CN104655494A - Dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing dynamic characteristics of deepwater natural gas hydrate sediment - Google Patents
Dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing dynamic characteristics of deepwater natural gas hydrate sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104655494A CN104655494A CN201510075840.9A CN201510075840A CN104655494A CN 104655494 A CN104655494 A CN 104655494A CN 201510075840 A CN201510075840 A CN 201510075840A CN 104655494 A CN104655494 A CN 104655494A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing dynamic characteristics of a deepwater natural gas hydrate sediment. The tester comprises a loading frame, wherein a lifting oil cylinder for lifting a cylinder hood of a pressure chamber is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the loading frame, a load sensor is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the loading frame, and a loading oil cylinder connected with a dynamic servo oil source system through a servo valve is arranged at the lower end of the loading frame; a base is arranged on the upper part of the loading oil cylinder, and an oil in-and-out hole of the pressure chamber and a cooling circulating liquid in-and-out hole are formed in the base; the base is hermetically connected with the cylinder hood of the pressure chamber through a seal ring, a snap ring and a snap ring fixing sleeve so as to form the pressure chamber; a lower pressure pad is arranged in the middle of the base and the top end of the lower pressure pad is connected with one end of a test sample through a lower seepage mat; the other end of the test sample is connected with one end of an upper pressure pad through an upper seepage mat, the other end of the upper pressure pad is connected with an end face of a piston, and the top of the piston is arranged corresponding to the load sensor; a heat exchanger is arranged in the middle part of the test sample, and is connected with a constant temperature tank which is arranged outside the dynamic triaxial tester through the cooling circulating liquid in-and-out hole in the base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test instrument in a kind of natural gas hydrate deposits thing measuring mechanical characteristics field, particularly about a kind of dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics.
Background technology
Gas Hydrate Resources is abundant, energy density is high, is a kind of novel clean energy having DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT, and its safe working has become the new study hotspot of 21 century industrial gas oil.But gas hydrate are different from the conventional resource such as oil, rock gas, and it is present in reservoir with form that is cementing or skeletal support.It is also a kind of metastable state material simultaneously, and temperature raises or pressure reduction all likely causes decomposition of hydrate.Hydrate sediment after disassembly, solid water compound is transformed into aqueous water and methane gas, between soil particle, cementation disappears, pore pressure increases, cause effective stress to reduce, when being subject to the affecting of the dynamic load such as earthquake, wave, may produce softening, gasify even thixotropy phenomenon, cause the unstability of hydrate deposit, cause the destruction on subsea production facility and works basis.Therefore, the mechanical response characteristic safe working to gas hydrate of researching natural gas hydrate sediment under dynamic loading is significant.
In recent years, domestic and international many research institutions have carried out the Research on Mechanical Properties work of a series of natural gas hydrate deposits thing, and design, develop many cover hydrate sediment mechanical characteristic experimental provisions.But the experimental provision of current use all can only be used for the mechanical characteristic analysis of hydrate sediment under dead load effect, can not obtain the mechanical response characteristic of hydrate sediment under the dynamic load such as wave, earthquake condition.Conventional Dynamic triaxial test device can not provide gas hydrate to compose the temperature and pressure condition of depositing stable existence, the requirement of gas hydrate Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics tentatively can be met after transformation, but still the Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing can not be realized, and fail to be used widely because of inconvenient operation (sample installation, pressure chamber's installation, hydrate generation etc.).
