CN104469372A - Method and system for compressing light field image collected by microlens array - Google Patents
Method and system for compressing light field image collected by microlens array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and system for compressing a light field image collected by a microlens array. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the light field image is decomposed into multiple micro images, wherein each micro image is composed of pixel points at the same position in all macro-pixel blocks forming the light field image; secondly, the micro images are sequenced and synthesized into a lossless video file according to the sequence; thirdly, the video file is compressed through a video coding method. The method and system are suitable for compression of light field images obtained by the microlens array, a high compression ratio can be obtained, and good compression performance is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technology to light field image, being specifically related to a kind of method and system for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers.
Background technology
Light field is the summation of the light of optional position any direction in space, and light field image can be obtained by following two kinds of modes: gather by general camera array acquisition or by light-field camera (it has microlens array).Can be got by general camera array with two dimensional image is the two-dimensional array of element, the optical information wherein under every width image representative different visual angles; And by the larger-size image be a width being unit with grand block of pixels that light-field camera obtains, the different pixels in same grand block of pixels represents the optical information of same object point under different visual angles.
Because light field image size is comparatively large, in order to save memory space, usually can compress light field image.Existing light field image compression method mainly contains six classes: based on the method for vector quantization, method, the method based on Video coding, the method based on disparity compensation based on conversion, with based on the method for multifocal image.But, these light field image compression method process be take two dimensional image as the two-dimensional matrix of unit by general camera array acquisition, mostly can not directly be used for compressing the light field image gathered by microlens array.Wherein, reached the object of compression by the correlation removed in same visual angle and between different visual angles based on the method for Video coding, directly the light field image that several light-field camera gather is arranged in multi-frame video sequentially, then adopts the method based on Video coding to compress.But, adopt compression ratio in this way and compression quality lower.
How universal along with light-field camera, compress the light field image that obtained by microlens array and reach higher compression ratio and good compression performance is the current problem needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of method for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers.The method comprises:
Step 1), from light field image, decomposite several micro-images; Wherein, every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
Step 2), several micro-images described are carried out sorting and synthesize video file by this order;
Step 3), adopt the method based on Video coding to compress described video file.
In said method, step 1) each pixel position comprised for all grand block of pixels of composition light field image performs following steps:
The pixel taking out this position in all grand block of pixels forms micro-image, makes the position of pixel in this micro-image and the position consistency of grand block of pixels in this light field image belonging to this pixel of taking-up.
In said method, step 2) comprising:
Step 21), according to the correlation between micro-image, several the micro-images decomposited from described light field image are sorted;
Step 22), be video file according to this order by several micro-Images uniting.
In one embodiment, in step 21) in, for each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort clockwise from inside to outside from central point; According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
In another embodiment, in step 21) in, for each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort counterclockwise from inside to outside from central point; According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
In yet another embodiment, in step 21) in, for each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort from left to right, from the top down from the upper left corner; According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
In said method, described video file is lossless video file.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of method for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers also being provided, comprising:
Steps A), for the every width light field image in several light field image, from this light field image, decomposite several micro-images, wherein every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
Step B), for the every width light field image in several light field image described, several the micro-images decomposited from this light field image are carried out sorting and synthesize the video file corresponding with this light field image by this order;
Step C), the multiple video files corresponding with several light field image described are connected into a video file;
Step D), adopt the method based on Video coding to compress video file obtained in the previous step.
In said method, in step C) in, according to the acquisition time order of light field image, the video file corresponding with every width light field image is connected into a video file.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of system for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers also being provided, comprising:
For decompositing the equipment of several micro-images from light field image; Wherein, every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
For several micro-images described being carried out sorting and synthesizing the equipment of video file by this order; For the equipment that the method adopted based on Video coding is compressed described video file.
The present invention is applicable to compress the light field image obtained by microlens array, merge by light field image being decomposed into multiple micro-image and carrying out sequence, make the correlation between adjacent micro-image of having sorted comparatively large, be convenient to follow-up employing and based on the method for Video coding, it compressed.Adopt the present invention can reach higher compression ratio, and there is good compression performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention for compressing the method flow diagram of the light field image that microlens array gathers;
Fig. 2 (a) is the width light field image gathered by microlens array according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 (b) decomposes to the light field image shown in Fig. 2 (a) 121 the micro-images obtained;
Fig. 3 is the compression effectiveness comparison diagram adopting method provided by the invention and existing method to compress several light field image gathered by microlens array respectively.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is illustrated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of method for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers is provided.
