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CN104524275B - 一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104524275B
CN104524275B CN201410788961.3A CN201410788961A CN104524275B CN 104524275 B CN104524275 B CN 104524275B CN 201410788961 A CN201410788961 A CN 201410788961A CN 104524275 B CN104524275 B CN 104524275B
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黄生亮
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Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂及其制备方法,制成该片剂有效成分的原料药组成为:西洋参,黄精,当归,益母草,海马,枸杞,黄芪,蟹壳,炙甘草,木通,萹蓄,黄柏,连翘,熟地黄,生地黄,白芷,滑石,板蓝根,白茅根,黄芩,牵牛子。该中药片剂通过预防和治疗患者术后膀胱灌注治疗的并发症和提高患者自身免疫力来促进患者术后康复。采用固本培元、健脾滋阴、补肾养血、泻火解毒、清热利尿、活血化瘀、补气升阳的方法,可以有效的预防和治疗卡介苗灌注所引发的并发症,以及灌注操作所引发的尿路感染,提高患者自身免疫力,减小患者痛苦,促进患者术后恢复,抑制癌症复发。

Description

一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂及其制备方法,属于中药制剂技术领域。
背景技术
膀胱癌是指来源于膀胱壁上皮组织和间质组织的恶性肿瘤,是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,占我国泌尿生殖系肿瘤发病率的第一位。外科手术是目前治疗膀胱癌的主要方式。其中,对非肌层浸润性膀胱肿瘤首选经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术进行治疗。采用这种微创的手术,患者身体表面没有刀口,术后恢复很快。经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术需在术后配合以膀胱灌注治疗。在灌注过程中会因为操作不当而引起尿路感染引发并发症,也可能因为药物作用而引起并发症,其中,药物作用引起的并发症多是由卡介苗造成的。这些并发症一旦发生往往会打乱患者既定的治疗方案,极大的影响患者身体健康,延长术后恢复的时间。
卡介苗是治疗膀胱肿瘤常用的免疫治疗灌注药物。卡介苗灌注膀胱后可被膀胱粘膜吸附并介导免疫应答引起炎症反应,这种免疫反应可以破坏肿瘤细胞并防止其复发及进展。卡介苗是目前公认治疗非肌层浸润性膀胱癌最为有效的药物。被视为治疗原位癌最为有效的治疗手段。虽然卡介苗灌注效果显著,但其灌注治疗副作用同样不可忽视。卡介苗灌注所引发的副作用主要表现为局部副反应和全身副反应。局部副反应的症状主要表现为尿频尿急尿痛,严重的还会出现血尿症状。全身副反应的成因是因为卡介苗属于减活疫苗,其中尚有活性的结核杆菌可直接通过膀胱粘膜的吸收或通过手术创面的开放血管进入循环,导致全身性副反应的出现。少量的卡介苗吸收,可表现为低热、盗汗、肌肉酸痛等轻度的结核菌感染症状,可伴有膀胱刺激症状,如有活性的结核杆菌透过开放的血管床被大量吸收,严重还可导致结核性败血症。除了药物引起的并发症,
发明内容
本发明的目的是预防和治疗经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后的卡介苗灌注治疗的并发症,以及灌注操作所引发的尿路感染,促进膀胱癌患者术后恢复,减轻患者痛苦。从针对病症和调理机体增强患者自身免疫力两方面出发,采用固本培元、健脾滋阴、补肾养血、泻火利尿、清热解毒、活血化瘀、补气升阳的方法。
为了实现上述目的本发明从针对单个病症和全面调理机体增强自身免疫力两方面考虑提供了一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,该中药片剂采用固本培元、健脾滋阴、补肾养血、泻火解毒、清热利尿、活血化瘀、补气升阳的方法,可以有效的预防和治疗卡介苗灌注所引发的并发症,以及灌注操作所引发的尿路感染,提高患者自身免疫力,减小患者痛苦,促进患者术后恢复。
