CN104234677B - Method for improving condensate recovery ratio of condensate gas reservoir through gas injection vertical displacement - Google Patents
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Abstract
A gas injection vertical displacement method for improving condensate recovery ratio of a condensate gas reservoir belongs to the technical field of condensate gas field development; according to gas injection physical model experiments and production practice, when the density ratio of the preferred injected gas to the gas reservoir fluid is less than 0.75 under the stratum condition, the gravity differentiation phenomenon is obvious, and accordingly, the proper injected gas is selected; determining the position, perforation section, well type and well spacing of an injection and production well by adopting an injected gas infinitesimal body motion mechanical analysis method so as to better form an artificial gas cap in the gas injection process; determining the critical gas yield for preventing the gas-oil ratio from rising due to the injection gas coning according to a critical yield correction formula; the method can enable the injected gas to form an artificial gas cap at the high part of the structure and vertically displace the condensate gas downwards, so that the sweep coefficient of the injected gas is close to 100 percent, and the utilization rate of the injected gas and the final recovery ratio of the condensate oil can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vertical displacement of gas injection and improve gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, belong to gas condensate field and open
Send out technical field.
Background technology
Nineteen thirties colonial exploitation gas condensate reservoir, initial stage employing blowdown, the forties is progressively
Explore and implement gas injecting mining；The production ratio U.S. of China's gas condensate reservoir is late more than 40 year, starts at eighties of last century early seventies
Starting is just started after finding the gas condensate reservoirs such as anise field, Sichuan, huge port slab bridge, Liaoning Panjin, Xinjiang Ke Keya, tooth Kazakhstan successively；Just
Phase gas condensate field the most all uses blowdown；Use during blowdown in gas condensate field, strata pressure gradually under
Fall, when strata pressure is down to below dew-point pressure, reservoir fluid will occur retrograde condensation, separates out a large amount of condensate；Due to analysis
The condensate gone out is difficult to be plucked out of the ground, therefore its condensate ultimate recovery ratio of gas condensate field of employing blowdown is relatively low,
Generally below 40%.
The Ty gas condensate field of large-scale gas condensate field such as Norway the most at home and abroad, the tooth of China are breathed out, Ke Keya condensate gas
Field all uses gas injecting mining, and wherein the effect of gas injection mainly has two, and first, supplement stratum energy, retentively stressor layer, reduce
The precipitation of retrograde condensed liquid；Second, when strata pressure has fallen to below dew-point pressure, gas injection can be evaporated counter for condensed liquid,
Become the more preferable gas phase of mobility, thus be easier to be plucked out of；Condensate recovery ratio can be improved to 50% by gas injecting mining
Left and right.
The gas condensate field using gas injecting mining all there is problems in that
1. in the gas condensate reservoir of current gas injecting mining, inject the gas sweep efficiency on stratum the highest, a large amount of injection gas mistakes
Early arrive producing well shaft bottom, cause gas-oil ratio too high, have impact on the utilization rate injecting gas；
2. injecting between gas and stratum condensate gas and there is bigger physical difference, current gas injecting mining mode does not accounts for
Difference in physical properties of fluids, does not more account for utilizing this difference to increase gas injection swept volume, makes injection gas play bigger work
With；
3. conventional gas injecting mining can improve condensate recovery ratio more than 10 percentage points than blowdown, but is injecting
Territory, gas bypassed area still has a large amount of condensate to remain in underground.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of vertical displacement of gas injection to improve gas condensate reservoir condensate and adopts
Yield method.
It is desirable to provide a kind of vertical displacement of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, it is possible to the most anti-
Only inject dry gas and early arrive at producing well shaft bottom, and physical difference and the reservoir formation injecting gas and stratum condensate gas can be utilized
Feature improves the sweep efficiency injecting gas, can improve the ultimate recovery of condensate to more than 70%.
A kind of vertical displacement of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, containing following steps；
According to gas injection physical model experiment and production reality, preferably inject gas and gas reservoir fluid density under formation conditions
More obvious than gravitational differentiation phenomenon during less than 0.75, select accordingly and suitably inject gas；Use and inject gas micro unit motoricity credit
Analysis method determines injection-production well position, perforated interval, well type and well spacing, in order to can preferably form artificial gas cap in gas injection process；
Determine according to critical output correction formula and prevent owing to injecting the critical gas production that gas coning causes gas-oil ratio to rise；The method energy
Injection gas is enough made to form artificial gas cap displacement condensate gas vertically downward in structure high-order bit so that the sweep efficiency of injection gas connects
Nearly 100%, it is remarkably improved utilization rate and the ultimate recovery of condensate injecting gas.
Carrying out dynamic analysis of motion to injecting gas micro unit, gravity suffered by micro unit is G, and buoyancy is FFloating, by its vertically to
Under the difference of buoyancy vertically upward that produces of gravity and fluid density contrast be defined as barometric gradient dp vertically upward1/dL1, the most micro-
Unit's body upward pressure gradient is:
Micro unit carries out particle process, then at micro unit, barometric gradient is:
Injecting gas micro unit pressure reduction in the horizontal direction is Δ p, pressure differential deltap p vertically upward '；Study the science in conjunction with seepage force
Opinion, just can obtain t inject gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction top offset:
To enable injection gas to form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top smoothly, need to meet when injecting gas micro unit water
Prosposition moves when reaching 1/2nd injector producer distances, its vertical direction top offset should not less than perforated interval top to reservoir top it
Between distance, make DPerforationRepresent the perforated interval top distance to structural high, i.e. need to meet to work as SLevel=0.5DNote is adoptedTime, SVertically≮DPerforation；
If straight well can not meet this condition, horizontal well gas-injection can be changed into, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction, with fall
The lateral pressure difference that low gas injection causes, reduces the horizontal movement speed injecting gas；So injection gas just can be enable well at gas
Hide structure top and form artificial gas cap；
After forming artificial gas cap, to when having the condensate gas reservoir injecting gas pneumatic jack, need to take into full account that top is injected
The flow performance of gas, rationally selects producing well perforating site and yield, thus prevents injecting gas coning and cause production gas-oil ratio liter
High；Utilize barometric gradient matching type to set up anti-injection gas pneumatic jack coning critical output and calculate correction formula；
The barometric gradient defining the injection gas bottom artificial gas cap and the density variation of condensate gas and produce is dp2/dL2；Order
dp2/dL2Equal to gas well with during certain yield production bottom pneumatic jack produced barometric gradient, it is assumed that inject bottom gas pneumatic jack with should
The distance at gas recovery well perforated interval top is D, can obtain preventing owing to injecting the critical gas production that gas coning causes gas-oil ratio to rise
QCritical；
Gas recovery well gas production need to be met less than Q during productionCritical；When the ratio of the critical gas production of straight well with open-flow capacity is less than 0.2
Time, with less than critical gas production produce cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability time, straight well is changed into horizontal well and produces, and make horizontal segment
Direction is vertical with injection-production well line direction so that when gas well is with identical yield production, produces less pressure drop in shaft bottom；
Above QCriticalCritical output, m3/d；
Distance between D perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high, m；
DPneumatic jack is thickInject the distance bottom gas pneumatic jack and between gas reservoir structural high, m；
hAlwaysInject gas and condensate gas gross thickness, m；
KVerticallyThe vertical permeability of condensate gas, D；
μInject gasInject the viscosity of gas, mPa s；
BInject gasInject the volume factor of gas, m3/m3；
reThe earial drainage radius of gas well, m；
rwThe well radius of gas well, m.
It is an advantage of the invention that the gravitational differentiation utilizing gas density difference to be formed, formed in reservoir high-order bit and inject gas
Pneumatic jack, realizes vertical displacement by injecting the expansion of gas pneumatic jack, and the method is remarkably improved utilization rate and the condensate injecting gas
Ultimate recovery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to detailed description below, it is possible to be more completely more fully understood that the present invention with
And easily learn the advantage that many of which is adjoint；But accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention,
Constitute the part of the present invention；The schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that this
Bright improper restriction, such as figure wherein:
Fig. 1 injects gas micro unit dynamic analysis of motion schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is for injecting dry gas migration rule schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is gas reservoir vertical depth and the vertical depth point above gas reservoir pore volume graph of relation of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that D well vertical depth and the MDT test gas-oil ratio of the present invention crosses figure；
Fig. 5 is producing well perforating site optimization figure.
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Obviously, those skilled in the art belong to the guarantor of the present invention based on the many modifications and variations that spirit of the invention is done
Protect scope.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of vertical displacement of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate
Recovery ratio method,
For the above three big problems using gas injecting mining gas condensate reservoir, it is provided that a kind of vertical displacement of gas injection improves condensate gas
Hide condensate recovery ratio method；The method can inject physical properties of fluids difference between gas and stratum condensate gas by Appropriate application, improves
Inject gas sweep efficiency in the earth formation and can effectively reduce the generation of has channeling, finally can significantly improve and inject gas utilization rate
And the ultimate recovery of condensate.
As a example by certain gas reservoir one injection-production well group Y, this injection-production well group has a bite gas injection well A well at present, and two mouthfuls of producing wells are respectively
It is positioned at B well and the C well of western 580m of its east 600m；Analyze and between gas injection well A well and gas recovery well B well, inject gas motion conditions, note
Gas well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is 47.1MPa, and gas recovery well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) is 43.3MPa；Artificial gas cap has been formed on its structure top at present,
A well to be closed, utilizes this technology that this injection-production well group is redesigned injection-production program, forms North and South direction one note one and adopts well group life
Produce；Studying according to gas reservoir engineering, this injection-production well group major parameter is as follows: ρInject gas=246.3kg/m3, ρCondensate gas=349.6kg/m3, KLevel
=183mD, KVertically=61mD, ZInject gas=1.26, ZCondensate gas=1.38, BInject gas=3.7368×10-3m3/ (marking) m3, BCondensate gas=3.4363×10-3m3/ (marking) m3, μInject gas=0.0156mPa s, μCondensate gas=0.0172mPa s, hAlways=50m, re=462m, rw=0.1m；
The dry gas micro unit taking a diameter of L is object of study, such as Fig. 1；Barometric gradient vertically upward suffered by it is:
T inject gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction displacement:
Need to meet and work as SLevel=0.5DNote is adoptedTime, SVertically≮DPerforation；The injector producer distance of A JingBJing is 600m, i.e. SLevel=0.5×600=
300m, then inject gas from gas injection well migration to time t=4 × 10 required for 1/2nd injector producer distances6S, within this time, note
Entering gas migration distance in the vertical is SVertically=0.4×10-5×4×106=16m, i.e. needs to ensure gas injection well perforated interval and gas reservoir structure
Make high point distance less than 16m.
In conjunction with this injection-production well group practical condition, determine to close gas injection well A well, arrange a gas production at A well Nan560mChu
Well D, arranges a gas injection well E at A well Bei520mChu；
According to Y injection-production well group geologic feature, calculate the gas reservoir pore volume of more than different vertical depth this vertical depth point corresponding, and
Set up the relation curve of the two, such as Fig. 3；
Calculate the accumulation injected gas volume 3.8 × 10 of gas injection well A well8m3, conversion to formation condition lower volume is:
Can find from Fig. 3, this value correspondence gas reservoir vertical depth is 4166.5m, i.e. district on height above sea level-4166.5m point
Territory is injection gas gas cap region；
In the drilling process of gas recovery well D well, carry out MDT sampling at reservoir different depth, obtained gas reservoir difference and hung down
Deep gas-oil ratio change curve, such as Fig. 4；
At vertical depth 4165m, fluid gas-oil ratio is 2805m3/m3, can determine whether that at this, fluid is rich in condensate, belong to rich gas；
Under vertical depth 4165m, gas-oil ratio is from 2805 m3/m3, it is gradually decrease to 1665 m3/m3, condensate content is with vertical depth increase
It is gradually increased；And on vertical depth 4165m, gas-oil ratio is rapidly increased to 95000 m3/m3；It is being only above 1.7m at 4165m
At 4166.7m, gas-oil ratio has reached 7000m3/m3, show as injecting the feature of gas, therefore may determine that this well vertical depth 4165m
There is a mixed zone to 4166.7m, inject gas pneumatic jack district on this mixed zone exactly, it injects gas pneumatic jack thickness DPneumatic jack is thick?
About 15m；
Determine barometric gradient dp injecting gas pneumatic jack interface injection gas and condensate gas density variation and produce2/dL2；
In order, value is equal to gas well to inject barometric gradient produced by gas pneumatic jack interface during certain yield production；This gas reservoir
Gas-bearing net pay 50m, injects gas pneumatic jack thickness 15m, then prevent critical gas production Q owing to injecting gas coningCriticalAs follows:
Change D value, corresponding Q can be obtainedCritical, gas recovery well gas production need to be met during production less than QCritical, such as Fig. 5；When directly
When the ratio of the critical gas production of well and open-flow capacity is less than 0.2, so that produce less than critical gas production cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability
Time, straight well is changed into horizontal well and produces, and make horizontal segment direction vertical with injection-production well line direction so that gas recovery well is with identical product
When amount produces, produce less pressure drop in shaft bottom.
Attached: when gas recovery well is horizontal well, solve corresponding critical gas production and have only to the supply radius r in above formulae
Change the equivalence supply radius r of horizontal welled?；Making horizontal well drive area to be S, horizontal section length is L, then have:
As it has been described above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but as long as essentially without departing from this
Bright inventive point and effect can have a lot of deformation, and this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art；Therefore, this
Within the variation of sample is also integrally incorporated in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the vertical displacement of gas injection improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, it is characterised in that containing following steps；
According to gas injection physical model experiment and production reality, suitably inject gas little with gas reservoir fluid density ratio under formation conditions
In 0.75 time, gravitational differentiation phenomenon is obvious, selectes accordingly and suitably injects gas；Use and inject gas micro unit dynamic analysis of motion side
Method determines injection-production well position, perforated interval, well type and well spacing, in order to can preferably form artificial gas cap in gas injection process；According to
Critical output correction formula determines the critical gas production preventing causing gas-oil ratio to rise due to injection gas coning, makes injection gas at structure
Make high-order bit and form artificial gas cap displacement condensate gas vertically downward so that inject the sweep efficiency of gas close to 100%, improve and note
Enter the utilization rate of gas and the ultimate recovery of condensate.
A kind of vertical displacement of gas injection the most according to claim 1 improves gas condensate reservoir condensate recovery ratio method, its feature
It is containing following steps；
Carrying out dynamic analysis of motion to injecting gas micro unit, gravity suffered by micro unit is G, and buoyancy is FFloating, by it vertically downward
Gravity is defined as barometric gradient dp vertically upward with the difference of the buoyancy vertically upward that fluid density contrast produces1/dL1, then micro unit
Upward pressure gradient is:
Micro unit carries out particle process, then at micro unit, barometric gradient is:
Injecting gas micro unit pressure reduction in the horizontal direction is Δ p, pressure differential deltap p vertically upward '；In conjunction with percolation hydraulic theory,
Just obtain t inject gas micro unit in the horizontal direction, vertical direction top offset:
To enable injection gas to form artificial gas cap at gas reservoir structure top smoothly, need to meet when injecting gas micro unit horizontal position
When shifting reaches 1/2nd injector producer distances, its vertical direction top offset is not less than between perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high
Distance, make DPerforationRepresent the distance between perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high, i.e. need to meet to work as SLevel=0.5DNote is adoptedTime,
SVertically≮DPerforation；If straight well can not meet this condition, change horizontal well gas-injection into, and make horizontal segment direction hang down with injection-production well line direction
Directly, to reduce the lateral pressure difference that gas injection causes, reduce the horizontal movement speed injecting gas；So just enable injection gas well
Artificial gas cap is formed at gas reservoir structure top；
After forming artificial gas cap, to when having the condensate gas reservoir injecting gas pneumatic jack, need to take into full account that gas is injected at top
Flow performance, rationally selects producing well perforating site and yield, thus prevents injecting gas coning and cause production gas-oil ratio to raise；Profit
Set up critical output by barometric gradient matching type and calculate correction formula；
The barometric gradient defining the injection gas bottom artificial gas cap and the density variation of condensate gas and produce is dp2/dL2, make dp2/
dL2Equal to gas well with during certain yield production bottom pneumatic jack produced barometric gradient, it is assumed that inject bottom gas pneumatic jack with described
The distance at gas well perforated interval top is D, obtains the critical gas production preventing in turn resulting in gas-oil ratio rising owing to injecting gas coning
QCritical；
Gas recovery well gas production need to be met less than Q during productionCritical；When the ratio of the critical gas production of straight well with open-flow capacity is less than 0.2,
With less than critical gas production produce cannot Appropriate application gas well deliverability time, straight well is changed into horizontal well and produces, and make horizontal segment side
To vertical with injection-production well line direction so that when gas recovery well is with identical yield production, produce less pressure drop in shaft bottom；
Above QCriticalCritical output, m3/d；
DPerforationDistance between perforated interval top and gas reservoir structural high, m；
DPneumatic jack is thickInject the distance bottom gas pneumatic jack and between gas reservoir structural high, m；
DNote is adoptedInjector producer distance, m；
D injects the distance bottom gas pneumatic jack and between gas well perforated interval top, m；
hAlwaysInject gas and condensate gas gross thickness, m；
KVerticallyThe vertical permeability of condensate gas, D；
KDry gasThe permeability of dry gas, D；
μInject gasInject the viscosity of gas, mPa s；
μCondensate gasThe viscosity of condensate gas, mPa s；
BInject gasInject the volume factor of gas, m3/m3；
BCondensate gasThe volume factor of condensate gas, m3/m3；
reThe earial drainage radius of gas well, m；
rwThe well radius of gas well, m；
L injects the diameter of gas micro unit, m；
ρCondensate gasThe density of condensate gas, kg/m3；
ρInject gasInject the density of gas, kg/m3。
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| CN104563982B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2017-02-01 | 西南石油大学 | High-temperature high-pressure dry gas injection longitudinal wave and efficiency testing device and method for gas condensate reservoir |
| CN106499371A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving recovery ratio of condensate oil gas reservoir through single-well circulating gas injection |
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| CN107620587A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The control method of the vaporific retrograde condensation of gas condensate reservoir |
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| CN113250659B (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2023-05-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas injection experiment simulation method and device for improving displacement efficiency |
| CN113404486B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-12-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining movement speed of fluid interface of condensate gas cap oil reservoir |
| CN111472764B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2022-04-29 | 西南石油大学 | Method for calculating recovery rate of rich gas in rich gas flooding process |
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| CN115653554B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-07-19 | 西南石油大学 | Micro-flow control-based microscopic experiment method for gas injection to relieve reverse condensation injury |
| CN117077574B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-02-23 | 西安石油大学 | Quantitative characterization method and device for displacement mechanism of fracture-cavity oil reservoir model |
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| US5720350A (en) * | 1996-05-03 | 1998-02-24 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method for recovering oil from a gravity drainage formation |
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