CN104311256B - A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate made of industrial hemp - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate made of industrial hemp Download PDFInfo
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- CN104311256B CN104311256B CN201410513563.0A CN201410513563A CN104311256B CN 104311256 B CN104311256 B CN 104311256B CN 201410513563 A CN201410513563 A CN 201410513563A CN 104311256 B CN104311256 B CN 104311256B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind with industrial hemp accessory substance (numb seed shell, straw bar are considered to be worth doing) for the mushroom cultivation substrate of one of primary raw material, the mushroom that the cultivation matrix plantation provided using the present invention is obtained, it is relatively short for the mushroom growth cycle of main raw material planting with wood chip, mycelial growth is uniform, and volume increase is up to 10%~38%；While greatly improving the crude protein in mushroom, unrighted acid, total reducing sugar, crude fibre, ascorbic content, the quality of mushroom is added；For the effective using providing an effective approach of industrial hemp accessory substance (numb seed shell, straw bar bits), while the problem of also solving the timber that occurs in mushroom plantation there is lack of raw materials, cost is higher, mitigation " bacterium woods " contradiction.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of with the high-quality cultivating champignon base of the numb seed shell of industrial hemp and straw bar bits for primary raw material
Matter.
【Background technology】
Mushroom (Lentinulaedodes), also known as dried mushroom, mushroom, fragrant letter, fragrant bacterium, flower mushroom, fragrant wild rice, are Bai Mo sections, mushroom
The edible mushroom of category, is a kind of macro fungi fructification being grown on timber, rich in vitamin B complex, iron, potassium, provitamin D
It is (vitamin D is changed into after Exposure to Sunlight), sweet, it is mild-natured, anorexia is cured mainly, few gas is weak, with delicious flavour, fragrance make people mentally refreshing,
Nutritious advantage, therefore obtained liking for consumers in general.
Existing cultivating champignon mode has segment wood cultivated, Artificial log cultivation and ground to plant three big basic modes, as generation material is planted
The constantly improve of training technology and people conserve forests the enhancing of consciousness, it is segment wood cultivated in recent years seldom, China's mushroom is main
From substituting stuff cultivation, existing substituting stuff cultivation technology is typically used as major ingredient using wood fragments bits.Major ingredient is done using wood fragments bits, makes mushroom
Production cycle extension, yield reduction, add the limitation of cultural method, cause mushroom mycelium growth it is uneven, further
It has impact on the yield and quality of mushroom.
Industrial hemp fiber crops seed shell, the addition product that anesthesia stem is annual industrial hemp.After the numb seed of harvest, substantial amounts of waste of flax
Abandoned as discarded object in ground, while edestan processing enterprise is carried out after edestan shelling processing, the number of the numb seed shell " waste " of discarding
Amount is huge, causes and greatly wastes.
【The content of the invention】
The present invention is in view of the above-mentioned problems, provide a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, and the mushroom cultivation substrate uses industrial hemp seed
Shell, industrial hemp stalk bits do one of primary raw material, carry out cultivating champignon, shorten the growth cycle of mushroom, make mushroom mycelium
Growth is uniform, improves the yield and quality of mushroom.
The present invention provides a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, and raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
25~38 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 35~53 parts of weed tree sawdusts, 16~20 parts of wheat bran, 0.8~1.2 part of plaster of paris,
0.8~1.2 portion of sucrose.
Particularly, in addition to：The numb seed shell of 3~8 parts of industrial hemps.
Particularly, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
30 portions of industrial hemp cane bits, 48 portions of wood chips, 20 portions of wheat bran, 1.2 portions of plaster of paris, 0.8 portion of sucrose.
Particularly, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
The numb seed shells of 5 parts of industrial hemps, 36 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 38 parts of wood chips, 19 parts of wheat bran, 1.2 parts of plaster of paris,
0.8 portion of sucrose.
Particularly, the cultivation matrix is fabricated to after cultivation rod, in cultivation rod the water content of cultivation matrix should be 55%~
70%, pH value is natural.
The mushroom cultivation substrate that the present invention is provided coordinates following cultural method, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom：
(1) cultivation rod is made：
Mushroom cultivation substrate is matched by mass fraction；The cultivation matrix matched is put into blender, backward mixer
Middle addition water is stirred 20~30 minutes, obtains well mixed cultivation matrix, controls the aqueous of the well mixed cultivation matrix
Measure as 55%~70%, PH natures；Well mixed cultivation matrix is put into semi-automatic sack filling machine and carries out packing rod processing processed,
Cultivation rod is obtained, the weight of the cultivation rod is 2.1~2.3kg/ rods；
(2) disinfection inoculation：
Obtained cultivation rod is put into progress atmospheric steam sterilization treatment in autoclave, sterilization time is more than 36h；Sterilizing
Afterwards, cultivation rod is taken out, is put under normal temperature environment and is cooled down, bag temperature is cooled to less than 30 DEG C；Cultivation rod after cooling is put
Enter in inoculating hood, cultivating champignon kind is accessed afterwards and obtains bacterium rod；
(3) cultivation management：
Bacterium rod is put into shading, bacterium germination culture, turning, pump-down process are carried out in the culture bacterium room of constant temperature；When mycelia is ripe
After annesl, the bacterium rod of infection miscellaneous bacteria is removed, bacterium rod pollution-free, that mycelia annesl is good is selected and is put into restocking in mushroom shed, de- bag, enter
Row management of producing mushroom, mushroom shed temperature control is below 24 DEG C；
(4) ripe harvesting：
Bacterium rod takes off bag after 4~6 days, carries out urging mushroom to cultivate under conditions of 10 DEG C or so of day and night temperature；When going out to budding mushroom,
Relative air humidity will be maintained at 85%~90% in canopy, and bacterium rod is sprayed water in good time, keep required humidity in canopy, note
Ventilation, mushroom harvesting is carried out when cap marginal membrane broken 1/3~1/2, cap curls inward are in bronze gong side.
The mushroom cultivation substrate combination cultural method provided compared to prior art, the present invention, with advantages below：
1st, the cycle is short, yield is high：The matrix of industrial hemp sheave is added, than the mushroom of traditional pure weed tree sawdust plantation, is planted
Train cycle time 5-9 days, yield amplification increases 25-38%；The formula of the numb seed shell of industrial hemp and sheave is added, it is purer than tradition
The mushroom of weed tree sawdust plantation, cultivation period shortens 5-10 days, and yield amplification increases 10-15%；
2nd, in good taste, nutritional ingredient is high：The mushroom planted out using cultivation matrix of the present invention, the crude protein of mushroom,
Total reducing sugar, crude fibre, ascorbic content are higher than the mushroom that traditional weed tree sawdust is planted, unrighted acid (ω -6)：(ω-3)
For golden ratio, suitable absorption of human body；
3rd, the channel of cultivating champignon raw material has been widened, the usage amount of wood chip is reduced, " bacterium-woods " contradiction has been relaxed, by work
" discarded object " of sparetime university fiber crops is turned waste into wealth, and reduces the cost of Lentnus edodes.
【Embodiment】
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further described.
Embodiment 1：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：25 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 53 parts
Wood chip, 20 parts of wheat bran, 0.8 part of plaster of paris and 1.2 portions of sucrose.
The embodiment 1 coordinates following cultural method, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom：
(1) cultivation rod is made：
Mushroom cultivation substrate is matched by mass fraction；The cultivation matrix matched is put into blender, backward mixer
Middle addition water is stirred 20~30 minutes, obtains well mixed cultivation matrix, controls the aqueous of the well mixed cultivation matrix
Measure as 55%~70%, pH value nature；Well mixed cultivation matrix is put into semi-automatic sack filling machine and pack at rod processed
Reason, obtains cultivation rod, the weight of the cultivation rod is 2.1~2.3kg/ rods；
(2) disinfection inoculation：
Obtained cultivation rod is put into progress atmospheric steam sterilization treatment in autoclave, sterilization time is more than 36h；Sterilizing
Afterwards, cultivation rod is taken out, is put under normal temperature environment and is cooled down, bag temperature is cooled to less than 30 DEG C；Cultivation rod after cooling is put
Enter in inoculating hood, aseptically access cultivating champignon kind and obtain bacterium rod；
(3) cultivation management：
Bacterium rod is put into shading, bacterium germination culture, turning, pump-down process are carried out in the culture bacterium room of constant temperature；When mycelia is ripe
After annesl, the bacterium rod of infection miscellaneous bacteria is removed, bacterium rod pollution-free, that mycelia annesl is good is selected and is put into restocking in mushroom shed, de- bag, enter
Row management of producing mushroom, mushroom shed temperature control is below 24 DEG C；
(4) ripe harvesting：
Bacterium rod takes off bag after 4~6 days, carries out urging mushroom to cultivate under conditions of 10 DEG C or so of day and night temperature；When going out to budding mushroom,
Relative air humidity will be maintained at 85%~90% in canopy, and bacterium rod is sprayed water in good time, keep required humidity in canopy, note
Ventilation, mushroom harvesting is carried out when cap marginal membrane broken 1/3~1/2, cap curls inward are in bronze gong side.It can obtain high-quality
Mushroom.
Embodiment 2：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
30 portions of industrial hemp cane bits, 48 portions of wood chips, 20 portions of wheat bran, 1.2 portions of plaster of paris, 0.8 portion of sucrose.
The embodiment 2 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 3：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
35 portions of industrial hemp cane bits, 35 portions of wood chips, 18 portions of wheat bran, 1 portion of plaster of paris, 1 portion of sucrose.
The embodiment 3 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 4：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
38 parts of industrial hemp cane bits, 44 parts of wood chips, 16 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of plaster of paris and 1 portion of sucrose.
The embodiment 4 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 5：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
The numb seed shells of 3 parts of industrial hemps, 37 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 38 parts of wood chips, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1.2 parts of plaster of paris,
0.8 portion of sucrose.
The embodiment 5 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 6：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
The numb seed shells of 5 parts of industrial hemps, 36 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 38 parts of wood chips, 19 parts of wheat bran, 1.2 parts of plaster of paris,
0.8 portion of sucrose.