With reference to figure 1 and generally, the method comprises: carry out decomposition to the light field image gathered by microlens array and obtain several micro-images, wherein every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels; Several the micro-images obtained are sorted, and is video file according to this order by micro-Images uniting; And, adopt the method based on Video coding to compress video file.
Each step of this compression method is hereafter described for a width light field image.
The first step: decomposition is carried out to the light field image gathered by microlens array and obtains several micro-images.
As described above, the larger-size image that what microlens array collected is is unit with grand block of pixels, a width light field image is made up of multiple grand block of pixels.Such as, form for the grand block of pixels by 11x11 (unit is pixel) light field image being of a size of 4147x4147, this image comprises 377x377 grand block of pixels.
In one embodiment, the implementation procedure of this step is as follows:
For all grand block of pixels of composition one width light field image, the pixel taking out in all grand block of pixels same column (i.e. same position) of going together mutually forms a little image (i.e. micro-image).In a preferred embodiment, the position of the pixel of taking-up in micro-image and the position consistency of grand block of pixels in light field image belonging to this pixel should be made.In other embodiments, the position of pixel in micro-image of taking-up and the grand block of pixels belonging to this pixel position in light field image can be inconsistent, but need consistent from the position of pixel in the micro-image of difference of same grand block of pixels.Adopt in this way, the micro-image corresponding with each pixel position in grand block of pixels can be obtained.
According to one embodiment of present invention, for all grand block of pixels, can according to order capture vegetarian refreshments from left to right, from top to bottom.Such as, first take out the pixel at the 1st row the 1st row place in each grand block of pixels, obtain arranging corresponding micro-image with grand block of pixels the 1st row the 1st; Then, take out the pixel at the 1st row the 2nd row place in each grand block of pixels, obtain arranging corresponding micro-image with grand block of pixels the 1st row the 2nd; By that analogy.
Second step: several the micro-images obtained are sorted, and be video file according to this order by micro-Images uniting.
This step comprises following two sub-steps:
Step 1, to sort according to pair several micro-images corresponding with light field image of the correlation between micro-image, make the correlation between adjacent micro-image comparatively large, so that adopt the method based on Video coding to compress afterwards.Sortord can comprise following several:
(1), sequence is rotated
Due to every micro-image corresponding with the pixel position of in grand block of pixels (namely pixel takes from this position), for stating conveniently, sort herein by pixel position each in grand block of pixels, obtain the order between micro-image corresponding with each pixel position.
Rotating sequence refers to from the central pixel point of grand block of pixels, sorts from inside to outside to each pixel position.Such as, from central pixel point, along all pixel positions traveled through from inside to outside clockwise or counterclockwise in grand block of pixels.The order of the micro-image corresponding with each pixel position can be obtained according to the order of pixel position.
(2), level sequence
Level sequence refers to from the high order end of grand block of pixels a line, travel through the pixel position of this row from left to right, and method travels through the pixel position of the every a line of grand block of pixels like this.
Preferably, from the upper left corner of grand block of pixels, from left to right, the order of each pixel position can be obtained from top to bottom, thus obtain the order of corresponding micro-image.
(3), vertically sort
Vertical sequence refers to from the top of a certain row of grand block of pixels, from up to down travels through the pixel position of these row, and method travels through the pixel position of each row of grand block of pixels like this.
Preferably, from the upper left corner of grand block of pixels, from top to bottom, can from left to right obtain the order of each pixel position, thus obtain the order of corresponding micro-image.
(4), self-defined sequence
The micro-image corresponding with a width light field image can also be arranged according to the order pre-defined.
Step 2, after sequence, several corresponding for light field image micro-images are merged as the frame in video by this order, obtains lossless video file, such as YUV file.
3rd step: adopt the method based on Video coding to compress video file.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and existing video file compression method can be adopted to compress.In one embodiment, adopt x264 coding method to carry out the compression of video file, in another embodiment of the present invention, adopt the coding methods such as x265 to encode, thus obtain the ASCII stream file ASCII after compressing.
Above for a width light field image, describe the method for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers provided by the invention.Needing to compress in the embodiment of several light field image, first the video file that every width light field image is corresponding can be obtained, then these video files are synthesized a total video file, more total video file is adopted compress based on the method for Video coding.Specifically, comprise the following steps:
The first step: decompose each the width light field image in several light field image, obtains several micro-images corresponding with every width light field image.The process of decomposing is illustrated hereinbefore, no longer repeated description herein.
Several micro-images of correspondence are sorted by second step: for each width light field image, and are video file according to this order by several micro-Images uniting, thus obtain the video file corresponding with every width light field image.Wherein, sort method can comprise rotation sequence, level sequence, vertical sequence etc.
3rd step: coupled together by all video files obtained, synthesizes a total video file.
Wherein, random order can be adopted to connect these video files, in a preferred embodiment, according to the time sequencing gathering these light field image, the video file corresponding with every width light field image can be coupled together, obtain merging by multiple light field image the total video file obtained.
4th step: adopt the method based on Video coding to compress total video file obtained in the previous step.
Below for the light field image of use light-field camera to gather 19 3 persons of low position, specifically describe the process compressed these light field image according to method provided by the invention, Fig. 2 (a) shows a wherein width light field image.Wherein, the form of light field image is BMP, and every width light field image is of a size of 4147x4147 and image size is 49.2MB, and grand block of pixels is of a size of 11x11.
1, because each width light field image has the grand block of pixels of 377x377 11x11, each width light field image can be decomposed into micro-image that 11x11 width is of a size of 377x377.
Concrete decomposable process comprises:
For the grand block of pixels of 377x377 11x11, the pixel at the i-th row jth row place in each grand block of pixels is taken out (i=1 ... 11; J=1 ..., 11), then total 377x377 pixel; Each pixel in this 377x377 pixel is carried out according to the position of the grand block of pixels belonging to this pixel in primary light field picture the micro-image arranging formation one width 377x377, and the file size of this micro-image is 417KB.
Based on above-mentioned decomposition method, according to from left to right, the grand block of pixels of order traversal from top to bottom, then can obtain 121 (11x11) micro-image, and each micro-image is all corresponding with a position in grand block of pixels.When i is 6 and j is 6, micro-image of taking-up is as shown in Fig. 2 (b) center image.
2a, for every width light field image, resequenced by decomposite 121 micro-images according to clockwise rotary rowed sequential mode, this rotation sequence mapping table is as shown in table 1.In Table 1, micro-image that the element representation pixel that the i-th row jth arranges arranges from grand block of pixels i-th row jth, element value represents the sequence number of this micro-image after rotating sequence.Formed for the pixel arranged from the 4th row the 6th in grand block of pixels the micro-image being of a size of 377x377, its sequence number rotated after sequence is 15.Similarly, formed for the pixel arranged from the 5th row the 5th in grand block of pixels the micro-image being of a size of 377x377, its sequence number rotated after sequence is 3.
Table 1
3, the micro-image decomposited from each width light field image is synthesized YUV file according to the order sequenced, then each YUV file comprises 121 two field pictures, and each two field picture is of a size of 377x377.
4, by YUV file corresponding for 19 width light field image, couple together according to the sequencing of light field image acquisition time, form the YUV file that comprises 2299 (121x19) two field picture, the size of this YUV file is 487535136Bytes (464MB).
5, adopt the encoder of x264, encode according to following optimum configurations.
Participate in the totalframes of coding: 2299 frames;
Frame per second: 25frames/s;
Quantization parameter: 32;
GOP size: 25;
The quantity of the continuous B frame allowed: 1.
Thus the coding result obtained is as follows:
Code check after compression is 73028.34kb/s; PSNR is 29.8885dB; ASCII stream file ASCII size after compression is 6937642Bytes (6.6MB), then compression ratio is: 487535136bytes/6937642Bytes=70.2739.
Also can adopt in another way, above-mentioned 2a step is become:
2b, for every width light field image, resequenced according to horizontal sortord from top to bottom, from left to right by decomposite 121 micro-images, horizontal ordering map table is as shown in table 2.In table 2, micro-image that the element representation pixel that the i-th row jth arranges arranges from grand block of pixels i-th row jth, element value represents the sequence number of this micro-image after level sequence.Formed for the pixel arranged from the 4th row the 6th in grand block of pixels the micro-image being of a size of 377x377, the sequence number after the sequence of its level is 39.Identical, formed for the pixel arranged from the 5th row the 5th in grand block of pixels the micro-image being of a size of 377x377, the sequence number after the sequence of its level is 49.
Table 2
Keep other steps constant, the coding result obtained is as follows:
Code check after compression is 80675.54kb/s; PSNR is 29.8881dB; ASCII stream file ASCII size after compression is 7664165Bytes (6.6MB), then compression ratio is: 487535136bytes/7664165Bytes=63.6123.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of system for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers also being provided, comprising following equipment:
For decompositing the equipment of several micro-images from light field image; Wherein, every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image.
For several micro-images being carried out sorting and synthesizing the equipment of video file by this order.
For the equipment that the method adopted based on Video coding is compressed video file.
For verifying the validity of the method and system for compressing the light field image that microlens array gathers provided by the invention, inventor adopts the existing compression method based on Video coding and method provided by the invention to test respectively, and the material of experiment is the light field image that there is minute differences under several Same Scene collected by light-field camera.
1 represents existing method in method, and several light field image are directly synthesized YUV file by the time sequencing of shooting by the method, and adopt x264 coding techniques to compress; 2 represent method provided by the invention in method, wherein adopt clockwise rotation sort and adopt x264 coding techniques to compress; 3 represent method provided by the invention in method, wherein adopt level from top to bottom, from left to right sort and adopt x264 coding techniques to compress.
Table 3 shows experimental result, according to set different quantization parameters (QP), gives the information in bit rate, PSNR and compression ratio three.
Table 3
Fig. 3 then gives the schematic diagram of the compression quality adopting above-mentioned three kinds of methods to obtain respectively.As can be seen from table 3 and Fig. 3, compared with existing compression method, method provided by the invention, several micro-images are decomposited by each width light field image, micro-image is sorted and synthesizes YUV file, compressed by YUV file total for YUV file synthesis corresponding for each width light field image, the effect reached in compression ratio and compression quality (PSNR-bit rate) is all more excellent again.
Inventor also tests respectively for different sortords, experimental result shows, adopt the sequence that turns clockwise similar with the compression performance being rotated counterclockwise sequence, the sequence of employing level is similar with the compression performance of vertical sequence, and compared with prior art, adopt the compression ratio of these sort methods and compression performance to be all greatly improved.
It should be noted that and understand, when not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention required by accompanying claim, various amendment and improvement can be made to the present invention of foregoing detailed description.Therefore, the scope of claimed technical scheme is not by the restriction of given any specific exemplary teachings.
Claims (10)
1., for compressing a method for the light field image that microlens array gathers, comprising:
Step 1), from light field image, decomposite several micro-images; Wherein, every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
Step 2), several micro-images described are carried out sorting and synthesize video file by this order;
Step 3), adopt the method based on Video coding to compress described video file.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, step 1) each pixel position comprised for all grand block of pixels of composition light field image performs following steps:
The pixel taking out this position in all grand block of pixels forms micro-image, makes the position of pixel in this micro-image and the position consistency of grand block of pixels in this light field image belonging to this pixel of taking-up.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, step 2) comprising:
Step 21), according to the correlation between micro-image, several the micro-images decomposited from described light field image are sorted;
Step 22), be video file according to this order by several micro-Images uniting.
4. method according to claim 3, in step 21) in,
For each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort clockwise from inside to outside from central point;
According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
5. method according to claim 3, in step 21) in,
For each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort counterclockwise from inside to outside from central point;
According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
6. method according to claim 3, in step 21) in,
For each pixel position in grand block of pixels, sort from left to right, from the top down from the upper left corner;
According to the order of each pixel position, obtain the order of the micro-image be made up of the pixel from this position.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described video file is lossless video file.
8., for compressing a method for the light field image that microlens array gathers, comprising:
Steps A), for the every width light field image in several light field image, from this light field image, decomposite several micro-images, wherein every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
Step B), for the every width light field image in several light field image described, several the micro-images decomposited from this light field image are carried out sorting and synthesize the video file corresponding with this light field image by this order;
Step C), the multiple video files corresponding with several light field image described are connected into a video file;
Step D), adopt the method based on Video coding to compress video file obtained in the previous step.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein, in step C) in,
According to the acquisition time order of light field image, the video file corresponding with every width light field image is connected into a video file.
10., for compressing a system for the light field image that microlens array gathers, comprising:
For decompositing the equipment of several micro-images from light field image; Wherein, every micro-image is made up of the pixel of same position in all grand block of pixels forming this light field image;
For several micro-images described being carried out sorting and synthesizing the equipment of video file by this order;
For the equipment that the method adopted based on Video coding is compressed described video file.
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