CN104175114A - Vertical screw live-line fastening tool for substation equipment - Google Patents
Vertical screw live-line fastening tool for substation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104175114A CN104175114A CN201410444773.9A CN201410444773A CN104175114A CN 104175114 A CN104175114 A CN 104175114A CN 201410444773 A CN201410444773 A CN 201410444773A CN 104175114 A CN104175114 A CN 104175114A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
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Abstract
本发明涉及螺丝紧固工具，具体为变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具。解决目前缺乏竖直螺丝带电紧固工具的问题。该紧固工具由绝缘操作杆和操作头构成；操作头包括空心的类C形操作头主体，操作头主体的上横柱的端部设有移动杆，移动杆的一端连接有短套筒，上横柱的空腔内设有限位杆，在限位杆的一端设有限位杆水平驱动机构，操作头主体的下横柱的一端支撑有主动轴，在主动轴伸入下横柱空腔内的一端固定有主动齿轮，下横柱空腔内还设有与主动齿轮啮合的从动齿轮，从动齿轮上固定有从动轴，从动轴的一端从下横柱的上端面伸出且连接有长套筒。本发明结构设计合理、新颖、独特，是一种理想的变电站设备的竖直型螺丝带电紧固工具。
The invention relates to a screw fastening tool, in particular to a live fastening tool for vertical screws of substation equipment. The present invention solves the problem of lack of live fastening tools for vertical screws. The fastening tool is composed of an insulating operating rod and an operating head; the operating head includes a hollow C-like operating head body, the end of the upper horizontal column of the operating head body is provided with a moving rod, and one end of the moving rod is connected with a short sleeve. There is a limit rod in the cavity of the upper cross column, and a limit rod horizontal drive mechanism is provided at one end of the limit rod. One end of the lower cross column of the main body of the operation head supports a driving shaft, and the driving shaft extends into the cavity of the lower cross column. One end inside is fixed with a driving gear, and a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is also provided in the cavity of the lower horizontal column. The driven gear is fixed with a driven shaft, and one end of the driven shaft protrudes from the upper end surface of the lower horizontal column. And connected with a long sleeve. The invention has reasonable structural design, novelty and uniqueness, and is an ideal vertical screw live fastening tool for substation equipment.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及螺丝紧固工具，具体为变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具。 The invention relates to a screw fastening tool, in particular to a live fastening tool for vertical screws of substation equipment.
背景技术 Background technique
变电站35kV 设备会出现由于部分连接处螺丝松动而导致发热等异常，常用的处理方法是将设备停电后处理。停电处理会涉及到其他临近设备，从而增加了维修时间和运行成本，如果仅仅是螺丝松动造成其他设备进行停电或操作增加了全站设备故障或异常的可能性。如果能够在不停电的情况下对松动螺丝进行处理，能够节约运行成本、检修成本、人工和时间成本，增加运行经济性。但目前缺乏这种竖直螺丝带电紧固工具，因此需要一种能够安全进行竖直型螺丝带电紧固的工具，在保证安全的前提下对各处螺丝进行带电处理。 The 35kV equipment in the substation may experience abnormalities such as heating due to loose screws at some connections. The common treatment method is to deal with the equipment after power failure. Power outage processing will involve other adjacent equipment, which increases maintenance time and operating costs. If only the loose screws cause power outage or operation of other equipment, the possibility of equipment failure or abnormality in the whole station will be increased. If the loose screws can be processed without powering off, the operating cost, maintenance cost, labor and time costs can be saved, and the operating economy can be increased. But there is a lack of live fastening tools for such vertical screws at present, so a tool that can safely carry out live fastening of vertical screws is needed, and the screws are charged everywhere under the premise of ensuring safety. the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明解决目前缺乏竖直螺丝带电紧固工具的问题，提供一种变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具。 The invention solves the problem of lack of live fastening tools for vertical screws at present, and provides a live fastening tool for vertical screws of substation equipment.
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具，由绝缘操作杆和操作头两部分构成；操作头包括由上横柱、下横柱和连接于上、下横柱一端的立柱构成的空心的类C形操作头主体，操作头主体的上横柱的端部设有一侧端面带有齿条的移动杆，移动杆轴线在操作头主体的上、下横柱轴线形成的平面内，移动杆垂直穿过操作头主体的上横柱，移动杆位于操作头主体上、下横柱间的一端连接有与竖直螺丝的螺帽配合的短套筒，上横柱的空腔内设有限位杆，限位杆的一端在上横柱的空腔内与移动杆一侧端面上的齿条相配合，另一端穿出上横柱，并在限位杆穿出上横柱的一端设有限位杆水平驱动机构，限位杆水平驱动机构包括由水平板和与水平板一端固定的垂直板构成的角架，角架的水平板与垂直板的连接拐角部位铰连于操作头主体的立柱侧面，垂直板的非连接端与限位杆穿出上横柱的端部连接，水平板的非连接端连接有拉绳，限位杆上还设置有位于上横柱空腔内的复位弹簧；操作头主体的下横柱的一端支撑有主动轴，主动轴的轴线与移动杆的轴线平行并且一端从下横柱的下端面伸入下横柱空腔内，在主动轴伸入下横柱空腔内的一端固定有主动齿轮，下横柱空腔内还设有与主动齿轮啮合的从动齿轮，从动齿轮上固定有从动轴，从动轴的一端从下横柱的上端面伸出且其轴线与移动杆的轴线重合，从动轴伸出下横柱的一端连接有与竖直螺丝的螺母配合的长套筒，主动轴的另一端使用时与绝缘操作杆的一端插接。使用时首先向下拉动拉绳，角架的水平板一端在拉绳驱动下向下运动，整个角架绕其铰连部位转动，角架的垂直板带动限位杆向外运动，使限位杆的端部脱离移动杆一侧的齿条，将移动杆向上推动，为操作头的长套筒对准竖直螺丝腾出空间，然后放开拉绳，在复位弹簧的作用下，限位杆复位（即其端部重新顶住移动杆一侧的齿条），使移动杆定位。然后，举起绝缘操作杆，把操作头对准设备上的竖直螺丝，并把长套筒对准竖直螺丝并插入螺丝的螺母端（长出的螺杆部分可进入长套筒内，不影响紧固竖直螺丝），此时，拉动拉绳，驱动限位杆向外运动，移动杆在重力作用下向下运动，使短套筒自动套住竖直螺丝的螺帽（固定螺帽防止连轴转），放开拉绳使限位杆复位，用左手稳住绝缘操作杆并用右手顺时针转动，这样，绝缘操作杆经主动轴、主动齿轮、从动齿轮、从动轴驱动长套筒转动，从而对竖直螺丝的螺母实现紧固。紧固完成后再向下拉动拉绳并向下拉动绝缘操作杆，使移动杆向上运动，再放开拉绳，使短套筒脱离竖直螺丝的螺帽，再把绝缘操作杆向下及一侧移动直至长套筒与螺母完全分开，取下操作头，完成带电紧固过程。 The present invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the live fastening tool for vertical screws of substation equipment consists of two parts: an insulating operating rod and an operating head; the operating head consists of an upper horizontal column, a lower horizontal column, and a The main body of the hollow C-shaped operation head is composed of a column at one end of the column. The end of the upper horizontal column of the main body of the operation head is provided with a moving rod with a rack on one side. The axis of the moving rod is on the upper and lower horizontal columns of the main body of the operating head. In the plane formed by the axis, the moving rod vertically passes through the upper horizontal column of the main body of the operating head, and one end of the moving rod located between the upper and lower horizontal columns of the main body of the operating head is connected with a short sleeve that matches the nut of the vertical screw. There is a limit rod in the cavity of the column. One end of the limit rod is matched with the rack on the end face of the moving rod in the cavity of the upper horizontal column, and the other end passes through the upper horizontal column and passes through the limit rod. One end of the upper cross column is provided with a horizontal drive mechanism of the limit rod. The horizontal drive mechanism of the limit rod includes a corner frame composed of a horizontal plate and a vertical plate fixed to one end of the horizontal plate. The corner connecting the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the corner frame Hinged to the side of the column of the main body of the operation head, the non-connecting end of the vertical plate is connected with the end of the limit rod passing through the upper horizontal column, the non-connecting end of the horizontal plate is connected with a pull rope, and the limit rod is also provided with a The return spring in the cavity of the horizontal column; one end of the lower horizontal column of the main body of the operating head supports a driving shaft, the axis of the driving shaft is parallel to the axis of the moving rod and one end extends from the lower end surface of the lower horizontal column into the cavity of the lower horizontal column , a driving gear is fixed at one end of the driving shaft extending into the cavity of the lower horizontal column, and a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is also arranged in the cavity of the lower horizontal column, and a driven shaft is fixed on the driven gear, and the driven shaft One end protrudes from the upper end surface of the lower cross column and its axis coincides with the axis of the moving rod. One end of the driven shaft protruding from the lower cross column is connected with a long sleeve that matches the nut of the vertical screw. The other end of the driving shaft When in use, it is plugged with one end of the insulating operating rod. When in use, first pull the pull rope downwards, one end of the horizontal plate of the corner frame moves downwards driven by the pull rope, the whole corner frame rotates around its hinged part, and the vertical plate of the corner frame drives the limit rod to move outward, so that the limit The end of the rod is detached from the rack on one side of the moving rod, and the moving rod is pushed up to make room for the long sleeve of the operating head to align with the vertical screw, and then release the pull rope. Under the action of the return spring, the limit The rod resets (that is, its end again bears against the rack on one side of the travel rod), positioning the travel rod. Then, lift up the insulated operating rod, align the operating head with the vertical screw on the device, and align the long sleeve with the vertical screw and insert the nut end of the screw (the part of the long screw can enter the long sleeve without affect the fastening of the vertical screw), at this time, pull the pull rope to drive the limit rod to move outward, and the moving rod moves downward under the action of gravity, so that the short sleeve automatically covers the nut of the vertical screw (fixed nut prevent shaft rotation), release the pull cord to reset the limit lever, hold the insulating operating lever with the left hand and turn it clockwise with the right hand, so that the insulating operating lever drives the long sleeve through the driving shaft, driving gear, driven gear and driven shaft Turn to tighten the nuts of the vertical screws. After the fastening is completed, pull down the pull rope and pull down the insulating operating rod to make the moving rod move upwards, then release the pulling rope to separate the short sleeve from the nut of the vertical screw, and then pull the insulating operating rod down and Move one side until the long sleeve is completely separated from the nut, remove the operating head, and complete the live fastening process.
本发明能够在充分保证带电操作安全的前提下，实现对变电站设备各部分竖直型螺丝进行带电紧固，尤其是距地面较高处的螺丝，操作人员无需攀爬带电设备就能在地面进行操作，通过不同高度的绝缘操作杆，可对不同高度的螺丝进行紧固。本发明结构设计合理、新颖、独特，是一种理想的变电站设备的竖直型螺丝带电紧固工具。 The present invention can realize the live fastening of the vertical screws of each part of the substation equipment under the premise of fully ensuring the safety of the live operation, especially the screws at a higher position from the ground, and the operator can perform fastening on the ground without climbing the live equipment. Operation, through the insulating operating rods of different heights, the screws of different heights can be fastened. The invention has reasonable structural design, novelty and uniqueness, and is an ideal vertical screw live fastening tool for substation equipment.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为图1在限位板原始状态下的左视图； Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1 in the original state of the limiting plate;
图3为图1在限位板施力状态下的左视图； Fig. 3 is a left side view of Fig. 1 under the force applied state of the limiting plate;
图4为本发明限位杆水平驱动机构原始状态下的局部结构示意图； Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the original state of the limit rod horizontal drive mechanism of the present invention;
图5为本发明限位杆水平驱动机构动作状态下的局部结构示意图； Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the horizontal driving mechanism of the limit rod of the present invention;
图6为图4的局部放大右视图。 FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged right view of FIG. 4 .
图中：1－操作头主体，2－移动杆，3－短套筒，4－限位杆，5－水平板，6－垂直板，7－拉绳，8－复位弹簧，9－主动轴，10－主动齿轮，11－从动齿轮，12－从动轴，13－长套筒，14－水平拉杆，15－竖直拉杆，16－限位板，17－拉簧，18－压簧，19－缓力拉绳，20－凹槽。 In the figure: 1-main body of operating head, 2-moving rod, 3-short sleeve, 4-limit rod, 5-horizontal plate, 6-vertical plate, 7-pull rope, 8-return spring, 9-driving shaft , 10-driving gear, 11-driven gear, 12-driven shaft, 13-long sleeve, 14-horizontal tie rod, 15-vertical tie rod, 16-limiting plate, 17-tension spring, 18-pressure spring , 19-slow force stay rope, 20-groove.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具，由绝缘操作杆和操作头两部分构成；操作头包括由上横柱、下横柱和连接于上、下横柱一端的立柱构成的空心的类C形操作头主体1，操作头主体1的上横柱的端部设有一侧端面带有齿条的移动杆2，移动杆2轴线在操作头主体的上、下横柱轴线形成的平面内，移动杆2垂直穿过操作头主体的上横柱，移动杆2位于操作头主体上、下横柱间的一端连接有与竖直螺丝的螺帽配合的短套筒3，上横柱的空腔内设有限位杆4，限位杆4的一端在上横柱的空腔内与移动杆一侧端面上的齿条相配合，另一端穿出上横柱，并在限位杆穿出上横柱的一端设有限位杆水平驱动机构，限位杆水平驱动机构包括由水平板5和与水平板一端固定的垂直板6构成的角架，角架的水平板与垂直板的连接拐角部位铰连于操作头主体1的立柱侧面，垂直板6的非连接端与限位杆穿出上横柱的端部连接，水平板5的非连接端连接有拉绳7，限位杆4上还设置有位于上横柱空腔内的复位弹簧8（复位弹簧套限位杆上且其一端与限位杆固定，另一端与上横柱的内壁固定，这是为实现限位杆可靠复位，复位弹簧的常规连接）；操作头主体1的下横柱的一端支撑有主动轴9，主动轴9的轴线与移动杆2的轴线平行并且一端从下横柱的下端面伸入下横柱空腔内，在主动轴2伸入下横柱空腔内的一端固定有主动齿轮10，下横柱空腔内还设有与主动齿轮啮合的从动齿轮11，从动齿轮11上固定有从动轴12，从动轴12的一端从下横柱的上端面伸出且其轴线与移动杆2的轴线重合，从动轴12伸出下横柱的一端连接有与竖直螺丝的螺母配合的长套筒13，主动轴9的另一端使用时与绝缘操作杆的一端插接。具体实施时，短套筒3是活动连接于移动杆2的端部，短套筒3插入移动杆2端部后，用一个同时穿过短套筒和移动杆的插销将两者活动连接起来；同样地，长套筒13是活动连接于从动轴12的端部，长套筒13插入从动轴端部后，用一个同时穿过长套筒和从动轴的插销将两者活动连接起来。活动连接可方便长、短套筒的更换（拔出插销就可更换长、短套筒），以适用不同规格的竖直螺丝。具体实施时，从动轴12和主动轴9作为转动部件都涉及支撑问题，如何实现它们的良好支撑以实现灵活转动对所属领域的技术人员来讲是常规技术或容易实现，如选用轴承等部件来实现其灵活转动下的支撑。 The live fastening tool for vertical screws of substation equipment consists of two parts: an insulating operating rod and an operating head; Shaped operating head main body 1, the end of the upper horizontal column of the operating head main body 1 is provided with a moving rod 2 with a rack on one end surface, the axis of the moving rod 2 is in the plane formed by the upper and lower horizontal column axes of the operating head main body, Moving rod 2 passes through the upper horizontal column of the main body of the operating head vertically, and one end of the moving rod 2 between the upper and lower horizontal columns of the operating head main body is connected with a short sleeve 3 cooperating with the nut of the vertical screw. There is a limit rod 4 in the cavity, and one end of the limit rod 4 is matched with the rack on the end face of the moving rod in the cavity of the upper horizontal column, and the other end passes through the upper horizontal column and passes through the limit rod. One end of the upper cross column is provided with a horizontal drive mechanism of the limit rod. The horizontal drive mechanism of the limit rod includes a corner frame composed of a horizontal plate 5 and a vertical plate 6 fixed to one end of the horizontal plate. The connecting corner of the horizontal plate and the vertical plate of the corner frame The part is hinged on the side of the column of the main body of the operation head 1, the non-connecting end of the vertical plate 6 is connected with the end of the limit rod passing through the upper horizontal column, the non-connecting end of the horizontal plate 5 is connected with a pull rope 7, and the limit rod 4 Also be provided with the back-moving spring 8 that is positioned at the upper cross column cavity (on the back-moving spring sleeve limit rod and its one end is fixed with the limit rod, and the other end is fixed with the inner wall of the upper cross column, this is to realize that the limit rod is reliable. reset, the conventional connection of the return spring); one end of the lower cross column of the operating head main body 1 is supported with a drive shaft 9, the axis of the drive shaft 9 is parallel to the axis of the moving rod 2 and one end extends from the lower end surface of the lower cross column into the lower cross In the column cavity, a driving gear 10 is fixed at the end where the driving shaft 2 extends into the lower horizontal column cavity, and a driven gear 11 meshing with the driving gear is also provided in the lower horizontal column cavity, and the driven gear 11 is fixed Driven shaft 12 is arranged, and one end of driven shaft 12 stretches out from the upper end surface of lower cross column and its axis coincides with the axis of moving rod 2, and one end of driven shaft 12 stretches out lower cross column is connected with vertical screw. The long sleeve 13 that nut cooperates, when the other end of drive shaft 9 is used, inserts with an end of insulating operating rod. During specific implementation, the short sleeve 3 is movably connected to the end of the moving rod 2. After the short sleeve 3 is inserted into the end of the moving rod 2, the two are movably connected with a bolt that passes through the short sleeve and the moving rod at the same time. ; Similarly, the long sleeve 13 is movably connected to the end of the driven shaft 12, after the long sleeve 13 is inserted into the end of the driven shaft, the two are moved with a pin that passes through the long sleeve and the driven shaft simultaneously connect them. The flexible connection can facilitate the replacement of long and short sleeves (the long and short sleeves can be replaced by pulling out the latch), so as to be suitable for vertical screws of different specifications. During specific implementation, the driven shaft 12 and the driving shaft 9 both involve support issues as rotating parts. How to realize their good support to realize flexible rotation is a conventional technology or easy realization for those skilled in the art, such as selecting parts such as bearings To realize the support under its flexible rotation.
具体操作时，在完成紧固后竖直螺丝的螺母容易与长套筒卡死，造成操作头与被紧固的竖直螺丝难以脱离，给使用带来不便，为此，该变电站设备的竖直螺丝带电紧固工具还包括缓力装置，所述的缓力装置由两个下端面开有凹槽20的水平拉杆14、两个竖直拉杆15、限位板16、拉簧17、两个压簧18以及与限位板固定的缓力拉绳19构成，限位板16位于操作头主体的立柱一侧端面上并在其上开有两个尺寸大于水平拉杆14截面尺寸的过孔，拉簧17的一端固定于操作头主体的立柱上、另一端与限位板16的一端相连，两个水平拉杆14垂直穿过操作头主体1的立柱并穿过立柱一侧端面上的限位板16上的过孔，两个压簧18分别套于两个水平拉杆14的未穿过限位板的一端上，两个竖直拉杆15分别固定于两个水平拉杆14的端部，缓力拉绳19固定于限位板16的下端。使用时，在操作头被举起之前，推动套有压簧18一端的竖直拉杆15，使水平拉杆14下端面上的凹槽20卡在限位板16上，并使两压簧18受压变形；当操作头需要脱离被紧固的竖直螺丝时，向下拉动缓力拉绳19，使限位板16克服拉簧18的弹力向下运动，使限位板16脱离水平拉杆14下端面上的凹槽20，由水平拉杆和竖直拉杆构成的整体在压簧18的作用下快速向一侧运动，形成对操作头的冲击，使长套筒与竖直螺丝的螺母之间得以缓力、松动，从而更易于操作头与被紧固螺丝的脱离，使该工具使用更方便、可靠。松开缓力拉绳19，限位板16在拉簧18的作用下复位，为下一次使用作好准备。 During the specific operation, the nut of the vertical screw is easily stuck with the long sleeve after the fastening is completed, which makes it difficult to disengage the operation head from the fastened vertical screw, which brings inconvenience to the use. For this reason, the vertical screw of the substation equipment The straight screw live fastening tool also includes a slowing force device, and the described slowing force device consists of two horizontal pull rods 14 with grooves 20 on the lower end faces, two vertical pull rods 15, a limit plate 16, an extension spring 17, two A compression spring 18 and a slow force stay cord 19 fixed to the limit plate are formed. The limit plate 16 is located on the column side end face of the main body of the operating head and has two through holes with a size greater than the cross-sectional size of the horizontal pull rod 14 on it. One end of the tension spring 17 is fixed on the column of the main body of the operation head, and the other end is connected with one end of the limit plate 16, and the two horizontal pull rods 14 pass through the column of the main body of the operation head 1 vertically and pass through the limit on the end surface of one side of the column. Through holes on the position plate 16, two clip springs 18 are respectively placed on one end of the two horizontal pull rods 14 that do not pass through the limit plate, and the two vertical pull rods 15 are respectively fixed on the ends of the two horizontal pull rods 14, The slow force stay cord 19 is fixed on the lower end of the limiting plate 16 . When in use, before the operating head is lifted, push the vertical pull rod 15 with one end of the clip spring 18, so that the groove 20 on the lower end surface of the horizontal pull rod 14 is stuck on the limit plate 16, and the two clip springs 18 are supported. Compression deformation; when the operating head needs to be separated from the fastened vertical screw, pull the slow force pull rope 19 downwards, so that the limit plate 16 moves downward against the elastic force of the extension spring 18, and the limit plate 16 is separated from the horizontal pull rod 14 The groove 20 on the lower end surface, the whole composed of the horizontal pull rod and the vertical pull rod moves quickly to one side under the action of the compression spring 18, forming an impact on the operating head, so that the gap between the long sleeve and the nut of the vertical screw The force can be slowed down and loosened, so that it is easier to disengage the operation head from the fastened screw, making the tool more convenient and reliable to use. Unclamp the slow force stay cord 19, and the limit plate 16 resets under the effect of the extension spring 18, which is ready for use next time.
Claims (3)
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| CN110539153A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-06 | 邱兰兰 | Bolt and nut screwing device for assembling plates |
| CN111531359A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 国家电网有限公司 | Horizontal screw live-line fastening tool of substation equipment |
| CN113500382A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-15 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | Bolt tightening device and climbing robot applying same |
| CN114749901A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 彭美芳 | An assembly machine for variable diameter and displacement tightening of automobile wheel hub bolts |
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