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics, this dynamic triaxial tests instrument is simple to operation, can the effective sedimental dynamics of simulating hydrate, to the exploration of China's Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas mineral reserve with exploited important directive function.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics, is characterized in that: it comprises loading frame, lift cylinder, load sensor, load cylinder, servo-valve, dynamic servo oil supply system, base, pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix, sealing ring, snap ring, snap ring fixed cover, pressure chamber's barrel cover, pressure chamber, lower pressure pad, lower seepage flow pad, sample, upper seepage flow pad, upper pressure pad, piston and heat interchanger; Described loading frame adopts door type structure, and described loading frame upper end arranged outside has the described lift cylinder for promoting described pressure chamber barrel cover, and inner side is provided with described load sensor; Described loading frame lower end is provided with described load cylinder, and described load cylinder connects described dynamic servo oil supply system by described servo-valve; Be positioned at described load cylinder top and be provided with described base, in described base, side is provided with described pressure chamber turnover oilhole, opposite side and is provided with described cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix; Described base to be tightly connected described pressure chamber barrel cover by described sealing ring, snap ring and snap ring fixed cover, in described pressure chamber barrel cover, to form described pressure chamber; Be positioned at described pressure chamber, described base middle position is provided with described lower pressure pad, described lower pressure pad top is connected with described sample one end by described lower seepage flow pad; The described sample other end is connected with described upper pressure pad one end by described upper seepage flow pad, and the described upper pressure pad other end is connected with described piston end surface, and described top land is corresponding with described load sensor to be arranged; Be provided with described heat interchanger in the middle part of described sample, described heat interchanger is connected with the calibration cell being arranged on dynamic triaxial tests instrument outside by the described cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix in described base.
In technique scheme, described dynamic servo oil supply system comprises described load cylinder, described servo-valve, fuel tank, refrigeratory, filtrator, surplus valve, hydraulic pump, tensimeter, motor, A/D module and host computer; Described fuel tank side is provided with described refrigeratory, and opposite side connects described hydraulic pump entrance by described filtrator, surplus valve successively, and described hydraulic pump outlet connects described servo-valve; Be positioned at described hydraulic pump outlet place and be also provided with described tensimeter, and described hydraulic pump is worked by described driven by motor, described motor and servo-valve are through host computer described in described A/D model calling.
Described lower pressure pad and upper pressure pad are also respectively arranged with lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole; Described piston arranges piston exhaust ports.
Described base bottom is provided with dolly, and top, described loading frame lower end is provided with the guide rail coordinated with described dolly.
In technique scheme, it is 10 that the piston end surface of described load cylinder is provided with measuring accuracy
-6the shaft position sensor of strain.
In technique scheme, the inflow point of described pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole is all provided with pressure transducer; Also temperature sensor is provided with in described pressure chamber.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the dynamic triaxial tests instrument that the present invention adopts can the temperature of gas hydrate reservoir under simulating natural condition, the parameter such as pressure and stress state, analyze confined pressure, consolidation ratio, temperature, saturation degree, drainage condition, the impact on hydrate sediment kinematic behavior such as the cementing form of hydrate, and then hydrate sediment power destruction standard is proposed, hole pressure development model, and set up the modulus at rapid deformation of hydrate sediment and the variation relation of the servo-actuated shearing strain amplitude of dynamic damping ratio and average effective consolidation pressure.To the exploration of China's Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas mineral reserve with exploited important directive function.2, the present invention can realize in-situ preparation and the decomposition of natural gas hydrate deposits thing, directly can generate gas hydrate to go forward side by side action edge specificity analysis in pressure chamber, greatly convenient and simplify that sample is installed, pressure chamber installs and the process such as the generation of natural gas hydrate deposits thing, operation is succinct convenient.3, the present invention can provide the dynamic modulus of elasticity of hydrate sediment sample, dynamic shear modulus and the parameter such as damping ratio and fatigue resistance, dynamic strain and dynamic pore water pressure; By the Dynamic triaxial test of natural gas hydrate deposits thing, to the dynamics of hydrate sediment and safe working, disaster prevention etc., there is directive significance.The present invention can extensively apply in natural gas hydrate deposits thing measuring mechanical characteristics field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the part-structure schematic diagram when pressure chamber's barrel cover in Fig. 1 being removed;
Fig. 3 is dynamic servo oil supply system structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics, it comprises loading frame 1, lift cylinder 2, load sensor 3, load cylinder 4, servo-valve 5, dynamic servo oil supply system, base 6, pressure chamber's turnover oilhole 7, cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix 8, sealing ring 9, snap ring 10, snap ring fixed cover 11, pressure chamber's barrel cover 12, pressure chamber 13, lower pressure pad 14, lower seepage flow pad 15, sample 16, upper seepage flow pad 17, upper pressure pad 18, piston 19 and heat interchanger 20.
Loading frame 1 adopts door type structure, and loading frame 1 upper end arranged outside has lift cylinder 2, and inner side is provided with load sensor 3; Loading frame 1 lower end is provided with for providing the load cylinder 4 needing trial load in dynamic load process, and load cylinder 4 connects dynamic servo oil supply system by servo-valve 5, by speed and the stability of servo-valve 5 controlled loading oil cylinder 4 inner carrier; Be positioned at load cylinder 4 top and be provided with base 6, implement axial loading by dynamic servo oil supply system and load cylinder 4 pairs of bases 6.In base 6, side is provided with pressure chamber turnover oilhole 7, opposite side and is provided with cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix 8.Base 6 to be tightly connected pressure chamber's barrel cover 12 by sealing ring 9, snap ring 10 and snap ring fixed cover 11, mineralization pressure room 13 in pressure chamber's barrel cover 12, by pressure chamber's turnover oilhole 7 toward topping up force feed in pressure chamber 13 with the confined pressure in controlled pressure room 13; Pressure chamber's barrel cover 12 connects lift cylinder 2, is realized the installation and removal of pressure chamber's barrel cover 12 by lift cylinder 2.Be positioned at pressure chamber 13, base 6 middle position is provided with lower pressure pad 14, lower pressure pad 14 top is connected with sample 16 one end by lower seepage flow pad 15; Sample 16 other end is connected with upper pressure pad 18 one end by upper seepage flow pad 17, and upper pressure pad 18 other end is connected with piston 19 end face, to realize applying axle pressure to sample 16; Piston 19 top is corresponding with load sensor 3 to be arranged, and gathers the load suffered by sample 16 during for testing.Be provided with heat interchanger 20 in the middle part of sample 16, heat interchanger 20 is connected with the calibration cell being arranged on dynamic triaxial tests instrument outside by the cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix 8 in base 6, is controlled by the temperature in heat interchanger 20 pairs of pressure chambers 13.
In above-described embodiment, lower pressure pad 14 and upper pressure pad 18 are also respectively arranged with lower air water through hole 21 and upper air water through hole 22, in sample 16, pass into gas and water by lower air water through hole 21 and upper air water through hole 22, control pore pressure, with in-situ preparation gas hydrate.
In the various embodiments described above, piston 19 is arranged piston exhaust ports 23, for air remaining in discharge pressure room 13.
In the various embodiments described above, base 6 bottom is provided with dolly 24, and top, loading frame 1 lower end is provided with guide rail 25, and dolly 24 is moved by guide rail 25, facilitates the installation of sample 16.
In the various embodiments described above, the piston end surface of load cylinder 4 is provided with shaft position sensor 26, and the measuring accuracy of this displacement transducer is 10
-6strain.
In the various embodiments described above, the inflow point of pressure chamber's turnover oilhole 7, lower air water through hole 21 and upper air water through hole 22 is all provided with pressure transducer, pressure transducer connects and is arranged on the servo controller of dynamic triaxial tests instrument outside, the confined pressure in the force value regulation and control pressure chamber 13 that servo controller feeds back according to pressure transducer and sample pore pressure.
In the various embodiments described above, also temperature sensor is provided with in pressure chamber 13, temperature sensor connects the servo controller being arranged on dynamic triaxial tests instrument outside, and then controls heat interchanger 20 by calibration cell, realizes measuring the temperature in pressure chamber 13 and controlling.
In the various embodiments described above, as shown in Figure 3, dynamic servo oil supply system is used for providing pressure oil to load cylinder 4 working chamber and oil back chamber, and it comprises load cylinder 4, servo-valve 5, fuel tank 27, refrigeratory 28, filtrator 29, surplus valve 30, hydraulic pump 31, tensimeter 32, motor 33, A/D module 34 and host computer 35.Fuel tank 27 side is provided with refrigeratory 28, and opposite side is successively by filtrator 29, surplus valve 30 connecting fluid press pump 31 entrance, and hydraulic pump 31 exports and connects servo-valve 5, hydraulic pump 31 through servo-valve 5 to oiling in load cylinder 4.Be positioned at hydraulic pump 31 exit and be also provided with tensimeter 32, and hydraulic pump 31 drives work by motor 33, motor 33 is connected host computer 35 with servo-valve 5 through A/D module 34, controls through host computer 35, is regulated and maintain corresponding temperature, pressure and load in pressure chamber 13 by servo-valve 5.
In sum, when axial excitation frequency of the present invention is 0-5Hz, frequency accuracy is ± 0.2%, and maximum amplitude is 2mm, when maximum axial test force is 600kN, can simulate the dynamic response characteristics of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing under dynamic load condition.When the maximum working pressure (MWP) of dynamic servo oil supply system is 25MPa, maximum flow is 30L/min, and the present invention also arranges the device with functions such as overvoltage protection, oil circuit blocking warning and high oil temperature warnings in dynamic servo oil supply system.Load cylinder 4 of the present invention is 30MPa through the maximum confined pressure that dynamic servo oil supply system can apply, and the precision of confined pressure is ± 0.5%; Can the temperature range in controlled pressure room 13 be 243K ~ 298K by temperature sensor and heat interchanger 20, temperature control precision be ± 0.1 DEG C, can simulate the pressure and temperature of deep water gas hydrate reservoir.
Based on dynamic triaxial tests instrument of the present invention, concrete grammar sample 16 being carried out to Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics is as follows:
First, by being provided with upper seepage flow pad 17, the sample 16 of lower seepage flow pad 15 puts into pressure chamber 13, and installs pressure pad 11, lower pressure pad 14 at sample about 16 two ends, and be fixedly connected with base 6 by lower pressure pad 14; Be placed on base 6 by lift cylinder 2 by pressure chamber's barrel cover 12, pressure chamber's barrel cover 12 and base 6 are tightly connected by sealing ring 9, snap ring 10 and snap ring fixed cover 11; Piston 19 is put into pressure chamber 13, and is fixedly connected with upper pressure pad 18;
Then, by oil supply hole 8 toward topping up force feed in pressure chamber 13, control required confined pressure, by upper air water through hole 22, lower air water through hole 21, methane gas is filled with in sample 16, control required pore pressure, by heat interchanger 20 control temperature, in-situ preparation hydrate sediment sample under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of setting;
Finally, by dynamic servo loading system, dynamic loading is carried out to sample 16, under various load, measures the kinematic behavior of sample 16, by the data acquisition system (DAS) that pre-sets by data real time record in computing machine.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustration of the present invention; the structure of each parts, size, setting position and shape all can change to some extent; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention; all improvement of carrying out individual part according to the principle of the invention and equivalents, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a dynamic triaxial tests instrument for deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics, is characterized in that: it comprises loading frame, lift cylinder, load sensor, load cylinder, servo-valve, dynamic servo oil supply system, base, pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix, sealing ring, snap ring, snap ring fixed cover, pressure chamber's barrel cover, pressure chamber, lower pressure pad, lower seepage flow pad, sample, upper seepage flow pad, upper pressure pad, piston and heat interchanger;
Described loading frame adopts door type structure, and described loading frame upper end arranged outside has the described lift cylinder for promoting described pressure chamber barrel cover, and inner side is provided with described load sensor; Described loading frame lower end is provided with described load cylinder, and described load cylinder connects described dynamic servo oil supply system by described servo-valve; Be positioned at described load cylinder top and be provided with described base, in described base, side is provided with described pressure chamber turnover oilhole, opposite side and is provided with described cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix; Described base to be tightly connected described pressure chamber barrel cover by described sealing ring, snap ring and snap ring fixed cover, in described pressure chamber barrel cover, to form described pressure chamber; Be positioned at described pressure chamber, described base middle position is provided with described lower pressure pad, described lower pressure pad top is connected with described sample one end by described lower seepage flow pad; The described sample other end is connected with described upper pressure pad one end by described upper seepage flow pad, and the described upper pressure pad other end is connected with described piston end surface, and described top land is corresponding with described load sensor to be arranged; Be provided with described heat interchanger in the middle part of described sample, described heat interchanger is connected with the calibration cell being arranged on dynamic triaxial tests instrument outside by the described cooling circulation liquid manhole appendix in described base.
2. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described dynamic servo oil supply system comprises described load cylinder, described servo-valve, fuel tank, refrigeratory, filtrator, surplus valve, hydraulic pump, tensimeter, motor, A/D module and host computer; Described fuel tank side is provided with described refrigeratory, and opposite side connects described hydraulic pump entrance by described filtrator, surplus valve successively, and described hydraulic pump outlet connects described servo-valve; Be positioned at described hydraulic pump outlet place and be also provided with described tensimeter, and described hydraulic pump is worked by described driven by motor, described motor and servo-valve are through host computer described in described A/D model calling.
3. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described lower pressure pad and upper pressure pad are also respectively arranged with lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole; Described piston arranges piston exhaust ports.
4. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described lower pressure pad and upper pressure pad are also respectively arranged with lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole; Described piston arranges piston exhaust ports.
5. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of the deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described base bottom is provided with dolly, and top, described loading frame lower end is provided with the guide rail coordinated with described dolly.
6. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of the deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that: it is 10 that the piston end surface of described load cylinder is provided with measuring accuracy
-6the shaft position sensor of strain.
7. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: it is 10 that the piston end surface of described load cylinder is provided with measuring accuracy
-6the shaft position sensor of strain.
8. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of the deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as described in Claims 1 to 4,7 any one, is characterized in that: the inflow point of described pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole is all provided with pressure transducer; Also temperature sensor is provided with in described pressure chamber.
9. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the inflow point of described pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole is all provided with pressure transducer; Also temperature sensor is provided with in described pressure chamber.
10. the dynamic triaxial tests instrument of deep water natural gas hydrate deposits thing Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the inflow point of described pressure chamber's turnover oilhole, lower air water through hole and upper air water through hole is all provided with pressure transducer; Also temperature sensor is provided with in described pressure chamber.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105021446A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-04 | 大连理工大学 | Combined dynamic triaxial dynamic simple shear pressure chamber system capable of measuring radial strain of soil sample |
| CN105510129A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A testing method for end face breaking strength of filled plastic irregular parts and a testing device |
| CN105953971A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-09-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Beach shallow sea pore water pressure in situ observation system based on vibratory liquefaction principle |
| CN106092772A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gas hydrates core sample pressurize transfer type three-axis mounting and method |
| CN109163971A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-08 | 山东科技大学 | Rock inundation-dehydration Cycling Mechanics experimental system and its experimental method |
| CN109520855A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | For rotating the pressure chamber of rock mechanics experiment machine |
| CN109752256A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Measure the Dynamic triaxial test device and method of natural gas hydrate deposits object dynamic strain |
| CN112748011A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing mechanical characteristics of contact surface of marine energy soil containing natural gas hydrate and structure |
| CN114486554A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-13 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Triaxial test device |
| CN114518379A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting dynamic characteristics of sediments containing natural gas hydrates through experiment |
| CN114965076A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for measuring microscopic deformation of sediment framework in seepage process of hydrate exploitation |
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| CN105021446A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-04 | 大连理工大学 | Combined dynamic triaxial dynamic simple shear pressure chamber system capable of measuring radial strain of soil sample |
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| CN106092772B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gas hydrates core sample pressurize transfer type three-axis mounting and method |
| CN109163971A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-08 | 山东科技大学 | Rock inundation-dehydration Cycling Mechanics experimental system and its experimental method |
| CN109520855A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | For rotating the pressure chamber of rock mechanics experiment machine |
| CN109520855B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Pressure chamber for rotary rock mechanics testing machine |
| CN109752256A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Measure the Dynamic triaxial test device and method of natural gas hydrate deposits object dynamic strain |
| CN112748011A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing mechanical characteristics of contact surface of marine energy soil containing natural gas hydrate and structure |
| CN114518379A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting dynamic characteristics of sediments containing natural gas hydrates through experiment |
| CN114486554A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-13 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Triaxial test device |
| CN114486554B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-18 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | Triaxial test device |
| CN114965076A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for measuring microscopic deformation of sediment framework in seepage process of hydrate exploitation |
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