CN104574512A - Multi-scale DEM (digital elevation model) construction method considering topographical semantic information - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-scale DEM (digital elevation model) construction method considering topographical semantic information. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a DEM point location local geometric importance degree TSIlocal(terrain significance index) for a DEM point location local importance degree; determining a semantic importance degree weighing allocation scheme of topographic feature points according to the type of the topographic feature points and topographic hierarchical structures, and calculating a DEM point location global semantic importance degree TSIglobal; measuring and extracting a DEM point location comprehensive importance degree index TSI; determining a TSI threshold value according to a corresponding relation between the scale size of a reconstructing target DEM which is obtained by comparison and the threshold value of the comprehensive importance degree index TSI; choosing a candidate topographic feature points; performing spatial interpolation, and completing target scales to construct DEM. According to the method, high-grade main geomorphic elements are preferentially reserved, and secondary-grade geomorphic elements are gradually abandoned, so that topographical framework features under different scale conditions can be kept, maintaining the consistency between a multi-scale DEM construction result and the application thereof is facilitated, and the practical effect of multi-scale DEM construction technology is effectively improved so as to meet multi-scale DEM application demand of different social levels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple dimensioned DEM construction method, particularly a kind of multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account.
Background technology
Digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model, DEM), as the important numbers carrier of terrain information, is the core data source of carrying out spatial analysis and geoscience modeling.Flourishing in the world
countrynot only establish the multiple scale DEM covering this country, simultaneously also start to advance high precision, high resolution DEM, and Global Scale SRTM DEM, ASTER GDEM construction; In China, complete the foundation covering nationwide 1:100 ten thousand, 1:25 ten thousand, 1:5 ten thousand dem data storehouse successively, among 1:1 ten thousand DEM is also actively building,
nationalplay an increasingly important role in economy, national defense construction and scientific research.
But, the DEM of limited several engineer's scale often can not meet the practical application request of engineering project and scientific research, the dem data of existing fixed resolution does not usually mate with geoanalysis model data yardstick, thus have influence on reliability and the validity of geoanalysis result, need the dem data building multiple dimensioned sequence badly.In addition, wide-range terrain scene real-time visual, also needs dynamically to generate multiple dimensioned DEM.Therefore, be very necessary based on existing large scale DEM automatic acquisition small scale DEM.Meanwhile, along with
countrythe foundation in succession of large scale DEM, and various
novelhigh resolution sensor, as the appearance of LiDAR, InSAR, SAR etc., makes DEM more rapid, flexible on data acquiring mode, thus provides good Data support for carrying out the expression of multiple dimensioned landform based on high accuracy DEM.
With regard to building the method in multiple dimensioned dem data storehouse at present, can be summed up as two kinds of major programmes, one is based on dissimilar and different scale data source, according to respective standard and different operation
independentproduce multiple dimensioned dem data storehouse (to be called
independentstructure method), two is based on single large scale dem data source, obtains multiple dimensioned DEM (being called Terrain Simplification method) by Terrain Simplification mode.
For
independentstructure method, current each
countryusually based on
independentstructure method produces multiple dimensioned dem data storehouse, and the dem data storehouse that this multiple engineer's scale coexists, while bringing great convenience to application, but exists the problem that some are difficult to avoid.(1)
independentthe several scale DEM that structure method is produced often can not meet practical application request.(2)
independentbuild multiple dimensioned DEM method and there is more serious data redundancy and a Data Update difficult problem, this is because terrain data amount is huge, the mode data redundancy that multi-scale DEM coexists is comparatively outstanding; Simultaneously for the same area based on dissimilar and different scale data source
independentbuild storehouse, when regional feature feature changes, need to carry out Resurvey and amendment to different types of data source, and repeat whole DEM and build comprehensive renewal that storehouse process just can complete different scale dem data.(3)
independentbuild multiple dimensioned DEM
method meetingthe inconsistency producing terrain feature modeling result inconsistency and bring to application result.This is because, based on dissimilar or different scale data source, according to respective standard and different operation
independentwhen building multiple dimensioned dem data storehouse, the incident inconsistency that will be the same area terrain modeling result; On the other hand, the inconsistency of different scale DEM terrain modeling result, brings the inconsistency of terrain analysis application result simultaneously.Such as, in the landform of producing different scale
figureduring data, often need according to system
figurethe principle of compositionality carries out smoothing processing to some extent to level line, so, by different scale landform
figureas the DEM that data source is produced, although good 3-D display effect can be obtained, but then there is larger uncertainty in the quantification terrain parameter therefrom obtained or terrain feature key element, as relatively obvious in same charge for remittance line or watershed line skewed logic on different scale DEM (
accompanying drawing 1with
fig. 2), thus reliability and the suitability of subsequently Epidemiological Analysis and application can be had influence on.
