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CN104768786B - 用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件 - Google Patents

用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104768786B
CN104768786B CN201380054184.3A CN201380054184A CN104768786B CN 104768786 B CN104768786 B CN 104768786B CN 201380054184 A CN201380054184 A CN 201380054184A CN 104768786 B CN104768786 B CN 104768786B
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China
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
supporting member
region
dual
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CN201380054184.3A
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CN104768786A (zh
Inventor
托尔斯滕·克拉姆
汉西·格兰姆普林尼
托马斯·沃尔夫
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Magna PT BV and Co KG
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Getrag Getriebe und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer GmbH and Co
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Priority claimed from DE201310109366 external-priority patent/DE102013109366A1/de
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Publication of CN104768786A publication Critical patent/CN104768786A/zh
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/08—Details or arrangements of sealings not provided for in group F16D3/84
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912—Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/914—Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于双离合器变速器(14)的双离合器组件(20)，该双离合器组件(20)具有输入轴(16)、第一摩擦离合器(24)、第二摩擦离合器(26)、第一输出轴(32)、第二输出轴(42)、第一活塞/缸组件(60)、以及第二活塞/缸组件(62)；其中，摩擦离合器(24、26)的输入元件(28、38)连接至输入轴(16)；其中，摩擦离合器(24、26)的输出元件(30、40)各自连接至所述两个输出轴(32、42)中的一者；其中，摩擦离合器(24、26)能够各自借助于活塞/缸组件(60、62)中的一者致动；其中，每个活塞/缸组件(60、62)具有活塞(64、76)，该活塞(64、76)被支承为能够相对于相关联的缸(66、78)轴向地移动；其中，每个缸(66、78)均在位于径向外侧的区域中、于背向活塞(64、76)的侧部上支承在支承件(68、80)上；并且其中，每个缸(66、78)均在位于径向内侧的区域中、于背向活塞(64、76)的侧部上与该支承件(68、80)间隔开。

Description

用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件
技术领域
本发明涉及用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件，其具有输入轴、第一摩擦离合器、第二摩擦离合器、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、第一活塞/缸组件以及第二活塞/缸组件，其中，摩擦离合器的输入元件连接至输入轴；其中，摩擦离合器的输出元件各自连接至两个输出轴中的一者；其中，摩擦离合器能够各自借助于活塞/缸组件中的一者致动；并且其中，每个活塞/缸组件均具有活塞，该活塞被支承为能够在相关联的缸中轴向地移动。
背景技术
这种双离合器组件从DE102008055681A1中已知。
双离合器变速器具有双离合器组件和两个变速器部分。所述变速器部分通常为副轴构造。在不中断牵引力的情况下的档位改变可通过重叠致动双离合器组件的两个离合器来执行。这种类型的双离合器变速器适用于机动车辆、特别适用于载客机动车辆。
在双离合器组件中，现今通常使用流体操作的摩擦离合器、例如，湿式多片离合器。因此，DE102008055681A1示出了如下的双离合器组件，即，在该双离合器组件中，两个摩擦离合器中的每个摩擦离合器均被分配有活塞/缸组件，所述两个摩擦离合器一个径向地套接在另一个内。第一摩擦离合器布置在径向内侧，第二摩擦离合器布置在径向外侧。流体经由固定至壳体的毂与毂外壳之间的、可旋转地安装在毂上的旋转接头供给至活塞/缸组件。活塞/缸组件固定至毂外壳。每个活塞/缸组件具有活塞和缸，其中，活塞安装成能够在关联的缸中轴向地移动，活塞和缸以压力密封的方式围绕活塞室。每个活塞室可借助于流体被加压。当流体供给至活塞室时，其内的活塞被轴向地压抵关联的摩擦离合器的片包，并且摩擦离合器由于摩擦接合而被封闭。活塞室中的压力为10bar及以上，同时活塞的在片包上的轴向接触压力为5KN及以上。
这种双离合器组件的缺点在于下述事实，即，活塞的在片包上的较高的接触压力导致在缸上的较高的反作用力，使得缸具有相应的大而重的构造，这需要安装空间并且增大了材料成本。
作为解决方案，DE102006010113A1示出了一种具有活塞/缸组件的双离合器组件，所述活塞/缸组件固定至毂并且具有安装成能够在相关联的缸中轴向地移动的活塞。在背向活塞的侧部上，缸借助于固定至壳体的毂的保持环被支承，以便以此方式以最小的安装空间和较低的材料成本吸收反作用力。
现在，已经证明的是，这种双离合器组件的缺点为缸的密封材料会在固定至壳体的毂的保持环上摩擦，并因而会磨损。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的为改进这些用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件。
根据本发明，该目的通过下述的用于双离合器变速器的双离合器组件实现，其具有输入轴、第一摩擦离合器、第二摩擦离合器、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、第一活塞/缸组件以及第二活塞/缸组件；其中，摩擦离合器的输入元件连接至输入轴；其中，摩擦离合器的输出元件各自连接至所述两个输出轴中的一者；其中，所述摩擦离合器能够各自借助于所述活塞/缸组件中的一者致动；并且其中，每个活塞/缸组件具有活塞，该活塞被支承为能够相对于相关联的缸轴向地移动；其中，每个缸在位于径向外侧的区域中背向活塞的侧部上特别是沿轴向方向支承在支承件上；并且其中，每个缸在位于径向内侧的区域中背向活塞的侧部上与该支承件间隔开。
对比DE102006010113A1，其中，活塞/缸组件的缸在缸的径向内侧区域中支承在保持环上，这种支承在本发明的双离合器组件中的缸的径向外区域中发生。这是有利的，因为现有技术中的缸形成第二类杆，通过所述第二类杆作用于缸的反作用力在带扭矩的情况下引入到位于缸的径向内侧区域中的保持环中，而根据本发明的缸并不形成这种第二类杆，并且因此，也无扭矩作用在支承件上。因此，由于反作用力在无任何扭矩的情况下引入到支承件中，因而缸自身可以以最小的材料需求来实施。
