CA2167357A1 - Eccentrically driven percussive tools for treating materials - Google Patents
Eccentrically driven percussive tools for treating materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2167357A1 CA2167357A1 CA002167357A CA2167357A CA2167357A1 CA 2167357 A1 CA2167357 A1 CA 2167357A1 CA 002167357 A CA002167357 A CA 002167357A CA 2167357 A CA2167357 A CA 2167357A CA 2167357 A1 CA2167357 A1 CA 2167357A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- sleeves
- drive shaft
- bearing
- bearing sleeves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
- E21C25/10—Rods; Drums
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
- E21B6/02—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action the rotation being continuous
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The process and apparatus for treating rock, minerals or similar materials, has two tool-bearing sleeves. The sleeves are supported by bearings, and arranged in eccentric relationship to a common shaft. The sleeves may be rotated independently and operated percussively.
Description
~1 67357 Background to the invention Several systems exist for superimposing a percussive action on drilling, milling and ripping tools. They tend to reduce the required thrust forces and enhance drilling performance, particularly in hard rock. European patent application EP
88710058.4 - 2302 describes a system which is eccentrically activated, having a single eccentric drive and a tool for ripping particularly hard rock.
Summary of the invention The new system claimed below permits an entire assembly to run considerably smoother by means of multiple eccentric drives having several tool-bearing sleeves. The system furthermore significantly reduces the required thrust forces and makes it feasible to work at optionally selected drilling or milling widths, either by pure percussion, or by percussive milling. The technology according to the present invention furthermore tends to eliminate bearing problems arising from excessive, mass and amplitude dependent centrifugal forces.
The claimed technology permits multi-directional planar milling, ripping, or full-bore drilling. Microtunnelling as well as tunnel drilling machines may be similarly equipped, having the advantage, among others, of permitting particularly hard materials, minerals or the like to be milled at roughly half of conventional machine masses.
Examples A drive shaft supported in cantilever fashion and carrying two eccentric drive portions for two sleeves and milling tools is ~1 67357 propelled at 3000 revolutions per minute. The amplitude of the sleeve oscillations is 5 mm. Each tool-bearing sleeve is propelled at loo revolutions per minute by way of a 30:1 reduction gear system. The width and diameter of each tool-bearing sleeve is 250 mm, giving an excavating width of twice 250 mm, thus 500 mm. A propulsive power of approximately 10 kW is required at a thrust of approximately 1 tonne for exca-~ating hard rock. Conventional systems reqùire multiples of these values.
The drawings respectively show different feasible embodiments.
In figure 1 item (1) constitutes a support structure, and item (2) one of the rotatable sleeves supported by bearings on an eccentric drlve portion. Item (3) constitutes a reduction gear system comprlslng an internal and an external gear. Reference numeral (4) indicates one or more tools. Item (5) constitutes one of two counterweights for counterbalancing. Reference numeral (6) identifies the drive of a rapidly rotatable eccentric drive shaft, while it~m (7) constitutes a disk-like roller-drilling tool. Seals are respectively identified as item (8), while item (9) identifies an attachment for compacting floors and the li~e, using the sleeve as a rolling drum. Alternatively a plate may be used while dispensing with the propulsion for the tool-bearing sleeve. The tools themselves are interchangeable.
The sleeves and tools are compensated / counterbalanced with reference to the counterweights (5).
Fiqure 2 shows a gear system (10) between a static internal shaft (ll) al-c~ a remote sleeve (12). A second, inner sleeve (13) is supported in similar fashion to the sleeve (12) by bearings on an eccentric drive portion (14), and is slowly rotatable by way of a gear system (15). A common drive shaft is rapidly rotatable by way of a driven pulley (16). A support structure (18) carries the assembly described above. Counterweights (19), with reference to which the respective sleeves and tools are counterbalanced, are secured to / mounted on the eccentric shaft.
A centrally supported twin drive arrangement shown in figure 3, has one of a pair of tool-bearing sleeves (20) lin~ed to an associated drive (21). Recessed picks or similar tools (22) are provided to dislodge possibly remaining ridges of unmined rock.
The second tool-bearing sleeve (23) has a counterweight (24).
A common drive shaft (25) carries eccentric drive portions, which may be optionally arranged in opposing disposition to each other, or aligned with each other for simultaneous percussion. The indicated eccentric drive portion (26) is preferably splined to ~it slidingly on to the shaft (2S) before being secured to it, ~or amplitude adjustment. A central support structure (28) accommodates a drive for the shaft (25) by way of a toothed drive belt (29), for example. As is evident from the indicated central axis line (27), the illustrated assembly is capable of producing pilot holes or full-bore drillings when rotated about this axis.
Figure 4 shows an assembly having 3 tool-bearing sleeves (30) of equal length and mass, each being slowly rotatable by a reduction gear system (31), and each being- compensated / counterbalanced with reference to a corresponding counterweight (32). This system is also capable of operating as a percussive roller-drilling tool, either with or without propulsion of the tool-bearing sleeve. This assembly has two support structures (33) with drives including toothed belts (34), and may be optionally widened by the addition of further similar support structures and tools. ~henever more than 3 eccentric drives / tool-bearing sleeves are used, the sleeves are preferably supported in pairs by bearings on respective support structures from which they are propelled (as indicated in ghost outline).
A preferred design for an assembly shown in figure 5, which dispenses with counterweights such as items (32) in figure 4, has two remote tool-bearing sleeves (35) of equal width and mass.
A central tool-bearing sleeve (36) is twice as wide and heavy as either of the remote sleeves to ensure counterbalancing. This system accordingly functions at minimal vibration through optimal counterbalancing without employing separate counterweights. The remote eccentric drive portions (37) are arranged in opposing disposition to the central drive portion (37A), and respectively support rotatable sleeves (35) and (36) on bearings. They may, but need not necessarily, be driven by gear systems (38). The required support structures may be laterally mounted, in which case transfer drive means between the tool-bearing sleeves are required.
88710058.4 - 2302 describes a system which is eccentrically activated, having a single eccentric drive and a tool for ripping particularly hard rock.
Summary of the invention The new system claimed below permits an entire assembly to run considerably smoother by means of multiple eccentric drives having several tool-bearing sleeves. The system furthermore significantly reduces the required thrust forces and makes it feasible to work at optionally selected drilling or milling widths, either by pure percussion, or by percussive milling. The technology according to the present invention furthermore tends to eliminate bearing problems arising from excessive, mass and amplitude dependent centrifugal forces.
The claimed technology permits multi-directional planar milling, ripping, or full-bore drilling. Microtunnelling as well as tunnel drilling machines may be similarly equipped, having the advantage, among others, of permitting particularly hard materials, minerals or the like to be milled at roughly half of conventional machine masses.
Examples A drive shaft supported in cantilever fashion and carrying two eccentric drive portions for two sleeves and milling tools is ~1 67357 propelled at 3000 revolutions per minute. The amplitude of the sleeve oscillations is 5 mm. Each tool-bearing sleeve is propelled at loo revolutions per minute by way of a 30:1 reduction gear system. The width and diameter of each tool-bearing sleeve is 250 mm, giving an excavating width of twice 250 mm, thus 500 mm. A propulsive power of approximately 10 kW is required at a thrust of approximately 1 tonne for exca-~ating hard rock. Conventional systems reqùire multiples of these values.
The drawings respectively show different feasible embodiments.
In figure 1 item (1) constitutes a support structure, and item (2) one of the rotatable sleeves supported by bearings on an eccentric drlve portion. Item (3) constitutes a reduction gear system comprlslng an internal and an external gear. Reference numeral (4) indicates one or more tools. Item (5) constitutes one of two counterweights for counterbalancing. Reference numeral (6) identifies the drive of a rapidly rotatable eccentric drive shaft, while it~m (7) constitutes a disk-like roller-drilling tool. Seals are respectively identified as item (8), while item (9) identifies an attachment for compacting floors and the li~e, using the sleeve as a rolling drum. Alternatively a plate may be used while dispensing with the propulsion for the tool-bearing sleeve. The tools themselves are interchangeable.
The sleeves and tools are compensated / counterbalanced with reference to the counterweights (5).
Fiqure 2 shows a gear system (10) between a static internal shaft (ll) al-c~ a remote sleeve (12). A second, inner sleeve (13) is supported in similar fashion to the sleeve (12) by bearings on an eccentric drive portion (14), and is slowly rotatable by way of a gear system (15). A common drive shaft is rapidly rotatable by way of a driven pulley (16). A support structure (18) carries the assembly described above. Counterweights (19), with reference to which the respective sleeves and tools are counterbalanced, are secured to / mounted on the eccentric shaft.
A centrally supported twin drive arrangement shown in figure 3, has one of a pair of tool-bearing sleeves (20) lin~ed to an associated drive (21). Recessed picks or similar tools (22) are provided to dislodge possibly remaining ridges of unmined rock.
The second tool-bearing sleeve (23) has a counterweight (24).
A common drive shaft (25) carries eccentric drive portions, which may be optionally arranged in opposing disposition to each other, or aligned with each other for simultaneous percussion. The indicated eccentric drive portion (26) is preferably splined to ~it slidingly on to the shaft (2S) before being secured to it, ~or amplitude adjustment. A central support structure (28) accommodates a drive for the shaft (25) by way of a toothed drive belt (29), for example. As is evident from the indicated central axis line (27), the illustrated assembly is capable of producing pilot holes or full-bore drillings when rotated about this axis.
Figure 4 shows an assembly having 3 tool-bearing sleeves (30) of equal length and mass, each being slowly rotatable by a reduction gear system (31), and each being- compensated / counterbalanced with reference to a corresponding counterweight (32). This system is also capable of operating as a percussive roller-drilling tool, either with or without propulsion of the tool-bearing sleeve. This assembly has two support structures (33) with drives including toothed belts (34), and may be optionally widened by the addition of further similar support structures and tools. ~henever more than 3 eccentric drives / tool-bearing sleeves are used, the sleeves are preferably supported in pairs by bearings on respective support structures from which they are propelled (as indicated in ghost outline).
A preferred design for an assembly shown in figure 5, which dispenses with counterweights such as items (32) in figure 4, has two remote tool-bearing sleeves (35) of equal width and mass.
A central tool-bearing sleeve (36) is twice as wide and heavy as either of the remote sleeves to ensure counterbalancing. This system accordingly functions at minimal vibration through optimal counterbalancing without employing separate counterweights. The remote eccentric drive portions (37) are arranged in opposing disposition to the central drive portion (37A), and respectively support rotatable sleeves (35) and (36) on bearings. They may, but need not necessarily, be driven by gear systems (38). The required support structures may be laterally mounted, in which case transfer drive means between the tool-bearing sleeves are required.
Claims (12)
1. A process for treating rock, minerals or similar materials by propelling at least two counterbalanced, tool-bearing sleeves supported on bearings, and arranged in eccentric relationship to a common drive shaft.
2. A process according to claim 1 in which the sleeves rotate independently while operating percussively.
3. A process according to claim 1 in which the sleeves are propelled at a lower rate of rotation than the drive shaft while operating percussively.
4. An apparatus for treating rock, minerals or similar materials which includes at least two tool-bearing sleeves supported by bearings, and arranged in eccentric relationship to a common drive shaft.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4 in which the tool-bearing sleeves are independently rotatable about the drive shaft.
6. An apparatus according to claim 4 in which the tool-bearing sleeves are rotatable by a gear system comprising internally and externally toothed gears meshing with each other.
7. An apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 6, which includes counterweights, the tool-bearing sleeves being counterbalanced with reference to their respective counterweights.
8. An apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 7 which includes three tool-bearing sleeves which are respectively arranged in eccentric relationship to the drive shaft, the sleeves being mutually counterbalanced by positioning one sleeve between the other two sleeves, each of the outer sleeves having half the mass of the central sleeve and being arranged in opposing disposition to the central sleeve.
9. An apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 8 which includes a support structure and drive means for the drive shaft between two tool-bearing sleeves.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9 in which the support and drive means lie between a pair of tool-bearing sleeves.
11. An apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 10 in which the drive shaft is supported on either side of each tool-bearing sleeve.
12. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 11, character-ized in that the eccentric drive portions are arranged in opposing disposition to each other, thereby hitting stone, mineral or the like alternately.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002167357A CA2167357A1 (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1996-01-16 | Eccentrically driven percussive tools for treating materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002167357A CA2167357A1 (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1996-01-16 | Eccentrically driven percussive tools for treating materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2167357A1 true CA2167357A1 (en) | 1997-07-17 |
Family
ID=4157365
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002167357A Abandoned CA2167357A1 (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1996-01-16 | Eccentrically driven percussive tools for treating materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2167357A1 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-01-16 CA CA002167357A patent/CA2167357A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |