CN104655494A - Dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing dynamic characteristics of deepwater natural gas hydrate sediment - Google Patents
Dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing dynamic characteristics of deepwater natural gas hydrate sediment Download PDFInfo
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种深水天然气水合物沉积物动力特性分析用的动三轴试验仪，它包括加载框架，加载框架上端外侧设置有用于提升压力室筒罩的提升油缸，内侧设置有负荷传感器；下端设置有通过伺服阀连接动态伺服油源系统的加载油缸；加载油缸上部设置有底座，底座内设置有压力室进出油孔、冷却循环液进出孔；底座上通过密封环、卡环和卡环固定套密封连接压力室筒罩，形成压力室；底座中间位置处设置有下压垫，下压垫顶部通过下渗流垫与试样一端连接；试样另一端通过上渗流垫与上压垫一端连接，上压垫另一端与活塞端面连接，活塞顶部与负荷传感器对应设置；试样中部设置有换热器，换热器通过底座内的冷却循环液进出孔与设置在动三轴试验仪外部的恒温槽连接。
The invention relates to a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits, which includes a loading frame, a lifting oil cylinder for lifting a cylinder cover of a pressure chamber is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the loading frame, and a load sensor is arranged on the inner side; the lower end of the loading frame There is a loading cylinder connected to the dynamic servo oil source system through a servo valve; the upper part of the loading cylinder is provided with a base, and the base is provided with pressure chamber inlet and outlet holes and cooling circulating fluid inlet and outlet holes; the base is fixed by sealing rings, snap rings and snap rings The sleeve is sealed and connected to the cover of the pressure chamber to form a pressure chamber; a lower pressure pad is arranged in the middle of the base, and the top of the lower pressure pad is connected to one end of the sample through the lower seepage pad; the other end of the sample is connected to one end of the upper pressure pad through the upper seepage pad , the other end of the upper pressure pad is connected to the end face of the piston, and the top of the piston is set correspondingly to the load sensor; a heat exchanger is set in the middle of the sample, and the heat exchanger passes through the cooling circulation fluid inlet and outlet holes in the base and the external part of the dynamic triaxial tester. Thermostat connection.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种天然气水合物沉积物机械特性测量领域中的试验仪，特别是关于一种深水天然气水合物沉积物动力特性分析用的动三轴试验仪。The invention relates to a tester in the field of measuring the mechanical characteristics of natural gas hydrate deposits, in particular to a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits.
背景技术Background technique
天然气水合物资源量丰富、能量密度高，是一种极具开发前景的新型洁净能源，其安全开采已成为21世纪石油天然气工业新的研究热点。然而，天然气水合物不同于常规的石油、天然气等资源，它以胶结或者骨架支撑的形式存在于储层中。同时它也是一种亚稳态物质，温度升高或者压力降低都有可能造成水合物分解。水合物沉积物在分解后，固态水合物转变成液态水和甲烷气，土颗粒之间胶结作用消失，孔隙压力增大，导致有效应力降低，当受到地震、波浪等动荷载的影响时，可能产生软化、气化甚至振动液化现象，导致水合物沉积层的失稳，引起海底生产设施及结构物基础的破坏。因此，研究天然气水合物沉积物在动荷载作用下的力学响应特性对天然气水合物的安全开采具有重要意义。Natural gas hydrate is rich in resources and high in energy density. It is a new type of clean energy with great development prospects. Its safe exploitation has become a new research hotspot in the oil and gas industry in the 21st century. However, gas hydrate is different from conventional oil, natural gas and other resources, and it exists in the reservoir in the form of cement or framework support. At the same time, it is also a metastable substance, which may cause hydrate decomposition when the temperature rises or the pressure drops. After the hydrate sediment is decomposed, the solid hydrate turns into liquid water and methane gas, the cementation between soil particles disappears, and the pore pressure increases, resulting in a decrease in effective stress. When affected by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and waves, it may The phenomenon of softening, gasification and even vibration liquefaction will result in the destabilization of the hydrate sediment layer and damage to the foundation of submarine production facilities and structures. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanical response characteristics of gas hydrate deposits under dynamic loads for the safe production of gas hydrates.
