CA2353073C - Combined multi-fuel electrical generator and method - Google Patents
Combined multi-fuel electrical generator and method Download PDFInfo
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- CA2353073C CA2353073C CA002353073A CA2353073A CA2353073C CA 2353073 C CA2353073 C CA 2353073C CA 002353073 A CA002353073 A CA 002353073A CA 2353073 A CA2353073 A CA 2353073A CA 2353073 C CA2353073 C CA 2353073C
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05D2220/72—Application in combination with a steam turbine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
- Y02T50/678—Aviation using fuels of non-fossil origin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Two adjacent electrical power generator plants with one plant utilizing natural gas while the other plant may also use natural gas or other fuels typically waste bio-mass fuels, for fuelling both steam turbine driven and gas turbine driven electrical generators.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
A multi-stage combined electrical power generator plants with one plant utilizing natural gas while the other plant may also use natural gas or other fuels typically waste bio-mass fuels, for fuelling both steam turbine driven and gas turbine driven electrical generators. Use of conventional fuels such as coal and oil is eliminated or substantially reduced thereby reducing the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere and prolonging the remaining life of such to conventional fuels as are available, for other uses, and increasing the efficiency of the generating station, for given unit volumes of fuels.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Existing conventional power stations, other than hydro electrical stations, are presently fired by regulated thermal fuels typically fossil fuel sources such as coal and oil. Nuclear fuelled stations are also included within this class.
Such systems are considered major polluters of the environment. Burning of fossil fuel, is considered to be the predominant producer of greenhouse gases.
Since fossil fuels are non-renewable, continued use of these sources are taxing on the environment. The lifetime of the available sourcEa of these fuels is being a o seriously eroded by use for electrical generators.
Nuclear fuel presents a different but no less significant set of hazards, which are well know and require no repetition. It would be desirable to use alternative fuel sources that would be less taxing on the environment and would burn cleaner and therefore reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. This would also have the effect of reducing the demand on existing sources of conventional fuels, thereby prolonging their availability for other uses.
O1MODAPP.CAN
It would also reduce problems of replacing ageing nuclE;ar plant. Use of less conventional fuels such as natural gas, and bio-mass fuel materials would be advantageous. Throughout this document, for ease of explanation, the term "bio-mass fuel" is used to encompass such items as wood waste materials such as wood chips, wood shavings, and saw dust, construction material and the like, land fill gas, digester gas and the like. Such bio-mass rnaterials at present have few useful functions, and in many cases are treated as 'waste to be simply disposed of in landfill and the like. Natural gas has many advantages over more conventional fuels such as coal or oil, or even nuclear, but its use has not been to widely employed, due in part to the capital cost of building new plant.
Using such fuels for electrical generators would both provided a real use for such materials, and also solve the problem of disposal of such materials as waste bio-mass materials.
Also there is the ever present problem of ageing equipment. This is true both of conventional electrical generators and also nuclear fuelled generators.
Sooner or later these existing plants must be decommissioned and then replaced . However capital costs of entire new generation plant using conventional fuels make it impractical to close existing old coal or oil fired generators, and replace them with new generators operating on the same fuel 2o systems. In most cases existing plants have been written off in the past.
They have virtually no resale value. The capital cost of new plant must be written off over many years. Consequently the cost to the consumer of electrical power would rise dramatically, if old plants were simply replaced with the same plant over again.
O1MODAPP.CAN 2 However it has been determined that where the new plant uses natural gas or other alternate fuels, in place of conventional fuels, and where the overall efficiency of the new plant is raised above that of the old, then the capital cost may be written off over a shorter time span. This will enable power companies to erect new plant using the advanced technology described herein, and due to the accelerated write-off, the unit power cost to the consumer can be maintained within reasonable limits.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
to The invention seeks to pravide the foregoing improvements by the method of generating electrical power in two adjacent electrical generating power plants , and including the steps of generating electrical power in a steam turbine electrical generator using a fuel selected from bio-mass materials, generating further electrical power by operating at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover connected to an electrical generator, and supplying the electrical power generated by the steam turbine and by the at least one gas turbine to a supply grid, and transferring excess heat from the natural gas plant to the bio-mass fuel plant to augment the steam available to said steam turbine in the bio-mass plant.
2o The invention further seeks to provide such a method of generating electrical power in an electrical generating station, and including the steps of generating electrical power in a steam turbine electrical generator using a fuel selected from bio-mass materials, generating further electrical power k>y operating at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover connected to an electrical generator, O1MODAPP.CAN 3 and supplying the electrical power generated by the steam turbine and by the at least one gas turbine to a supply grid.
The invention further seeks to provide a method of electrical generation, using multiple natural gas turbines each operable to drive an electrical generator, in a single power station, whereby the efficiency of the station may be maintained over a range of power demands, by selectively starting pup or shutting down respective ones of the natural gas turbines, whereby whichever turbine or turbines is in use at any given time will operate at its most efficient capacity.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method bay operating the gas ~o turbine or turbines by continuous introduction of air, compressing the air, introducing natural gas into the compressed air, and igniting the gas and compressed air to create a high pressure exhaust of combustion products of gas and air, driving at least one turbine and turbine shaft, with the shaft being connected to drive the electrical generator to generate electrical power as aforesaid.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method which further comprises passing the hot exhaust gases from the gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam , and passing excess heat therefrom to said steam turbine in said bio-mass fuel plant to augment the steam generated by the bio-a o mass fuel.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method and which further comprises the steps of, connecting the steam outlet of the steam turbine to a condenser and returning the condensate back to the heat recovery steam generator, whereby to recycle calorific values of the waste steam.
O1MODAPP.CAN 4 The invention seeks to achieve the foregoing improvements by providing apparatus for generating electrical power, from a combination of fuels, and having a first steam boiler heated by fuel selected from bio-mass fuels, and a steam turbine electrical generator connected thereto for generating a first electrical supply, at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover, a gas turbine powered electrical generator connected to the gas turbine, for generating a second electrical supply, a heat recovery steam generator connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine to generate steam, and excess heat from said heat recovery steam generator being used to generate further steam to drive the steam turbine electrical generator in the bio-mass plant, whereby to augment the steam generated in the bio-mass steam boiler, 1o thereby increasing the first electrical supply from the steam turbine powered generator, and simultaneously generating a second electrical supply from the gas turbine powered generator.
The invention further seeks to achieve the foregoing improvements by providing apparatus for generating electrical power, from a combination of natural gas turbines, in which the natural gas turbines may be selectively operated or shut down, depending on the power demand at any given time so as to maintain the naturals gas turbines operating at maximum efficiency.
The invention further seeks to provide such an apparatus and having a first steam boiler heated by fuel selected from bio-mass fuels, and a steam turbine electrical generator connected thereto for generating a first electrical supply, at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover, a gas turbine powered electrical generator connected to the gas turbine, 2 o for generating a second electrical supply, a heat recovery steam generator connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine to generate steam, the steam being used to drive the steam 02PATRES.CND
turbine electrical generator in the bio-mass plant, whereby to augment the steam generated in the bio-mass steam boiler, thereby increasing the first electrical supply from the steam turbine powered generator, and simultaneously generating a second electrical supply from the gas turbine powered generator.
The apparatus preferably also includes a steam condenser connected to the steam turbine and connected back to the heat recovery steam generator.
The invention further provides such an apparatus for generating electrical power and including a feed water supply connected to the condenser to make up water for the heat recovery steam generator.
to IN THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates in schematic form two adjacent power generating plants where one plant uses natural gas as fuel while the other plant uses bio-mass fuel. For the purposes of illustrating the invention, and showing in phantom duplicate components which may be provided to providE: increased capacity.;
and , Figure 2 illustrates in schematic form two adjacent power generating plants where both plants use natural gas as fuel. Typically one gas plant would be 2o several time bigger than the adjacent gas plant (for example a 500 MW and the other a 50 to 100 MW plant). For the purposes of illustrating the invention, duplicate components are shown in phantom which may be provided to provide increased capacity.
O1MODAPP.CAN 6 DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
F;eferring generally to Figure 1, it will be seen that the invention is illustrated in the form of firvo adjacent power plants consisting of one bio-mass fuel power plant (10a) and a gas fuelled power plant (10b). Each plant may be duplicated so that there may in fact be one or two or more of each component, the duplicate components being shown in phantom.
E~io-Mass Power Plant.
The bio-mass plant (10a) will be seen to comprises a bio-mass fuel boiler(12) operable with a fuel of the type selected typically from bio-mass materials, particularly waste bio-mass materials, such as wood waste materials such as wood chips, wood shavings, and saw dust land fill gas, digester gas, and the like. Usage of such waste materials solves the problem of disposal of these materials while extracting heating values from them and rE:ducing the consumption of non-renewable resources. Boiler (12) produces steam and is connected to a steam turbine (14).
Turbine (14) drives electrical generator (16) for producing electricity. The electricity is typically sold to a power distribution system of "grid" for use by consumers.
On the other hand it can be supplied to a single consumer, where electrical power is required in very Dirge quantities. Hot exhaust gases from the bio-mass boiler will usually be passed through heat recovery systems, and scrubbers known per se, before being vented to atmosphere through a stack (not shown). After passing over the steam turbine shaft the injected steam is condensed into hot water typically called condensate (15) by a condenser (20).
To this extent therefor the bio-mass plant is similar in many respects to a conventional fuel type thermal generating station. However when combined as a 02PATRES.CND
unit in a multi plant system in the manner described below its efficiency is increased, so that in addition to providing a means of disposal of materials that would otherwise be waste, it is also generates electrical power.
In operation the bio-mass fuels are burned in the boiler (12) to heat up the condensate (15) to create steam. The steam is then injected into a steam turbine (14) causing the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (16;) to produce electricity.
Hot exhaust gases from the bio-mass boiler will usually be passed through heat recovery systems, and scrubbers known per se, before being vented to to atmosphere through a stack (not shown). The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, the injected team is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (15), by the condenser (20). Make up water is added to the condensate (15) to compensate for evaporation and leakage throughout the system. The condensate (15) is then passed through the heat exchanger (36) and it is heated up. The condensate (15) is then pumped (not shown) into the boiler (12) to complete the bio-mass power plant cycle. The condensate (15) is heated up by the heat transfer from the imported steam (34) (described below) via the heat exchanger (35). Having given up its 2o heat, the imported steam (34) is converted to a condensate (42) which is then returned to the natural gas plant (10b) (described below). The imported steam enables the bio-mass plant to increase its electrical output without having the need to burn additional fuel.
O1MODAPP.CAN
Natural Gas Power Plant.
The natural gas power plant (10b) comprises at least one, and in this case two, natural gas turbines (22), the second such turbine being shown in phantom.
Two or more turbines are preferably provided in order to allow for shutting down one unit for maintenance and the like, or to provide a means of regulating power generation so as to match the supply to the demand at any given time . This enables each of the natural gas turbines to be operated at maximum efficiency over a wide range of demands for power.
Each gas turbine (22) is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans.
Natural gas is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The combustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration.
In this embodiment the shaft not shown of each gas turbine (22 ) is mechanically coupled by any suitable transmission to a respective electrical generator (26).
The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbine (2c!) are ducted to respective heat recovery steam generators (28). Heat 'from the hot exhaust gases is used to heat the combined condensate (43) to create steam. The 2o exhaust from the heat recovery steam generator is vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown). The heat recovery steam generators (28) supply steam to a steam turbine (30), which drives electrical generator (32).
Some steam from the heat recovery steam generator (28) is ducted to a heat exchanger (36) located, in this example for illustration only, in bio-mass plant (10a).
O1MODAPP.CAN
It will of course be understood that the heat exchanger (36) could equally well be located in the natural gas plant (10b) , without in any way changing its function.
The remaining portion of the steam (35) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (28) is then injected into the steam turbine (30). The injected steam (35) cause the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (32) to produce Electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (41 ), by the condenser (40). Condensate (42) to which is returned from the bio-mass plant is combined with condensate (41 ) to result in a combined condensate (43). Make up water is added to the combined condensate (43) to compensate for evaporation and leakage. The combined condensate (43) is then pumped (not shown) into the hE:at recovery steam generator (28) completing the natural gas plant cycle.
An alternate embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig 2.
In this embodiment there are two plants of two different capacities namely the smaller plant (100) and the second larger plant (200), both of which operate on natural gas as the fuel. The reason there may be two different plants may be historical, or may be due to lack of funds , or ownership.. However when zo connected together as described below greater efficiencies are achieved than in either plant on its own.
Smaller Natural Gas Plant.
Plant (100) has one (or more indicated in phantom) gas turbines) (102) each of which is connected by a suitable transmission to a respective electrical generator O1MODAPP.CAN I O
(104) which are in turn connected to supply power to consumers represented as the grid.
Each gas turbine is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans. Natural gas is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The combustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration.
The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbine (102) are ducted to respective heat recovery steam generators (106). Heat from the hot exhaust to gases is used to create steam (108). The exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator (106) are vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown).
The steam (108) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (106) is then injected into the steam turbine (110). The injected steam causes the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (112) to produce electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
Hot exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator will usually be passed through scrubbers known per se, before being vented to atmosphere 2o through a stack (not shown).
After passing over the steam turbine (110) , the injected steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (114), by the condenser (116). Make up water is added to the condensate to compensate for evaporation and leakage throughout the system. The condensate is then passed through the heat exchanger (118) and it is heatE:d up. The condensate O1MODAPP.CAN O 1 is then pumped (not shown) into the heat recovery steam generator (106) to complete the smaller power plant cycle.
The condensate is heated up by the heat transfer from the imported steam (209) (described below) via the heat exchanger (118). Having given up its heat, the imported steam (209) is converted to a condensate (221 )(described below) which is then returned to the larger natural gas plant (200) (described below).
The imported steam enables the smaller natural gas plant to increase its electrical output without having the need to burn additional fuel.
Larger Natural Gas Plant ..
The larger natural gas power plant (200) comprises at least one, and in this case two, natural gas turbines (202), the second such turbine being shown in phantom. The turbines (202) drive respective electrical generators (204). Two or more turbines are preferably provided in order to allow for shutting down one unit for maintenance and the like, or to provide a means of regulating power generation so as to match the supply to the demand at .any given time. This enables each of the natural gas turbines to be operated at maximum efficiency over a wide range of demands for power.
Each gas turbine is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans. Natural gas ao is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The cornbustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration. The turbine The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbines (202) are ducted to in known manner to respective heat recovery steam generators (206). Heat from the hot exhaust gases is used to heat the combined condensate (208) to create O1MODAPP.CAN 12 steam. The exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator is vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown).
Some fraction (209) of the total steam exiting from the heat recovery steam generator (206) is ducted, to a heat exchanger (118) located, in this example for illustration only, in the smaller natural gas plant (100).
It will of course be understood that the heat exchanger (118) could equally well be located in the larger natural gas plant (200), without in any way changing its function.
The steam (212) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (206) is the injected into the steam turbine (214). The injected steam (212) cause the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine (214) is connected to an electrical generator (216) to produce electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (218), by the condenser (220). Condensate (221 ) from the heat exchanger (118) is returned from the smaller natural gas plant is combined with condensate (218) to result in a combined condensate (208).
Make up water is added to the combined condensate (208) to compensate for evaporation and leakage. The combine condensate (208) is then pumped (not shown) into the heat recovery steam generator (206) completing the large natural gas plant cycle.
Typically one gas plant would be several time bigger than the adjacent gas plant (for example a 500 MW and the other a 50 to 100 MW plant).
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is given here by way of example only. The invention is not to be taken as limited 02PATRES.CND
to any of the specific features as described, but comprehends all such variations thereof as come within the scope of the appended claims.
O 1MODAPP . CAN I ''f
A multi-stage combined electrical power generator plants with one plant utilizing natural gas while the other plant may also use natural gas or other fuels typically waste bio-mass fuels, for fuelling both steam turbine driven and gas turbine driven electrical generators. Use of conventional fuels such as coal and oil is eliminated or substantially reduced thereby reducing the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere and prolonging the remaining life of such to conventional fuels as are available, for other uses, and increasing the efficiency of the generating station, for given unit volumes of fuels.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Existing conventional power stations, other than hydro electrical stations, are presently fired by regulated thermal fuels typically fossil fuel sources such as coal and oil. Nuclear fuelled stations are also included within this class.
Such systems are considered major polluters of the environment. Burning of fossil fuel, is considered to be the predominant producer of greenhouse gases.
Since fossil fuels are non-renewable, continued use of these sources are taxing on the environment. The lifetime of the available sourcEa of these fuels is being a o seriously eroded by use for electrical generators.
Nuclear fuel presents a different but no less significant set of hazards, which are well know and require no repetition. It would be desirable to use alternative fuel sources that would be less taxing on the environment and would burn cleaner and therefore reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. This would also have the effect of reducing the demand on existing sources of conventional fuels, thereby prolonging their availability for other uses.
O1MODAPP.CAN
It would also reduce problems of replacing ageing nuclE;ar plant. Use of less conventional fuels such as natural gas, and bio-mass fuel materials would be advantageous. Throughout this document, for ease of explanation, the term "bio-mass fuel" is used to encompass such items as wood waste materials such as wood chips, wood shavings, and saw dust, construction material and the like, land fill gas, digester gas and the like. Such bio-mass rnaterials at present have few useful functions, and in many cases are treated as 'waste to be simply disposed of in landfill and the like. Natural gas has many advantages over more conventional fuels such as coal or oil, or even nuclear, but its use has not been to widely employed, due in part to the capital cost of building new plant.
Using such fuels for electrical generators would both provided a real use for such materials, and also solve the problem of disposal of such materials as waste bio-mass materials.
Also there is the ever present problem of ageing equipment. This is true both of conventional electrical generators and also nuclear fuelled generators.
Sooner or later these existing plants must be decommissioned and then replaced . However capital costs of entire new generation plant using conventional fuels make it impractical to close existing old coal or oil fired generators, and replace them with new generators operating on the same fuel 2o systems. In most cases existing plants have been written off in the past.
They have virtually no resale value. The capital cost of new plant must be written off over many years. Consequently the cost to the consumer of electrical power would rise dramatically, if old plants were simply replaced with the same plant over again.
O1MODAPP.CAN 2 However it has been determined that where the new plant uses natural gas or other alternate fuels, in place of conventional fuels, and where the overall efficiency of the new plant is raised above that of the old, then the capital cost may be written off over a shorter time span. This will enable power companies to erect new plant using the advanced technology described herein, and due to the accelerated write-off, the unit power cost to the consumer can be maintained within reasonable limits.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
to The invention seeks to pravide the foregoing improvements by the method of generating electrical power in two adjacent electrical generating power plants , and including the steps of generating electrical power in a steam turbine electrical generator using a fuel selected from bio-mass materials, generating further electrical power by operating at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover connected to an electrical generator, and supplying the electrical power generated by the steam turbine and by the at least one gas turbine to a supply grid, and transferring excess heat from the natural gas plant to the bio-mass fuel plant to augment the steam available to said steam turbine in the bio-mass plant.
2o The invention further seeks to provide such a method of generating electrical power in an electrical generating station, and including the steps of generating electrical power in a steam turbine electrical generator using a fuel selected from bio-mass materials, generating further electrical power k>y operating at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover connected to an electrical generator, O1MODAPP.CAN 3 and supplying the electrical power generated by the steam turbine and by the at least one gas turbine to a supply grid.
The invention further seeks to provide a method of electrical generation, using multiple natural gas turbines each operable to drive an electrical generator, in a single power station, whereby the efficiency of the station may be maintained over a range of power demands, by selectively starting pup or shutting down respective ones of the natural gas turbines, whereby whichever turbine or turbines is in use at any given time will operate at its most efficient capacity.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method bay operating the gas ~o turbine or turbines by continuous introduction of air, compressing the air, introducing natural gas into the compressed air, and igniting the gas and compressed air to create a high pressure exhaust of combustion products of gas and air, driving at least one turbine and turbine shaft, with the shaft being connected to drive the electrical generator to generate electrical power as aforesaid.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method which further comprises passing the hot exhaust gases from the gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam , and passing excess heat therefrom to said steam turbine in said bio-mass fuel plant to augment the steam generated by the bio-a o mass fuel.
The invention further seeks to provide such a method and which further comprises the steps of, connecting the steam outlet of the steam turbine to a condenser and returning the condensate back to the heat recovery steam generator, whereby to recycle calorific values of the waste steam.
O1MODAPP.CAN 4 The invention seeks to achieve the foregoing improvements by providing apparatus for generating electrical power, from a combination of fuels, and having a first steam boiler heated by fuel selected from bio-mass fuels, and a steam turbine electrical generator connected thereto for generating a first electrical supply, at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover, a gas turbine powered electrical generator connected to the gas turbine, for generating a second electrical supply, a heat recovery steam generator connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine to generate steam, and excess heat from said heat recovery steam generator being used to generate further steam to drive the steam turbine electrical generator in the bio-mass plant, whereby to augment the steam generated in the bio-mass steam boiler, 1o thereby increasing the first electrical supply from the steam turbine powered generator, and simultaneously generating a second electrical supply from the gas turbine powered generator.
The invention further seeks to achieve the foregoing improvements by providing apparatus for generating electrical power, from a combination of natural gas turbines, in which the natural gas turbines may be selectively operated or shut down, depending on the power demand at any given time so as to maintain the naturals gas turbines operating at maximum efficiency.
The invention further seeks to provide such an apparatus and having a first steam boiler heated by fuel selected from bio-mass fuels, and a steam turbine electrical generator connected thereto for generating a first electrical supply, at least one natural gas fuelled gas turbine prime mover, a gas turbine powered electrical generator connected to the gas turbine, 2 o for generating a second electrical supply, a heat recovery steam generator connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine to generate steam, the steam being used to drive the steam 02PATRES.CND
turbine electrical generator in the bio-mass plant, whereby to augment the steam generated in the bio-mass steam boiler, thereby increasing the first electrical supply from the steam turbine powered generator, and simultaneously generating a second electrical supply from the gas turbine powered generator.
The apparatus preferably also includes a steam condenser connected to the steam turbine and connected back to the heat recovery steam generator.
The invention further provides such an apparatus for generating electrical power and including a feed water supply connected to the condenser to make up water for the heat recovery steam generator.
to IN THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates in schematic form two adjacent power generating plants where one plant uses natural gas as fuel while the other plant uses bio-mass fuel. For the purposes of illustrating the invention, and showing in phantom duplicate components which may be provided to providE: increased capacity.;
and , Figure 2 illustrates in schematic form two adjacent power generating plants where both plants use natural gas as fuel. Typically one gas plant would be 2o several time bigger than the adjacent gas plant (for example a 500 MW and the other a 50 to 100 MW plant). For the purposes of illustrating the invention, duplicate components are shown in phantom which may be provided to provide increased capacity.
O1MODAPP.CAN 6 DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
F;eferring generally to Figure 1, it will be seen that the invention is illustrated in the form of firvo adjacent power plants consisting of one bio-mass fuel power plant (10a) and a gas fuelled power plant (10b). Each plant may be duplicated so that there may in fact be one or two or more of each component, the duplicate components being shown in phantom.
E~io-Mass Power Plant.
The bio-mass plant (10a) will be seen to comprises a bio-mass fuel boiler(12) operable with a fuel of the type selected typically from bio-mass materials, particularly waste bio-mass materials, such as wood waste materials such as wood chips, wood shavings, and saw dust land fill gas, digester gas, and the like. Usage of such waste materials solves the problem of disposal of these materials while extracting heating values from them and rE:ducing the consumption of non-renewable resources. Boiler (12) produces steam and is connected to a steam turbine (14).
Turbine (14) drives electrical generator (16) for producing electricity. The electricity is typically sold to a power distribution system of "grid" for use by consumers.
On the other hand it can be supplied to a single consumer, where electrical power is required in very Dirge quantities. Hot exhaust gases from the bio-mass boiler will usually be passed through heat recovery systems, and scrubbers known per se, before being vented to atmosphere through a stack (not shown). After passing over the steam turbine shaft the injected steam is condensed into hot water typically called condensate (15) by a condenser (20).
To this extent therefor the bio-mass plant is similar in many respects to a conventional fuel type thermal generating station. However when combined as a 02PATRES.CND
unit in a multi plant system in the manner described below its efficiency is increased, so that in addition to providing a means of disposal of materials that would otherwise be waste, it is also generates electrical power.
In operation the bio-mass fuels are burned in the boiler (12) to heat up the condensate (15) to create steam. The steam is then injected into a steam turbine (14) causing the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (16;) to produce electricity.
Hot exhaust gases from the bio-mass boiler will usually be passed through heat recovery systems, and scrubbers known per se, before being vented to to atmosphere through a stack (not shown). The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, the injected team is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (15), by the condenser (20). Make up water is added to the condensate (15) to compensate for evaporation and leakage throughout the system. The condensate (15) is then passed through the heat exchanger (36) and it is heated up. The condensate (15) is then pumped (not shown) into the boiler (12) to complete the bio-mass power plant cycle. The condensate (15) is heated up by the heat transfer from the imported steam (34) (described below) via the heat exchanger (35). Having given up its 2o heat, the imported steam (34) is converted to a condensate (42) which is then returned to the natural gas plant (10b) (described below). The imported steam enables the bio-mass plant to increase its electrical output without having the need to burn additional fuel.
O1MODAPP.CAN
Natural Gas Power Plant.
The natural gas power plant (10b) comprises at least one, and in this case two, natural gas turbines (22), the second such turbine being shown in phantom.
Two or more turbines are preferably provided in order to allow for shutting down one unit for maintenance and the like, or to provide a means of regulating power generation so as to match the supply to the demand at any given time . This enables each of the natural gas turbines to be operated at maximum efficiency over a wide range of demands for power.
Each gas turbine (22) is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans.
Natural gas is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The combustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration.
In this embodiment the shaft not shown of each gas turbine (22 ) is mechanically coupled by any suitable transmission to a respective electrical generator (26).
The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbine (2c!) are ducted to respective heat recovery steam generators (28). Heat 'from the hot exhaust gases is used to heat the combined condensate (43) to create steam. The 2o exhaust from the heat recovery steam generator is vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown). The heat recovery steam generators (28) supply steam to a steam turbine (30), which drives electrical generator (32).
Some steam from the heat recovery steam generator (28) is ducted to a heat exchanger (36) located, in this example for illustration only, in bio-mass plant (10a).
O1MODAPP.CAN
It will of course be understood that the heat exchanger (36) could equally well be located in the natural gas plant (10b) , without in any way changing its function.
The remaining portion of the steam (35) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (28) is then injected into the steam turbine (30). The injected steam (35) cause the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (32) to produce Electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (41 ), by the condenser (40). Condensate (42) to which is returned from the bio-mass plant is combined with condensate (41 ) to result in a combined condensate (43). Make up water is added to the combined condensate (43) to compensate for evaporation and leakage. The combined condensate (43) is then pumped (not shown) into the hE:at recovery steam generator (28) completing the natural gas plant cycle.
An alternate embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig 2.
In this embodiment there are two plants of two different capacities namely the smaller plant (100) and the second larger plant (200), both of which operate on natural gas as the fuel. The reason there may be two different plants may be historical, or may be due to lack of funds , or ownership.. However when zo connected together as described below greater efficiencies are achieved than in either plant on its own.
Smaller Natural Gas Plant.
Plant (100) has one (or more indicated in phantom) gas turbines) (102) each of which is connected by a suitable transmission to a respective electrical generator O1MODAPP.CAN I O
(104) which are in turn connected to supply power to consumers represented as the grid.
Each gas turbine is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans. Natural gas is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The combustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration.
The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbine (102) are ducted to respective heat recovery steam generators (106). Heat from the hot exhaust to gases is used to create steam (108). The exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator (106) are vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown).
The steam (108) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (106) is then injected into the steam turbine (110). The injected steam causes the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine shaft is connected to an electrical generator (112) to produce electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
Hot exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator will usually be passed through scrubbers known per se, before being vented to atmosphere 2o through a stack (not shown).
After passing over the steam turbine (110) , the injected steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (114), by the condenser (116). Make up water is added to the condensate to compensate for evaporation and leakage throughout the system. The condensate is then passed through the heat exchanger (118) and it is heatE:d up. The condensate O1MODAPP.CAN O 1 is then pumped (not shown) into the heat recovery steam generator (106) to complete the smaller power plant cycle.
The condensate is heated up by the heat transfer from the imported steam (209) (described below) via the heat exchanger (118). Having given up its heat, the imported steam (209) is converted to a condensate (221 )(described below) which is then returned to the larger natural gas plant (200) (described below).
The imported steam enables the smaller natural gas plant to increase its electrical output without having the need to burn additional fuel.
Larger Natural Gas Plant ..
The larger natural gas power plant (200) comprises at least one, and in this case two, natural gas turbines (202), the second such turbine being shown in phantom. The turbines (202) drive respective electrical generators (204). Two or more turbines are preferably provided in order to allow for shutting down one unit for maintenance and the like, or to provide a means of regulating power generation so as to match the supply to the demand at .any given time. This enables each of the natural gas turbines to be operated at maximum efficiency over a wide range of demands for power.
Each gas turbine is of conventional construction, similar in many respects to an aircraft jet engine. Air is inducted and compressed by intake fans. Natural gas ao is injected into the compressed air and ignited. The cornbustion products then pass through sets of turbine blades mounted on a central turbine shaft (not shown). All of this is well known and requires no illustration. The turbine The hot exhaust gases exiting from the gas turbines (202) are ducted to in known manner to respective heat recovery steam generators (206). Heat from the hot exhaust gases is used to heat the combined condensate (208) to create O1MODAPP.CAN 12 steam. The exhaust gases from the heat recovery steam generator is vented to the atmosphere via an exhaust flue (not shown).
Some fraction (209) of the total steam exiting from the heat recovery steam generator (206) is ducted, to a heat exchanger (118) located, in this example for illustration only, in the smaller natural gas plant (100).
It will of course be understood that the heat exchanger (118) could equally well be located in the larger natural gas plant (200), without in any way changing its function.
The steam (212) produced by the heat recovery steam generator (206) is the injected into the steam turbine (214). The injected steam (212) cause the steam turbine shaft (not shown) to spin. The steam turbine (214) is connected to an electrical generator (216) to produce electricity. The electricity is then exported to the consumer typically using a grid.
After passing over the steam turbine shaft, steam is then condensed into hot water, typically called condensate (218), by the condenser (220). Condensate (221 ) from the heat exchanger (118) is returned from the smaller natural gas plant is combined with condensate (218) to result in a combined condensate (208).
Make up water is added to the combined condensate (208) to compensate for evaporation and leakage. The combine condensate (208) is then pumped (not shown) into the heat recovery steam generator (206) completing the large natural gas plant cycle.
Typically one gas plant would be several time bigger than the adjacent gas plant (for example a 500 MW and the other a 50 to 100 MW plant).
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is given here by way of example only. The invention is not to be taken as limited 02PATRES.CND
to any of the specific features as described, but comprehends all such variations thereof as come within the scope of the appended claims.
O 1MODAPP . CAN I ''f
Claims (22)
1. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels, including bio-mass type fuels and natural gas and comprising the steps of;
operating a bio-mass fuel boiler to generate first steam;
using said first steam to drive a first steam turbine to operate a first electrical generator, for generating a bio-mass electrical supply;
operating at least one natural gas turbine and generator to generate natural gas electrical supply, said natural gas turbine discharging hot exhaust gases;
communicating said hot exhaust gases from said at least one natural gas turbine to at least one heat recovery steam generator, to generate supplementary steam ; and, communicating supplementary steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to augment steam from said bio-mass boiler supplied to said first turbine.
operating a bio-mass fuel boiler to generate first steam;
using said first steam to drive a first steam turbine to operate a first electrical generator, for generating a bio-mass electrical supply;
operating at least one natural gas turbine and generator to generate natural gas electrical supply, said natural gas turbine discharging hot exhaust gases;
communicating said hot exhaust gases from said at least one natural gas turbine to at least one heat recovery steam generator, to generate supplementary steam ; and, communicating supplementary steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to augment steam from said bio-mass boiler supplied to said first turbine.
2. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 1, and further comprising the steps of, generating excess steam in said heat recovery steam generator and connecting said excess steam to a second steam turbine driving a generator whereby to recycle calorific values of the excess steam.
3. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 2, and further comprising the steps of operating the at least one natural gas turbine by continuos introduction of air, compressing the air, introducing gas into said compressed air, and igniting the gas and compressed air to create a high pressure exhaust of combustion products of gas and air, from said gas turbine, and transmitting torque from said at least one gas turbine to drive said at least one electrical generator to generate electrical power as aforesaid.
4. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 2, and further comprising the steps of introducing feed water to a said heat recovery steam generator, and preheating said feed water with steam exiting from said second steam turbine.
5. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 1, and further comprising the steps of, operating two said natural gas turbines, to drive two said electrical generators, and passing hot exhaust gases from respective said natural gas turbines to respective said heat recovery steam generators, and using steam therefrom to drive said second steam turbines for driving said electrical generators .
6 The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said bio-mass fuel is selected from wood, chips, wood shavings, wood dust, wood waste, land fill gas, digester gas, and the like.
7. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of fuels as claimed in Claim 2, and further comprising the steps of passing steam exiting from said bio-mass steam turbine to a heat exchanger for preheating feed water for said bio-mass boiler and simultaneously passing steam exiting from said second steam turbine generator through said heat exchanger whereby to recycle calorific values thereof.
8. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, including, a first plant using natural gas fuels and a second plant using natural gas , and comprising the steps of;
operating at least one first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant to operate at least one first plant electrical generator, for generating a first plant electrical supply;
conducting hot exhaust gases from said at least one first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam;
operating a second first plant electrical generator in said first plant by recovery steam from said heat recovery steam generator to generate a further first plant electrical supply ;
operating at least one second plant gas turbine in said second plant to drive at least one second plant electrical generator to generate a second plant electrical supply ;
conducting hot exhaust gases from said at least one second plant natural gas turbine in said second plant to at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator to generate second plant recovery steam ; and, conducting recovery steam from said at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator to augment steam from said first plant heat recovery steam generator for driving said second first plant electrical generator.
operating at least one first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant to operate at least one first plant electrical generator, for generating a first plant electrical supply;
conducting hot exhaust gases from said at least one first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam;
operating a second first plant electrical generator in said first plant by recovery steam from said heat recovery steam generator to generate a further first plant electrical supply ;
operating at least one second plant gas turbine in said second plant to drive at least one second plant electrical generator to generate a second plant electrical supply ;
conducting hot exhaust gases from said at least one second plant natural gas turbine in said second plant to at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator to generate second plant recovery steam ; and, conducting recovery steam from said at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator to augment steam from said first plant heat recovery steam generator for driving said second first plant electrical generator.
9. The method of generating electrical power from a combination electrical generator plants as claimed in claim 8 ,and including the step of conducting steam from said second plant heat recovery steam generator to a further second plant electrical generator and driving the same to produce a further second plant electrical supply.
10. Apparatus for generating electrical power in a multi-fuel electrical generating station, from bio-mass fuels and natural gas and comprising ;
a bio-mass type fuel boiler for generating bio-mass steam;
a bio-mass steam turbine connected to said bio-mass fuel boiler;
a bio-mass electrical generator driven by said bio-mass steam turbine , operable to generate a bio-mass electrical supply;
at least one natural gas turbine ;
at least one natural gas turbine powered electrical generator, connected to said at least one natural gas turbine ,to generate a first natural gas electrical supply ;
at least one heat recovery steam generator receiving hot exhaust gases from said natural gas turbine and generating recovery steam;
and a recovery steam connection between said heat recovery steam generator and said bio-mass steam turbine whereby to utilise recovery steam generated from said hot exhaust gases from said at least one natural gas turbine to augment bio-mass steam from said bio-mass boiler.
a bio-mass type fuel boiler for generating bio-mass steam;
a bio-mass steam turbine connected to said bio-mass fuel boiler;
a bio-mass electrical generator driven by said bio-mass steam turbine , operable to generate a bio-mass electrical supply;
at least one natural gas turbine ;
at least one natural gas turbine powered electrical generator, connected to said at least one natural gas turbine ,to generate a first natural gas electrical supply ;
at least one heat recovery steam generator receiving hot exhaust gases from said natural gas turbine and generating recovery steam;
and a recovery steam connection between said heat recovery steam generator and said bio-mass steam turbine whereby to utilise recovery steam generated from said hot exhaust gases from said at least one natural gas turbine to augment bio-mass steam from said bio-mass boiler.
11.Apparatus for generating electrical power in a multi-fuel electrical generating station, as claimed in Claim 10, and including a feed water supply connected to said at least one heat recovery steam generator.
12. Apparatus for generating electrical power in a multi-fuel electrical generating station, as claimed in claim 11 and including a natural gas steam turbine connected to said at least one heat recovery steam generator and a electrical generator driven by said natural gas steam turbine for generating a second natural gas electrical supply.
13. Apparatus for generating electrical power in a multi-fuel electrical generating station, as claimed in claim 12 and including two said natural gas turbines, and two said heat recovery steam generators, and two said electrical generators driven by said natural gas turbines , said two heat recovery steam generators being connected to supply steam to two said natural gas steam turbines driving two said electrical generators to generate said second natural gas electrical supply.
14. Apparatus for generating electrical power in a multi-fuel electrical generating station, as claimed in claim 13 and including a heat exchanger connected to receive steam and condensate exiting from said bio-mass turbine , and to receive steam exiting from said steam turbine for recycling calorific values thereof.
15 Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generation plants, including, a first plant using natural gas fuels and a second plant using natural gas and comprising ;
a first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant driving a first plant electrical generator to generate a first plant electrical supply ;
a heat recovery steam generator connected to receive hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine and generate recovery steam;
a first plant steam turbine connected to said heat recovery steam generator to receive recovery steam therefrom;
a further first plant electrical generator driven by said first plant steam turbine , operable to generate a further first plant electrical supply;
at least one second plant natural gas turbine ;
at least one second plant natural gas turbine powered electrical generator, connected to said at least one second plant natural gas turbine , to generate a second plant electrical supply; and, at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator receiving hot exhaust gases from said second plant natural gas turbine and generating recovery steam;
and a second plant steam connection between said second plant heat recovery steam generator and said first plant steam turbine whereby to utilise recovery steam generated from said hot exhaust gases from said at least one second plant natural gas turbine.
a first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant driving a first plant electrical generator to generate a first plant electrical supply ;
a heat recovery steam generator connected to receive hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine and generate recovery steam;
a first plant steam turbine connected to said heat recovery steam generator to receive recovery steam therefrom;
a further first plant electrical generator driven by said first plant steam turbine , operable to generate a further first plant electrical supply;
at least one second plant natural gas turbine ;
at least one second plant natural gas turbine powered electrical generator, connected to said at least one second plant natural gas turbine , to generate a second plant electrical supply; and, at least one second plant heat recovery steam generator receiving hot exhaust gases from said second plant natural gas turbine and generating recovery steam;
and a second plant steam connection between said second plant heat recovery steam generator and said first plant steam turbine whereby to utilise recovery steam generated from said hot exhaust gases from said at least one second plant natural gas turbine.
16.Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, as claimed in claim 15 and further including at least one first plant steam turbine and at least one first plant further electrical generator driven by said first plant steam turbine for generating a further first plant electrical supply.
17.Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, as claimed in claim 15, and including a heat exchanger connected to receive steam from said first plant and transfer heat values therefrom to generate steam for supply to said second plant.
18.Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, as claimed in claim 17 wherein said heat exchanger is located in said second plant, and wherein steam is received from said heat recovery steam generator of said first plant, for exchange of heating values therefrom, and wherein condensate is received in said heat exchanger from said second plant natural gas steam turbine and takes up said heating values from said steam, to generate steam for said second plant.
19. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, including, a first plant , and a second plant, and comprising the steps of;
operating at least one first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant, and thereby driving a first plant electrical generator, said first plant natural gas turbine creating hot exhaust gases ;
conducting said first plant hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam;
communicating said recovery steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to said second plant ;
operating at least one steam turbine in said second plant using said recovery steam, and thereby driving at least one second plant electrical generator using power to generate a second plant electrical supply.
operating at least one first plant natural gas turbine in said first plant, and thereby driving a first plant electrical generator, said first plant natural gas turbine creating hot exhaust gases ;
conducting said first plant hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam;
communicating said recovery steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to said second plant ;
operating at least one steam turbine in said second plant using said recovery steam, and thereby driving at least one second plant electrical generator using power to generate a second plant electrical supply.
20. The method of generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants as claimed in claim 19 and including the step of condensing steam from said second plant steam generator, and communicating said condensed steam to said first plant heat recovery steam generator.
21. Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants, including, a first plant, and a second plant, and comprising ;
at least one natural gas turbine in said first plant operating at least one electrical generator, for generating a first plant electrical supply, said first plant gas turbine creating hot exhaust gases;
means for conducting said hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam means for communicating said recovery steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to said second plant;
at least one second plant steam turbine in said second plant using said first plant recovery steam and being operable to drive at least one second electrical generator to generate a second plant electrical supply.
at least one natural gas turbine in said first plant operating at least one electrical generator, for generating a first plant electrical supply, said first plant gas turbine creating hot exhaust gases;
means for conducting said hot exhaust gases from said first plant gas turbine to a heat recovery steam generator to generate recovery steam means for communicating said recovery steam from said at least one heat recovery steam generator to said second plant;
at least one second plant steam turbine in said second plant using said first plant recovery steam and being operable to drive at least one second electrical generator to generate a second plant electrical supply.
22. Apparatus for generating electrical power from a combination of electrical generator plants as claimed in claim 21 and including means for condensing steam from said second plant steam generator, and means for communicating said condensed steam to said first plant heat recovery steam generator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002353073A CA2353073C (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Combined multi-fuel electrical generator and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002353073A CA2353073C (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Combined multi-fuel electrical generator and method |
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| CA2353073A1 CA2353073A1 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
| CA2353073C true CA2353073C (en) | 2002-09-10 |
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| CA002353073A Expired - Fee Related CA2353073C (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Combined multi-fuel electrical generator and method |
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| GB0522591D0 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2005-12-14 | Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd | Process and plant for power generation |
| CN113066595B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2024-04-02 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Multi-energy complementary steam supply system |
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