CN104533945B - One kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure by axial mixed magnetic bearing - Google Patents
One kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure by axial mixed magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104533945B CN104533945B CN201510003170.XA CN201510003170A CN104533945B CN 104533945 B CN104533945 B CN 104533945B CN 201510003170 A CN201510003170 A CN 201510003170A CN 104533945 B CN104533945 B CN 104533945B
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Abstract
Rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure is realized by axial mixed magnetic bearing the invention discloses one kind, including magnetic suspension rotor, it is respectively arranged to provide the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing of rotor axial and radial suspension force along the axial two ends of magnetic suspension rotor, the electromagnet and permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing at the rotor axial two ends is symmetrically distributed；Shaft position sensor is set respectively in rotor axial or radial direction two ends, shaft position sensor is connected with controller, controller is connected by the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing at the axial two ends of power amplifier and magnetic suspension rotor respectively.Beneficial effect of the present invention：The magnetic suspension system active control free degree is reduced to minimum, eliminate the parts such as unnecessary active free degree control required controller, power amplifier, magnet coil, suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic bearing support structure is simplified, hybrid magnetic bearing reduction bias current reduces system power dissipation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic suspension structure, more particularly to one kind realizes rotor by axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
Five-degree magnetic suspension structure.
Background technology
Magnetic suspension bearing and referred to as magnetic bearing, are to utilize the magnetic interaction between stator and rotor, supporting rotor
It is suspended in a kind of electromechanical assembly in space.Due to Mechanical Contact being not present between rotor and stator, so turn of magnetic suspension bearing
Son can reach very high rotating speed, and have the advantages that no mechanical wear, small low in energy consumption, noise, long lifespan, need not lubricate, special
Shi He not the special application scenario such as high speed, vacuum, ultra-clean and nuclear power.
Magnetic levitation bearing system will realize the contactless support to rotor, it is necessary to be carried out to its five free degree in space
Control.Traditional magnetic suspension structure realizes the five of rotor space using two groups of radial magnetic bearings and one group of axial electromagnetic bearings
The free degree suspends.Each group of radial magnetic bearing controls two translational degree of freedom of rotor radial, axial magnetic suspension bearing control
The translational degree of freedom of rotor axial processed.This magnetic suspension structure is widely used in precision optical machinery processing, Aero-Space, day at present
The industries such as right gas is transported, nuclear power.The structure has two shortcomings, and one is because every group of magnetic bearing is required for respective sensor, power
Amplifier, control unit grade, therefore this kind complicated, power consumption is high.Another drawback is, due to journal bearing and radially electricity
Machine is placed side by side, adds the axial length of rotor, thus the system bulk increase brought, while rotor flexibility enhancing, to being
The stability of system and control bring difficulty, thus application is restricted in fields such as magnetic suspension manual heart pumps.
Existing suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic support technology is at five using Permanent-magnet bearing, electromagnetic bearing or hybrid magnetic bearing
It is respectively arranged in the free degree, position of the rotor in five frees degree is controlled respectively.Its common structure is as follows：
(1) radially with axially using five frees degree in electromagnetic bearing (or hybrid magnetic bearing) structure, this structure equal
Need to configure the hardware such as corresponding displacement transducer, power amplifier, controller, except increase space and weight, can also increase
The power consumption of system can space-consuming, increase weight using Permanent-magnet bearing.
(2) radial permanent magnet bearing and axial electromagnetic bearings (or hybrid magnetic bearing) structure, this structure are because used footpath
To Permanent-magnet bearing, therefore the displacement transducer and control hardware of radial direction are eliminated, but still need journal bearing support ability
Realize radial suspension.
(3) radial magnetic bearing (or hybrid magnetic bearing), eliminates axial magnetic bearing, but needs to control radially 4 translations
The free degree is, it is necessary to the hardware such as corresponding four sets of displacement transducers, power amplifier, controllers.Although the characteristics of above structure, is
The active free degree is reduced, but radial structure is still more complicated, and the active magnetic bearings of each free degree are to each free in addition
Degree is regulated and controled, it is impossible to realize that single degree of freedom magnetic bearing regulates and controls to multiple degrees of freedom suspension.
