CN104297790B - Quantitative evaluation method for offset distribution in fluctuating submarine earthquake observation system - Google Patents
Quantitative evaluation method for offset distribution in fluctuating submarine earthquake observation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an quantitative evaluation method for offset distribution in a fluctuating submarine earthquake observation system. The method includes the following steps that the three-dimensional coordinate information of all shot points and receiver points in the earthquake observation system under a fluctuating submarine topography is given, and the three-dimensional coordinate information specifically includes the three-dimensional space coordinates of the shot points, the three-dimensional space coordinates of the receiver points and the corresponding relation between the shot points and the receiver points; all the shot points and all the receiver points which belong to the same surface element are found according to the X coordinate and the Y coordinate of each offset centering point; the heterogeneity coefficient of the offset distribution corresponding to a certain surface element under the condition of the fluctuating submarine topography is calculated; for all the surface elements on a target layer, the heterogeneity coefficient of the offset distribution corresponding to each surface element is calculated; a heterogeneity coefficient distribution graph of the offset distribution of the target layer is drawn through the heterogeneity coefficients, obtained through calculation, of the offset distribution, and it shows that the darker the color is, the larger the heterogeneity of the offset distribution of the corresponding surface element is.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil seismic exploration stereo observing system optimization design field, especially with regard to a kind of fluctuating seabed
The quantitative evaluating method of geophone offset distribution in seismic observation system.
Background technology
Ocean is maximum petroleum resources treasure-house on the earth, continuous with scientific and technical development and national life level
Improve, people are increasing to the demand of the energy, and simultaneously by land under the situation of petroleum resources increasingly minimizing, the mankind are to ocean
Dependence just higher, so developing Marine oil and gas resource is to solve one of fundamental way that the energy is taken over.China sea water front
Total length is about more than 18000 kilometer, about 3,000,000 square kilometres of the seas under its jurisdiction area of 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone.China coastal seas accumulate
Hide abundant petroleum resources, measure according to the whole nation secondary generaI investigation petroleum resources and calculate, the only petroleum resources petrochina in China coastal seas domain
Respectively reach 245.6 hundred million tons and 43 tcms with natural gas, there is great hydrocarbon exploration potential.
For seabed, to the target of a few km depths, method of seismic prospecting is to find stone at present both at home and abroad to hundreds of rice
Oil, the main method of natural gas.Nowadays marine 3D seismic data acquisition method develops rapidly, on the one hand, Modern seismic
The number of cables that exploration ship is dragged is increasing sharply；On the other hand, due to the complexity of marine ground investigation condition and seabed
And particularity, marine seismic prospectiong method also there is a problem of on many theory- method-technologies.Due to sea-floor relief earthquake bar
Part and subsurface geology condition are all very complicated, and seismic exploration equipment and seismic exploration technique are had high demands, therefore many routines
Seismic exploration technique cannot be suitable for.Over nearly more than 20 years, the seismic prospecting equipment adapting to complicated sea-floor relief is constantly succeeded in developing, ground
Ball physical technique and computing technique also constantly improve, and this has promoted developing rapidly of seismic exploration technique under complicated sea-floor relief,
Discovery for offshore oil and gas field played an important role.The 3D seismic data collection of Complex Sea bottom is the basis of seismic prospecting,
The quality of field acquisition data directly influences exploration effects, and the Exact Design of acquisition parameter is data collection successfully closes
Key.Nowadays under Complex Sea, 3D seismic data collection method for designing develops rapidly.On the one hand, the shake of Modern seismic exploration
Source and receptor quantity are increasing sharply, but then, due to seismic survey work condition and sea-floor relief under Complex Sea
Complexity and particularity, existing based on method of seismic prospecting under the conditions of horizontal sea-floor relief also exist many theoretical methods and
Technical problem.
Under the conditions of marine fluctuating sea-floor relief as shown in Figure 1, the shot point of seismic prospecting and geophone station have significantly
Elevation difference, in turn results in the irregular geophone offset distribution of seismic observation system.Being randomly distributed not of this geophone offset
The distribution characteristicss of shake observation system itself cause, but illusion caused by fluctuating sea-floor relief, geophone offset irregular
Distribution directly affects the effect of latter earthquake imaging.However, lack in prior art seeing to 3-D seismics under fluctuating sea-floor relief
The proper method that the distribution of examining system geophone offset is effectively assessed.
Content of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide geophone offset distribution in a kind of fluctuating Submarine seismic observation system
Quantitative evaluating method, the method can overcome cannot in seismic observation system geophone offset analytical technology under existing fluctuating sea-floor relief
The defect of the qualitative assessment Complex Sea bottom influence of topography, obtains the Appreciation gist of geophone offset distribution such that it is able to help by the method
Help the seismic observation system selecting more suitable for this fluctuating sea-floor relief, for improving earthquake-capturing data under fluctuating sea-floor relief
Fidelity provides safeguard.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes a kind of technical scheme below: big gun inspection in fluctuating Submarine seismic observation system
Away from the quantitative evaluating method of distribution, it comprises the following steps: 1) gives all big guns in seismic observation system under fluctuating sea-floor relief
Point and geophone station three-dimensional coordinate information, its specifically include the three dimensional space coordinate of shot point, geophone station three dimensional space coordinate with
And the corresponding relation between shot point and geophone station；2) x coordinate according to each midpoint of the gun inspection and y-coordinate, find out and belong to the same face
All shot points of unit and geophone station；3) according to the shot point in certain bin and geophone station, should under the conditions of calculating fluctuating sea-floor relief
The heterogeneity coefficient of the geophone offset distribution corresponding to bin；4) for all bins of a certain target zone, adopt and step 3)
Identical method calculates the heterogeneity coefficient of the geophone offset distribution corresponding to each bin respectively；5) utilize calculated big gun
The heterogeneity coefficient away from distribution for the inspection draws the heterogeneity index profile of this target zone geophone offset distribution, and wherein color is deeper
Part represent that the heterogeneity of the distribution of geophone offset at this bin is bigger.
Described step 2) in, the process finding out all shot points and geophone station belonging to same bin is: if a big gun inspection
The x coordinate of alignment and y-coordinate are located in certain bin, then the inspection of this big gun to three-dimensional coordinate information belong to this bin.
Described step 3) in, under the conditions of calculating fluctuating sea-floor relief, the geophone offset distribution corresponding to certain bin is non-homogeneous
Property coefficient, comprising: first, by shot point in the corresponding point on fluctuating seabed with regard between the mirror point of target zone and geophone station
Distance as the geophone offset under fluctuating sea-floor relief, the then geophone offset under fluctuating sea-floor relief is:
In formula, (xs,ys,zs) for corresponding point on fluctuating seabed for the shot point three-dimensional coordinate, (xs,ys,z's) exist for shot point
Corresponding point on fluctuating seabed are with regard to the mirror point of target zone, (xr,yr,zr) for geophone station three-dimensional coordinate；Secondly, according to formula
(1) it is calculated the geophone offset r corresponding to certain bin1,r2,…rn；Finally, the geophone offset r according to corresponding to certain bin1,
r2,…rn, the heterogeneity coefficient being calculated the distribution of the geophone offset corresponding to this bin is:
In formula, c represents the heterogeneity of geophone offset distribution at this bin, and c value is less to represent that geophone offset distribution is more uniform.
Due to taking above technical scheme, it has the advantage that the present invention due to by fluctuating sea-floor relief to the present invention
Under geophone offset formula be calculated geophone offset corresponding to certain bin, and the geophone offset according to corresponding to this bin calculates
The heterogeneity coefficient of the geophone offset distribution corresponding to this bin, and then obtain the inspection of all bins of a certain target zone corresponding big gun
Away from the heterogeneity coefficient of distribution, draw scattergram, the therefore present invention can overcome seismological observation under existing fluctuating sea-floor relief
In system geophone offset analytical technology cannot the qualitative assessment Complex Sea bottom influence of topography defect, geophone offset is obtained by the method and divides
The Appreciation gist of cloth, such that it is able to help select the seismic observation system more suitable for this fluctuating sea-floor relief, rises and falls for improving
Under sea-floor relief, the fidelity of earthquake-capturing data provides safeguard.Based on above advantage, the present invention can be widely applied to big gun inspection
In assessment away from distribution.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of fluctuating sea-floor relief；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of quantitative evaluating method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of geophone offset distribution under the conditions of fluctuating sea-floor relief；
Fig. 4 is geophone offset scattergram in seismic observation system under the fluctuating sea-floor relief being obtained using the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 2 in fluctuating Submarine seismic observation system of the present invention geophone offset distribution quantitative evaluating method include with
Lower step:
1) give the three-dimensional coordinate information of all shot points and geophone station in seismic observation system under fluctuating sea-floor relief, its tool
Body includes the corresponding relation between the three dimensional space coordinate of shot point, the three dimensional space coordinate of geophone station and shot point and geophone station.
2) x coordinate according to each midpoint of the gun inspection and y-coordinate, finds out all shot points belonging to same bin and geophone station；
Its detailed process is: if the x coordinate of a midpoint of the gun inspection and y-coordinate are located in certain bin, the inspection of this big gun to three-dimensional
Coordinate information belongs to this bin.
3) according to the shot point in certain bin and geophone station, the big gun corresponding to this bin under the conditions of calculating fluctuating sea-floor relief
The heterogeneity coefficient away from distribution for the inspection；
In order to peel off the impact of underground medium factor, independent analysis fluctuating sea-floor relief is harmonious to bin amplitude energy
Impact, underground medium situation is simplified it is assumed that underground medium be uniform dielectric, that is, medium velocity be a steady state value, and
And only consider the situation of horizontal purpose of horizon.
First, as shown in figure 3, under the conditions of fluctuating sea-floor relief seismic wave propagate in the direction of the arrow, by shot point rise and fall sea
Corresponding point on bottom with regard to target zone the distance between mirror point and geophone station as the geophone offset under fluctuating sea-floor relief, then
Geophone offset under fluctuating sea-floor relief is:
In formula, (xs,ys,zs) for corresponding point on fluctuating seabed for the shot point three-dimensional coordinate, (xs,ys,z's) exist for shot point
Corresponding point on fluctuating seabed are with regard to the mirror point of target zone, (xr,yr,zr) for geophone station three-dimensional coordinate.
Secondly, it is calculated the geophone offset r corresponding to certain bin according to formula (1)1,r2,…rn.
Finally, the geophone offset r according to corresponding to certain bin1,r2,…rn, it is calculated the geophone offset corresponding to this bin
The heterogeneity coefficient of distribution is:
In formula, c represents the heterogeneity of geophone offset distribution at this bin, and c value is less to represent that geophone offset distribution is more uniform.
4) for all bins of a certain target zone, using and step 3) to calculate each bin institute respectively right for identical method
The heterogeneity coefficient of the geophone offset distribution answered.
5) as shown in figure 4, drawing this target zone geophone offset using the heterogeneity coefficient of calculated geophone offset distribution
The heterogeneity index profile of distribution.In the heterogeneity index profile of geophone offset distribution, the deeper part of color represents
At this bin, the heterogeneity of geophone offset distribution is bigger.
By the quantitative analyses to 3 D seismic observation system geophone offset distribution under fluctuating sea-floor relief, obtain representing big gun inspection
Away from heteropical concrete numerical value of distribution, and the foundation as evaluation geophone offset distribution, quantitative analyses fluctuating seabed ground
The impact to seismic observation system for the shape, thus help select the seismic observation system more suitable for this fluctuating sea-floor relief, for carrying
Under high fluctuating sea-floor relief, the fidelity of earthquake-capturing data provides safeguard.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, and the structure of wherein each part, connected mode and method and step etc. are all
Can be varied from, every equivalents carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not exclude
Outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the quantitative evaluating method that in a kind of fluctuating Submarine seismic observation system, geophone offset is distributed, it comprises the following steps:
1) give the three-dimensional coordinate information of all shot points and geophone station in seismic observation system under fluctuating sea-floor relief, it specifically wraps
Include the corresponding relation between the three dimensional space coordinate of shot point, the three dimensional space coordinate of geophone station and shot point and geophone station；
2) x coordinate according to each midpoint of the gun inspection and y-coordinate, finds out all shot points belonging to same bin and geophone station；
3) according to the shot point in certain bin and geophone station, the geophone offset corresponding to this bin under the conditions of calculating fluctuating sea-floor relief
The heterogeneity coefficient of distribution；
The heterogeneity coefficient of the geophone offset distribution corresponding to certain bin under the conditions of calculating fluctuating sea-floor relief, comprising:
First, using corresponding point on fluctuating seabed for the shot point with regard to target zone the distance between mirror point and geophone station as
Lie prostrate the geophone offset under sea-floor relief, then the geophone offset under fluctuating sea-floor relief is:
In formula, (xs,ys,zs) for corresponding point on fluctuating seabed for the shot point three-dimensional coordinate, (xs,ys,z's) rising and falling for shot point
Corresponding point on seabed are with regard to the mirror point of target zone, (xr,yr,zr) for geophone station three-dimensional coordinate；
Secondly, it is calculated the geophone offset r corresponding to certain bin according to formula (1)1,r2,…rn；
Finally, the geophone offset r according to corresponding to certain bin1,r2,…rn, it is calculated the geophone offset distribution corresponding to this bin
Heterogeneity coefficient be:
In formula, c represents the heterogeneity of geophone offset distribution at this bin, and c value is less to represent that geophone offset distribution is more uniform；
4) for all bins of a certain target zone, using and step 3) identical method calculates corresponding to each bin respectively
The heterogeneity coefficient of geophone offset distribution；
5) heterogeneity of this target zone geophone offset distribution is drawn using the heterogeneity coefficient of calculated geophone offset distribution
The deeper part of index profile, wherein color represents that the heterogeneity of geophone offset distribution at this bin is bigger.
2. the quantitative evaluating method that in a kind of fluctuating Submarine seismic observation system, geophone offset is distributed as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterised by: described step 2) in, the process finding out all shot points and geophone station belonging to same bin is: if a big gun inspection
The x coordinate of alignment and y-coordinate are located in certain bin, then the inspection of this big gun to three-dimensional coordinate information belong to this bin.
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| CN107219550B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-03-29 | 广州威拓电子科技有限公司 | A kind of data acquisition extracting method of IMF-OBS |
| CN111489410B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for drawing shot point data of observation system |
| CN112444843B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-06-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Adjustment method of observation system |
| CN110579799B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Seismic acquisition observation method and system with equal travel time intervals |
| CN113109864B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2023-07-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for changing shot point of seismic exploration |
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee after: CNOOC research institute limited liability company Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Co-patentee after: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee before: CNOOC Research Institute Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Co-patentee before: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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Effective date of registration: 20191210 Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee after: CNOOC research institute limited liability company Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee before: CNOOC research institute limited liability company Patentee before: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Co-patentee before: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |