CA2261489A1 - Method of treating organic and inorganic waste material - Google Patents
Method of treating organic and inorganic waste material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2261489A1 CA2261489A1 CA002261489A CA2261489A CA2261489A1 CA 2261489 A1 CA2261489 A1 CA 2261489A1 CA 002261489 A CA002261489 A CA 002261489A CA 2261489 A CA2261489 A CA 2261489A CA 2261489 A1 CA2261489 A1 CA 2261489A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- waste material
- kiln
- inorganic waste
- heating section
- treating organic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
- C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A method of treating organic and inorganic waste material involves placing organic or inorganic waste materials into a kiln. Hot gases are circulated at temperatures in excess of 1000 degree fahrenheit in the kiln to heat the waste materials.
The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume in order to avoid combustion or oxidization. Waste materials subjected to this treatment are turned into carbon.
The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume in order to avoid combustion or oxidization. Waste materials subjected to this treatment are turned into carbon.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
method of treating organic and inorganic waste material NAMES) OF INVENTOR(S):
Joseph Iwasenko ~ FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Organic waste material, such as leaves, paper, and wood, and inorganic waste material, such as tires and plastics, are presently disposed of in landfill sites. This has proven to be undesirable, for an ever increasing amount of land is becoming utilized for such landfill sites.
SU1~ARY OF THE INVENTION
What is required is a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material that will enable useful products to be made from such organic and inorganic waste material.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material. A
kiln is provided. Organic or inorganic waste material is placed into the kiln. The organic or inorganic waste material is turned into carbon by circulating hot gases at temperatures in excess of 1000 degree Fahrenheit in the kiln to heat the organic or inorganic waste materials. The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20o by volume.
It has been determined that, after being subjected to high temperatures organic and inorganic waste material is turned into carbon. The carbon can then be used for various commercial purposes. Temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit have been found to be sufficient. A time duration of approximately 40 minutes at 1000 degrees Fahrenheit has been found to be adequate. Of course, by increasing the temperature the time duration of exposure can be reduced. With organic matter there should be no need to bring the temperature much higher than 1275 degrees. In order to speed up processing, inorganic matter may be processed at higher temperatures.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, organic and inorganic waste materials at temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees tend to burst into flames when exposed to an oxygen environment.
Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when a cooling chamber is provided for cooling the organic or inorganic waste materials. The waste materials are cooled by circulating cool inert gases in the cooling chamber. Nitrogen gas appears to be one of the most suitable gases for this purpose.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method as described above, it is most desirable that this be a continuous process, as opposed to a batch process.
Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when the kiln is a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, cost of the process is, in part, dependent upon the consumption rate of helium and hydrogen. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when a gas recovery and recirculation unit is provided for recovering either helium, hydrogen or both.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, it is very difficult to bring organic or inorganic waste materials from room temperature up to temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees fahrenheit in one step. It is, therefore, preferred that the kiln used have a preheating section, an intermediate heating section, and a primary heating section. This enables heating to be done in stages.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is flow diagram of a preferred method of treating organic and inorganic waste material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred method will now be described with reference to FIGURE 1.
Referring to FIGURE 1, a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln 10 is provided to pretreat organic or inorganic waste material. Kiln 10 has a first end 12 and a second end 14.
Kiln 10 has a preheating section 16 at first end 12, a primary heating section 18 at second end 14 and an intermediate heating section 20 positioned between preheating section 16 and primary heating section 18. It has been found that satisfactory performance of kiln 10 is obtained when a total length of preheating section 16, primary heating section 18 and intermediate heating section 20 is approximately ninety feet.
A spiral auger 21 is mounted on an interior surface 23 of kiln 10 throughout the length of preheating section 16, primary heating section 18 and intermediate heating section 20, whereby waste material is propelled from first end 12 of kiln 10 to second end 14 of kiln 10. A plurality of like spiral augers 21 can be installed in kiln 10. A cooling chamber 22 is provided adjacent to second end 14 of kiln 10, such that processed waste material exiting kiln 10 enters cooling chamber feed auger 24.
Liquid organic waste material 98 from an effluent holding tank 110 and solid organic waste, such as sawdust, straw, wood chips, and animal hair are mixed together in a mixing vessel 100 by a mixer 102 powered by a motor 104 to form a slurry 106.
A slurry pump 108 pumps slurry 106 into a hopper 26 adjacent to first end 12 of kiln 10. Hopper 26 has a feed auger 28.
Organic waste material fed from hopper 26 passes through preheating section 16 to intermediate heating section 20 and then to primary heating section 18. Cooling chamber feed auger 24 is rigidly coaxially attached to second end 14 of kiln 10.
Feed auger 28 is rigidly coaxially attached to first end 12 of kiln 10. Kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 rotate about a common axis the position of which is indicated by an arrow 30. A driving force to rotate kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 is provided by a first drive motor 32 and a second drive motor 34. First drive motor 32 applies friction drive through a first plurality of rollers 35 to a first collar 36 circumferentially attached to kiln 10 at first end 12 of kiln 10. Second drive motor 34 applies friction drive through a second plurality of rollers 37 to a second collar 38 circumferentially attached to cooling chamber housing 40. Kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 are supported on first rollers 35 and second rollers 37. A housing 42 is provided for kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28. Housing 42 does not rotate with kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28. An opening 44 is provided through which processed waste material is removed.
Hot gases are circulated in kiln 10 to heat the organic or inorganic waste material. The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen, with a helium content of at least 20% by volume. Hydrogen and helium are supplied independently or as premixed gases from a plurality of supply containers 46 to a fuel holding tank 48. A pump 50 pumps the gases along a feed line 52 in the direction shown by arrow 53 to a heater unit 54.
The content of gas mixture in line 52 is monitored automatically and, when the mixture requires adjustment, gases are added from kiln gas supply containers 80. Heating unit 54 for heating gas has three "coils" to provide the hot gases at different temperatures to different sections of kiln 10. The heating gases provide a temperature of at least 1000 degrees Fahrenheit in intermediate heating section 20 and approximately 1275 degrees Fahrenheit in primary heating section 18. Thus 5 each coil is at a different temperature, for example a set of conditions that has been found to be effective for a range of organic or inorganic waste materials is as follows: a first coil 56 is at 700 degrees and feeds heating gas to preheating section 16; a second coil 58 is at 1276 degrees and feeds heating gas to intermediate heating section 20; a third coil 60 is at 2400 degrees and feeds heating gas to primary heating section 18. Two gas lines are in each section: a lower gas line 62 injects gas into a section of kiln 10 and an upper gas line 64 draws gas from kiln 10 into a recirculation system 66.
Nitrogen gas is fed from a nitrogen supply vessel 68. Cool nitrogen gas is circulated in cooling chamber 22, thereby cooling the processed organic or inorganic waste material that passes from kiln 10 into cooling chamber 22. Contaminated nitrogen gas that has been heated by contact with hot processed waste material is evacuated from cooling chamber 22 via a line 70 by a compressor 72. A double wall centrifuge 74 serves as a scrubber to reduce ice fog and liquid effluent from cooling chamber 22. A pump 76 returns cleaned nitrogen gas and nitrogen gas added from nitrogen supply vessel 68 to cooling vessel 22 via line 78. Liquid effluent from cooling chamber 22 is returned to effluent holding tank 110. Where there is an insufficient quantity of liquid effluent make up water may be added to effluent 98 in effluent holding tank 110. A pump 112 pumps liquid effluent 98 from effluent holding tank 110 to mixing vessel 100 for preparation of slurry 106.
After being subjected to high temperature treatment in an atmosphere lacking in oxygen, organic or inorganic waste material is turned into carbon. The carbon can be used for insulation, as a filter medium, as a deodorizing compound or for various other commercial purposes.
method of treating organic and inorganic waste material NAMES) OF INVENTOR(S):
Joseph Iwasenko ~ FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Organic waste material, such as leaves, paper, and wood, and inorganic waste material, such as tires and plastics, are presently disposed of in landfill sites. This has proven to be undesirable, for an ever increasing amount of land is becoming utilized for such landfill sites.
SU1~ARY OF THE INVENTION
What is required is a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material that will enable useful products to be made from such organic and inorganic waste material.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of treating organic and inorganic waste material. A
kiln is provided. Organic or inorganic waste material is placed into the kiln. The organic or inorganic waste material is turned into carbon by circulating hot gases at temperatures in excess of 1000 degree Fahrenheit in the kiln to heat the organic or inorganic waste materials. The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20o by volume.
It has been determined that, after being subjected to high temperatures organic and inorganic waste material is turned into carbon. The carbon can then be used for various commercial purposes. Temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit have been found to be sufficient. A time duration of approximately 40 minutes at 1000 degrees Fahrenheit has been found to be adequate. Of course, by increasing the temperature the time duration of exposure can be reduced. With organic matter there should be no need to bring the temperature much higher than 1275 degrees. In order to speed up processing, inorganic matter may be processed at higher temperatures.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, organic and inorganic waste materials at temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees tend to burst into flames when exposed to an oxygen environment.
Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when a cooling chamber is provided for cooling the organic or inorganic waste materials. The waste materials are cooled by circulating cool inert gases in the cooling chamber. Nitrogen gas appears to be one of the most suitable gases for this purpose.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method as described above, it is most desirable that this be a continuous process, as opposed to a batch process.
Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when the kiln is a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, cost of the process is, in part, dependent upon the consumption rate of helium and hydrogen. Even more beneficial results may, therefore, be obtained when a gas recovery and recirculation unit is provided for recovering either helium, hydrogen or both.
Although beneficial results may be obtained through the use of the method, as described above, it is very difficult to bring organic or inorganic waste materials from room temperature up to temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees fahrenheit in one step. It is, therefore, preferred that the kiln used have a preheating section, an intermediate heating section, and a primary heating section. This enables heating to be done in stages.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description in which reference is made to the appended drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is flow diagram of a preferred method of treating organic and inorganic waste material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred method will now be described with reference to FIGURE 1.
Referring to FIGURE 1, a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln 10 is provided to pretreat organic or inorganic waste material. Kiln 10 has a first end 12 and a second end 14.
Kiln 10 has a preheating section 16 at first end 12, a primary heating section 18 at second end 14 and an intermediate heating section 20 positioned between preheating section 16 and primary heating section 18. It has been found that satisfactory performance of kiln 10 is obtained when a total length of preheating section 16, primary heating section 18 and intermediate heating section 20 is approximately ninety feet.
A spiral auger 21 is mounted on an interior surface 23 of kiln 10 throughout the length of preheating section 16, primary heating section 18 and intermediate heating section 20, whereby waste material is propelled from first end 12 of kiln 10 to second end 14 of kiln 10. A plurality of like spiral augers 21 can be installed in kiln 10. A cooling chamber 22 is provided adjacent to second end 14 of kiln 10, such that processed waste material exiting kiln 10 enters cooling chamber feed auger 24.
Liquid organic waste material 98 from an effluent holding tank 110 and solid organic waste, such as sawdust, straw, wood chips, and animal hair are mixed together in a mixing vessel 100 by a mixer 102 powered by a motor 104 to form a slurry 106.
A slurry pump 108 pumps slurry 106 into a hopper 26 adjacent to first end 12 of kiln 10. Hopper 26 has a feed auger 28.
Organic waste material fed from hopper 26 passes through preheating section 16 to intermediate heating section 20 and then to primary heating section 18. Cooling chamber feed auger 24 is rigidly coaxially attached to second end 14 of kiln 10.
Feed auger 28 is rigidly coaxially attached to first end 12 of kiln 10. Kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 rotate about a common axis the position of which is indicated by an arrow 30. A driving force to rotate kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 is provided by a first drive motor 32 and a second drive motor 34. First drive motor 32 applies friction drive through a first plurality of rollers 35 to a first collar 36 circumferentially attached to kiln 10 at first end 12 of kiln 10. Second drive motor 34 applies friction drive through a second plurality of rollers 37 to a second collar 38 circumferentially attached to cooling chamber housing 40. Kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28 are supported on first rollers 35 and second rollers 37. A housing 42 is provided for kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28. Housing 42 does not rotate with kiln 10, cooling chamber feed auger 24 and feed auger 28. An opening 44 is provided through which processed waste material is removed.
Hot gases are circulated in kiln 10 to heat the organic or inorganic waste material. The hot gases are a mixture of helium and hydrogen, with a helium content of at least 20% by volume. Hydrogen and helium are supplied independently or as premixed gases from a plurality of supply containers 46 to a fuel holding tank 48. A pump 50 pumps the gases along a feed line 52 in the direction shown by arrow 53 to a heater unit 54.
The content of gas mixture in line 52 is monitored automatically and, when the mixture requires adjustment, gases are added from kiln gas supply containers 80. Heating unit 54 for heating gas has three "coils" to provide the hot gases at different temperatures to different sections of kiln 10. The heating gases provide a temperature of at least 1000 degrees Fahrenheit in intermediate heating section 20 and approximately 1275 degrees Fahrenheit in primary heating section 18. Thus 5 each coil is at a different temperature, for example a set of conditions that has been found to be effective for a range of organic or inorganic waste materials is as follows: a first coil 56 is at 700 degrees and feeds heating gas to preheating section 16; a second coil 58 is at 1276 degrees and feeds heating gas to intermediate heating section 20; a third coil 60 is at 2400 degrees and feeds heating gas to primary heating section 18. Two gas lines are in each section: a lower gas line 62 injects gas into a section of kiln 10 and an upper gas line 64 draws gas from kiln 10 into a recirculation system 66.
Nitrogen gas is fed from a nitrogen supply vessel 68. Cool nitrogen gas is circulated in cooling chamber 22, thereby cooling the processed organic or inorganic waste material that passes from kiln 10 into cooling chamber 22. Contaminated nitrogen gas that has been heated by contact with hot processed waste material is evacuated from cooling chamber 22 via a line 70 by a compressor 72. A double wall centrifuge 74 serves as a scrubber to reduce ice fog and liquid effluent from cooling chamber 22. A pump 76 returns cleaned nitrogen gas and nitrogen gas added from nitrogen supply vessel 68 to cooling vessel 22 via line 78. Liquid effluent from cooling chamber 22 is returned to effluent holding tank 110. Where there is an insufficient quantity of liquid effluent make up water may be added to effluent 98 in effluent holding tank 110. A pump 112 pumps liquid effluent 98 from effluent holding tank 110 to mixing vessel 100 for preparation of slurry 106.
After being subjected to high temperature treatment in an atmosphere lacking in oxygen, organic or inorganic waste material is turned into carbon. The carbon can be used for insulation, as a filter medium, as a deodorizing compound or for various other commercial purposes.
It is important that sufficient helium be added to displace oxygen and avoid combustion. There is a relationship between the moisture content of the material being processed and the percentage of helium that should be used. A moisture content of 45% has been found to work well with an auger. At this moisture content 30% helium is adequate. When the moisture content is higher, the water is released as steam.
This water breaks down into oxygen and hydrogen. The hydrogen is not harmful to the process. The oxygen must however, be neutralized by additional helium. Where the moisture content is lower then 450, 20% helium has been found to be adequate.
Following the method with less than 20% helium, however, is not recommended.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined in the Claims.
This water breaks down into oxygen and hydrogen. The hydrogen is not harmful to the process. The oxygen must however, be neutralized by additional helium. Where the moisture content is lower then 450, 20% helium has been found to be adequate.
Following the method with less than 20% helium, however, is not recommended.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined in the Claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method of treating organic and inorganic waste material, comprising the steps of:
providing a kiln;
placing at least one of organic and inorganic waste material into the kiln;
turning the waste material into carbon by circulating hot gases at temperatures in excess of 1000 degree fahrenheit in the kiln to heat the waste materials, the hot gases being a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume.
providing a kiln;
placing at least one of organic and inorganic waste material into the kiln;
turning the waste material into carbon by circulating hot gases at temperatures in excess of 1000 degree fahrenheit in the kiln to heat the waste materials, the hot gases being a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume.
2. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 1, a cooling chamber being provided for cooling the waste material, the waste material being cooled by circulating cool inert gases in the cooling chamber.
3. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 2, the inert gas being nitrogen.
4. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 1, the kiln being a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln.
5. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 1, a gas recovery and recirculation unit recovering the helium.
6. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 5, the gas recovery and recirculation unit recovering the hydrogen.
7. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 1, the kiln having three sections: a preheating section, an intermediate heating section, and a
8 primary heating section.
9 8. A method of treating organic and inorganic waste material, comprising the step of:
providing a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln having a first end and a second end, the kiln having a preheating section at the first end, a primary heating section at the second end and an intermediate heating section positioned between the preheating section and the primary heating section;
feeding at least one of organic and inorganic waste materials into the first end of the kiln, such that the waste materials pass through the preheating section to the intermediate heating section and then to the primary heating section;
providing a cooling chamber adjacent the second end of the kiln, such that the waste material exiting the kiln enters the cooling chamber;
circulating hot gases in the kiln to heat the waste material, the hot gases being a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume, the hot gases being at least 1000 degrees fahrenheit in the intermediate heating section and at least 1275 degrees fahrenheit in the primary heating section;
circulating cool nitrogen gas in the cooling chamber, thereby cooling the waste material that passes from the kiln into the cooling chamber.
9. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 8, a gas recovery and recirculation unit recovering and recirculating the helium and the hydrogen.
providing a rotatably mounted spiral feed kiln having a first end and a second end, the kiln having a preheating section at the first end, a primary heating section at the second end and an intermediate heating section positioned between the preheating section and the primary heating section;
feeding at least one of organic and inorganic waste materials into the first end of the kiln, such that the waste materials pass through the preheating section to the intermediate heating section and then to the primary heating section;
providing a cooling chamber adjacent the second end of the kiln, such that the waste material exiting the kiln enters the cooling chamber;
circulating hot gases in the kiln to heat the waste material, the hot gases being a mixture of helium and hydrogen with a helium content of at least 20% by volume, the hot gases being at least 1000 degrees fahrenheit in the intermediate heating section and at least 1275 degrees fahrenheit in the primary heating section;
circulating cool nitrogen gas in the cooling chamber, thereby cooling the waste material that passes from the kiln into the cooling chamber.
9. The method of treating organic and inorganic waste material as defined in Claim 8, a gas recovery and recirculation unit recovering and recirculating the helium and the hydrogen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002261489A CA2261489A1 (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method of treating organic and inorganic waste material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002261489A CA2261489A1 (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method of treating organic and inorganic waste material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2261489A1 true CA2261489A1 (en) | 1999-12-20 |
Family
ID=29555124
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002261489A Abandoned CA2261489A1 (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method of treating organic and inorganic waste material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2261489A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2475671A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-06-01 | Dudek & Kostek Sp Z O O | Methods and apparatus for pyrolyzing material |
| EP2287278A3 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2012-11-07 | Andritz Technology and Asset Management GmbH | Method and system for the torrefaction of lignocellulosic material |
| CN106595326A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 天津大学 | Efficient double-hot-trap solid bulk material waste heat recovery device |
| EP3508556A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-10 | Günter Hirr | Method for operating a system for energy recovery and system for same |
-
1999
- 1999-02-12 CA CA002261489A patent/CA2261489A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2287278A3 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2012-11-07 | Andritz Technology and Asset Management GmbH | Method and system for the torrefaction of lignocellulosic material |
| RU2534085C2 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2014-11-27 | Андритц Текнолоджи Энд Эссет Менеджмент Гмбх | Lignocellulosic material roasting method and unit |
| GB2475671A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-06-01 | Dudek & Kostek Sp Z O O | Methods and apparatus for pyrolyzing material |
| GB2475671B (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2012-05-02 | Dudek & Kostek Sp Z O O | Methods and apparatus for pyrolyzing material |
| CN106595326A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 天津大学 | Efficient double-hot-trap solid bulk material waste heat recovery device |
| EP3508556A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-10 | Günter Hirr | Method for operating a system for energy recovery and system for same |
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