CN104183650A - 一种氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管 - Google Patents
一种氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910007604 Zn—Sn—O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical group [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- RPAJSBKBKSSMLJ-DFWYDOINSA-N (2s)-2-aminopentanedioic acid;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O RPAJSBKBKSSMLJ-DFWYDOINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/7869—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film having a semiconductor body comprising an oxide semiconductor material, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide, cadmium stannate
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
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- H01L29/0843—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices
- H01L29/0847—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/0852—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate of DMOS transistors
- H01L29/0856—Source regions
- H01L29/086—Impurity concentration or distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/08—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/0843—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices
- H01L29/0847—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/0852—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate of DMOS transistors
- H01L29/0873—Drain regions
- H01L29/0878—Impurity concentration or distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78696—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. multichannel, transverse or longitudinal shape, length or width, doping structure, or the overlap or alignment between the channel and the gate, the source or the drain, or the contacting structure of the channel
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管,在所述源漏金属电极层与所述源漏极区域接触的区域引入氢浓度分布。在所述源极金属电极层与所述源极区域界面处,以及所述漏极金属电极与所述漏极区域的界面处引入的氢浓度最高,并且在远离界面处的方向上引入的氢浓度逐渐变小。进一步的,在靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层,且在所述源漏金属电极层远离所述源漏区域的一端以及沟道区域内没有引入的氢浓度分布,本发明在不导致氧化物薄膜晶体管性能下降的情况下,能够有效降低氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管的串联电阻。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜晶体管,尤其是一种氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管。
背景技术
薄膜晶体管作为一种场效应半导体器件,在有源阵列显示器驱动等显示领域有着重要的无可替代的运用,半导体活性材料对器件的性能和制造工艺有至关重要的影响,以硅为活性半导体材料的薄膜晶体管往往会存在迁移率低,光敏性强的缺点。以氧化锌为代表的透明宽带隙氧化物半导体材料能够很好的解决硅半导体材料的缺点,作为可用于薄膜晶体管的氧化物半导体材料包括ZnO,MgZnO,Zn-Sn-O, In-Zn-O, SnO, Ga2O3, In-Ga-O, In302, In-Ga-Zn-O等性能优异的材料。但是随着显示领域迅速发展,目前对氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管的特性要求越来越高,例如要求较小的串联电阻,较高的迁移率。
发明内容
本发明在于解决在不导致氧化物薄膜晶体管性能下降的情况下,降低氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管的串联电阻;
为解决上述技术问题本发明提供一种薄膜晶体管,包括绝缘衬底;位于绝缘衬底上的栅极电极层;位于绝缘衬底上覆盖所述栅极电极层的栅极绝缘层;氧化物半导体层形成于栅极绝缘层上,并包括与栅极电极层正对的沟道区域和位于沟道区域两端的源漏极区域;源漏金属电极层,位于源漏极区域上;其特征在于:在所述源漏金属电极层与所述源漏极区域接触的区域具有引入的氢浓度分布;
进一步的,在所述源极金属电极层与所述源极区域界面处,以及所述漏极金属电极与所述漏极区域的界面处引入的氢浓度最高,并且在远离界面处的方向上引入的氢浓度逐渐变小;
进一步的,在所述源漏金属电极层远离所述源漏区域的一端没有引入的氢浓度分布;
进一步的,在靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层,并且所述沟道区域内没有引入的氢浓度分布;
进一步的,所述没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层的靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分的长度为源漏极区域长度的1/8到1/10之间;
进一步的,所述源漏金属电极层选自铝、钛、钼、钕、钇或者钽中的一种;
进一步的,所述氧化物半导体层为Zn-Sn-O、In-Zn-O、In-Ga-O、MgZnO、In2O3层中的一种;
进一步的,所述氧化物半导体层为MgZnO层,侧该MgZnO层通过Sol-Gel法制备得到。
附图说明
图1-3 本发明氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管在各制备阶段的截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明能够降低源极电极,漏极电极与氧化物半导体之间的电阻,同时不会影想阈值电压、截止电流以及迁移率;
参看图3所示的本发明的氧化物半导体薄膜晶体管截面图,晶体管100包括绝缘衬底101,在该绝缘衬底101上沉积有底部栅极层103,绝缘覆盖层102以完全覆盖底部栅极103的形式覆盖在绝缘衬底101上,以起到绝缘隔离的作用,同时作为薄膜晶体管的栅极介质层,该栅极介质层102材料选为硅氧化层。氧化物半导体层104位于该栅极介质层102上,底部栅极103正对的氧化物半导体区域形成为沟道区域1041,沟道区域1041两侧的区域的一侧形成为源极区域1042,沟道区域的另一侧形成为漏极区域1042;源极金属电极105和漏极金属电极105形成于源极区域1042和漏极区域1042上,在靠近沟道区域1041的源极区域1042和漏极区域1042部分没有覆盖源极金属电极层105和漏极金属电极层105,该部分长度(沿沟道长度方向)优选为源漏极区域长度的1/4到1/2之间。在源极金属电极层105与源极区域1042的界面区域,以及在漏极金属电极层105与漏极区域1042的界面区域具有氢离子掺杂。该界面区域在源极金属电极层105与源极区域1042界面处以及漏极金属电极105与漏极区域1042的界面处引入的氢浓度最高,并且在远离界面处的方向上引入的氢浓度逐渐变小,也就是说,引入的氢浓度从源极金属电极层105与源极区域1042的界面处朝着源极金属电极层105的内部逐渐变小,朝着源极区域1042的内部逐渐变小;引入的氢浓度从漏极金属电极层105与漏极区域1042的界面处朝着漏极金属电极层105的内部逐渐变小,朝着漏极区域1042的内部逐渐变小。在源极金属电极层105远离源极区域1042的一端,即通常与布线层接触连接的源极金属电极层区域没有引入的氢分布,也就是说引入的氢浓度分布没有延伸到源极金属电极层105的表面,这样做是为了防止金属电极表面的退化,增强电极的耐候性和稳定性;同样的漏极金属电极层105远离漏极区域1042的一端也没有引入的氢分布。源极区域1042引入的氢分布没有延伸到沟道区1041,即沟道区域1041内没有引入的氢分布,如果引入的氢进入到沟道区则会引起器件性能的衰减,例如会严重影响关断电流和阈值电压,特别是对沟道区的迁移率会产生较严重的影响,工艺上经常使用热处理来驱走沟道区的氢以使沟道区的氧化物半导体更纯净;同样的漏极区域1042引入的氢分布也没有延伸到沟道区1041。同时,在靠近沟道区域的源极区域1042和漏极区域1042部分没有覆盖源极金属电极层105和漏极金属电极层105能够保证源漏金属电极层105与源漏区域1042接触的界面区域引入的氢分布不会进入沟道区域1041;
一方面,氢的引入会带来优越的源漏电极与氧化物半导体之间的电阻,显著减小器件串联电阻,提高器件效率;令一方面,氢的过多引入或氢引入到不当的位置又会给器件带来负面影响。因此引入的氢在源漏金属电极内的浓度分布,以及在源漏区域的浓度分布对器件性能的平衡起到重要作用,例如在整个源漏金属电极内引入氢分布或是在整个源漏区域引入氢分布,那么氢的引入带来的负面效果将超过正面效果;由于串联电阻的产生在源漏金属电极与源漏区域的界面处显著大于远离该界面处。因此,引入的氢浓度的分布在源漏金属电极与源漏区域的界面处最大,并朝着远离源漏金属电极与源漏区域的界面处的方向上逐渐减小;这样可最大限度的平衡其正面效果和负面效果,整体上提高器件性能;
下面将描述本发明薄膜晶体管的一种制备工艺以使得本发明更详细的被理解,单需要注意的是该制备工艺紧紧是可实现的一种方式,并不能限定本发明可以通过其他类似的方式实现。图1-3为薄膜晶体管的截面图,在绝缘衬底101上形成底部栅极层103,该栅极层103的形成例如可以使用CVD沉积的方法;在底部栅电极103上形成栅绝缘膜102,该栅绝缘膜102例如可以氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化铪等氧化物绝缘膜,也可以是其他的适用的绝缘膜;在栅极绝缘膜上102形成形成氧化物半导体膜;
该氧化物半导体膜可以通过选用合适的靶材经磁控溅射工艺沉积、Zn-Sn-O、In-Zn-O或者In-Ga-O膜,制备温度在500-600度;也可以通过Sol-Gel法制备具有更高迁移率的MgZnO膜;还可以利用离子束沉积法制备In2O3膜。之后通过刻蚀形成图案化的氧化物半导体层104,氧化物半导体层的厚度优选在20纳米到500纳米之间,其厚度的调节可通过控制溅射工艺参数实现。图案化后的氧化物半导体层104,硼掺杂形成源漏区1042,与栅电极层正对的氧化物半导体膜区域为沟道区域1041;
在源漏区1042远离沟道区域1041的表面引入氢,但在靠近沟道区域1041的源漏区域1042部分的表面没有引入氢,以隔离氢与沟道,该没有引入氢的部分的长度优选为源漏区域的1/2到1/4之间。氢的引入可以是氢离子表面渗入,此时氢的分布局限在源漏区域1042表面极薄的区域,但不能使用例如含有氢的离子注入等能量高的掺杂方式,这是因为高能量的氢容易引起较大的晶格损伤,并且高能态的氢不会分布在源漏区域1042表面极薄的区域内,这将在之后的工艺中不能形成引入的氢浓度的梯度分布。之后形成图形化的源漏金属电极层105,该源漏金属电极层105在引入有氢离子的源漏区域1042的表面与源漏区域接触。源漏金属电极层105可通过熟知的沉积工艺获得,例如可以是铝、钛、钼或者钕、钇、钽等材料。在形成图形化的源漏金属电极层105之后,对该薄膜晶体管100进行热处理以激活分布在源漏区域表面极薄区域内的氢,并向两侧扩散,以获得所需要的具有引入的氢浓度梯度的氧化物薄膜晶体管,热处理温度优选为350-600摄氏度,更优选为450摄氏度;最后沉积绝缘包覆膜以覆盖氧化物半导体层以及源漏区和源漏电极层。
Claims (9)
1.一种薄膜晶体管,包括绝缘衬底;位于绝缘衬底上的栅极电极层;位于绝缘衬底上覆盖所述栅极电极层的栅极绝缘层;氧化物半导体层形成于栅极绝缘层上,并包括与栅极电极层正对的沟道区域和位于沟道区域两端的源漏极区域;源漏金属电极层,位于源漏极区域上;其特征在于:在所述源漏金属电极层与所述源漏极区域接触的区域引入氢浓度分布。
2.一种薄膜晶体管,包括绝缘衬底;位于绝缘衬底上的栅极电极层;位于绝缘衬底上覆盖所述栅极电极层的栅极绝缘层;氧化物半导体层形成于栅极绝缘层上,并包括与栅极电极层正对的沟道区域和位于沟道区域两端的源漏极区域;源漏金属电极层,位于源漏极区域上;其特征在于:在所述源极金属电极层与所述源极区域界面处,以及所述漏极金属电极与所述漏极区域的界面处引入的氢浓度最高,并且在远离界面处的方向上引入的氢浓度逐渐变小。
3.一种薄膜晶体管,包括绝缘衬底;位于绝缘衬底上的栅极电极层;位于绝缘衬底上覆盖所述栅极电极层的栅极绝缘层;氧化物半导体层形成于栅极绝缘层上,并包括与栅极电极层正对的沟道区域和位于沟道区域两端的源漏极区域;源漏金属电极层,位于源漏极区域上;其特征在于:在所述源漏金属电极层与所述源漏极区域接触的区域具有引入的氢浓度分布,并且在所述源漏金属电极层远离所述源漏区域的一端没有引入的氢浓度分布。
4.如权利要求3所述的薄膜晶体管,在靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层,并且所述沟道区域内没有引入的氢浓度分布。
5.如权利要求2所述的薄膜晶体管,在靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层,在所述源漏金属电极层远离所述源漏区域的一端没有引入的氢浓度分布,并且所述沟道区域内没有引入的氢浓度分布。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的薄膜晶体管,所述没有覆盖所述源漏极金属电极层的靠近所述沟道区域的所述源漏区域部分的长度为源漏极区域长度的1/4到1/2之间。
7.如权利要求1-6所述的薄膜晶体管,所述氧化物半导体层为Zn-Sn-O、In-Zn-O、In-Ga-O、MgZnO、In2O3层中的一种。
8.如权利要求7所述的薄膜晶体管,若所述氧化物半导体层为MgZnO层,侧该MgZnO层通过Sol-Gel法制备得到。
9.如权利要求1-8所述的薄膜晶体管,若所述源漏金属电极层选自铝、钛、钼、钕、钇或者钽中的一种。
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