支承件优选地设计为能够被推动到毂上的环状元件。
径向外区域优选地沿径向布置于将活塞轴向地支承在初始位置中的缸的接触部分的外侧。
根据优选的实施方式，每个支承件至少在某个区域或某些区域中沿着所述支承件的轴向对准线远离相关联的缸弯成弓形。
这是有利的，因为支承件通过该弓形被加强以吸收反作用力。因此在活塞/缸组件中存在功能性分离，通过该功能性分离，缸被设计成用于轴向地支承活塞而同时支承件被特别地设计成吸收反作用力。借助于该功能性分离，所需的安装空间保持为最小并且用于材料的成本被保持为较低。
进一步优选的是每个支承件应当在径向内侧区域中特别是沿轴向方向支承在保持环上。
因此，反作用力并非从缸直接地引入到保持环中，如在DE102006010113A1中所教示的那样；相反，反作用力在径向外区域中从缸注入到支承件中并且在径向内侧区域中从支承件注入到保持环中。借助于反作用力被引入到中间支承件中的事实，缸可以被设计成用于轴向支承活塞，而支承件被特别地设计成吸收反作用力。借助于功能上的分离，所需的安装空间保持至最小并且用于材料的成本保持为最低。
根据另一优选的实施方式，每个缸在某个区域或某些区域中设置有密封材料以密封地围绕由活塞和关联的缸所形成的活塞室；并且缸的密封材料与支承件间隔开。
这具有缸的密封材料不会在支承件上摩擦因而不会磨损的优点。
因此完全实现了目的。
以上提到的特征以及那些有待以下说明的特征不但可以以相应地指出的组合使用，而且可以以其它组合使用或在不超出本发明的范围的情况下单独地使用。
附图说明
本发明通过图中的示例的方式图示并且在图的描述中更详细地说明，其中：
图1示出双离合器组件的第一实施方式；
图2示出图1的放大的细节；
图3示出双离合器组件的第二实施方式；
图4示出图3的放大的细节；
图5示出双离合器组件的第三实施方式；以及
图6示出图5的放大的细节。
具体实施方式
在附图的以下描述中，为相同的特征提供相同的附图标记。如果在单个特征之间存在显著差异，这将会被明确地指出。
图1至图6示出具有驱动马达(未示出)例如内燃发动机的传动系10。传动系10还具有双离合器变速器14，该双离合器变速器14的输入轴16连接至驱动马达的曲轴。双离合器变速器14具有从动轴(同样未示出)，该从动轴能够以目前已知的方式连接至机动车辆的从动轮。
该双离合器变速器14具有双离合器组件20，该双离合器组件20容置在壳体(未示出)中。
双离合器组件20包括第一摩擦离合器24和第二摩擦离合器26。该两个摩擦离合器24、26布置成一个径向地套接在另一个内，其中，第一摩擦离合器24定位于径向外侧。相关的术语径向内侧和径向外侧在下文相对于双离合器组件20的对称中心轴而使用。该对称中心轴例如对应于输入轴16的轴线。
该第一摩擦离合器24具有联接至输入轴16的第一输入元件28。为此，第一输入元件28被连接以便与驱动器片29一起旋转。驱动器片29——该驱动器片29大致沿径向方向延伸——在轴向方向上具有驱动器环，该驱动器环具有内齿。在内齿的帮助下，驱动器片29能够联接至输入轴16，为此，该输入轴16具有对应的外齿。
第一输入元件28以笼状方式轴向地延伸。该两个摩擦离合器24、26布置在第一输入元件28的径向内侧。
第一摩擦离合器24还具有第一输出元件30。第一输出元件30连接至双离合器组件20的第一输出轴32。输出轴32设计为实心轴并且连接至双离合器变速器14的第一变速器部分。第一输出元件30类似地以笼状的方式设计，并且在第一输入元件28内径向地延伸，其中，第一摩擦离合器24容置在第一输出元件30与第一输入元件28之间。
第二摩擦离合器26具有第二输入元件38，该第二输入元件38联接至输入轴16。第二输入元件38例如通过焊接结合被连接以便与第一输入元件28共同旋转。第二摩擦离合器26还具有第二输出元件40。第二输出元件类似地以笼状的方式设计并且在第一输出元件30内径向地延伸。第二输出元件40连接至第二输出轴42，该第二输出轴42设置为与第一输出轴32同中心的中空轴。第二输出轴42连接至双离合器变速器14的第二变速器部分。如以上提到的，第一输入元件28、包括驱动器片29、第一输出元件30和第二输出元件40，从输入轴16的部分开始以笼状的方式朝向变速器部分或朝向从动轴延伸。另一方面，双离合器组件20具有固定至壳体的毂46，该毂46从变速器部分的区域朝向输入轴16的区域沿轴向方向延伸。在双离合器组件20的区域中，毂46具有大致圆筒形形状。在该情况下，固定至壳体的毂46与两个输出轴32、42同轴地布置并在此围绕所述两个输出轴32、42。
轴向轴承(未具体地表示)在此设置在毂46的固定至壳体的端部与输出元件30、40的径向部分与驱动器片29的径向部分之间。这些轴向轴承在径向方向上与相对于毂46可旋转地安装的毂外壳48对准。
毂外壳48在双离合器组件14的区域中为圆筒形设计，并且与输出轴32、42同轴地布置。
毂外壳48可以在其与从动轴相反的端部上具有齿。这些齿可以与液压泵(此处未示出)的对应的齿啮合以使对双离合器组件14进行致动和/或润滑所需的流体穿过毂外壳48中的单个开口52。例如可钻出或冲出开口52，图1至图6示出了开口52中的三个。开口52与毂46中周向地设置的槽和中央通道流体连通。流体穿过毂46经由开口52进入双离合器组件14中。
在两个径向轴承58的帮助下，双离合器组件14大致支承在毂46上。因此，径向轴承58用于支承输入元件28、38。以此方式，双离合器组件20的多个元件可被保持为绕毂46旋转。尽管径向轴承58主要吸收径向力，但径向轴承58也可以被设计成吸收轴向力。径向轴承58被封闭，其中，开口52被布置在密封件之间的空间中。这里，第一输入元件28同样地在其背向输入轴16的侧部上连接至毂外壳48。
为了对所述两个摩擦离合器24、26进行致动，设置了第一活塞/缸组件60和第二活塞/缸组件62。活塞/缸组件60、62以相同的半径(相对于总体系统的公共旋转轴线)布置在相互相反的侧上。
第一活塞/缸组件60具有第一活塞64，该第一活塞64安装成能够在第一缸66中沿轴向方向移动。由此形成的活塞室经由毂外壳48中的开口52中的一个开口连接至固定于壳体的毂46内的中央通道。
第一活塞64的外侧径向地向外延伸并且具有轴向部分。活塞64的径向外侧的轴向部分设计成使第一摩擦离合器24轴向地经受轴向接触压力以封闭摩擦离合器24。
第一活塞64与第一输入元件28和第二输入元件38一起旋转。第一活塞64还与固定至毂外壳的缸66一起旋转。
第一活塞64的上轴向部——该上轴向部会碰撞第一摩擦离合器24的片包——延伸穿过第二输入元件38的径向部分中的开口(这里未具体地示出)。
具有用于供给流体的内通道的T形旋转元件70设置在与第一活塞/缸组件60相反的侧部上。第一弹簧组件74设置在第一活塞64与旋转构件70之间以将第一活塞64预加载入开口位置中。为此，第一弹簧组件74被支承在旋转构件70的径向腹板上，并且沿轴向方向——沿图1、3和5中的变速器部分的方向——推动第一活塞64远离径向部。为了对第一摩擦离合器24进行致动，液压流体被供给至第一活塞/缸组件60，使得第一活塞64沿相反的方向被移动并因此将轴向接触压力施加在第一摩擦离合器24的片包上。
第二活塞/缸组件62以对应的方式构造，优选地由相同的部件构造而成，例如，以作为第一活塞/缸组件60的镜像图像的方式构造而成。因此，第一活塞/缸组件60和第二活塞/缸组件62可以通过类似的或相同的部件实施，特别是以相同的通道开口半径实施，从而产生较高程度的模块化和较少的多样性。
第二活塞/缸组件62相应地具有第二缸78，该第二缸78被连接以便与毂外壳46一起旋转，更具体地，第二缸78大致相邻于第二输出元件40。
第二活塞/缸组件82还具有第二活塞76。第二活塞76的径向部分搁置在第二径向内摩擦离合器26的片包上。因此，第二活塞/缸组件62能够将第二轴向接触压力施加在第二摩擦离合器26上，其中，第二轴向接触压力与第一轴向力相反地对准。
沿图1、3和5中的输入轴16的方向对第二活塞76进行预加载的第二弹簧组件84设置在旋转构件70的另一径向部分与第二活塞/缸组件62的第二活塞78之间。
第二活塞/缸组件62的活塞室通过毂外壳48中的开口52连接至毂46中的中央通道。不证自明的是，液压回路(这里未具体地示出)也具有通道，经由这些通道，可以将冷却流体供给至摩擦离合器24、26。在该情况下，冷却流体供给至旋转构件70的区域中的室并且供给至旋转构件70中的径向通道并且经由固定至壳体的毂46中的中央通道供给至摩擦离合器24、26。不证自明的是，在输入元件38和输出元件30、40中的每一者中设置适当的径向开口以向片包提供适当的流动。
每个缸66、78均在径向外区域中、于背向活塞64、76的侧部上支承在支承件68、80上，而每个缸66、78在径向内侧区域中、于背向活塞64、76的侧部上与支承件68、80间隔开。支承件68、80优选地由具有若干毫米的厚度的金属板制成。支承件68、80因此在径向外区域中从径向内侧区域延伸。相对于毂外壳48，径向内侧区域优选地具有5mm至2cm的径向长度。并且径向外区域优选地相对于毂外壳48具有5cm至12cm的径向长度。如在图2、图4和图6中详细地图示的，活塞64、76与支承件68、80之间的在径向内侧区域中的间距81的尺寸优选地在0.05mm至0.5mm的量级。在知道了本发明的情况下，本领域中的技术人员当然也能够实施径向内侧区域的3cm或5cm的更大的径向长度以及径向外区域的20cm或25cm的更大的径向长度。本领域中的技术人员也能够实施1mm或5mm的较大的间距。然而，这些较大的径向长度或较大的空间要求更多的安装空间。
根据图1、图3和图5中的优选的实施方式，每个支承件68、80至少在某个区域或某些区域中沿其轴向取向远离相关联的缸66、76弯成弓形。支承件68、80优选地在中央区域中远离相关联的缸66、76轴向地弯成弓形，而支承件68、80在径向内侧区域中以及径向外区域中径向地对准。
弯成弓形在生产技术方面可以以不同的方式实施。直板形式的半成品版本的支承件68、80优选地被弯曲。这样，图1和图2中的第一实施方式示出在中央区域中具有矩形板区域的支承件68、80。图3和图4中的第二实施方式示出在中央区域中具有圆形板区域的支承件68、80。图5和图6中的第三实施方式示出在中央区域中具有三角形板区域的支承件68、80。中央板区域优选地具有通过折叠部彼此连接的一个或更多个直的或弯曲的板部分。支承件68、80的中央区域优选地通过折叠部连接至径向内侧区域并连接至径向外区域。折叠部中的每一者优选地以很大程度上恒定的径向距离布置。
每个支承件68、80优选地在径向内侧区域中支承在保持环59上。保持环59在支承件68、80上布置在背向活塞64、76的侧部上。保持环59优选地由在轴向方向上几毫米厚并且在径向方向上5mm至2cm长的金属板制造而成。保持环59具有基本上跨径向内侧区域的径向长度。保持环59被保持在毂外壳48中的对应的槽中。当活塞64、76被按压成接触时，反作用力由此在径向外区域中从相关联的缸66、78注入到支承件68、80中，并且反作用力在径向内侧区域中从支承件68、80注入到保持环59中。在已经知道本发明的情况下、本领域技术人员当然也能够实施具有比1cm更大的厚度以及比3cm或5cm更大的长度的保持环。同样在这里，情况是这种更大的厚度或长度要求更大的安装空间。
如在图1至图6中示出的实施方式中图示的，每个缸66、78均在某个区域或某些区域中设置有密封材料67、79，以便以压力紧密地围绕由活塞64、76和相关联的缸66、78形成的活塞室；缸66、78的密封材料67、79与支承件68、80间隔开。密封材料67、79优选地布置在缸66、78的径向外端部区域中以及缸66、78的径向内端部区域中。密封材料67、79优选地喷射到缸66、78的端部区域上。而缸66、78的径向外端部区域延伸至支承件68、80的径向外侧，并且因此与支承件68、80间隔开，缸66、78的径向内端部区域与支承件68、80通过活塞64、76与支承件68、80之间的间距81间隔开。在知道了本发明的情况下，本领域中的技术人员当然也能够使用诸如O形圈之类的容纳在对应的槽中的环形密封材料。
尽管摩擦离合器24、26被表示为图1至图6中的湿式多片式离合器，但不证自明的是根据本发明的双离合器组件20的构造也可以用于干式摩擦离合器。在该情况下，例如可经由在湿式离合器中用于供给冷却油的通道对冷却空气进行进给。
总体上，因而能够构造配装有湿式或干式摩擦离合器的模块化系统的双离合器组件。基本的构造能够用于这里的任何变体。
不证自明的是，图1至6中的双离合器组件20也可以构造有固定至壳体的活塞/缸组件60、62。活塞/缸组件60、62则将被直接地安装到毂46上，在该情况下，在旋转构件70的区域中可能会需要附加的径向轴承，如在DE102006010113B4中示出的，这被明确地包括在具有固定以共同旋转的活塞/缸组件的双离合器组件的构造方面。
附图标记
10 传动系
14 双离合器变速器
16 输入轴
20 双离合器组件
24 第一摩擦离合器
26 第二摩擦离合器
28 第一输入元件
29 驱动器片
30 第一输出元件
32 第一输出轴
38 第二输入元件
40 第二输出元件
