CN104247621A - Culturing and transplanting method for magnolia denudata - Google Patents
Culturing and transplanting method for magnolia denudata Download PDFInfo
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- CN104247621A CN104247621A CN201310263615.9A CN201310263615A CN104247621A CN 104247621 A CN104247621 A CN 104247621A CN 201310263615 A CN201310263615 A CN 201310263615A CN 104247621 A CN104247621 A CN 104247621A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culturing and transplanting method for magnolia denudata. The method comprises the following steps of step I, breeding of small magnolia denudata seedlings: picking mature magnolia denudata fruits, and storing in wet sand at low temperature after soaking, cleaning, and drying in the shade; performing furrow dividing at first during sowing, wherein the depth of each furrow is the depth sum of two seeds; then placing the seeds in the furrows, timely covering with a soil layer after sowing, covering with a thinner layer of straw and keeping a seedbed at a humid state, wherein the depth of the soil layer is about that of one seed; step II, seedling management: performing seedling thinning, seedling replenishing and seedling fixing when the seedlings grow to be flush and grow two leaves, monthly applying decomposed organic fertilizer or thin urea and timely well doing works such as pest prevention and control; step III, transplanting of large magnolia denudata seedlings. According to the culturing and transplanting method for the magnolia denudata, the germination rate and the survival rate in the transplanting and growing processes of the magnolia denudata are effectively improved by scientific planting and transplanting process and reasonable curing treatment, the culturing period is scientifically reasonably shortened, and the planting benefits of the magnolia denudata are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to garden afforestation technology field, relate to trees and cultivate, the cultivation transplanting method of especially a kind of yulan.
Background technology
Yulan another name yulan magnolia, Magnolia binodii, mangnolia, Magnoliaceae deciduous tree, ornamental plants in garden.Yulan is the good anti-pollution green tree species in atmospheric pollution area.Mangnolia profile pole is as lotus flower, and time in full bloom, petal exhibition, to four directions, for garden increases some brilliance, has very high ornamental value; Add delicate fragrance a burst of, refreshing, the real desirable flowers for beautifying the yard.Yulan happiness light, slightly resistance to the moon, the cold resistance that tool is stronger.Fit and be born in the deep subacidity of soil layer or neutral soil, not Salt And Alkali Tolerance, undergrowth during soil depletion, fear flood is avoided wet.Stronger resistance is had to toxic gases such as sulphur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen fluoride.Life-span is long, can reach more than thousand.
The propagation method of yulan has the method breedings such as sowing, cuttage, press strip and grafting.Because the cuttage of yulan, press strip and propagation by grafiting survival rate are low, above adopt seed propagation so produce more.Yulan seed is heart-shaped or irregular polyhedrons shape, is about 9 millimeters, and wide about 6 millimeters, seed coat can be divided into three layers from outside to inside, and outermost is keratin layer, in cerise or pink, very smooth, is commonly referred to arillus.Intermediate layer meat, milky, hand touch have greasy feeling, innermost layer is a hard secundine, yellowish-brown during prematurity, complete ripe time be then aterrimus, glossy.Also in dark brown during some seed full maturitys, its quality is just slightly poorer.Red exosper and the mesosperm of oil-containing meat are all in order to attract insect and birds, and be beneficial to distribution and the sprouting of seed, hard secundine can protect immature life to exempt from injury before sprouting.The thousand kernel weight of seed about 146 grams.The planting percent of seed is generally about 30%, and the sowing survival rate how improving yulan is the problem needing at present to solve.
Through retrieval, find one section of patent document close with this patent content, publication number is CN102972164A, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu, the method comprises pretreatment to seed and sowing, nursery, transplants, this few part of field management, the method can improve the planting percent of this Y biondii(Pamp)D.L.Fu, and break the seed dormancy phase, thus transplanting time is shifted to an earlier date, reach the effect shortening cultivation period.
By contrast, above-mentioned patent publication us and present patent application have relatively big difference in technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the cultivation transplanting method of a kind of yulan, the method improves the survival rate in the germination rate of yulan, transplanting and process of growth, and science, reasonable, cost-saving, improves the benefit of yulan plantation.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A cultivation transplanting method for yulan, comprises the steps:
Step one, yulan seedling are bred
The yulan fruit of harvesting ripe, through soaking, cleaning, dry in the shade, Low Temperature Wet sand storage; First draw ditch during sowing, trench depth is two seeds; Be placed in ditch by seed again, be as the criterion with not overlapping between seed, broadcast rear timely covering one deck soil, thickness is about a seed, and covers the straw of layer, keeps thereafter seedbed to be in dampness.
Step 2, seedling management
Thinning can be carried out when growing to 2 cotyledons after nursery stock all sprouts, fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling, monthly execute the fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed or dilute urea is fertile, and carry out the work such as the extermination of disease and insect pest in time.
The transplanting of step 3, yulan seedlings
Dug planting hole in advance, the diameter 30-50cm larger than its root soil ball of planting hole, depth ratio soil ball height reaches 20-30cm; First fill out bottom planting hole and put suitable original soil, hung in by seedlings in planting hole and hold up directly, remove packaging bag, layered backfill is also treaded.
And add the sodium hydroxide of 3-5% in described step one in the clear water soaked, seed soak time is no more than 50 hours, loads gunnysack and tightens sack, ceaselessly trample with pin from water after taking out seed, rinses with water simultaneously.
And, the face, seedbed in described step one covers layer of plastic film.
And pest control method is described in described step 2: with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 2-3 time altogether.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
The cultivation transplanting method of the yulan that the present invention adopts, by the cultivation of science, transplant flow process and reasonably maintenance process, effectively improve the survival rate of the germination rate of yulan, transplanting and process of growth, and science, rationally, shorten cultivation period, effectively improve the benefit of yulan plantation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are descriptive, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
A cultivation transplanting method for yulan, comprises the steps:
Step one, yulan seedling are bred
(1) seed collection is modulated with kind is real
1, seed collection
Plant seed be all often physiological ripening front, morphological maturity rear, therefore in the sclerosis of yulan Ju He Follicle radish fruit pericarp, turns red, slightly cracking can collect seed when exposing red arillus.Generally start the then August 22 morning time of collecting seed, evening is on August about 29 only, gathers complete before September 20.When too early gathering, seed prematurity affect germination rate, too late Ju He Follicle radish really instant of complete cracking seed will not easily have collected by self falling, and easily by rat eaten.
2, real modulation is planted
Should make thinner under the sun immediately after Fruit gets off and be exposed to the sun, its pericarp can ftracture voluntarily, can take out reddish seed (being commonly called as red pieces).Attention should often be stirred, and can prevent the too high seed that can impel again of temperature from deviating from.If now pericarp makes moist and will no longer ftracture, therefore need to take shelter from rain, and this season day and night the temperature difference have dew more greatly, therefore fruit should be moved into indoor in night.The seed of having thrown off can be sifted out with sieve in passing in moving process.Whole process need several days.
(1), the seed that is about to deviate from of soaking seed is immersed in the water, and now the seed of those full seeds can sink under water, and empty flat grain and the leaf mixed, spray and other fragments are then kept afloat, and can remove easily.The time of seed soaking is 1-2 days, may not exceed 50 hours, also should often stir therebetween.The acceleration that the sodium hydroxide adding 3-5% contributes to arillus is softened, to facilitate cleaning.
, clean from water, take out seed after load gunnysack and tighten sack, ceaselessly trample (being similar to salted vegetables) with pin, rinse with water simultaneously.Take out after about 20-30 minute and put into bamboo basket elutriation, that washes is more clean better, in case mouldy when storing in the future.
(3), dry in the shade that being then placed in plaque makes thinner dries in the shade, about 7500 grams, every square metre of stand, The faster the better for the process of drying in the shade.Weather as higher in humidity can blow to the surface of the seed dry with electric fan, simultaneously dynamic once with handspring every half an hour.Notice that now seed never can directly be placed in sun straight shot places otherwise will all lose vigor.Normal seed be buff to black, pale yellow and white seed should be sorted out.If any obvious white point, non-wash clean is described in hilarregion, easily causes in the future and go mouldy, need again clean.
3, store
Substantially dry after seed dries in the shade 20 days, can continue to be placed in plaque, also can load sack, but sack should not be tightened, in order to ventilative.Can store to when less than 5 degree until daily mean temperature.Yulan seed should adopt Low Temperature Wet sand to hide, and impels coming year seed sprouting neat with simulating natural environment.Husky available common river sand, cleans up.Humidity is pinched agglomerating one with one and is rubbed both loose being advisable with the hands.Be stacked at indoor with the husky one deck seed of one deck, every layer of husky thickness is 2-3cm.To note during storage keeping humidity.Advise changing once husky every 15-20 days, and sort out and seed coat has water to adhere the seed of more grit.These seeds often rot, and can have influence on other seeds.The quality of storage directly has influence on germination rate, must careful attention.
(2) sow
First draw ditch during sowing, trench depth is 2 seeds, must guard against the degree of depth excessively dark, in order to avoid have an impact to the germination of seed; Be placed in ditch by seed again, be as the criterion with not overlapping between seed, broadcast rear timely covering 1 layer of soil, thickness is about 1 seed, and covers 1 layer of thinner straw, keeps thereafter seedbed to be in dampness.As seed need be impelled to emerge in advance, 1 layer of plastic film can be covered on bed surface, seed can be made to shift to an earlier date and within about 15 days, emerge.
Step 2, seedling management
Thinning can be carried out when growing to 2 cotyledons after nursery stock all sprouts, fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling, about spacing in the rows 20cm, removes sick and weak seedling.And strengthen water and fertilizer management work, in case there is water logging and fertilizer damage in nursery stock.During seedling growth, in nutriment in a fertilizer management, the principle that thin fertile duty is executed should be grasped, monthly can execute the fertilizer fully become thoroughly decomposed or dilute urea fertilizer.Meanwhile, also should carry out the work such as control of the preventing and kill off of crop smothering, damage by disease and insect in time, available 25% metalaxyl wetting powder 800 times of liquid, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 2-3 time altogether.
In the season of growth, nursery stock base portion easily sprouts branch, remove in time, to reduce nutrient consumption.First Year after cultivation, erases the rudiment in the height of Miao Gan bottom 1/3rd.Before Second Year nursery stock in spring germinates, suitably removing bottom branch, all suitably removes section bottom branch every year later, makes trunk keep the height of about 1.5 meters.Within 3rd year, meter Jing can be cultivated and reach 5 cm, the large standard high quality strong sprout of crown diameter 1.5 meters.
Expand seeding row spacing.If also need to cultivate more large nursery stocks further, the 4th year spring, all go out garden in every line, remaining rows went out garden every a strain again, made seeding row spacing become 2.4 × 3 meters or 3 × 3 meters, every mu of 93 strains or 74 strains.The high-quality seedlings that meter Jing reaches 6-8 centimetre can be grown up to Qiu Mo.
The transplanting of step 3, yulan seedlings
Dug planting hole in advance, the diameter 30-50cm larger than its root soil ball of planting hole, depth ratio soil ball height reaches 20-30cm; First fill out bottom planting hole and put suitable original soil, hung in by seedlings in planting hole and hold up directly, remove packaging bag, layered backfill is also treaded.
Then fix supporting to seedlings seat, object causes tree body crooked after preventing watering normal root water.Seedlings will water in time after transplanting and drench normal root water, and normal root water will drench foot drenches, the saturating sufficient moisture of soil making whole native ball and plant in plant hole.
After plantation, drench a water general every day, after trickle amount inserted planting hole extraction with second day with waddy, anhydrous mark is advisable.
Cultivation result is as follows:
After planting seed, emergence rate reaches more than 80%, and seed can be made to shift to an earlier date 15 days emerge, and after emerging latter 1 year, average height of seedling reaches 110cm, and transplanting survival rate reaches 95%, and plant mean stand height after 3 years and reach 2.8m, the 4th year had the yulan of more than 75% to yield positive results.
It is emphasized that; embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; instead of it is determinate; therefore the present invention includes the embodiment be not limited to described in embodiment; every other embodiments drawn by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of the invention equally.
Claims (4)
1. a cultivation transplanting method for yulan, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, yulan seedling are bred
The yulan fruit of harvesting ripe, through soaking, cleaning, dry in the shade, Low Temperature Wet sand storage; First draw ditch during sowing, trench depth is two seeds; Be placed in ditch by seed again, be as the criterion with not overlapping between seed, broadcast rear timely covering one deck soil, thickness is about a seed, and covers the straw of layer, keeps thereafter seedbed to be in dampness.
Step 2, seedling management
Thinning can be carried out when growing to 2 cotyledons after nursery stock all sprouts, fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling, monthly execute the fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed or dilute urea is fertile, and carry out the work such as the extermination of disease and insect pest in time.
The transplanting of step 3, yulan seedlings
Dug planting hole in advance, the diameter 30-50 centimetre larger than its root soil ball of planting hole, depth ratio soil ball height reaches 20-30 centimetre; First fill out bottom planting hole and put suitable original soil, hung in by seedlings in planting hole and hold up directly, remove packaging bag, layered backfill is also treaded.
2. the cultivation transplanting method of yulan according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sodium hydroxide adding 3-5% in described step one in the clear water soaked, seed soak time is no more than 50 hours, load gunnysack take out seed from water after and tighten sack, ceaselessly trample with pin, rinse with water simultaneously.
3. the cultivation transplanting method of yulan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the face, seedbed in described step one covers layer of plastic film.
4. the cultivation transplanting method of yulan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in described step 2, pest control method is: with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder, 800 times of liquid, every spray in 7-10 days once, sprays 2-3 time altogether.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104798588A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-29 | 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 | Propagation method for yulan seeds |
| CN105638220A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-06-08 | 叶鸿钊 | Cutting propagation method for magnolia soulangeana |
| CN106665248A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-17 | 孙立成 | Planting method for preventing southern magnolia lodging |
| CN107125031A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-05 | 孔翠云 | A kind of white orchid bud connects breeding method |
| CN107155579A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 梁钟 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Flos micheliae Albae |
| CN108124630A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-08 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of method using uniconazole P bush type culture Magnolia wufengensis |
-
2013
- 2013-06-27 CN CN201310263615.9A patent/CN104247621A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104798588A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-29 | 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 | Propagation method for yulan seeds |
| CN105638220A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-06-08 | 叶鸿钊 | Cutting propagation method for magnolia soulangeana |
| CN106665248A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-17 | 孙立成 | Planting method for preventing southern magnolia lodging |
| CN107125031A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-05 | 孔翠云 | A kind of white orchid bud connects breeding method |
| CN107155579A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 梁钟 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Flos micheliae Albae |
| CN108124630A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-08 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of method using uniconazole P bush type culture Magnolia wufengensis |
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Application publication date: 20141231 |