In summary, the active control free degree is not all reduced to minimum (1) by above magnetic suspension structure, and uses electromagnetic permanent
Magnetic hybrid magnetic bearing, so as to not accomplish in terms of spatial volume with system power dissipation optimal.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem to be realized to turn by axial mixed magnetic bearing there is provided one kind
Sub- five-degree magnetic suspension structure, the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing arranged using axial one degree of freedom, realizes rotor
Suspension in five frees degree, simplifies suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic structure, saves volume, the work(of magnetic suspension support structure
Consumption, solution is provided for maglev application in miniaturization, low-power consumption particular surroundings.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
One kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure, including magnetic suspension rotor by axial mixed magnetic bearing, along the magnetic
The axial two ends of suspension rotor are respectively arranged to provide rotor axial suspending power and the axial magnetic permanent magnetism of radial suspension force is mixed
Magnetic bearing is closed, the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing at the rotor axial two ends is symmetrically distributed；In the rotor axial or
Person radially sets shaft position sensor respectively, and the shaft position sensor is connected with controller, and the controller leads to respectively
Overpower amplifier is connected with the coil of the axial electromagnet and permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing in the axial two ends of magnetic suspension rotor.
The controller is by the electric current in the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing of power amplifier control both sides, so as to control
Magnetic flux between both sides axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing and rotor processed at air gap, produces axial restoring force, makes rotor in axle
To the stable suspersion for keeping active；
When a certain radial displacement occurs for rotor, the electromagnetic force between axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing and rotor will be produced
Raw radial component, the radial component direction is with rotor radial direction of displacement on the contrary, point to axle center, and the radial component makes rotor
Radial equilibrium position is returned to, so as to keep the radial suspension of rotor；
When radially small angular variation occurs rotor for axle, the radial direction point of the both sides axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
Power produces a righting moment, rotor is returned to equilbrium position.
The axial magnetic bearing is axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing, and the electromagnetic bearing includes stator core, electromagnetism
It is cylinder-shaped magnetic pole on the inside of coil and permanent magnet, stator core, including coil winding between the magnetic pole of outside, permanent magnet is in stator iron
Interior portion magnetic pole middle, using axial charging.
The rotor includes：It is cylinder on the inside of both sides magnetic pole and intermediate connecting part, wherein both sides magnetic pole, outside is
Tubular, is answered, intermediate connecting part is non-magnet material, for connecting both sides with the pole pair of axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
Magnetic pole forms one.
When the shaft position sensor is arranged on rotor radial, arranged on rotor for providing sensor signal source forever
Magnet ring, permanent-magnetic clamp uses axial charging, and permanent magnetism ring position is in same axial location with sensor.
If rotor radial selects driven suspension, radial displacement transducer need not be installed；
If rotor radial needs active control, need that the footpath for measuring rotor radial displacement is installed in rotor radial
To displacement transducer, radial displacement transducer has four, is arranged on the outside of rotor, is divided into two groups, every group of two sensors into
90 degree of right angle settings, detect, the radial displacement transducer is connected with controller respectively to radial displacement.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
1) the magnetic suspension system active control free degree is reduced to minimum, eliminated needed for the control of the unnecessary active free degree
The parts such as controller, power amplifier, magnet coil, simplify suspension of five-freedom degree magnetic bearing support structure.
2) using the radial load of axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing, as rotor radial suspending power, so as to eliminate footpath
To magnetic bearing.
3) five degree of freedom magnetic bearing system of the invention, can not radially apply active control, pass through axial magnetic permanent magnetism
The radial load of hybrid magnetic bearing realizes the radial direction driven suspension of rotor.
4) five degree of freedom magnetic bearing system of the invention, can add radial displacement transducer, by changing axle in radial direction
Electric current into electromagnet and permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing, to the radial and axial of rotor while implementing active control.Realize axial direction and footpath
To while active control.
5) present invention can reduce bias current using axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing compared with electromagnetic bearing, drop
Low system power dissipation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure chart；
Fig. 2 (a) is that axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension system axial suspension schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 (b) is that axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension system radial suspension schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 (c) is that axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing realizes that radially axle rotates outstanding to rotor five-degree magnetic suspension system
Floating schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing of the present invention realizes five-degree magnetic suspension system schematic；
Fig. 4 is the axially disposed structural representation of shaft position sensor of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the radially arranged structural representation of shaft position sensor of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is radial displacement transducer arrangement radial section schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is radial displacement transducer arrangement axial cross-sectional views of the present invention.
Wherein, 1. stator core, 2. rotor cores, 3. rotors, 4. coils, 5. permanent magnets, 6. shaft position sensors, 7.
Radial displacement transducer, 8. controllers, 9. power amplifiers, 10. permanent-magnetic clamps.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail.
Axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing of the present invention realizes five-degree magnetic suspension structural representation as shown in figures 1 and 3,
Axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing, rotor 3, shaft position sensor 6 and the radial displacement sensing arranged including axial two ends
Device 7, controller 8 and power amplifier 9.It is specific as follows per part composition：
The axial magnetic bearing of both sides is axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing, by stator core 1, is wound on electromagnetic wire therein
Circle 4 and permanent magnet 5 are constituted, and the inner side of stator core 1 is cylinder-shaped magnetic pole, and coil 4 is wound between interior outside magnetic pole, permanent magnet 5
In the interior permanent magnet middle of stator core 1, using axial charging.
Rotor 3 includes both sides magnetic pole and intermediate connecting part, is cylinder wherein on the inside of the magnetic pole of both sides, outside is cylinder
Shape, is answered, intermediate connecting part is non-magnet material, for connecting both sides magnetic with the pole pair of axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
Pole forms one, and rotor magnet is added between two rotor magnetic poles, is rotated to rotor driven.
Shaft position sensor 6 is used for the axial displacement for measuring rotor in real time, and axial displacement signal is input into control
In device.Shaft position sensor 6 can be positioned over rotor 3 axially, as shown in figure 4, two shaft position sensors 6 are placed in rotor
3 axial two ends, measure the axial displacement of rotor 3 and carry out after difference, input controller 8.Sensor can be that current vortex displacement is passed
Sensor, inductance displacement sensor, hall displacement transducer etc., but it is not limited to the above.
Shaft position sensor 6 can also be positioned over rotor 3 radially, as shown in figure 5, a permanent-magnetic clamp 10 is arranged on rotor 3,
Permanent-magnetic clamp 10 uses axial charging, and the position of permanent-magnetic clamp 10 is in same axial location with sensor, for the signal source of sensor,
Sensor is hall displacement transducer, by detecting that changes of magnetic field obtains rotor axial displacement signal, input controller 8.
Radial displacement transducer 7 can be installed as required, if radially selection driven suspension, need not install displacement biography
Sensor；If radially needing active control, need in radially installed radial displacement transducer 7, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, radially
Displacement transducer 7 has four, is arranged on the outside of rotor, is divided into two groups, and every group of two sensors are into 90 degree of right angle settings, diameter
Detected to displacement, radial displacement transducer is connected with controller respectively, can be eddy current displacement sensor, inductance displacement
Sensor, hall displacement transducer etc., but it is not limited to the above.
The effect of controller 8 is the displacement signal according to input, by control strategy set in advance, carries out computing, output
Control signal.
The effect of power amplifier 9 is that control signal is converted into electric current, is input in magnetic bearing, so as to control magnetic bearing
The suspension characteristics such as bearing capacity, rigidity, damping.
The suspension system structure of the present invention is made up of the stationary part and middle rotor portion of both sides, and both sides are into symmetrical point
Cloth.Magnetic circuit forms flux circuit by stator core 1, permanent magnet 5, air gap, rotor core 2.Coil 4 is placed in stator core 1,
By stator and rotor cores 2 after energization, flux circuit is formed, there is provided axially and radially suspending power needed for rotor by air-gap field.
The operation principle of the system axial active levitation is identical with traditional magnetic single-degree-of-freedom suspension system principle, passes through displacement
Sensor detects axial dipole field of the rotor relative to reference position, and controller 8 is controlled in the magnetic bearing of both sides by power amplifier 9
Electric current, so as to control the magnetic flux at the air gap of both sides, produce axial restoring force, rotor 3 is hanged in the stabilization for axially retaining active
It is floating.
Shown in principle such as Fig. 2 (a) that system axial suspends, when rotor axial deviates equilbrium position, sensor is detected
The axial displacement of rotor 3, the closed-loop control system of active produces corresponding control electric current on magnet coil, changes rotor both sides air gap
In magnetic flux, so as to produce the axial electromagnetic force with displacement opposite direction, rotor 3 is retracted into equilbrium position.
Shown in the radial suspension principle such as Fig. 2 (b) of rotor 3, when a certain radial displacement Δ r occurs for rotor 3, magnetic flux at air gap
Radial direction force direction is in opposite direction with radial displacement with axially having between certain angle, rotor, points to axle center, radial load makes rotor
3 return to radial equilibrium position, so as to keep the radial suspension of rotor 3.
Radially axle is rotated shown in the principle such as Fig. 2 (c) suspended system, and when rotor 3, radially small angular variation occurs for axle
During Δ θ, the radial load of both sides axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing can produce a righting moment Tr, rotor 3 is returned to balance
Position.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (1)
1. one kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure by axial mixed magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that, including magnetic suspension rotor, edge
The axial two ends of the magnetic suspension rotor are respectively arranged to provide the axial magnetic of rotor axial suspending power and radial suspension force
Permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing, the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing at the rotor axial two ends is symmetrically distributed；
Shaft position sensor is set at the rotor axial two ends, two shaft position sensors are placed in rotor axial two ends,
Measurement rotor axial displacement is simultaneously carried out after difference, input controller；
The shaft position sensor is connected with controller, and the controller passes through power amplifier and magnetic suspension rotor axle respectively
To the magnet coil connection of the axial electromagnet and permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing in two ends；The axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing includes stator
It is cylinder-shaped magnetic pole on the inside of unshakable in one's determination, magnet coil and permanent magnet, stator core, magnet coil is wound between interior outside magnetic pole,
Permanent magnet is in stator core interior permanent magnet middle, using axial charging；
The radial displacement transducer for measuring rotor radial displacement is installed in rotor radial, radial displacement transducer has four
It is individual, it is arranged on the outside of rotor, is divided into two groups, every group of two radial displacement transducers are into 90 degree of right angle settings, and one group to radial direction position
Shift-in row detection, another group is detected to axial displacement；The radial displacement transducer is connected with controller respectively；
The controller is by the electric current in the axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing of power amplifier control both sides, so as to control two
Side axle produces axial restoring force to the magnetic flux between electromagnet and permanent magnet hybrid magnetic bearing and rotor at air gap, rotor is protected axial
Hold the stable suspersion of active；
When a certain radial displacement occurs for rotor, the electromagnetic force between axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing and rotor will produce footpath
To component, the radial component direction is with rotor radial direction of displacement on the contrary, point to axle center, and the radial component returns to rotor
Radial equilibrium position, so as to keep the radial suspension of rotor；
When radially small angular variation occurs rotor for axle, the radial component production of the both sides axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
A raw righting moment, makes rotor return to equilbrium position；Controller is by changing the electricity in axial magnetic permanent magnetism hybrid magnetic bearing
Stream, to the radial and axial of rotor while implementing active control, and then realizes axially active control while with radial direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510003170.XA CN104533945B (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2015-01-05 | One kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure by axial mixed magnetic bearing |
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| CN201510003170.XA CN104533945B (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2015-01-05 | One kind realizes rotor five-degree magnetic suspension structure by axial mixed magnetic bearing |
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| CN104533945A CN104533945A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| CN104533945B true CN104533945B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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| CN114857170B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-03-24 | 华中科技大学 | Axial magnetic bearing structure of magnetic suspension bearing |
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