CA2031295C - Paperboard laminate - Google Patents
Paperboard laminateInfo
- Publication number
- CA2031295C CA2031295C CA 2031295 CA2031295A CA2031295C CA 2031295 C CA2031295 C CA 2031295C CA 2031295 CA2031295 CA 2031295 CA 2031295 A CA2031295 A CA 2031295A CA 2031295 C CA2031295 C CA 2031295C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- low density
- density polyethylene
- ream
- lbs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Abstract
A non-foil paperboard laminate having improved resistance to the migration of essential oils, flavors and Vitamins in liquid packaging and improved oxygen barrier characteristics for both liquid and dry packaging comprises paperboard sandwiched between two layers of a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer and including a symmetrical five component barrier layer coextruded onto the surface of one of the low density polyethylene layers. The barrier layer comprises low density polyethylene/adhesive tie layer/Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer/adhesive tie layer/low density polyethylene.
Description
2~31295 Back~round of Invention The present invention relates to paperboard lami-nates, and more particularly to a non-foil paperboard lami-nate useful for making containers for products such as fruit or citrus juices, beverages and the like as well as non-liquid dry products, wherein the laminate has good oxygen barrier characteristics as well as the ability to protect the products packaged therein against the 1088 of essential oils, flavor and Vitamins. Paperboard coated with low density polyethylene has been used for this purpose, but it falls short of providing an acceptable container, therefore additional barrier materials are required to achieve the desired goal. It is well known that impermeable materials such as aluminum foil, polar materials such as polyamides, polyethylene terephthalates, polyvinylidene chlorides, polyvinyl chlorides, etc., and highly crystalline non-polar materials such as high density polyethylene and polypropylene provide good gas barrier characteristics and varying degrees of barrier to the absorption and/or transmission of non-polar citrus juice flavor oils such as d-Limonene et al. However, when additional barrier materials are added to such structures, the manufacturing process becomes comple~ because of the basic incompatibility of some added materials with paperboard and low density polyethylene. Nevertheless, polyethylene is the most desirable material to have on both the inner and outer surfaces of such a laminate in order to achieve reliable and easy heat sealability when containers are formed.
~h '~
2~31~9~
U.S. Patents Nos. 4,789,575 and 4,802,943 disclose a product and process for the manufacture of a laminate structure having inner and outer layers of polyethylene including an addit~onal barrier material, but the method for making the laminate requires more complex manufacturing steps than the present invention and achieves a structure having less reliability in the field. U.S. Patent No.
4,513,036 discloses another structure having inner and outer layers of polyethylnee, but the polypropylene barrier material does not provide very good performance against the 1088 of essential oils and Vitamin C. Other prior art related to the present invention is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,289,830 which discloses a multi-layer, coextruded film incorporating a barrier structure substantially as used in the present ~nvention; a reprint from PLASTICS WORLD, July 1984 entitled "Barrier plastics challenge foil", which discloses a barrier structure applied to paper substantially as used in the present invention; and, a publication of TAPPI PRESS entitled "High Barrier Polymers", presented at the 1986 TAPPI Coextrusion Seminar, Marriott Hilton Head, Hilton Head, SC, April 1-3 1986, whlch also shows a typical barrier structure as disclosed herein in the form of a film.
Nevertheless, the invention disclosed and claimed herein is deemed to be unobvious over the teachings of this prior art.
Summary of Invention It is an ob~ect of the present invention to pro-vide an improved heat-sealable, non-foil laminate for fruit or citru~ ~uices, beverages and the like as well as 2031~95 non-liquid dry products which is easy to manufacture and which provides reliable performance in the field. In one embodiment of the present invention, an existing commercial structure for paperboard cartons comprising paperboard sandwiched between two layers of low density polyethylene (LDPE) is selected as the base material. Subsequently, in a single manufacturing step, a symmetrical, five layer barrier structure comprising LDPE/tie layer/ EVOH/tie layer/LDPE is coextruded onto the surface of one of the layers of LDPE.