本发明提供了一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,由中药原料药和药物可接受的载体加工制备而成,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参8-15份,黄精5-10份,当归10-15份,益母草7-15份,海马3-9份,枸杞15-20份,黄芪10-20份,蟹壳3-8份,炙甘草8-15份,木通9-16份,萹蓄8-12份,黄柏6-12份,连翘8-13份,熟地黄7-15份,生地黄6-10份,白芷6-12份,滑石2-5份,板蓝根15-25份,白茅根3-8份,黄芩6-10份,牵牛子5-10份。
进一步的,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参8份,黄精5份,当归10份,益母草7份,海马3份,枸杞15份,黄芪10份,蟹壳3份,炙甘草8份,木通9份,萹蓄8份,黄柏6份,连翘8份,熟地黄7份,生地黄6份,白芷6份,滑石2份,板蓝根15份,白茅根3份,黄芩6份,牵牛子5份。
进一步的,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参15份,黄精10份,当归15份,益母草15份,海马9份,枸杞20份,黄芪20份,蟹壳8份,炙甘草15份,木通16份,萹蓄12份,黄柏12份,连翘13份,熟地黄15份,生地黄10份,白芷12份,滑石5份,板蓝根25份,白茅根8份,黄芩10份,牵牛子10份。
进一步的,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参13份,黄精8份,当归12份,益母草10份,海马6份,枸杞17份,黄芪15份,蟹壳6份,炙甘草12份,木通13份,萹蓄10份,黄柏9份,连翘10份,熟地黄12份,生地黄8份,白芷8份,滑石3份,板蓝根20份,白茅根5份,黄芩8份,牵牛子7份。
进一步的,所述药物可接受的载体包括:粘合剂,崩解剂,助流剂、润滑剂中的一种或两种;其中,所述粘合剂可以为淀粉、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、羧甲基纤维素、蔗糖、海藻酸及海藻酸盐、黄原胶;其中,所述崩解剂可以为交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基淀粉和大豆多糖;其中,所述助流剂可以为微粉硅胶、滑石粉和水合硅铝酸钠;其中,所述润滑剂可以为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、聚乙二醇、氢化植物油。
本发明还提供了所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:蟹壳培黄后研末,得蟹壳粉,海马研末得海马粉;
步骤2:将步骤1中得到的蟹壳粉和海马粉以及其他原料药加入重量倍数为9倍的水,煎煮两次,每次煎煮30-60分钟,煎煮后过滤;合并两次的滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.00~1.10(60℃),得浓缩液,加入乙醇使乙醇的质量分数达65%,搅匀,静置24~48小时,过滤并回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.15~1.25(60℃)的稠膏;
步骤3:向步骤2制得的稠膏中加入所述药物可接受的载体,混合,制粒,干燥,压片即得。
本发明为了预防和治疗经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后的卡介苗灌注治疗的并发症,促进膀胱癌患者术后恢复,减轻患者痛苦,采用固本培元、健脾滋阴、补肾养血、泻火利尿、清热解毒、活血化瘀、补气升阳的方法,在针对单个病症进行治疗的同时,全面调理机体增强自身免疫力。根据中医药理论辨证论治,通过大量实验筛选中药原料,精炼制剂方法,使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而达到标本兼治的效果。选取的原料药中,西洋参补气养阴,清热生津,用于气虚阴亏,虚热烦倦,消渴,抗疲劳;黄精滋肾润脾,补脾益气,具有益肾、健脾、养阴、润肺的功效,可用于治疗脾胃虚弱,精血不足,体虚乏力;当归补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便;益母草活血调经,行血散瘀,利尿,主治月经不调,产后血瘀腹痛,水肿,小便不利;海马温肾壮阳,散结消肿,用于阳痿,遗尿,肾虚作喘,症瘕积聚,跌扑损伤;枸杞滋补肝肾,益精明目,用于虚劳精亏,腰膝酸痛,眩晕耳鸣,阳萎遗精,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,目昏不明;黄芪性温,味甘,补气升阳,益卫固表、托毒生肌、利水退肿,主治脾胃虚弱,食少;蟹壳破瘀消积,治瘀血积滞,胁痛、腹痛,乳痈,冻疮,其含有的甲壳素可以迅速的在体内吸附油脂,并排出体外,具有降血脂、降血压、改善糖尿病、抗肿瘤、改善便秘等作用;炙甘草性甘温,归脾、胃、肺经,具有益气补虚,化痰止咳,缓急止痛,益阴生阳,用于药性峻猛的方剂中,能缓和烈性或减轻毒副作用,又可调和脾胃;木通具有泻火行水、通利血脉、通经下乳的功效,主治膀胱湿热,小便短赤热痛,口疮,心烦失眠等;黄柏具有清热燥湿、泻火除蒸、解毒疗疮的功效;萹蓄具有苦降下行、通利膀胱、苦燥、杀虫除湿止痒的功效,主治小便不利,尿道涩痛,湿疮;连翘具有清热解毒、散结消肿的功效,连翘浓缩煎剂在体外有抗菌作用,可抑制伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、白喉杆菌及霍乱弧菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌等;熟地黄滋阴补血,益精填髓,熟地黄所含的地黄多糖具有明显的免疫瘤活性,还具有强心、利尿、保肝、降血糖、抗增生、抗渗出、抗炎、抗真菌、抗放射等作用;白芷祛风散寒,通窍止痛,消肿排脓,燥湿止带,利血脉,祛风散寒,除湿通络,白芷对大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、变形杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌、霍乱弧菌、人型结核杆菌等均有抑制作用;滑石具有利尿通淋、清热解暑、祛湿敛疮的功效;生地黄具有清热凉血、养阴生津、止痛调经的功效,主治热入营血,身热口干,尿路感染;白茅根凉血止血,清热利尿,主治吐血,尿血,热淋,水肿,小便不利等;板蓝根清热解毒,凉血,主治感冒发热,斑疹,丹毒,疮痈肿毒;黄芩清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎,主治湿热所致黄疸,泻痢,热淋,痈肿疮毒,壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴;牵牛子泻下逐水,消痰涤饮,杀虫攻积,主治水肿胀满二便不利,痰饮咳喘,虫积腹痛。
这些原料药中西洋参、黄精、当归、益母草、海马、枸杞、黄芪、生地黄协同作用有健脾滋阴、补肾养血、活血化瘀、补气生阳的功效,其中,海马与枸杞相伍可增益其补肾效果,牵牛子与海马相伍可增益行气散结之功,这些药材可以从整体上调节机体,增强患者自身免疫力,减轻患者的体虚盗汗症状,促进患者康复,防止患者因脾肾阴虚而感染卡介苗中上有活性的结核杆菌,预防全身副反应;益母草、木通、萹蓄、滑石、白茅根、牵牛子都具备泻火利尿的作用,可以有效的预防和治疗局部副反应中尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿血的症状;萹蓄、黄柏、连翘、熟地黄、白芷、生地、板蓝根都具有抗菌功效,可以有效的预防和治疗灌注操作所引起的尿路感染;木通、黄柏、连翘、生地黄、板蓝根、白茅根、黄芩都具有清热解毒的功效,可以治疗和预防由卡介苗灌注引起的并发症或尿路感染引发的发热症状;熟地黄和蟹壳还具有抗肿瘤的作用,可抑制癌症复发;炙甘草在其中可以起到和中益气,调和药性,缓急止痛作用。以上诸药合用,可以预防和治疗膀胱癌术后膀胱灌注治疗所引起的尿路感染和卡介苗灌注引起的并发症,固本培元,提高患者自身免疫力,促进术后恢复,并且诸药相互调理,对机体不良影响小,临床应用更加安全有效。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明提供了一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂。该中药片剂通过预防和治疗患者术后膀胱灌注治疗的并发症和提高患者自身免疫力来促进患者术后康复。采用固本培元、健脾滋阴、补肾养血、泻火解毒、清热利尿、活血化瘀、补气升阳的方法,可以有效的预防和治疗卡介苗灌注所引发的并发症,以及灌注操作所引发的尿路感染,提高患者自身免疫力,减小患者痛苦,促进患者术后恢复。同时,该片剂中还含有抗肿瘤的成分可以起到一定的抑制癌症复发的作用。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1制备促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂
配方:
原料药:西洋参8克,黄精5克,当归10克,益母草7克,海马3克,枸杞15克,黄芪10克,蟹壳3克,炙甘草8克,木通9克,萹蓄8克,黄柏6克,连翘8克,熟地黄7克,生地黄6克,白芷6克,滑石2克,板蓝根15克,白茅根3克,黄芩6克,牵牛子5克。
辅料:羧甲基纤维素(粘合剂)6克,
交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(崩解剂)6克,
微粉硅胶(助流剂)1克,
硬脂酸镁(润滑剂)1克
配制方法为:
步骤1:蟹壳培黄后研末,得蟹壳粉,海马研末得海马粉;
步骤2:将步骤1中得到的蟹壳粉和海马粉以及其他原料药加入重量倍数为9倍的水,煎煮两次,每次煎煮45分钟,煎煮后过滤;合并两次的滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.00~1.10(60℃),得浓缩液,加入乙醇使乙醇的质量分数达65%,搅匀,静置36小时,过滤并回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.15~1.25(60℃)的稠膏;
步骤3:向步骤2制得的稠膏中加入辅料,混合,制粒,干燥,压片即得。
使用方法:用于预防,一次3片,一日3次;用于治疗,一次5片,一日3次,10日为一个疗程。
实施例2制备促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂
配方:
原料药:西洋参15克,黄精10克,当归15克,益母草15克,海马9克,枸杞20克,黄芪20克,蟹壳8克,炙甘草15克,木通16克,萹蓄12克,黄柏12克,连翘13克,熟地黄15克,生地黄10克,白芷12克,滑石5克,板蓝根25克,白茅根8克,黄芩10克,牵牛子10克。
辅料:麦芽糖糊精(粘合剂)6克,
羧甲基淀粉(崩解剂)6克,
滑石粉(助流剂)1克,
硬脂酸钙(润滑剂)1克
配制方法为:
步骤1:蟹壳培黄后研末,得蟹壳粉,海马研末得海马粉;
步骤2:将步骤1中得到的蟹壳粉和海马粉以及其他原料药加入重量倍数为9倍的水,煎煮两次,每次煎煮30分钟,煎煮后过滤;合并两次的滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.00~1.10(60℃),得浓缩液,加入乙醇使乙醇的质量分数达65%,搅匀,静置48小时,过滤并回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.15~1.25(60℃)的稠膏;
步骤3:向步骤2制得的稠膏中加入辅料,混合,制粒,干燥,压片即得。
使用方法:用于预防,一次3片,一日3次;用于治疗,一次5片,一日3次,10日为一个疗程。
实施例3制备促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂
配方:
原料药:西洋参13克,黄精8克,当归12克,益母草10克,海马6克,枸杞17克,黄芪15克,蟹壳6克,炙甘草12克,木通13克,萹蓄10克,黄柏9克,连翘10克,熟地黄12克,生地黄8克,白芷8克,滑石3克,板蓝根20克,白茅根5克,黄芩8克,牵牛子7克。
辅料:淀粉(粘合剂)6克,
大豆多糖(崩解剂)6克,
水合硅铝酸钠(助流剂)1克,
聚乙二醇(润滑剂)1克
配制方法为:
步骤1:蟹壳培黄后研末,得蟹壳粉,海马研末得海马粉;
步骤2:将步骤1中得到的蟹壳粉和海马粉以及其他原料药加入重量倍数为9倍的水,煎煮两次,每次煎煮60分钟,煎煮后过滤;合并两次的滤液,浓缩至相对密度为1.00~1.10(60℃),得浓缩液,加入乙醇使乙醇的质量分数达65%,搅匀,静置24小时,过滤并回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.15~1.25(60℃)的稠膏;
步骤3:向步骤2制得的稠膏中加入辅料,混合,制粒,干燥,压片即得。
使用方法:用于预防,一次3片,一日3次;用于治疗,一次5片,一日3次,10日为一个疗程。
实施例4临床试验研究
给予本发明实施例1至3任一项的中药片剂,使用方法为:用于预防术后膀胱灌注引发的并发症,一次3片,一日3次,每次灌注自前一周开始给药,至灌注后一个月停止用药;用于治疗膀胱灌注引发的并发症,一次5片,一日3次,10日为一个疗程,症状消除后持续巩固用药一个月。
预防效果试验:
随机选取300名,年龄30-60岁,平均45岁,需做经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术的非肌层浸润性膀胱肿瘤患者,每次自膀胱灌注卡介苗前一周开始给药,至灌注后一个月停止用药,坚持使用2年,期间,无一例患者出现尿路感染和其他卡介苗灌注引起的并发症,术后每3个月一次的膀胱镜复查,病人术后恢复状况良好,无复发迹象。
治疗效果试验:
随机选取100名由卡介苗膀胱灌注引起并发症的患者,年龄40-60岁,平均50岁,进行卡介苗膀胱灌注治疗3次以上,都有类此膀胱炎的症状,尿频尿急尿痛,其中,15位患者有尿血症状,18位患者尿路感染,35位患者有体虚盗汗的症状,10位患者有持续低热症状,5人有高热症状,13人有食欲不振症状,10人有头痛症状,12人有恶心呕吐症状,25位患者长期有肌肉酸痛的症状,1人出现结核性败血症症状。服用本发明片剂3个疗程后,25人并发症症状完全消除,69人症状明显好转,6人使用无效。
临床典型实施例:
1、陈某,35岁,男,经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后,进行卡介苗膀胱灌注治疗8次,出现尿频、尿急、尿痛,诊断为慢性膀胱炎,服用本发明片剂3个疗程后,尿频、尿急、尿痛消除,症状消除后持续服用本发明片剂1个月,慢性膀胱炎康复。
2、李某,50岁,女,经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后,进行卡介苗膀胱灌注治疗8次,出现尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿血和持续低热症状,服用本发明片剂3个疗程后,尿痛、尿血和持续低热症状消除,尿频、尿急症状明显好转。
3、齐某,58岁,男,经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术后,进行卡介苗膀胱灌注治疗10次,出现尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿血、高烧不退、头痛、呕吐、食欲不振,诊断为膀胱炎和尿路感染,服用本发明片剂3个疗程后,尿血、高热、头痛、呕吐、食欲不振症状消除,尿频、尿急症状有所好转,尿路感染康复。

Claims (6)

1.一种促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,由中药原料药和药物可接受的载体加工制备而成,其特征在于,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参8-15份,黄精5-10份,当归10-15份,益母草7-15份,海马3-9份,枸杞15-20份,黄芪10-20份,蟹壳3-8份,炙甘草8-15份,木通9-16份,萹蓄8-12份,黄柏6-12份,连翘8-13份,熟地黄7-15份,生地黄6-10份,白芷6-12份,滑石2-5份,板蓝根15-25份,白茅根3-8份,黄芩6-10份,牵牛子5-10份。
2.如权利要求1所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,其特征在于,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参8份,黄精5份,当归10份,益母草7份,海马3份,枸杞15份,黄芪10份,蟹壳3份,炙甘草8份,木通9份,萹蓄8份,黄柏6份,连翘8份,熟地黄7份,生地黄6份,白芷6份,滑石2份,板蓝根15份,白茅根3份,黄芩6份,牵牛子5份。
3.如权利要求1所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,其特征在于,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参15份,黄精10份,当归15份,益母草15份,海马9份,枸杞20份,黄芪20份,蟹壳8份,炙甘草15份,木通16份,萹蓄12份,黄柏12份,连翘13份,熟地黄15份,生地黄10份,白芷12份,滑石5份,板蓝根25份,白茅根8份,黄芩10份,牵牛子10份。
4.如权利要求1所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,其特征在于,所述中药片剂有效成分的原料药组成及重量份数为:西洋参13份,黄精8份,当归12份,益母草10份,海马6份,枸杞17份,黄芪15份,蟹壳6份,炙甘草12份,木通13份,萹蓄10份,黄柏9份,连翘10份,熟地黄12份,生地黄8份,白芷8份,滑石3份,板蓝根20份,白茅根5份,黄芩8份,牵牛子7份。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂,其特征在于,所述药物可接受的载体包括:粘合剂,崩解剂,助流剂、润滑剂中的一种或两种;其中,所述粘合剂可以为淀粉、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、羧甲基纤维素、蔗糖、海藻酸及海藻酸盐、黄原胶;其中,所述崩解剂可以为交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基淀粉和大豆多糖;其中,所述助流剂可以为微粉硅胶、滑石粉和水合硅铝酸钠;其中,所述润滑剂可以为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、聚乙二醇、氢化植物油。
6.如权利要求1所述的促进膀胱癌术后恢复的中药片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:蟹壳培黄后研末,得蟹壳粉,海马研末得海马粉;
步骤2:将步骤1中得到的蟹壳粉和海马粉以及其他原料药加入重量倍数为9倍的水,煎煮两次,每次煎煮30-60分钟,煎煮后过滤;合并两次的滤液,浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.00~1.10,得浓缩液,加入乙醇使乙醇的质量分数达65%,搅匀,静置24~48小时,过滤并回收乙醇,浓缩至60℃下相对密度为1.15~1.25的稠膏;
步骤3:向步骤2制得的稠膏中加入所述药物可接受的载体,混合,制粒,干燥,压片即得。
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