapor solid system of chemical reaction occurs.

The present invention only relates to the common Thermal Equipment such as absorber, heat exchanger, is easier to be made as industry and the product for civilian use.The application scenario of current most worthy of the present invention is: (1) air conditioning for automobiles: the compressor cooling air-conditioning generally used now will drive compressor by automobile engine, and when turning on the aircondition, automobile fuel consumption increases by 10% to 20%.On the other hand, automobile engine does not obtain utilizing (heat of this part waste accounts for 35% of gasoline combustion total amount of heat) to the heat of environmental emission high-temp waste gas.Adsorption refrigerating device is suitable as air conditioning for automobiles, and heat medium can utilize engine exhaust, and cooling medium is car external environment air, and coolant media is air in car.(2) solar airconditioning: solar energy is clean energy resource, uses solar energy neither to consume fossil fuel, does not discharge pollutants again.Various embodiments of the present invention can be used as solar-heating cooling accumulation energy air conditioner.Heat medium is the heat-conducting medium of solar thermal collector, and cooling medium is surrounding air or cold water.(3) long-distance sand transport of low grade heat energy: the exemplary to a large amount of low grade heat energy of environmental emission is coal-burning power plant.The generating efficiency of coal-burning power plant is generally 45%, account for 55% of institute of coal-burning power plant burning coal total amount of heat to the flue gas (temperature is about 110 DEG C) of airborne release and the heat of cooling water (temperature is about 60 DEG C).These low grade heat energies cannot local use, and the sensible heat of flue gas and cooling water also cannot give other user by remote conveying.Low grade heat energy can be converted to the chemical energy of cold-producing medium by the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed, and then long-distance sand transport cold-producing medium arrives user side, then is converted to heat energy for user.

The corresponding same or analogous parts of same or analogous label;

The term describing position relationship in accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent;

Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.

Claims

1. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of a free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed, comprise absorber, heater, cooler, evaporimeter and condenser, it is characterized in that, the heating space of described heater, the cooling space of cooler are interconnected with absorber inner space respectively;

2. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, described heater and cooler unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, absorber, to be separately positioned on as the heat exchanger of heater and cooler in two cavitys that top and bottom be interconnected.

3. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 2 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, described evaporimeter and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, are communicated with the heat exchanger of condenser as evaporimeter with the bottom of absorber place cavity.

4. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, heater, absorber and cooler are placed in the cavity of three spaces separations respectively, the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively, and the top of absorber place cavity and lower end are interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end respectively.

5. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt same heat exchanger, as heater and evaporimeter heat exchanger, absorber, be arranged in same cavity as the heat exchanger of cooler and condenser, set gradually from top to bottom in this cavity as the heat exchanger of heater and evaporimeter, absorber, heat exchanger as cooler and condenser.

6. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, heater and evaporimeter unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser unite two into one and adopt one or more heat exchanger; One or more heat exchangers as heater and evaporimeter, the one or more heat exchangers as cooler and condenser, absorber are arranged in same cavity;

7. the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1,2,4 and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed, is characterized in that, also comprise cold-producing medium storage tank;

8. the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1,4 and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, described heater is solar thermal collector.

9. the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6 and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, absorber comprises several, high-temperature adsorbing agent is had in several absorbers wherein, have low temperature adsorbent in remaining absorber, have the absorber of high-temperature adsorbing agent in described and described in have the absorber of low temperature adsorbent to be interconnected.

10. the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6 and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed, it is characterized in that, also comprise circulating fan, the two ends of circulating fan and absorber are connected and are formed gas circulation loop.