近年来，国内外许多研究机构进行了一系列天然气水合物沉积物的力学特性研究工作，并设计、开发了多套水合物沉积物力学特性实验装置。然而，当前使用的实验装置都只能用于静荷载作用下水合物沉积物的力学特性分析，不能获得水合物沉积物在波浪、地震等动荷载条件下的力学响应特性。常规的动三轴实验装置不能提供天然气水合物赋存稳定存在的温度和压力条件，经改造后能初步满足天然气水合物动力特性分析要求，但仍不能实现深水天然气水合物沉积物的动力特性分析，且因操作不方便(试样安装、压力室安装、水合物生成等)未能得到广泛应用。In recent years, many research institutions at home and abroad have carried out a series of research work on the mechanical properties of gas hydrate deposits, and designed and developed several sets of experimental devices for the mechanical properties of hydrate deposits. However, the currently used experimental devices can only be used to analyze the mechanical characteristics of hydrate deposits under static loads, and cannot obtain the mechanical response characteristics of hydrate deposits under dynamic load conditions such as waves and earthquakes. The conventional dynamic triaxial experimental device cannot provide the temperature and pressure conditions for the stable occurrence of natural gas hydrate. After the modification, it can initially meet the analysis requirements of the dynamic characteristics of natural gas hydrate, but it still cannot realize the dynamic characteristic analysis of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits. , and it has not been widely used due to inconvenient operation (sample installation, pressure chamber installation, hydrate formation, etc.).
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种深水天然气水合物沉积物动力特性分析用的动三轴试验仪，该动三轴试验仪操作简捷，能有效模拟水合物沉积物的动力学特性，对我国海域天然气水合物矿藏的勘探与开采起重要的指导作用。In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits. The dynamic triaxial tester is easy to operate and can effectively simulate the dynamic characteristics of hydrate deposits. It plays an important guiding role in the exploration and exploitation of natural gas hydrate deposits in my country's sea areas.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种深水天然气水合物沉积物动力特性分析用的动三轴试验仪，其特征在于：它包括加载框架、提升油缸、负荷传感器、加载油缸、伺服阀、动态伺服油源系统、底座、压力室进出油孔、冷却循环液进出孔、密封环、卡环、卡环固定套、压力室筒罩、压力室、下压垫、下渗流垫、试样、上渗流垫、上压垫、活塞和换热器；所述加载框架采用门式结构，所述加载框架上端外侧设置有用于提升所述压力室筒罩的所述提升油缸，内侧设置有所述负荷传感器；所述加载框架下端设置有所述加载油缸，所述加载油缸通过所述伺服阀连接所述动态伺服油源系统；位于所述加载油缸上部设置有所述底座，所述底座内一侧设置有所述压力室进出油孔、另一侧设置有所述冷却循环液进出孔；所述底座上通过所述密封环、卡环和卡环固定套密封连接所述压力室筒罩，所述压力室筒罩内形成所述压力室；位于所述压力室内，在所述底座中间位置处设置有所述下压垫，所述下压垫顶部通过所述下渗流垫与所述试样一端连接；所述试样另一端通过所述上渗流垫与所述上压垫一端连接，所述上压垫另一端与所述活塞端面连接，所述活塞顶部与所述负荷传感器对应设置；所述试样中部设置有所述换热器，所述换热器通过所述底座内的所述冷却循环液进出孔与设置在动三轴试验仪外部的恒温槽连接。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits, characterized in that it includes a loading frame, a lifting cylinder, a load sensor, a loading cylinder, a servo Valve, dynamic servo oil source system, base, pressure chamber oil inlet and outlet holes, cooling circulating fluid inlet and outlet holes, sealing ring, snap ring, snap ring fixing sleeve, pressure chamber cylinder cover, pressure chamber, lower pressure pad, lower seepage pad, test sample, upper seepage pad, upper pressure pad, piston and heat exchanger; the loading frame adopts a portal structure, and the lifting cylinder for lifting the pressure chamber cover is provided on the outside of the upper end of the loading frame, and the lifting cylinder is provided on the inside The load sensor; the loading cylinder is provided at the lower end of the loading frame, and the loading cylinder is connected to the dynamic servo oil source system through the servo valve; the base is provided on the upper part of the loading cylinder, and the base One side of the inner side is provided with the inlet and outlet holes of the pressure chamber, and the other side is provided with the inlet and outlet holes of the cooling circulating fluid; the base is sealed and connected to the pressure chamber cylinder through the sealing ring, snap ring and snap ring fixing sleeve Cover, the pressure chamber is formed in the pressure chamber cylinder cover; located in the pressure chamber, the lower pressure pad is arranged at the middle position of the base, and the top of the lower pressure pad passes through the lower seepage pad and the One end of the sample is connected; the other end of the sample is connected to one end of the upper pressure pad through the upper seepage pad, the other end of the upper pressure pad is connected to the end face of the piston, and the top of the piston is connected to the load sensor Corresponding arrangement: the heat exchanger is arranged in the middle of the sample, and the heat exchanger is connected to the constant temperature bath arranged outside the dynamic triaxial tester through the inlet and outlet holes of the cooling circulating fluid in the base.
上述技术方案中，所述动态伺服油源系统包括所述加载油缸、所述伺服阀、油箱、冷却器、过滤器、溢流阀、液压泵、压力表、电机、A/D模块和上位机；所述油箱一侧设置有所述冷却器，另一侧依次通过所述过滤器、溢流阀连接所述液压泵入口，所述液压泵出口连接所述伺服阀；位于所述液压泵出口处还设置有所述压力表，且所述液压泵由所述电机带动工作，所述电机和伺服阀经所述A/D模块连接所述上位机。In the above technical solution, the dynamic servo oil source system includes the loading cylinder, the servo valve, oil tank, cooler, filter, overflow valve, hydraulic pump, pressure gauge, motor, A/D module and host computer The cooler is arranged on one side of the oil tank, and the other side is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic pump through the filter and the overflow valve in turn, and the outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the servo valve; located at the outlet of the hydraulic pump The pressure gauge is also provided at the center, and the hydraulic pump is driven by the motor, and the motor and the servo valve are connected to the upper computer through the A/D module.
所述下压垫和上压垫上还分别设置有下气水通孔和上气水通孔；所述活塞上设置活塞排气孔。The lower pressure pad and the upper pressure pad are respectively provided with a lower air-water through hole and an upper air-water through hole; the piston is provided with a piston exhaust hole.
所述底座下部设置有小车，并在所述加载框架下端上部设置有与所述小车配合的导轨。The lower part of the base is provided with a trolley, and the upper part of the lower end of the loading frame is provided with a guide rail matched with the trolley.
上述技术方案中，所述加载油缸的活塞端面安装有测试精度为10-6应变的轴向位移传感器。In the above technical solution, the piston end face of the loading oil cylinder is equipped with an axial displacement sensor with a measurement accuracy of 10 -6 strain.
上述技术方案中，所述压力室进出油孔、下气水通孔和上气水通孔的进口处都设置有压力传感器；所述压力室内还设置有温度传感器。In the above technical solution, pressure sensors are provided at the entrances of the oil inlet and outlet holes, the lower air-water passage hole and the upper air-water passage hole of the pressure chamber; a temperature sensor is also arranged in the pressure chamber.
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：1、本发明采用的动三轴试验仪能够模拟自然条件下天然气水合物储层的温度、压力和应力状态等参数，分析围压、固结比、温度、饱和度、排水条件、水合物胶结形态等对水合物沉积物动力特性的影响，进而提出水合物沉积物动力破坏标准、孔压发展模式，并建立水合物沉积物的动模量和动阻尼比随动剪应变幅值与平均有效固结压力的变化关系。对我国海域天然气水合物矿藏的勘探与开采起重要的指导作用。2、本发明能够实现天然气水合物沉积物的原位生成与分解，可直接在压力室内生成天然气水合物并进行动力特性分析，极大地方便和简化试样安装、压力室安装、以及天然气水合物沉积物的生成等过程，操作简洁便利。3、本发明能提供水合物沉积物试样的动弹性模量、动剪切模量和阻尼比以及动强度、动应变和动孔隙水压力等参数；通过天然气水合物沉积物的动三轴实验，对水合物沉积物的动力学特性及其安全开采、灾害防御等具有指导意义。本发明可以广泛在天然气水合物沉积物机械特性测量领域中应用。Because the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1. The dynamic triaxial tester adopted in the present invention can simulate parameters such as temperature, pressure and stress state of natural gas hydrate reservoirs under natural conditions, and analyze confining pressure, consolidation, etc. The dynamic characteristics of hydrate sediments are determined based on the influence of water ratio, temperature, saturation, drainage conditions, hydrate cementation form, etc., and then the dynamic failure standard and pore pressure development model of hydrate sediments are proposed, and the dynamic modulus of hydrate sediments is established. and the relationship between the dynamic damping ratio and the dynamic shear strain amplitude and the average effective consolidation pressure. It plays an important guiding role in the exploration and exploitation of natural gas hydrate deposits in my country's sea areas. 2. The present invention can realize the in-situ generation and decomposition of natural gas hydrate deposits, and can directly generate natural gas hydrate in the pressure chamber and conduct dynamic characteristic analysis, which greatly facilitates and simplifies sample installation, pressure chamber installation, and natural gas hydrate The process of sediment formation and other processes is simple and convenient to operate. 3. The present invention can provide parameters such as dynamic elastic modulus, dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio, dynamic strength, dynamic strain and dynamic pore water pressure of hydrate sediment samples; The experiment has guiding significance for the dynamic characteristics of hydrate deposits, its safe mining, and disaster prevention. The invention can be widely applied in the field of measuring the mechanical properties of natural gas hydrate deposits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2是将图1中的压力室筒罩移开时的部分结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram when the pressure chamber cover in Fig. 1 is removed;
图3是本发明的动态伺服油源系统结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic servo oil source system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1、图2所示，本发明提供一种深水天然气水合物沉积物动力特性分析用的动三轴试验仪，其包括加载框架1、提升油缸2、负荷传感器3、加载油缸4、伺服阀5、动态伺服油源系统、底座6、压力室进出油孔7、冷却循环液进出孔8、密封环9、卡环10、卡环固定套11、压力室筒罩12、压力室13、下压垫14、下渗流垫15、试样16、上渗流垫17、上压垫18、活塞19和换热器20。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a dynamic triaxial tester for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of deep-water natural gas hydrate deposits, which includes a loading frame 1, a lifting cylinder 2, a load sensor 3, a loading cylinder 4, a servo Valve 5, dynamic servo oil source system, base 6, pressure chamber oil inlet and outlet hole 7, cooling circulating fluid inlet and outlet hole 8, sealing ring 9, snap ring 10, snap ring fixing sleeve 11, pressure chamber cylinder cover 12, pressure chamber 13, The lower pressure pad 14, the lower seepage pad 15, the sample 16, the upper seepage pad 17, the upper pressure pad 18, the piston 19 and the heat exchanger 20.
加载框架1采用门式结构，加载框架1上端外侧设置有提升油缸2，内侧设置有负荷传感器3；加载框架1下端设置有用于提供动态加载过程中需要试验荷载的加载油缸4，加载油缸4通过伺服阀5连接动态伺服油源系统，通过伺服阀5控制加载油缸4内活塞的速度和稳定性；位于加载油缸4上部设置有底座6，通过动态伺服油源系统和加载油缸4对底座6实施轴向加载。底座6内一侧设置有压力室进出油孔7、另一侧设置有冷却循环液进出孔8。底座6上通过密封环9、卡环10和卡环固定套11密封连接压力室筒罩12，压力室筒罩12内形成压力室13，通过压力室进出油孔7往压力室13中充液压油以控制压力室13中的围压；压力室筒罩12连接提升油缸2，通过提升油缸2实现压力室筒罩12的安装与拆卸。位于压力室13内，在底座6中间位置处设置有下压垫14，下压垫14顶部通过下渗流垫15与试样16一端连接；试样16另一端通过上渗流垫17与上压垫18一端连接，上压垫18另一端与活塞19端面连接，以实现对试样16施加轴向压力；活塞19顶部与负荷传感器3对应设置，用于实验时采集试样16所受到的载荷。试样16中部设置有换热器20，换热器20通过底座6内的冷却循环液进出孔8与设置在动三轴试验仪外部的恒温槽连接，通过换热器20对压力室13内的温度进行控制。The loading frame 1 adopts a portal structure, the upper end of the loading frame 1 is provided with a lifting cylinder 2 outside, and the inside is provided with a load sensor 3; the lower end of the loading frame 1 is provided with a loading cylinder 4 for providing the test load required in the dynamic loading process, and the loading cylinder 4 passes through The servo valve 5 is connected to the dynamic servo oil source system to control the speed and stability of the piston in the loading cylinder 4 through the servo valve 5; Axial loading. One side of the base 6 is provided with a pressure chamber inlet and outlet hole 7 , and the other side is provided with a cooling circulating fluid inlet and outlet hole 8 . The base 6 is sealed and connected to the pressure chamber casing 12 through the sealing ring 9, the snap ring 10 and the snap ring fixing sleeve 11. A pressure chamber 13 is formed in the pressure chamber casing 12, and the pressure chamber 13 is filled with hydraulic pressure through the oil inlet and outlet holes 7 of the pressure chamber. Oil is used to control the confining pressure in the pressure chamber 13; the pressure chamber cover 12 is connected to the lifting cylinder 2, and the installation and disassembly of the pressure chamber cover 12 is realized by lifting the cylinder 2. Located in the pressure chamber 13, a lower pressure pad 14 is arranged in the middle of the base 6, the top of the lower pressure pad 14 is connected to one end of the sample 16 through the lower seepage pad 15; the other end of the sample 16 is connected to the upper pressure pad through the upper seepage pad 17 18 is connected at one end, and the other end of the upper pressure pad 18 is connected with the end face of the piston 19, so as to apply axial pressure to the sample 16; A heat exchanger 20 is provided in the middle of the sample 16, and the heat exchanger 20 is connected to the constant temperature tank provided outside the dynamic triaxial tester through the cooling circulation fluid inlet and outlet holes 8 in the base 6, and the heat exchanger 20 is connected to the pressure chamber 13. temperature is controlled.
上述实施例中，下压垫14和上压垫18上还分别设置有下气水通孔21和上气水通孔22，通过下气水通孔21和上气水通孔22往试样16中通入气体和水，控制孔隙压力，以原位生成天然气水合物。In the above-described embodiment, the lower pressure pad 14 and the upper pressure pad 18 are also respectively provided with a lower air-water through hole 21 and an upper air-water through hole 22, through which the lower air-water through hole 21 and the upper air-water through hole 22 are fed to the sample. Gas and water are introduced into 16 to control the pore pressure to generate natural gas hydrate in situ.
上述各实施例中，活塞19上设置活塞排气孔23，用于排出压力室13内残余的空气。In the above embodiments, the piston 19 is provided with a piston exhaust hole 23 for exhausting residual air in the pressure chamber 13 .
上述各实施例中，底座6下部设置有小车24，并在加载框架1下端上部设置有导轨25，小车24通过导轨25进行移动，方便试样16的安装。In the above-mentioned embodiments, a trolley 24 is provided on the lower part of the base 6, and a guide rail 25 is provided on the upper part of the lower end of the loading frame 1, and the trolley 24 moves through the guide rail 25 to facilitate the installation of the sample 16.
上述各实施例中，加载油缸4的活塞端面安装有轴向位移传感器26，该位移传感器的测试精度为10-6应变。In the above-mentioned embodiments, the piston end surface of the loading cylinder 4 is equipped with an axial displacement sensor 26, and the measurement accuracy of the displacement sensor is 10 −6 strain.
上述各实施例中，压力室进出油孔7、下气水通孔21和上气水通孔22的进口处都设置有压力传感器，压力传感器连接设置在动三轴试验仪外部的伺服控制器，伺服控制器根据压力传感器反馈的压力值调节和控制压力室13内的围压和试样孔隙压力。In the above-mentioned embodiments, pressure sensors are installed at the inlets of the pressure chamber inlet and outlet oil holes 7, the lower air-water passage hole 21 and the upper air-water passage hole 22, and the pressure sensors are connected to the servo controller arranged outside the dynamic triaxial tester. , the servo controller adjusts and controls the confining pressure in the pressure chamber 13 and the sample pore pressure according to the pressure value fed back by the pressure sensor.
上述各实施例中，压力室13内还设置有温度传感器，温度传感器连接连接设置在动三轴试验仪外部的伺服控制器，进而通过恒温槽来控制换热器20，实现对压力室13内的温度进行测量并控制。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a temperature sensor is also provided in the pressure chamber 13, and the temperature sensor is connected to a servo controller arranged outside the dynamic triaxial tester, and then the heat exchanger 20 is controlled through a constant temperature bath to realize the control of the temperature in the pressure chamber 13. The temperature is measured and controlled.
上述各实施例中，如图3所示，动态伺服油源系统用于给加载油缸4工作腔和回油腔提供压力油，其包括加载油缸4、伺服阀5、油箱27、冷却器28、过滤器29、溢流阀30、液压泵31、压力表32、电机33、A/D模块34和上位机35。油箱27一侧设置有冷却器28，另一侧依次通过过滤器29、溢流阀30连接液压泵31入口，液压泵31出口连接伺服阀5，液压泵31经伺服阀5向加载油缸4内注油。位于液压泵31出口处还设置有压力表32，且液压泵31由电机33带动工作，电机33和伺服阀5经A/D模块34连接上位机35，经上位机35控制，通过伺服阀5调节和维持压力室13内相应的温度、压力和负荷。In the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the dynamic servo oil source system is used to provide pressure oil to the working chamber and oil return chamber of the loading cylinder 4, which includes the loading cylinder 4, the servo valve 5, the oil tank 27, the cooler 28, Filter 29, overflow valve 30, hydraulic pump 31, pressure gauge 32, motor 33, A/D module 34 and host computer 35. A cooler 28 is installed on one side of the oil tank 27, and the other side is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic pump 31 through the filter 29 and the overflow valve 30 in turn, and the outlet of the hydraulic pump 31 is connected to the servo valve 5, and the hydraulic pump 31 is loaded into the oil cylinder 4 through the servo valve 5 oiling. A pressure gauge 32 is also provided at the outlet of the hydraulic pump 31, and the hydraulic pump 31 is driven by a motor 33 to work. The motor 33 and the servo valve 5 are connected to the upper computer 35 through the A/D module 34, controlled by the upper computer 35, and passed through the servo valve 5. The corresponding temperature, pressure and load in the pressure chamber 13 are adjusted and maintained.
综上所述，当本发明的轴向激振频率为0-5Hz，频率精度为±0.2％，最大幅值为2mm，最大轴向试验力为600kN时，可模拟深水天然气水合物沉积物在动荷载条件下的动力响应特性。当动态伺服油源系统的最大工作压力为25MPa，最大流量为30L/min，本发明在动态伺服油源系统中还设置具有过压保护、油路堵塞报警和油温过高报警等功能的装置。本发明的加载油缸4经动态伺服油源系统能够施加的最大围压为30MPa，围压的精度为±0.5％；由温度传感器和换热器20能够控制压力室13内的温度范围为243K～298K，温度控制精度为±0.1℃，可模拟深水天然气水合物储层的压力和温度。To sum up, when the axial excitation frequency of the present invention is 0-5Hz, the frequency accuracy is ±0.2%, the maximum amplitude is 2mm, and the maximum axial test force is 600kN, it can simulate the deep water gas hydrate deposits in Dynamic response characteristics under dynamic load conditions. When the maximum working pressure of the dynamic servo oil source system is 25MPa, and the maximum flow rate is 30L/min, the present invention also sets devices with functions such as overpressure protection, oil circuit blockage alarm and oil temperature overheating alarm in the dynamic servo oil source system . The loading oil cylinder 4 of the present invention can exert a maximum confining pressure of 30 MPa through the dynamic servo oil source system, and the precision of the confining pressure is ±0.5%; the temperature range in the pressure chamber 13 that can be controlled by the temperature sensor and the heat exchanger 20 is 243K～ 298K, with a temperature control accuracy of ±0.1°C, it can simulate the pressure and temperature of deep-water gas hydrate reservoirs.
基于本发明的动三轴试验仪，对试样16进行动力特性分析的具体方法如下：Based on the dynamic triaxial tester of the present invention, the specific method for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the sample 16 is as follows:
首先，将安装有上渗流垫17、下渗流垫15的试样16放入压力室13中，并在试样16上下两端安装上压垫11、下压垫14，并将下压垫14与底座6固定连接；通过提升油缸2将压力室筒罩12放置在底座6上，压力室筒罩12与底座6通过密封环9、卡环10和卡环固定套11密封连接；将活塞19放入压力室13中，并与上压垫18固定连接；First, put the sample 16 equipped with the upper seepage pad 17 and the lower seepage pad 15 into the pressure chamber 13, and install the upper pressure pad 11 and the lower pressure pad 14 at the upper and lower ends of the sample 16, and place the lower pressure pad 14 It is fixedly connected with the base 6; the pressure chamber cover 12 is placed on the base 6 through the lifting cylinder 2, and the pressure chamber cover 12 and the base 6 are sealed and connected through the sealing ring 9, the snap ring 10 and the snap ring fixing sleeve 11; the piston 19 Put it into the pressure chamber 13 and be fixedly connected with the upper pressure pad 18;
然后，通过进油孔8往压力室13中充液压油，控制所需围压，通过上气水通孔22、下气水通孔21将甲烷气体充入试样16中，控制所需孔隙压力，通过换热器20控制温度，在设定的温压条件下原位生成水合物沉积物试样；Then, fill the pressure chamber 13 with hydraulic oil through the oil inlet hole 8 to control the required confining pressure, and fill the sample 16 with methane gas through the upper air-water through hole 22 and the lower air-water through hole 21 to control the required pore size. Pressure, the temperature is controlled by the heat exchanger 20, and the hydrate deposit sample is generated in situ under the set temperature and pressure conditions;
最后，通过动态伺服加载系统对试样16进行动加载，在各种载荷下测量试样16的动力特性，通过预先设置的数据采集系统将数据实时记录到计算机中。Finally, dynamically load the sample 16 through the dynamic servo loading system, measure the dynamic characteristics of the sample 16 under various loads, and record the data into the computer in real time through the pre-set data acquisition system.
上述各实施例仅用于说明本发明，各部件的结构、尺寸、设置位置及形状都是可以有所变化的，在本发明技术方案的基础上，凡根据本发明原理对个别部件进行的改进和等同变换，均不应排除在本发明的保护范围之外。The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and the structure, size, location and shape of each component can be changed. On the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, all improvements to individual components according to the principles of the present invention and equivalent transformations shall not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Applicant after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Applicant after: CNOOC research institute limited liability company Applicant after: Dalian University of Technology Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Applicant before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Applicant before: CNOOC Research Institute Applicant before: Dalian University of Technology |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |