CN104121146A

CN104121146A - Vertical-axis wind power generation system working according to double-wind-turbine double-wind-speed power curves

Info

Publication number: CN104121146A
Application number: CN201310153536.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伍培云; 王洪福; 顾曙敏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-04-24
Filing date: 2013-04-28
Publication date: 2014-10-29
Also published as: CN203412699U

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical-axis wind power generation system working according to double-wind-turbine double-wind-speed power curves. Two Darrieus wind turbines are designed, one Darrieus wind turbine is installed on a rotor of a generator, the other Darrieus wind turbine is installed on a stator of the generator, but the directions of rotation of the two Darrieus wind turbines are just opposite to each other when the two Darrieus wind turbines work. The bottom of the generator is fixed to a rotating body, and the rotating body can freely rotate around a center shaft of the generator without friction through magnetic suspension. At low wind speed, both wind turbines work, and at high wind speed, only the wind turbine on the rotor works. The wind power generation system is controlled by a PLC to work in the two working modes circularly according to changes of the wind speed so that the system can work according to the low-wind-speed power curve and the high-wind-speed power curve, the start wind speed is low, but the working wind speed range is wide. The vertical-axis wind power generation system is particularly suitable for the vast regions where wind speed is not distributed evenly throughout the year, and the annual energy output can be increased by several times. The vertical-axis wind power generation system is reliable in performance, stable, simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, not prone to damage, durable and easy to maintain.

Description

The vertical axis wind power generation system of the two wind speed power curve work of two wind wheels

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of vertical axis wind power generation system, native system can be realized the two power curve work in low wind speed power curve and high wind speed power curve, overcome the intrinsic a kind of disadvantage of existing wind-power generating system, the work wind speed range of wind-driven generator is narrower, the contradiction that low exactly wind speed and high wind speed can not be taken into account.And this power generation system has the same generating capacity at low wind speed and high wind speed, and reduce starting wind velocity, widened the scope of the work wind speed of generator.Be specially adapted to the vast year very inhomogeneous area of wind speed profile, can increase several fold annual electricity generating capacity.

Background technique

At present, wind-power generating system kind is a lot of on the market, has horizontal axis, vertical axis wind power generation system, and the wind-driven generator having adopted has 3 kinds, i.e. DC generator, asynchronous and synchronous alternator; No matter be which kind of motor, by stator and the large parts of rotor two, form (having dividing of internal rotor and external rotor), by the rotation of rotor, in the winding in variation magnetic field, produce induction electromotive force, the wind energy transformation that wind wheel is caught becomes electric energy .In fact can not be by the wind energy of catching all change electric energy into, in air density , power coefficient , place wind speed and mechanical efficiency in identical situation, the output power of generator and wind wheel area be directly proportional .

Summary of the invention

Theoretical according to Bates, power coefficient limiting value be 0.593, this is a upper limit, any type of wind-power generating system all can not be broken through this upper limit, solve the narrower problem of work wind speed range of existing wind-power generating system, particularly low wind speed district, only rely on to increase (resemble and become oar blower fan), is difficult to realize, and therefore, when low wind speed, must increase exponentially wind wheel area , could increase the generated energy of generator .If single-rotor motor will increase wind wheel area, wind wheel radius also will increase, because power coefficient be function, be the tip-speed ratio (generally having a maximum between 2.0-7.5) of wind wheel, keep near maximum, first to have too large variation, radius increase, will reduce the rotating speed of motor , increasing the number of pole-pairs of motor, the weight and volume of motor increases greatly, and cost will be multiplied, and the investment of unit K W is multiplied thereupon.The present invention is in the situation that existing motor number of pole-pairs is constant, increases by one group of wind wheel as shown in Figure 1, radius on vertical-axis generators stator constant, thus guarantee in constant situation, make wind wheel area double or more, carry out double rotor operation, thereby realize the generated energy of (wind speed is less than 5 meter per seconds) generator while increasing low wind speed .When becoming high wind speed (more than wind speed 5 meter per seconds), motor stator braking, only has epitrochanterian wind wheel work, thereby makes motor be in best generating state.Native system has been realized blower fan and has been worked in two kinds of wind speed power curve, and front a kind of nominal operation wind speed is less than 5 meter per seconds, and rear a kind of nominal operation wind speed can be greater than 10 meter per seconds.The work wind speed range of therefore having widened generator, has particularly increased the generated energy of low wind speed range, and abundant Collection and use wind energy tool is of great significance.And horizontal axis wind-driven generator should not adopt similar approach, because wind is horizontal motion, can make front wind wheel keep off the wind energy of rear wind wheel.According to electromagnetic induction principle, the conductor induction electromotive force size that motion cutting magnetic line produces in magnetic field is:

( 1)

In formula, for coil turn, for the amplitude (Wb) of main flux, for angular velocity of rotation (rad/s), t is time (s).The difference of birotor permanent magnetic synchronous machine (PMSM) and common PMSM is that its armature portion also can rotate, the power resources of two rotors produce the interaction between magnetic field in permanent magnet and armature, therefore, two rotors will be along contrary direction rotation.From formula (1), if adopt dual-rotor structure, even if definitely rotating speed is very low, also can make the relative rotation speed between magnetic field and winding become large.By formula (1), can be obtained:

Wherein, , be respectively the angular velocity of rotation of inner and outer Rotator.Double rotor synchronous generator in the ideal situation, the rotating speed opposite sign but equal magnitude of inner and outer rotors.If , so, have:

( 2)

Comparison type (1) and formula (2) are known, under identical condition, the wind energy utilization of birotor generator and generating capacity have all improved 1 times, because two wind wheel starting torques double, even if wind speed is very low, also can move, reduce starting wind velocity, widened the scope of the work wind speed of generator.For realizing object of the present invention, taked following technological scheme:

Design two groups of Da Lie formula wind wheels, on the rotor that a group is arranged on generator, another group is arranged on the stator of generator, and as shown in Figure 1, but sense of rotation during their work is just in time contrary.Generator bottom is fixed on a solid of rotation, and as shown in Figure 1, this solid of rotation can be around the central shaft of generator rotation, solid of rotation is placed on a coupling arrangement of tower bar upper end, on coupling arrangement, under plane and solid of rotation, between surface of revolution, with thrust ball bearing and magnetic levitation system, isolate, thrust ball bearing and magnetic levitation system as shown in Figure 2, on solid of rotation central shaft, upper/lower terminal respectively has a cylindrical bearing to be fixed in coupling arrangement, guarantees that solid of rotation freely rotates around vertical axis.In coupling arrangement, also install in addition one the electromagnetic brake of solid of rotation and the anti-rotation body being fixed on solid of rotation running shaft are toppled over to release unit.Reliable performance of the present invention, stable, simple in structure, easy to manufacture, cost is low, not fragile, durable in use, for ease of maintenaince.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe technical characteristics of the present invention:

The sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1, the vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve;

The plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2, thrust ball bearing and magnetic levitation system.In figure:

1, rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel; 2 stator Da Lie formula wind wheels, 3, generator; 4, solid of rotation; 5, thrust ball bearing; 6, magnetic levitation system; 7, cylindrical bearing; 8, electromagnetic brake; 9, anti-rotation body is toppled over release unit; 10, coupling arrangement; 11, collector ring; 12, tenminal block; 13, tower bar; 14, air velocity transducer; 15, PLC controller; 16, ballast

Specific embodiments

As shown in drawings, the wind speed that records the residing environment of wind-power generating system when air velocity transducer (14) is greater than the predetermined starting wind velocity of blower fan (for example wind speed 2 meter per seconds), PLC controller (15) obtains after starting order, electromagnetic coil in magnetic levitation system (6) is switched on, in magnetic levitation system (6) gap, pole polarity is identical relatively, produce repulsive force, the solid of rotation (4) that has made to fix generator (3) is in maglev state, solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10) have direct level contacts except cylindrical bearing (7) and collector ring (11), without any vertical contact, resisting moment is very little, central shaft rotation at stator wind wheel (2) wind-force moment loading stator around generator (3), rotor wind wheel (1) wind-force moment loading rotor is around the central shaft counterrotating of generator (3).The electric current that generator (3) sends is transferred to and is filled out stream device (16) and become direct current DC output by collector ring (11), battery charging or inverter inversion can be passed to, the ac power supply of constant frequency and constant voltage can be reverse into by two kinds of inverters (grid type and from net type).This method of operation is the mode of working in low wind speed power curve.Also need explanation, because wind-force is unbalanced, be in generator (3) system of magnetic suspension state partly, have small size swing, for preventing solid of rotation (4) and the collision of coupling arrangement (10) plane, in the middle of them, settle a thrust ball bearing (5).The wind speed that records the residing environment of wind-power generating system when air velocity transducer (14) is greater than the wind speed (for example wind speed 8 meter per seconds) that the predetermined starting of blower fan is worked in high wind speed power curve, PLC controller (15) obtains after starting order, to the electromagnetic coil power-off in magnetic levitation system (6), electromagnetic coil in electromagnetic brake (8) is switched on, motor (3) stator of stator wind wheel (2) effect just stops operating, and only has rotor wind wheel (1) wind-force moment loading rotor around the central shaft rotation of generator (3).This method of operation is the mode of working in high wind speed power curve.According to the variation of wind speed, the above two kinds of working methods of wind-power generating system circulation.The design of two kinds of wind speed power curve, formulates according to the nominal parameter of generator (3) and wind wheel (1) (2) parameter.

Claims

1. the vertical axis wind power generation system of the two wind speed power curve work of pair wind wheel, mainly contains rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel (1), stator Da Lie formula wind wheel (2), generator (3), solid of rotation (4), thrust ball bearing (5), magnetic levitation system (6), cylindrical bearing (7), electromagnetic brake (8), anti-rotation body is toppled over release unit (9), coupling arrangement (10), collector ring (11), tenminal block (12), tower bar (13), air velocity transducer (14), PLC controller (15) and ballast (16) connect and compose by installation and wire, it is characterized in that: be arranged on the rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel (1) on rotor shaft and be arranged on the central shaft opposite direction rotation around generator (3) under the effect of wind-force of stator Da Lie formula wind wheel (2) in stator axis, between the horizontal end face of solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10), by thrust ball bearing (5) and magnetic levitation system (6) isolation, working method is the working method that low wind speed power curve and high wind speed power curve are switched mutually.

2. the vertical axis wind power generation system of the two wind speed power curve work of the as claimed in claim 1 pair of wind wheel, it is characterized in that solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10) have direct level contacts except cylindrical bearing (7) and collector ring (11), without any vertical contact, in coupling arrangement (10), also install one the electromagnetic brake of solid of rotation (4) (8) and the anti-rotation body that is fixed on solid of rotation (4) running shaft are toppled over to release unit (4).

3. the vertical axis wind power generation system of the two wind speed power curve work of the as claimed in claim 1 pair of wind wheel, it is characterized in that the wind velocity signal of PLC controller (15) by gathering air velocity transducer (14), to its break-make of Current Control in the electromagnetic coil of magnetic levitation system (6) and electromagnetic brake (8), realize the mutual switching of wind-power generating system low wind speed power curve working method and high wind speed power curve working method.