For Terrain Simplification method, be the common method building multiple dimensioned dem data storehouse, due to using existing large scale DEM as building the data source of multiple dimensioned DEM, with
independentstructure method is compared, have data redundancy lower, upgrade very fast, the relative advantages of higher of the degree of consistency.At present, relevant DEM Methods of Terrain Simplification is very many, according to the ground areas size considered when accepting or rejecting ground point in Terrain Simplification process, DEM Methods of Terrain Simplification can be summed up as two large main Types: one is the DEM Terrain Simplification based on local neighborhood, and two is the DEM Terrain Simplifications based on global structure.The former has by representative algorithm: stratification, vital point method, tolerance method, selective filter method etc., and this class methods Main Basis local neighborhood relief form intensity of variation is accepted or rejected ground point, and Problems existing is, more responsive to topography variation among a small circle; Many terrain feature points be positioned on landform skeleton line, because Local terrain changes amplitude not quite and is easily left in the basket, therefore, Terrain Simplification result lacks the precision controlling of the overall situation.In addition, also has the local landform shortcut calculation that a few class is special, as resampling method, global filtering method, mathematics morphology, wavelet analysis method etc., these algorithms have done identical smoothing processing to each point of DEM, do not meet the Terrain Simplification principle of " getting main house ", result is that mountain peak is scabbled, cheuch lifting, causes the distortion to a certain degree of overall landform skeleton.DEM Terrain Simplification basic thought based on overall topographic structure is, analyzes spatial relationship between landform characteristic sum topographic entity, thus determine topocentric choice and degree of integration by extracting and evaluate topographic structure line.For this reason, there is the algorithm of a large amount of extraction structure lines, summed up and get up to have analytical method, simulation and mixing method that the two combines.Topographic structure line short cut technique is topographic structure line due to reasonable employment, thus avoid the distortion of landform shape, but landform structure lines importance degree in Terrain Simplification process is lacked quantize further to distinguish at present, not easily determine that different topographic structure lines is applicable to the DEM with which kind of yardstick of reconstruct.In addition, three-dimensional douglas' method is a kind of representational DEM Terrain Simplification algorithm taking landform global structure into account, the method is by judging that the distance of dimensionally form point and specific basal plane decides it and accepts or rejects, thus complete three-dimensional topocentric simplify processes, achieve " getting main house " principle that Terrain Simplification is followed, landform overall profile can be kept preferably; But terrain feature point is accepted or rejected and is remained based on landform geometric properties, often be difficult to consider landform self system hierarchy and structure and spatial coherence, and unique point is chosen in process and is subject to the impact of the factor such as direction of scanning, initial basal plane, require relatively high to computational resource, when regional extent is comparatively large or simplify yardstick increase, its relevance measure is corresponding reduction then.
accompanying drawing 3with
fig. 4it is candidate's terrain feature point signal of application vital point method and three-dimensional douglas' method reservation when carrying out Terrain Simplification
figure, in order to ensure two kinds of method comparabilities,
in figurethe candidate feature retained is counted out identical.Visible due to different terrain short-cut method reconnaissance principle difference, the candidate feature space of points distributional difference for building multiple dimensioned DEM in Terrain Simplification process is obvious, and so, result DEM then can exist bigger difference on modeling accuracy and effect.
At present, the level of detail technology LOD (Level-of-Detail) applying Terrain Simplification method obtains extensive application in large scene terrain environment is visual.Namely the acquisition of the same area numerical cutting tool is gone from the simple to the complex, by slightly representing to some yardsticks of essence, selecting the model of different resolution according to specific needs, and achieve good display effect during drafting.LOD technology experienced by discrete LOD model, LOD Model and multiresolution LOD model three developing stage.When adopting the discrete LOD model established in advance, although calculate simple and draw speed, level is limited easily there is vision " jump ", actual needs can not be met under many circumstances, and provide abundant level both unrealistic, not only there is data redundancy, require to have network response fast and transmittability simultaneously.When adopting LOD Model, frequently change with viewpoint along with scene constantly switches, topographic details consecutive variations can be realized, but require higher to computer hardware and processing capability in real time; If adopt the dynamic multiple resolution ratio LOD approximate model relevant to viewpoint, easily there is connecting cracks between same level different resolution terrain block, had a strong impact on the visual level of terrain modeling and efficiency.Although LOD algorithm is more, be often difficult to the framework characteristic keeping landform in actual applications, make then to become relatively outstanding along with resolution reduces the landform collimation error.
In DEM Terrain Simplification scheme, choosing terrain feature point by the importance of metewand DEM grid points in the modeling of earth's surface, to reconstruct multiple dimensioned DEM be its key problem in technology.But, the method of current differentiation DEM grid point importance degree in landform is expressed, mainly be described from local landform geometric properties, the system quantifies research of relative shortage landform unique point semantic information aspect, cause in multiple dimensioned DEM landform expression process, the tap drain valley point of relatively " putting down " and main ridge point are more easily left in the basket, thus occur that mountain peak is scabbled, the phenomenon of cheuch lifting, cause the distortion to a certain degree of overall landforms skeleton; Further, express and apply easily to multiple dimensioned DEM landform and bring inconsistency.As: there is certain skewed logic in the watershed line extracted from different scale result DEM and charge for remittance line, can not ensure matching relationship during mutual fit.In traditional anthropogenic landforms's combined process, can the thinking of brain abstract be passed through, fully take into account the semantic features such as relief elements type, hierarchical organization and spatial relationship, realize that major landform key element retains, secondary atural object key element gives up gradually.And in current multiple dimensioned DEM restructuring procedure, be difficult to take terrain feature system hierarchy and structure, mutually space constraint relation into account, the multiple dimensioned landforms " getting main house " are expressed principle and are not easily realized, thus constrain effective raising of DEM multiple dimensioned terrain modeling degree of being practical.
As can be seen here, the importance degree of system evaluation DEM grid cell in landform is expressed, be the Main Basis accepting or rejecting terrain feature point in reconstruct DEM committed step, being determine that multiple dimensioned DEM builds the central factor of effect, is the basis of carrying out multiple dimensioned landform expression based on high accuracy DEM.Scientific knowledge, the system quantifies DEM grid cell importance degree in digital terrain is expressed, expresses the multiple dimensioned landform based on high accuracy DEM and has very important significance.And the importance degree of DEM grid cell in landform is expressed, not only relevant with the Local terrain changes form at its place, be associated with its place landform positions simultaneously, be the domatic point and mild ridge point that local relief degree is less equally, when multiple dimensioned landform is expressed, the former is suitable for ignoring and the latter is suitable for retaining; Furthermore, the terrain feature point that place landform positions type is identical, often corresponds to different landform level, such as the ditch valley point on tap drain and Zhigou, and the importance in multiple dimensioned landform is expressed is also obviously different.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical matters that will solve
Be difficult to take terrain feature system hierarchy and structure into account for existing in prior art in multiple dimensioned DEM reconfiguration technique, mutual space constraint relation, the multiple dimensioned landforms " getting main house " are expressed principle and are not easily realized, thus cause mountain peak to be scabbled, the phenomenon of cheuch lifting, cause the distortion of overall landforms skeleton, especially browse geographic scenes on a large scale to have no alternative but adopt mosaic technology, seriously constrain the problems such as effective raising of the multiple dimensioned constructing technology degree of being practical of DEM, core technology thought of the present invention is towards overall shaped area, fully take into account relief elements type, the semantic feature such as hierarchical organization and spatial relationship, combine from local geometric version and overall landform layer of structure two aspect, comprehensive measurement is carried out to the importance of DEM point position in the modeling of earth's surface, obtain DEM point position comprehensive importance degree index TSI (Terrain Significance Index), on this basis, set up the rule-of-thumb relation between reconstruct DEM target scale (engineer's scale or resolution) size and comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value, the target DEM of the terrain feature point reconstruct corresponding scale of different significance level is selected by setting threshold value.The invention provides a kind of multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account, the method is chosen terrain feature point according to it and is reconstructed multiple dimensioned DEM maintenance landform framework characteristic, can realize the multiple dimensioned DEM structure needs of different levels, serves the multiple dimensioned DEM application demand of different levels.
2. technical scheme
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account, and step comprises:
1) according to Local terrain changes form, applied differential geometry principle is estimated DEM point position geometry importance degree, passes through formula
carry out calculating DEM point position local geometric importance degree TSI
local; In formula: θ
itarget grid cell and adjacent cells elements method vector angle, namely by target grid cell and adjacent 8 grid cell normal vector angle averages, local importance degree is estimated, and be normalized all DEM point positions local geometric importance value in whole sample district is unified;
2) according to landform unique point type and landform level shape unique point semantic importance weight allocation scheme definitely, DEM point position overall situation semantic importance TSI is calculated
global;
Ditch valley point and ridge point: divide minimum unbranched river or ridge into the 1st grade, that only receives the 1st grade of tributary or ridge divides the 2nd grade into, and that receives 1,2 two-stage tributaries or ridge belongs to 3rd level, and the rest may be inferred carries out classification to ditch valley line and topographical crest; Be positioned at grade be 1 cheuch or ridge on some position overall situation importance value be set to 1, then grade often increases by 1, and its overall importance value increases by 1;
Ditch is put and toe point along the line: be 1 by all DEM grid point position equal assignment of overall importance degree be positioned on the along the line and leg wire of slope of ditch;
Mountain top point and saddle point: when determining mountain top point and saddle point overall situation semantic importance value, considering that they and crestal line point have repeatability on locus, is 1 by their the other assignment of overall importance value;
Cheuch node and crestal line node: consider that itself and ditch valley point or ridge point have position registration, using it connect 1/10th of secondary ditch valley point or ridge point rating value as its additional overall semantic importance values;
3) comprehensive importance degree index TSI in DEM point position estimates and extraction: extracting local geometric importance degree TSI for all DEM point positions
localwith overall semantic importance TSI
globalbasis on, applying equation TSI=TSI
local+ TSI
globaldEM point position comprehensive importance degree index TSI is estimated and extraction;
4) the choosing of candidate's terrain feature point: the corresponding relation between the reconstruct target DEM scale size obtained according to Comparison Method and comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value determines TSI threshold value; When landform is Gullied Rolling Loess Region, extracting comprehensive importance degree index TSI data source is
country's basethis engineer's scale 1:1 ten thousand resolution is the dem data of 5 meters, and the threshold value extracting charge for remittance line and watershed line employing is 200, then build and 1:2.5 ten thousand landform
figureduring corresponding DEM, TSI threshold value is 0.5; Build
country's baseduring this engineer's scale 1:5 ten thousand DEM, TSI threshold value is 1.0; Build and 1:10 ten thousand landform
figureduring corresponding DEM, TSI threshold value is 2.0; Build
country's baseduring this half size scale 50,000 DEM, TSI threshold value is 5.0; And then the comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value by selecting, extract candidate's terrain feature point of respective numbers, be used for reconstructing target scale DEM;
5) the DEM constructing technology flow process that application is conventional, the DEM using the candidate's terrain feature point extracted to complete target scale builds, and namely carries out thinization process according to Terrain Simplification efficiency to candidate's terrain feature; Then use the terrain feature of reservation point to add Feature line and build constraint TIN, carry out space interpolation on this basis and complete target scale structure DEM.
Step 1) described in DEM be
countrythe primary scale 5m that Mapping departments produce or 25m resolution DEM or the gridded DEM generated by ground or airborne laser radar point cloud.
Step 4) in adopt mean square error of height numerical analysis method and level line structure cover legally to determine comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value.
Step 5) described in space interpolation adopt interpolation or Natural neighbors method of interpolation.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
as Fig. 7shown in, when TSI threshold value is less, the point that locally landform metamorphosis is obvious is retained, and can portray the detail characteristic of landform to a certain extent; When TSI threshold value increases, low-grade cheuch and ridge are gradually by comprehensively, and the integral structure characteristic of different brackets is retained, thus reaches different levels Terrain Simplification demand.As can be seen here, take the multiple dimensioned DEM constructing plan of landform semantic information into account, preferentially retained by major landform key element, secondary atural object key element gives up gradually, the landform framework characteristic under different scale condition can be kept, be conducive to safeguarding that multiple dimensioned DEM builds the consistance of result and application thereof, significantly improve the practical function of multiple dimensioned DEM constructing technology, thus meet the multiple dimensioned DEM application demand of social different levels.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1for light ditch extraction is in 1:1 ten thousand DEM, dark ditch extraction extracts water system fit in 1:5 ten thousand DEM
figure.
fig. 2for light ditch extraction is in 1:1 ten thousand DEM, dark ditch extraction extracts water system fit in 1:25 ten thousand DEM
figure.
fig. 3for terrain feature point (black) space distribution that vital point (VIP) method is reconstruct DEM
figure.
fig. 4for terrain feature point (black) space distribution that three-dimensional Douglas (3DD-P) method is reconstruct DEM
figure.
fig. 5for flow process of the present invention
figure.
fig. 6for the comprehensive importance degree index (TSI) in DEM point position extracts result signal
figure.
fig. 7for the multiple dimensioned DEM effect of application TSI index construction
figure.
fig. 8for reconstructing DEM and 1:50 under different TSI threshold value, 000 vector level line fit
figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instructions
accompanying drawingand specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
as Fig. 5shown in, take the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method of landform semantic information into account, step comprises:
1) DEM is
countrythe primary scale 5m that Mapping departments produce or 25m resolution DEM or the gridded DEM generated by ground or airborne laser radar point cloud.According to Local terrain changes form, applied differential geometry principle is estimated DEM point position geometry importance degree, passes through formula
to calculating DEM point position local geometric importance degree TSI
local; In formula: θ
itarget grid cell and adjacent cells elements method vector angle, namely by target grid cell and adjacent 8 grid cell normal vector angle averages, local importance degree is estimated, and be normalized all DEM point positions local geometric importance value in whole sample district is unified, make its value be between 0 ~ 1;
2) according to landform unique point type and landform level shape unique point semantic importance weight allocation scheme definitely, DEM point position overall situation semantic importance TSI is calculated
global;
Ditch valley point and ridge point: application GIS software extracts high-precision ditch valley line and topographical crest as adopted hydrological analysis method in ARCGIS, on this basis, divide minimum unbranched river or ridge into the 1st grade, that only receives the 1st grade of tributary or ridge divides the 2nd grade into, receive 1,2 two-stage tributaries or ridge belong to 3rd level, the rest may be inferred carries out classification to ditch valley line and topographical crest; Then directly according to classification results, semantic importance assignment is carried out to the ditch valley point of different stage and crestal line point in software, should
figurein layer, other some position semantic importance assignment is 0.Be positioned at grade be 1 cheuch or ridge on some position overall situation importance value be set to 1, then grade often increases by 1, and its overall importance value increases by 1;
Ditch is put and toe point along the line: according to ditch, the along the line and leg wire of slope both sides gradient has significant difference, application ARCGIS software adopts nature knick point stage method to extract, or put along the line or toe point according to edge detection algorithm or snake algorithm application third party software MATLAB or extraction ditch of programming, on this basis, considering and there is no the along the line and leg wire of slope quantitative classification research of ditch at present, is 1 by all DEM grid point position equal assignment of overall importance degree be positioned on the along the line and leg wire of slope of ditch; Should
figurein layer, other some position semantic importance assignment is 0.
Mountain top point and saddle point: due to mountain top point and saddle point in position with topographical crest there is coincidence relation, extract in ARCGIS on the basis of topographical crest, window analysis method is adopted to extract mountain top point and saddle point by setting appropriate threshold, namely mountain top point is local elevation maximum of points on topographical crest, saddle point is local elevation minimum point on topographical crest, then be 1 by all mountain tops point of extracting and saddle point overall situation semantic importance assignment, should
figurein layer, other some position semantic importance assignment is 0.When determining mountain top point and saddle point overall situation semantic importance value, added value 1 on the crestal line point overall situation importance value basis belonging to it;
Cheuch node and crestal line node: because cheuch node and crestal line node have repeatability and correlativity with ditch valley line and topographical crest position respectively, extract on the basis of ditch valley line and topographical crest in ARCGIS, other three positions, ditch valley point or this feature of crestal line point position is at least connected according to cheuch node or crestal line node, cheuch node and crestal line node are extracted, using it connect 1/10th of secondary ditch valley point or ridge point rating value as its additional overall semantic importance values; Should
figurein layer, other some position semantic importance assignment is 0.
3) comprehensive importance degree index TSI in DEM point position estimates and extraction: extracting local geometric importance degree TSI for all DEM point positions
localwith overall semantic importance TSI
globalbasis on, applying equation TSI=TSI
local+ TSI
globaldEM point position comprehensive importance degree index TSI is estimated and extraction,
as Fig. 6shown in;
4) the choosing of candidate's terrain feature point:
as Fig. 8shown in, corresponding relation between the reconstruct target DEM scale size obtained according to Comparison Method and comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value determines TSI threshold value, (its numerical value corresponding relation is relevant to factors such as benchmark DEM resolution, terrain feature elements recognition threshold value, target DEM yardsticks), when landform is Gullied Rolling Loess Region, extracting comprehensive importance degree index TSI data source is
country's basethis engineer's scale 1:1 ten thousand resolution is the dem data of 5 meters, and the threshold value extracting charge for remittance line and watershed line employing is 200, then build and 1:2.5 ten thousand landform
figureduring corresponding DEM, TSI threshold value is 0.5; Build
country's baseduring this engineer's scale 1:5 ten thousand DEM, TSI threshold value is 1.0; Build and 1:10 ten thousand landform
figureduring corresponding DEM, TSI threshold value is 2.0; Build
country's baseduring this half size scale 50,000 DEM, TSI threshold value is 5.0, and then the comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value by selecting in ARCGIS software, and the candidate's terrain feature point extracting respective numbers is used for reconstructing target scale DEM;
5) utilize GIS software as in ARCGIS, by the above-mentioned candidate's terrain feature point chosen, adopt conventional DEM constructing technology flow process reconstruct target scale DEM.Specifically, applied mathematics Morphology Algorithm can be needed to carry out thinization process to candidate's terrain feature according to Terrain Simplification efficiency; Then use the terrain feature of reservation point to add Feature line and build constraint TIN (TIN, Triangulated Irregular Network), carry out the structure that interpolation or Natural neighbors method of interpolation complete target scale gridded DEM on this basis.
Claims (4)
1. take the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method of landform semantic information into account, it is characterized in that step comprises:
1) according to Local terrain changes form, applied differential geometry principle is estimated DEM point position geometry importance degree, passes through formula
to calculating DEM point position local geometric importance degree TSI
local; In formula: θ
itarget grid cell and adjacent cells elements method vector angle, namely by target grid cell and adjacent 8 grid cell normal vector angle averages, local importance degree is estimated, and be normalized all DEM point positions local geometric importance value in whole sample district is unified;
2) according to landform unique point type and landform level shape unique point semantic importance weight allocation scheme definitely, DEM point position overall situation semantic importance TSI is calculated
global;
Ditch valley point and ridge point: divide minimum unbranched river or ridge into the 1st grade, that only receives the 1st grade of tributary or ridge divides the 2nd grade into, and that receives 1,2 two-stage tributaries or ridge belongs to 3rd level, and the rest may be inferred carries out classification to ditch valley line and topographical crest; Be positioned at grade be 1 cheuch or ridge on some position overall situation importance value be set to 1, then grade often increases by 1, and its overall importance value increases by 1;
Ditch is put and toe point along the line: be 1 by all DEM grid point position equal assignment of overall importance degree be positioned on the along the line and leg wire of slope of ditch;
Mountain top point and saddle point: when determining mountain top point and saddle point overall situation semantic importance value, considering that they and crestal line point have repeatability on locus, is 1 by their the other assignment of overall importance value;
Cheuch node and crestal line node: consider that itself and ditch valley point or ridge point have position registration, using it connect 1/10th of secondary ditch valley point or ridge point rating value as its additional overall semantic importance values;
3) comprehensive importance degree index TSI in DEM point position estimates and extraction: extracting local geometric importance degree TSI for all DEM point positions
localwith overall semantic importance TSI
globalbasis on, applying equation TSI=TSI
local+ TSI
globaldEM point position comprehensive importance degree index TSI is estimated and extraction;
4) the choosing of candidate's terrain feature point: the corresponding relation between the reconstruct target DEM scale size obtained according to Comparison Method and comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value determine TSI threshold value when landform be Gullied Rolling Loess Region, to extract comprehensive importance degree index TSI data source be national primary scale 1:1 ten thousand resolution is the dem data of 5 meters, the threshold value extracting charge for remittance line and watershed line employing is 200, then during the DEM that structure is corresponding with 1:2.5 ten thousand topomap, TSI threshold value is 0.5; When building national primary scale 1:5 ten thousand DEM, TSI threshold value is 1.0; When building the DEM corresponding with 1:10 ten thousand topomap, TSI threshold value is 2.0; When building national primary scale 1:25 ten thousand DEM, TSI threshold value is 5.0; And then the comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value by selecting, extract candidate's terrain feature point of respective numbers, be used for reconstructing target scale DEM;
5) the DEM constructing technology flow process that application is conventional, the DEM using the candidate's terrain feature point extracted to complete target scale builds, and namely carries out thinization process according to Terrain Simplification efficiency to candidate's terrain feature; Then use the terrain feature of reservation point to add Feature line and build constraint TIN, carry out space interpolation on this basis and complete target scale structure DEM.
2. the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) described in the DEM gridded DEM that is the primary scale 5m that produces of national Mapping departments or 25m resolution DEM or generated by ground or airborne laser radar point cloud.
3. the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) adopt when determining comprehensive importance degree index TSI and DEM target scale rule-of-thumb relation mean square error of height numerical analysis method and level line structure to overlap legally to determine comprehensive importance degree index TSI threshold value.
4. the multiple dimensioned DEM construction method taking landform semantic information into account according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 5) described in space interpolation adopt interpolation or Natural neighbors method of interpolation.
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| CN107341493A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-10 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Terrain feature line extraction method and device based on branch similarity and electronic equipment |
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