42 第二输出轴
46 毂
48 毂外壳
52 开口
58 径向轴承
59 安全环
60 第一活塞/缸组件
62 第二活塞/缸组件
64 第一活塞
66 第一缸
67 第一缸的密封材料
68 第一支承件
70 旋转构件
74 第一弹簧组件
76 第二活塞
78 第二缸
79 第二缸的密封材料
80 第二支承件
81 间距
84 第二弹簧组件

Claims (10)

1.一种用于双离合器变速器(14)的双离合器组件(20)，所述双离合器组件(20)具有输入轴(16)、第一摩擦离合器(24)、第二摩擦离合器(26)、第一输出轴(32)、第二输出轴(42)、第一活塞/缸组件(60)、以及第二活塞/缸组件(62)；其中，所述摩擦离合器(24、26)的输入元件(28、38)连接至所述输入轴(16)；其中，所述摩擦离合器(24、26)的输出元件(30、40)各自连接至所述两个输出轴(32、42)中的一者；其中，所述摩擦离合器(24、26)能够各自借助于所述活塞/缸组件(60、62)中的一者致动；并且其中，每个活塞/缸组件(60、62)具有活塞(64、76)，所述活塞(64、76)被支承为能够相对于相关联的缸(66、78)轴向地移动；其特征在于，每个缸(66、78)均在位于径向外侧的区域中、于背向所述活塞(64、76)的侧部上支承在支承件(68、80)上；每个缸(66、78)均在位于径向内侧的区域中、于背向所述活塞(64、76)的侧部上与所述支承件(68、80)间隔开；并且每个支承件(68、80)均在径向内侧区域中支承在保持环(59)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，所述活塞(64、76)与所述支承件(68、80)之间的在所述支承件(68、80)的径向内侧区域中的间距(81)为0.05mm至0.5mm的量级。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，每个支承件(68、80)至少在某个区域或某些区域中沿着所述支承件的轴向对准线远离相关联的缸(66、78)弯成弓形。
4.根据权利要求3所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，所述支承件(68、80)在中央区域中远离相关联的缸(66、76)轴向地弯成弓形；并且所述支承件(68、80)在径向内侧区域中以及在径向外侧区域中径向地对准。
5.根据权利要求4所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，在所述中央区域中，所述支承件(68、80)具有特别是纵向截面呈矩形的板区域。
6.根据权利要求4所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，在所述中央区域中，所述支承件(68、80)具有特别是纵向截面呈圆形的板区域。
7.根据权利要求4所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，在所述中央区域中，所述支承件(68、80)具有特别是纵向截面呈三角形的板区域。
8.根据权利要求1所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，所述保持环(59)布置在所述支承件(68、80)的背向所述活塞(64、76)的侧部上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，当存在来自活塞(64、76)的接触压力时，反作用力在径向外侧区域中从相关联的缸(66、78)注入到所述支承件(68、80)中；并且所述反作用力在径向内侧区域中从所述支承件(68、80)注入到所述保持环(59)中。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的双离合器组件(20)，其特征在于，每个缸(66、78)在某个区域或某些区域中设置有密封材料(67、79)，以便密封地围绕由活塞(64、76)和相关联的缸(66、78)所形成的活塞室；并且所述缸(66、78)的所述密封材料(67、79)与所述支承件(68、80)间隔开。
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