The coextrusion step can be accomplished without any inde-pendent treat~ent to the LDPE layer of the base material because the ad~acent LDPE/LDPE interfaces are compatible with one another. In an alternative embodiment, the lami-nate can be made in-line by selecting a paperboard sub-strate, flame treating or corona discharge treating both sides of the paperboard substrate, extrusion coating a layer of LDPE onto the outer surface of the paperboard substrate, extrusion coating a layer of LDPE onto the inner surface of the paperboard substrate, and coextruding the aforementioned five layer structure onto the inner layer of LDPE. The final structure yields a construction which includes poly-ethylene on its inner and outer surfaces to provide the most desirable heat sealable characteristics, but which is much simpler to manufacture than the prior art structures.
Carton~ constructed from the l~m~n~te of the present inven-tion provide excellent gas barrier protection for dry pro-ducts and significant flavor oil retention and prevention of k`
2 ~31~-95 1088 of Vitamin C of the citrus juices contained therein, resulting in an extended shelf like for the products.
8rief Description of Drawin~
FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional elevation of the laminate of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a block diagram representing a process for m~ng the IA~nAte of the present inventlons and FIGURE 3 is a block diagram representing an alter-native process for manufacturing the laminate of the present invention.
Detailed Description In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the laminate is prepared as follows:
Stepwise, the paperboard substrate is flame or corona treated on both surfaces. Second, a layer of LDPE is extrusion coated onto one surface of the paperboard at a temperature in excess of 600 degrees F. to achieve a good bond to the paperboard.
Thirdly, a layer of LDPE is extrusion coated onto the other surface of the paperboard at the same temperature as the first layer. And lastly, a five layer sandwich of EVOH surrounded by Plexar tie layers and LDPE covering layers is coextruded onto one of the first layers of LDPE
applied to the paperboard at a temperature substantially le88 than 600 de8rees F. to prevent degradation of the EVOH
and tie layers.
The newly formed lAm~n~te is arranged 80 that the five layer coextrusion becomes the inner surface or liquid 20~12~5 contact surface of any containers made from the laminate, and the laminate is ~cored, cut into blanks, folded and side seam heat-sealed in a conventional manner. The prepared blanks are ready for filling and sealing on conventional equipment in the normal manner. In an alternative embodiment the five layer sandwich i~ coextruded directly onto a base material comprising paperboard sandwiched between two layers of low density polyethylene (LDPE).
The barrier laminate produced by the present in-vention e~hibits excellent barrier properties and meets FDA
approval for use in food contact packag~ng. As an example, the laminate of the present invention may comprise an exterior coating of about 7-12 lbs/ream LDPE, paperboard of varying th~ckness (depenting on carton size), an interior coating of about 7-14 lbs/ream LDPE ant a coextrudet sandwich layer applied to the interior coating of LDPE
comprising about 4-7 lbs/ream LDPE, 2-4 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer (Plexar 177), 4-9 lbs/ream EVOH (Eval EP), 2-4 lbs/ream tie layer (Plexar 177) and a product contact layer of about 4-7 lbs/ream LDPE. The preferred EVOH is sold under the product name Eval EP resin and is available from Eval Company of America. The preferred tie layer is Plexar 177 and is available from USI Corporation.
Any commercial extrusion grade of LDPE is suitable for use in the present invention. Ream size is 3000 sheets 25X38 inches.
Even though EVOH is an excellent oxygen barrier, its performance is greatly affected by relative humidity (RH). Thus, for packaging a dry food product, the RH
susceptibility of the EVO~ can be reduced by increasing the thickness of the LDPE layer adjacent to the coextrusion layer. This permits modifications of the coat weights of LDPE applied to the paperboard while still retaining a symmetrical coextruded layer within the limits described.
It will thus be seen that the laminate of the pre-sent invention provides barrier characteristics equivalent to the most desirable products disclosed in the prior art, but is much simpler and easier to manufactures than the la-minates disclosed in the prior art. It should also be understood that the coat weights set forth above in a typical example may be reduced or modified as desired depending upon the intended use for the product being manufactured.
~h '~
2~31~9~
U.S. Patents Nos. 4,789,575 and 4,802,943 disclose a product and process for the manufacture of a laminate structure having inner and outer layers of polyethylene including an addit~onal barrier material, but the method for making the laminate requires more complex manufacturing steps than the present invention and achieves a structure having less reliability in the field. U.S. Patent No.
4,513,036 discloses another structure having inner and outer layers of polyethylnee, but the polypropylene barrier material does not provide very good performance against the 1088 of essential oils and Vitamin C. Other prior art related to the present invention is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,289,830 which discloses a multi-layer, coextruded film incorporating a barrier structure substantially as used in the present ~nvention; a reprint from PLASTICS WORLD, July 1984 entitled "Barrier plastics challenge foil", which discloses a barrier structure applied to paper substantially as used in the present invention; and, a publication of TAPPI PRESS entitled "High Barrier Polymers", presented at the 1986 TAPPI Coextrusion Seminar, Marriott Hilton Head, Hilton Head, SC, April 1-3 1986, whlch also shows a typical barrier structure as disclosed herein in the form of a film.
Nevertheless, the invention disclosed and claimed herein is deemed to be unobvious over the teachings of this prior art.
Summary of Invention It is an ob~ect of the present invention to pro-vide an improved heat-sealable, non-foil laminate for fruit or citru~ ~uices, beverages and the like as well as 2031~95 non-liquid dry products which is easy to manufacture and which provides reliable performance in the field. In one embodiment of the present invention, an existing commercial structure for paperboard cartons comprising paperboard sandwiched between two layers of low density polyethylene (LDPE) is selected as the base material. Subsequently, in a single manufacturing step, a symmetrical, five layer barrier structure comprising LDPE/tie layer/ EVOH/tie layer/LDPE is coextruded onto the surface of one of the layers of LDPE.
The coextrusion step can be accomplished without any inde-pendent treat~ent to the LDPE layer of the base material because the ad~acent LDPE/LDPE interfaces are compatible with one another. In an alternative embodiment, the lami-nate can be made in-line by selecting a paperboard sub-strate, flame treating or corona discharge treating both sides of the paperboard substrate, extrusion coating a layer of LDPE onto the outer surface of the paperboard substrate, extrusion coating a layer of LDPE onto the inner surface of the paperboard substrate, and coextruding the aforementioned five layer structure onto the inner layer of LDPE. The final structure yields a construction which includes poly-ethylene on its inner and outer surfaces to provide the most desirable heat sealable characteristics, but which is much simpler to manufacture than the prior art structures.
Carton~ constructed from the l~m~n~te of the present inven-tion provide excellent gas barrier protection for dry pro-ducts and significant flavor oil retention and prevention of k`
2 ~31~-95 1088 of Vitamin C of the citrus juices contained therein, resulting in an extended shelf like for the products.
8rief Description of Drawin~
FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional elevation of the laminate of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a block diagram representing a process for m~ng the IA~nAte of the present inventlons and FIGURE 3 is a block diagram representing an alter-native process for manufacturing the laminate of the present invention.
Detailed Description In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the laminate is prepared as follows:
Stepwise, the paperboard substrate is flame or corona treated on both surfaces. Second, a layer of LDPE is extrusion coated onto one surface of the paperboard at a temperature in excess of 600 degrees F. to achieve a good bond to the paperboard.
Thirdly, a layer of LDPE is extrusion coated onto the other surface of the paperboard at the same temperature as the first layer. And lastly, a five layer sandwich of EVOH surrounded by Plexar tie layers and LDPE covering layers is coextruded onto one of the first layers of LDPE
applied to the paperboard at a temperature substantially le88 than 600 de8rees F. to prevent degradation of the EVOH
and tie layers.
The newly formed lAm~n~te is arranged 80 that the five layer coextrusion becomes the inner surface or liquid 20~12~5 contact surface of any containers made from the laminate, and the laminate is ~cored, cut into blanks, folded and side seam heat-sealed in a conventional manner. The prepared blanks are ready for filling and sealing on conventional equipment in the normal manner. In an alternative embodiment the five layer sandwich i~ coextruded directly onto a base material comprising paperboard sandwiched between two layers of low density polyethylene (LDPE).
The barrier laminate produced by the present in-vention e~hibits excellent barrier properties and meets FDA
approval for use in food contact packag~ng. As an example, the laminate of the present invention may comprise an exterior coating of about 7-12 lbs/ream LDPE, paperboard of varying th~ckness (depenting on carton size), an interior coating of about 7-14 lbs/ream LDPE ant a coextrudet sandwich layer applied to the interior coating of LDPE
comprising about 4-7 lbs/ream LDPE, 2-4 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer (Plexar 177), 4-9 lbs/ream EVOH (Eval EP), 2-4 lbs/ream tie layer (Plexar 177) and a product contact layer of about 4-7 lbs/ream LDPE. The preferred EVOH is sold under the product name Eval EP resin and is available from Eval Company of America. The preferred tie layer is Plexar 177 and is available from USI Corporation.
Any commercial extrusion grade of LDPE is suitable for use in the present invention. Ream size is 3000 sheets 25X38 inches.
Even though EVOH is an excellent oxygen barrier, its performance is greatly affected by relative humidity (RH). Thus, for packaging a dry food product, the RH
susceptibility of the EVO~ can be reduced by increasing the thickness of the LDPE layer adjacent to the coextrusion layer. This permits modifications of the coat weights of LDPE applied to the paperboard while still retaining a symmetrical coextruded layer within the limits described.
It will thus be seen that the laminate of the pre-sent invention provides barrier characteristics equivalent to the most desirable products disclosed in the prior art, but is much simpler and easier to manufactures than the la-minates disclosed in the prior art. It should also be understood that the coat weights set forth above in a typical example may be reduced or modified as desired depending upon the intended use for the product being manufactured.
Claims (14)
1. A paperboard container, the container being constructed from a laminate comprising:
(a) a paperboard substrate having opposed inner and outer surfaces;
(b) a layer of a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer coated onto the outer surface of said paperboard substrate;
(c) a layer of a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer coated onto the inner surface of said paperboard substrate; and (d) an inner, product contact sandwich layer comprising a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer layer, a tie layer, a ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer layer, a tie layer, and a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer layer coextruded onto the outer surface of the heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer applied to the inner surface of said paperboard substrate.
(a) a paperboard substrate having opposed inner and outer surfaces;
(b) a layer of a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer coated onto the outer surface of said paperboard substrate;
(c) a layer of a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer coated onto the inner surface of said paperboard substrate; and (d) an inner, product contact sandwich layer comprising a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer layer, a tie layer, a ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer layer, a tie layer, and a heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer layer coextruded onto the outer surface of the heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer applied to the inner surface of said paperboard substrate.
2. The product of claim 1 wherein the product contact sandwich layer is symmetrical.
3. The product of claim 2 wherein about 7-12 lbs/ream of heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer is coated onto the outer surface of said paperboard substrate.
4. The product of claim 3 wherein about 7-14 lbs/ream of heat-sealable, low density polyethylene polymer is coated onto the inner surface of said paperboard substrate.
5. The product of claim 4 wherein the inner, product contact sandwich layer coextruded onto the polyethylene polymer applied to the inner surface of said paperboard substrate may comprise about 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene, 2-4 lbs/ream tie layer, 4-9 lbs/ream ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, 2-4 lbs/ream tie layer, and about 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene.
6. The product of claim 5 wherein said tie layer is a modified ethylene base copolymer tie material.
7. The process for manufacturing a paperboard laminate with heat-sealable outer and inner surfaces, having enhanced gas barrier properties and improved resistance to the migration of essential oils, flavors and vitamins comprising the steps:
(a) flame treating the inner and outer surfaces of a paperboard substrate;
(b) extrusion coating a layer of low density polyethylene polymer onto the outer surface of said paperboard substrate;
(c) extrusion coating a layer of low density polyethylene polymer onto the inner surface of said paperboard substrate; and (d) coextruding a symmetrical sandwich comprising in order from one side of the sandwich to the other a low density polyethylene layer, an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, an adhesive tie layer, and a low density polyethylene layer in molten form onto the outer surface of the low density polyethylene polymer layer coated on the inner surface of said paperboard substrate to adhere one of the molten low density polyethylene layers of the sandwich to the low density polyethylene polymer layer coated on the inner surface of the paperboard substrate and provide a laminate having heat-sealable low density polyethylene layers at the outer and inner surfaces.
(a) flame treating the inner and outer surfaces of a paperboard substrate;
(b) extrusion coating a layer of low density polyethylene polymer onto the outer surface of said paperboard substrate;
(c) extrusion coating a layer of low density polyethylene polymer onto the inner surface of said paperboard substrate; and (d) coextruding a symmetrical sandwich comprising in order from one side of the sandwich to the other a low density polyethylene layer, an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, an adhesive tie layer, and a low density polyethylene layer in molten form onto the outer surface of the low density polyethylene polymer layer coated on the inner surface of said paperboard substrate to adhere one of the molten low density polyethylene layers of the sandwich to the low density polyethylene polymer layer coated on the inner surface of the paperboard substrate and provide a laminate having heat-sealable low density polyethylene layers at the outer and inner surfaces.
8. The process for manufacturing a paperboard laminate having heat-sealable outer and inner surfaces, enhanced gas barrier properties and improved resistance to the migration of essential oils, flavors and vitamins comprising the steps:
(a) selecting a base material of paperboard having a layer of low density polyethylene polymer applied to its outer surface and a layer of low density polyethylene polymer applied to its inner surface; and, (b) coextruding in molten form onto the outer surface of the layer of polyethylene polymer applied to the inner surface of the paperboard substrate a symmetrical sandwich comprising in order from one side of the sandwich to the other a low density polyethylene layer, an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, an adhesive tie layer, and a low density polyethylene layer to adhere one of the molten low density polyethylene layers of the sandwich to the low density polyethylene polymer layer applied to the inner surface of the paperboard substrate and provide a laminate having heat-sealable low density polyethylene layers at the outer and inner surfaces.
(a) selecting a base material of paperboard having a layer of low density polyethylene polymer applied to its outer surface and a layer of low density polyethylene polymer applied to its inner surface; and, (b) coextruding in molten form onto the outer surface of the layer of polyethylene polymer applied to the inner surface of the paperboard substrate a symmetrical sandwich comprising in order from one side of the sandwich to the other a low density polyethylene layer, an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, an adhesive tie layer, and a low density polyethylene layer to adhere one of the molten low density polyethylene layers of the sandwich to the low density polyethylene polymer layer applied to the inner surface of the paperboard substrate and provide a laminate having heat-sealable low density polyethylene layers at the outer and inner surfaces.
9. The process according to either claim 7 or 8 wherein said paperboard has a layer of about 7-12 lbs/ream of a heat-sealable low density polyethylene polymer applied to its outer surface and a layer of about 7-14 lbs/ream of a heat-sealable low density polyethylene polymer applied to its inner surface.
10. The process according to either claim 7 or 8 wherein said symmetrical sandwich layer comprises about 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene, an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, an adhesive tie layer, and about 4-7 lb/ream low density polyethylene.
11. The process according to claim 10 wherein said symmetrical sandwich layer comprises 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene, 2-4 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer, a barrier layer, 4-7 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer, and about 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene.
12. The process according to claim 11 wherein said barrier layer is ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer.
13. The process according to claim 12 wherein said barrier layer is 4-9 lbs/ream of an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer.
14. The process according to either claim 7 or 8 wherein said paperboard has a layer of about 7-12 lbs/ream of a heat-sealable low density polyethylene polymer applied to its outer surface and a layer of about 7-14 lbs/ream of heat-sealable low density polyethylene polymer applied to its inner surface; and wherein said symmetrical sandwich layer comprises about 4-7 lbs/ream low density polyethylene, 2-4 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer, 4-9 lbs/ream of an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, 2-4 lbs/ream of an adhesive tie layer, and 4-7 lbs/ream of a low density polyethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2031295 CA2031295C (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Paperboard laminate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2031295 CA2031295C (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Paperboard laminate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2031295A1 CA2031295A1 (en) | 1992-05-31 |
| CA2031295C true CA2031295C (en) | 1994-06-14 |
Family
ID=4146566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2031295 Expired - Lifetime CA2031295C (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Paperboard laminate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2031295C (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-11-30 CA CA 2031295 patent/CA2031295C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2031295A1 (en) | 1992-05-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |