CN104689764A - Heat insulation reactor with controllable temperature - Google Patents
Heat insulation reactor with controllable temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN104689764A CN104689764A CN201510119027.7A CN201510119027A CN104689764A CN 104689764 A CN104689764 A CN 104689764A CN 201510119027 A CN201510119027 A CN 201510119027A CN 104689764 A CN104689764 A CN 104689764A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of equipment for chemical engineering technologies, and specifically relates to a heat insulation reactor with a controllable temperature. The heat insulation reactor with the controllable temperature comprises a reactor body (1), a cold shock gas distributor (2), and a temperature measurement/cold shock gas regulating device (3). The heat insulation reactor with the controllable temperature is characterized in that: the cold shock gas distributor (2) is arranged in the central position of the reactor body (1); the cold shock gas distributor (2) is installed in the central position of a catalyst bed layer; and the cold shock gas distributor (2) is connected with the temperature measurement/cold shock gas regulating device (3). The heat insulation reactor with the controllable temperature is able to solve the safety problem, the production cost problem, and the like, in the manufacture and operations of the reactor, because a reactor housing suffers a higher pressure in a gas phase catalyzed violent exothermic reaction while suffering a sharp temperature rise caused by the reaction. By using the heat insulation reactor with the controllable temperature, the complexity of the entire structure of the equipment can be solved; the production ability can be increased; and the economical efficiency of running the production equipment can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chemical Engineering Technology apparatus field, be specially a kind of adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable.
Background technology
Along with the development of chemical industry, adiabatic reactor is more widely used.Adiabatic reactor has loaded catalyst large, the multiple advantages such as device structure is relatively simple, weight of equipment is relatively little, but the potential safety hazard of adiabatic reactor is not well solved all the time, in fields such as synthesis gas synthesizing methanol, gas-phase catalytic hydrogenations once because beds overtemperature causes the serious problems of catalysqt deactivation, sintering, the overtemperature of beds also easily causes the potential safety hazard of equipment simultaneously.
Common adiabatic reactor is multiplex in techniques such as the reaction of gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas synthesizing methanols, and the common feature of this technique is gas phase exothermic reaction.Usually rely on the control that raw material cold shock realizes reaction bed temperature in traditional handicraft, however raw material add and can promote the further propelling of answering chemistry side, the temperature in adiabatic reactor is raised further, reaches molecular balance always.Therefore, there is the security risk of catalyst overtemperature inactivation and the over-temp and over-pressure of reactor apparatus own in current adiabatic reactor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above technology and safety problem, the adiabatic reactor of the reaction of a kind of applicable gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas synthesizing methanol controllable temperature is provided.The cold shock gas different according to different process selections, by the chain control to beds focus, reach the object accurately controlling reaction bed temperature, thus ensure that the normal use of catalyst, eliminate the equipment explosion risk because overtemperature, superpressure cause.The adiabatic reactor of this controllable temperature has the advantage that catalyst capacity is large, positive reaction conversion ratio is high and safe and reliable simultaneously.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable, comprise reactor body, cold shock gas distributor and thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, its cold shock gas distributor is arranged on the center of reactor body, thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, cold shock gas distributor is arranged on the center of beds, and cold shock gas distributor is connected with thermometric and cold shock air regulating device.Thermometric and cold shock air regulating device are by the gas regulation valve regulation associated with quench gas temperature.
Described thermometric and cold shock air regulating device regulate the flow of cold shock gas, reach the effect controlling beds hot(test)-spot temperature.
The structure of described cold shock gas distributor is coiler-type or straight pipe type, is arranged on the center of beds, and aperture offered by cold shock gas distributor, makes cold shock gas require that radial direction or tangential distribution are in the reaction zone of reactor according to reaction; Cold shock gas distributor makes cold shock gas pass in reactor by the difference that perforate distributes.
Arrange catalytic bed in described reactor body centre position, cold shock gas distributor is arranged on the center of beds.Point for measuring temperature is arranged on catalytic bed hotspot location place.
Cold shock gas is the unstripped gas of cold conditions or cold conditions inert gas, this reactor product is one or more in the cold conditions product of gaseous state;
The adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable is especially applicable to the reaction of gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas synthesizing methanol etc.
Good effect of the present invention is embodied in:
(1), the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable is applied to gas phase catalysis exothermal reaction process, comprises the reaction of gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas synthesizing methanol etc.;
(2), the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable has safe and reliable, that catalyst capacity large, positive reaction conversion ratio is high, thermal balance is effective feature.
(3), can solve and in the reaction of gas phase catalysis very exothermic, elevated pressures should be born due to reactor shell bear the problem such as the manufacture to reactor, operating safety, production cost that steep temperature rise that reaction brings causes again.
(4), use this reactor can solve equipment overall structure complexity, improve production capacity, improve production equipment performance driving economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is thermometric and cold shock gas regulating system sketch;
Fig. 2 is longitudinal sectional structure chart of the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable.
Fig. 3 is conventional methanation process flow diagram;
Wherein, 1---reactor body, 2---cold shock gas distributor, 3---thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, 4---catalyst, a 5---muscle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure mono-and figure bis-, cold shock gas distributor is positioned at the center of beds, i.e. the center of reactor body, and on have aperture and make cold shock gas require in radial or tangential distribution reactor reaction zone according to reaction; Cold shock gas distributor makes cold shock gas pass in reactor body by the difference that perforate distributes.
Cold shock gas distributor is connected with thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, can be made reactor body entirety by thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, be lowered the temperature uniformly;
Thermometric and cold shock air regulating device comprise cold shock gas control valve and temp measuring system composition, and form regulating loop.
Inert gas control valve, unstripped gas control valve, reclaim gas product control valve and temperature measuring equipment and constitute thermometric and cold shock air regulating device with the gas control valve of temperature association.By the adjustment of thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, the amount controlling to pass into cold shock gas reaches the effect regulating temperature.In thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, inert gas control valve can regulate the input quantity of inert gas, because native system Raw gas, gas product are flammable explosive gas, so inert gas can play protective gas in the present system, dilute the effect of unstripped gas and cooling; In thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, unstripped gas control valve can regulate the output quantity of unstripped gas, pass into control cold unstripped gas output quantity can not feed change gas composition and play cooling effect, generally in the micro-super lower use of temperature; In thermometric and cold shock air regulating device, reclaim gas product control valve can regulate the output quantity reclaiming gas product, pass into the output quantity controlling to reclaim gas product, cooling can be played to a certain extent, suppress the effect of unstripped gas positive reaction, generally exceeding temperature comparatively relative superiority or inferiority use, inert gas should be input into simultaneously; Reclaiming gas product can be one or more of gas product.
Embodiment:
Illustrate for synthesis gas methanation reaction process,
General containing H in the synthesis gas that coal obtains through gasifying, changing, purify
2, CO, CH
4, H
2o, C
2h
6and inert gas, concrete gas composition is relevant with the gasifying process adopted with the kind of coal.Inert gas in synthesis gas is generally N
2and Ar.Synthesis gas methanation reaction is multiple reaction, comprises main reaction and side reaction.Draw the rising with reaction temperature by calculation of thermodynamics, the standard thermodynamic equilibrium constant of each reaction reduces all piece by piece.
Therefore, should reaction temperature be avoided more than 800K for the reaction of CO preparing natural gas by methanation as far as possible, preferably control at below 700K.Methanation reaction is conducive to the carrying out of methanation reaction at about 600K.
2 new and old process ration (effect)
The reaction process (as shown in Figure 3) that current coal process for producing natural methanation both at home and abroad mostly adopts high temperature multistage fixed bed reactor to connect.Traditional handicraft Raw gas is by entering the first methanator after preheater preheats, unstripped gas carries out catalytic exothermic reaction in the first methanator, temperature of reaction kettle is controlled by turnover doses (namely controlling the conversion ratio of gas product), reaction gas temperature is reduced by heat exchanger after gas product extraction, then enter next methanator, repeat above process; Methanator is due to by the restriction of reaction temperature, and unstripped gas can not complete reaction in methanator, can only by the series connection use realize target product of multistage methanator.
The present invention passes into cold shock gas by cold shock gas distributor in methanator makes temperature in methanator be effectively controlled, and ensures that reaction gas more reacts completely in methanator.The present invention passes into the gas product that cold shock gas is cold conditions.In cold shock gas regulating system, regulate the cold conditions gas product flow after pressurization, thus reduce the concentration participating in hydrogen and the carbon monoxide reacted, reach the target reducing reaction rate, thus effectively control reaction temperature.
3 embodiment effects:
Carry out in the first paragraph reactor of reaction all in methanation reaction process in following examples, first paragraph methanator is with total volume 5m
3for example.Reaction correction data is shown in following form.
Table 3-1 conventional methanation reactor reaction major parameter
Table 3-2 conventional methanation reactor key component conversion ratio and yield situation
| Component | Conversion ratio % | Yield % |
| H 2 | 41.58 | - |
| CO | 90.36 | - |
| CO 2 | 29.1 | - |
| CH 4 | - | 65.1 |
Table 3-3 novel methanation reactor reaction major parameter
Table 3-4 key component conversion ratio and yield situation
| Component | Conversion ratio % | Yield % |
| H 2 | 45.39 | - |
| CO | 95.1 | - |
| CO 2 | 35.43 | - |
| CH 4 | - | 71.78 |
As can be seen from above two groups of data, adopt novel methanation reactor with conventional methanation reactor when keeping reaction feed component, inlet amount etc. consistent, its operating temperature obtains effectively control and conversion ratio and yield all obtain certain lifting.
It is simple, practical that the good effect of this patent is embodied in structure, can be applicable to gas phase catalysis exothermic process, comprise the reaction of gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, synthesis gas synthesizing methanol etc.
Claims (6)
1. the adiabatic reactor of a temperature controllable, comprise reactor body (1), cold shock gas distributor (2) and thermometric and cold shock air regulating device (3), it is characterized in that: cold shock gas distributor (2) is arranged on the center of beds, the i.e. center of reactor body (1), cold shock gas distributor (2) is connected with cold shock air regulating device (3).
2. the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermometric and cold shock air regulating device (3) comprise cold shock gas control valve, temperature measuring equipment, and wherein temperature measuring equipment is connected with cold shock gas control valve and forms regulating loop.
3. the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the structure of described cold shock gas distributor (2) is coiler-type or straight pipe type.
4. the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cold shock gas is the unstripped gas of cold conditions or the inert gas of cold conditions.
5. the adiabatic reactor of temperature controllable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: point for measuring temperature is arranged on the hotspot location place of beds.
6. according to the adiabatic reactor of the temperature controllable in claim 1-5 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that: this adiabatic reactor is applied to gas phase catalysis exothermal reaction process, comprise the reaction of gas phase hydrogenation, gas-phase dehydration, hydrogen and the methanation of carbon monoxide, the reaction of synthesis gas synthesizing methanol.
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| CN201510119027.7A CN104689764A (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | Heat insulation reactor with controllable temperature |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105749818A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-13 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Low temperature methanation reactor and working process |
| CN107513016A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-26 | 惠生工程（中国）有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing methyl acetate |
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Application publication date: 20150610 |