The embodiment 6 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 7：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
The numb seed shells of 6 parts of industrial hemps, 34 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 41 parts of wood chips, 17 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of plaster of paris, 1 part
Sucrose.
The embodiment 7 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
Embodiment 8：
Mushroom cultivation substrate, raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
The numb seed shells of 8 parts of industrial hemps, 38 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 53 parts of wood chips, 16 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of plaster of paris, 1 part
Sucrose.
The embodiment 8 uses cultural method same as Example 1, carries out the conventional cultivation management of mushroom, herein not
Repeat again.
As table 1 below be using the mushroom cultivation substrate that provides of the present invention with tradition sawdust mushroom cultivation when, mushroom is buddingged
Number of days and mushroom amount of increase in production correction data in advance.
The mushroom of the different formulations of table 1 is buddingged number of days in advance and yield comparison
As shown in Table 1, the mushroom cultivation substrate provided using the present invention, shifts to an earlier date the number of days of buddingging of mushroom, is shortening
The yield of mushroom is improved while the cultivating champignon cycle.
If table 2 below is provides mushroom cultivation substrate and the mushroom nutrient component meter pair planted out of tradition wood chip using the present invention
According to table.
Yield and the nutritional ingredient contrast of the different formulations of table 2
As shown in Table 2, using the mushroom cultivation substrate that provides of the present invention, contained crude protein in the mushroom cultivated, no
Saturated fatty acid, total reducing sugar, crude fibre, ascorbic content are higher than the mushroom that traditional weed tree sawdust is planted.
The recommendation for the relevant edible oil and fat that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) delivers in October, 1993 claims, and is used as required unsaturated lipid
Fat acid, ω -6 and ω -3 plays an important role in membrane structure, while be also the precursor of class icosane (peanut acids),
And effect of the class icosane to smooth muscle cell, platelet aggregation, blood vessel parameter, inflammation and immune system is very big, therefore
Keep ω -6 and ω -3 balance most important in the diet.Put somebody on a diet middle ω -6 and ω -3 on this FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
Ratio should be 5：1 or 10：1.As shown in Table 2, using the present invention provide cultivation matrix plantation mushroom in ω -6 with
ω -3 ratio is golden ratio, is 5.1:1-5.5:1, meet food security regulation, while more suitable absorption of human body.
It should be noted that embodiment described above of the present invention can only all be considered the description of the invention, and it can not limit
System the present invention, claims indicate the scope of the present invention, and embodiment does not point out the scope of the present invention, therefore, with
Any change in claims of the present invention suitable implication and scope, is all considered as being included in the model of claims
In enclosing.
Claims (5)
1. mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including following component：
25~38 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 35~53 parts of weed tree sawdusts, 16~20 parts of wheat bran, 0.8~1.2 part of plaster of paris, 0.8~
1.2 portions of sucrose.
2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：The numb seed shell of 3~8 parts of industrial hemps.
3. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including as follows
Component：
30 portions of industrial hemp cane bits, 48 portions of wood chips, 20 portions of wheat bran, 1.2 portions of plaster of paris, 0.8 portion of sucrose.
4. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that raw materials by weight portion is calculated, including as follows
Component：
The numb seed shells of 5 parts of industrial hemps, 36 parts of industrial hemp canes bits, 38 parts of wood chips, 19 parts of wheat bran, 1.2 parts of plaster of paris, 0.8 part
Sucrose.
5. according to any described mushroom cultivation substrates of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that the cultivation matrix is fabricated to cultivation
After rod, the water content of cultivation matrix is 55%~70% in cultivation rod, and pH value is natural.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410513563.0A CN104311256B (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate made of industrial hemp |
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| CN201410513563.0A CN104311256B (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2014-09-29 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate made of industrial hemp |
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| CN104311256B true CN104311256B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105948958B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-11-14 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation matrix and preparation method and application |
| CN106278466B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-09-19 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A tea tree mushroom cultivation substrate and its preparation and cultivation method |
| CN107628885A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-26 | 酒泉百山农业开发有限公司 | method for cultivating mushroom |
| CN110122173A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-16 | 云南绿新生物药业有限公司 | A method of hickory chick is planted using industrial hemp processing waste and hemp plantation soil |
| CN113229103A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-10 | 黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院 | Seedbed soil for rice seedling raising and seedling raising method thereof |
| CN114793757B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-11-14 | 漳州市农业科学研究所 | Method for cultivating edible fungi by using long-fruit jute seeds |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1249129A (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2000-04-05 | 刘永昶 | Method for cultivating mushroom in north protected area |
| CN101147449A (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2008-03-26 | 宜昌森源食用菌有限责任公司 | Low altitude mushroom cultivating method in irregular season |
| CN102603403A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 福建农林大学 | Mushroom cultivation substrate |
| CN103224426B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-12-10 | 邬金飞 | Novel method for preparing black fungus mushroom branched wood cultivars |
| CN103524231A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽徽王食品有限公司 | Mushroom cultivation material adopting cotton stalk crumbs as raw materials, and preparation method of mushroom cultivation material |
| CN103936515A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 朱汉学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium made of cottonseed hulls and pigeon manure |
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