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CN104218143A - BiAgSeTe-based thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

BiAgSeTe-based thermoelectric material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104218143A
CN104218143A CN201410411877.XA CN201410411877A CN104218143A CN 104218143 A CN104218143 A CN 104218143A CN 201410411877 A CN201410411877 A CN 201410411877A CN 104218143 A CN104218143 A CN 104218143A
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biagsete
thermoelectric
block
thermoelectric material
base thermoelectricity
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CN104218143B (en
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刘勇
田野
成波
刘大博
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BEIJING INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL MATERIALS CHINA AVIATION INDUSTRY GROUP Corp
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Abstract

The invention relates to BiAgSeTe-based thermoelectric material and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, BiAgSeTe-based high-performance thermoelectric blocks are prepared by a low-temperature solid melting technology and spark plasma sintering from single metal powders of Bi, Ag, Se and Te all 99.99% in purity. According to the scheme, the BiAgSeTe-based thermoelectric material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages such that the BiAgSeTe-based high-performance thermoelectric blocks of the thermoelectric material can be prepared conveniently and simply, a thermoelectric power factor of the thermoelectric material can be significantly increased by optimizing element ratio of the thermoelectric material and process parameters, thermoelectric property of the thermoelectric material is improved on the premise of barely increasing thermal conductivity. The BiAgSeTe-based thermoelectric material is thermoelectric conversion material of great potential.

Description

A kind of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material and preparation method thereof, belongs to energy and material technical field.
Background technology
Along with the pursuit of the environmentally friendly regenerative resource of the mankind, semiconductor generating and refrigeration application research will make thermo-electric converting material micro element produce profound significance to entire society's resources conservation and environmental protection, meet human kind sustainable development strategy.No matter be thermoelectric power generation, or the application of thermoelectric cooling, all be unableing to do without high generating and refrigerating efficiency, the key factor that determines its efficiency is the thermoelectricity capability height of material.The performance of thermoelectric material generally represents (ZT=α by dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit ZT 2σ T/ κ, wherein α, σ, κ, T represent respectively Seebeck coefficient, conductivity, thermal conductivity and the absolute temperature of material, wherein α 2σ is the power factor in thermoelectricity capability).Therefore good thermoelectric material should have high Seebeck coefficient and low resistivity, low thermal conductivity and high power factor.At present, the mode that improves conducting material thermoelectricity performance mainly contains doping vario-property, Composition Control, institutional framework control etc., in the situation that improving material power factor, does not relatively increase thermal conductivity, thereby improves the thermoelectricity capability of material.The polynary thermoelectric material of development of new and technique are synthetic is simultaneously also current thermoelectric material research emphasis.
Summary of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention be research Bi ?Te binary compound Bi 2te 3and on doping vario-property compound basis derivative multi-element compounds as proposing in thermoelectric material process, a kind of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material and preparation method thereof is provided, BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material has no domestic and international relevant report, the cubic structure of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material has determined that it has lower thermal conductivity, its electric property relative mistake is a little, by regulating different Se and Te atom ratio can effectively regulate the carrier concentration of this material, improve its electricity transmission performance, will be conducive to improve its thermoelectricity capability.In addition, by the control to this material synthesis technique, to optimizing the performance of material, also play very important effect.In BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material, the low reason of fusing point due to Bi, Se and Te metal, in building-up process, very easily generate second-phase, increase brilliant dielectric resistance, the thermoelectricity capability that is unfavorable for this material system improves, technical solution of the present invention mainly adopts process annealing to make the elements such as low-melting-point metal Bi, Se and Te admittedly molten, strict adjusting controlled Se, Te atomic ratio, then by low temperature melting in conjunction with discharge plasma sintering, when optimizing the material thermoelectric (al) power factor, relatively do not increase thermal conductivity, thereby reach the effect that improves this material system thermoelectricity capability.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Technical solution of the present invention has proposed a kind of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material, and its feature exists: the chemical general formula of this material is: BiAgSe 1-xte 1+x, the span Wei of x ?0.05~0.05.
Technical solution of the present invention has also proposed a kind of method of preparing described BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material, it is characterized in that: the Bi that the purity of take is 99.99%, Ag, Se and Te simple substance powder are raw material, the proportioning of pressing chemical general formula weighs, with agate, grinding alms bowl mixes raw material, be pressed into block and put into vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 200 ℃, processing time is 48h, then after block Chan is broken, put into stainless steel jar mill, add absolute ethyl alcohol wet-milling 12 hours under 400rpm, the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is 5~10 times of block volume, then the powder of milled is put into 60 ℃ of vacuum bellows inner dryings 24 hours, dried powder is put into graphite jig, by discharge plasma sintering, become block materials, in sintering process, programming rate is 80 ℃~150 ℃/min, sintering temperature is 450 ℃, pressure is 30Mpa~60Mpa, temperature retention time 3~6 minutes, can obtain BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material.
While pressing the proportioning raw materials weighing of chemical general formula, the value of x is 0,0.002,0.004,0.008,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04 or 0.05.
Advantage of the present invention is: the BiAgSeTe base block thermoelectric material of preparing a kind of different Se, Te atom ratio that technical solution of the present invention can be accurate, succinct.Solve in thermoelectricity capability optimizing process the paradox that electric property and heat conveyance performance parameter change, the whole thermoelectricity capability that improves material.Pass through low temperature melting, accurately control the proportioning content of each element, make can regulate in discharge plasma sintering process at synthesizing block material Se, Te atomic ratio, regulation and control carrier concentration, improve the relative thermal conductivity that do not increase on the basis of electric property, improving the power factor of BiAgSeTe sill.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD of the synthetic BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material block of technique in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the SEM of the synthetic BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material block of technique in embodiment 1;
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is made to say further detailed description:
Bi, the Ag that the purity of take is 99.99%, Se and Te simple substance powder are raw material, by chemical general formula BiAgSe 1-xte 1+xthe proportioning of (the span Wei of x ?0.05~0.05) weighs, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material raw material components and proportioning
In table 1, each numeric item represents the embodiment of a BiAgSeTe base block thermoelectric material raw material components and proportioning.
The preparation process of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material is as follows:
With agate, grinding alms bowl mixes raw material, be pressed into block and put into vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 200 ℃, processing time is 48h, then after block Chan is broken, put into stainless steel jar mill, add absolute ethyl alcohol wet-milling 12 hours under 400rpm, the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is 5~10 times of block volume, then the powder of milled is put into 60 ℃ of vacuum bellows inner dryings 24 hours, dried powder is put into graphite jig, by discharge plasma sintering, become block materials, in sintering process, programming rate is 80 ℃~150 ℃/min, sintering temperature is 450 ℃, pressure is 30Mpa~60Mpa, temperature retention time 3~6 minutes, can obtain BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material.
It is as follows that in table 1, each embodiment is prepared into the part technological parameter of BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material:
Embodiment 1
The addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is 5 times of block volume, and dry powder is by discharge plasma sintering process, and programming rate is 80 ℃/min, pressure is 40Mpa, temperature retention time 6 minutes, the molecular formula obtaining is BiAgSeTe thermoelectric block body material, when 723K, power factor is 445 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.72Wm ?1k ?1.Fig. 1 is the XRD of the synthetic BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material block of technique in embodiment 1; Fig. 2 is the SEM of the synthetic BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material block of technique in embodiment 1;
Embodiment 2: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 6 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 100 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.998te 1.002thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 457 μ Wm -1k -2, thermal conductivity is 0.74Wm -1k -1.
Embodiment 3: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 6 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 120 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 4 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.996te 1.004thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 474 μ Wm -1k -2, thermal conductivity is 0.81Wm -1k -1.
Embodiment 4: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 6 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 3 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.994te 1.006thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 488 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.82Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 5: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 6 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 3 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.992te 1.008thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 491 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.84Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 6: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.99te 1.01thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 529 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.90Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 7: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 6 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.98te 1.02thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 564 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.77Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 8: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.97te 1.03thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 596 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.71Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 9: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.96te 1.04thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 618 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.87Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 10: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 120 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 0.95te 1.05thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 626 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.94Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 11: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 1.01te 0.99thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 425 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.74Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 12: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 1.02te 0.98thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 405 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.76Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 13: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 150 ℃/min, pressure is 50Mpa, temperature retention time 5 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 1.03te 0.97thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 435 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.77Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 14: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 120 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 4 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 1.04te 0.96thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 415 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.70Wm ?1k ?1.
Embodiment 15: the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is block volume 10 times, dry powder becomes block materials by discharge plasma sintering, programming rate is 100 ℃/min, pressure is 60Mpa, temperature retention time 3 minutes,, can obtain molecular formula is BiAgSe 1.05te 0.95thermoelectric block body material.By test performance, its power factor when 723K is 403 μ Wm ?1k ?2, thermal conductivity is 0.68Wm ?1k ?1.
The BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material that technical solution of the present invention provides has lower thermal conductivity, higher Charge Transport Properties, conventional alloys thermoelectric material has potential development trend relatively at present, if will greatly improve its thermoelectricity transmission performance in conjunction with heavy metal element doping vario-property, BiAgSeTe sill is a kind of very potential novel thermo-electric converting material in a word.

Claims (3)

1. a BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material, its feature exists: the chemical general formula of this material is: BiAgSe 1-xte 1+x, the span Wei of x ?0.05~0.05.
2. the method for preparing BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Bi that the purity of take is 99.99%, Ag, Se and Te simple substance powder are raw material, the proportioning of pressing chemical general formula weighs, with agate, grinding alms bowl mixes raw material, be pressed into block and put into vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 200 ℃, processing time is 48h, then after block Chan is broken, put into stainless steel jar mill, add absolute ethyl alcohol wet-milling 12 hours under 400rpm, the addition of absolute ethyl alcohol is 5~10 times of block volume, then the powder of milled is put into 60 ℃ of vacuum bellows inner dryings 24 hours, dried powder is put into graphite jig, by discharge plasma sintering, become block materials, in sintering process, programming rate is 80 ℃~150 ℃/min, sintering temperature is 450 ℃, pressure is 30Mpa~60Mpa, temperature retention time 3~6 minutes, can obtain BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material.
3. the method for BiAgSeTe base thermoelectricity material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: during by the proportioning raw materials weighing of chemical general formula, the value of x is 0,0.002,0.004,0.008,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04 or 0.05.
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CN115490212A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-20 中国科学技术大学 Near-infrared active periodic plasma heterojunction photo-anode material and preparation method thereof
CN116281881A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-06-23 西安交通大学 Bismuth telluride-based thermoelectric material, preparation method and application thereof
CN116281881B (en) * 2023-03-24 2024-04-05 西安交通大学 Bismuth telluride-based thermoelectric material, preparation method and application thereof

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