CA1221642A - Two-cycle internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Two-cycle internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1221642A CA1221642A CA000455130A CA455130A CA1221642A CA 1221642 A CA1221642 A CA 1221642A CA 000455130 A CA000455130 A CA 000455130A CA 455130 A CA455130 A CA 455130A CA 1221642 A CA1221642 A CA 1221642A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- power
- slave
- piston
- engine
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Of The Disclosure In a valve in head two-cycle internal combustion engine, a slave piston and a power piston reciprocate in a pair of parallel cylinders. Valve opened and closed intake and exhaust ports re-spectively communicate with the slave piston and power piston cylinders. The engine head centrally contains a combustion cham-ber overlying a portion of both cylinders and communicating therewith through a valve opened and closed combustion inlet port and a combustion outlet port respectively communicating with the slave cylinder and power cylinders so that a fuel rich mixture, when ignited in the combustion chamber, mixes with and burns air compressed in the power cylinder. A blower forces burned gases through the exhaust port when the power piston uncovers lateral ports in the power cylinder wall at the end of the power stroke.
An engine head supported rocker arm and shaft assembly, driven by a cam shaft, opens and closes the valves in sequence with the re-ciprocating pistons.
An engine head supported rocker arm and shaft assembly, driven by a cam shaft, opens and closes the valves in sequence with the re-ciprocating pistons.
Description
~:Zl~;42 The present invention relates to a valve in head two-cycle internal combustion engine having a slave cylinder compressing a fuel rich mixture in an engine head combustion chamber communi-cating with the power cylinder through a valve controlled open-ing.
The increased power and fuel efficiency of this engineover most prior two-cycle engines of comparable size is accom-plished by providing a pair of parallel cylinders, each having a piston ring equipped piston slidably mounted therein and connect-ed with a crankshaft by piston rods. One of the pistons acts as aslave piston and the other forms a power piston. An engine head overlies the engine block and is provided with valve opened and closed fuel mixture intake and exhaust ports. A central portion of the head is provided with a chamber defining a fuel mixture compression chamber communicating with the pistons through head openings above the slave piston and power piston. Other valves provide and interrupt communication between the slave and power piston cylinders and the compression chamber. A blower exhausts burned gases from the power cylinder when the power piston un-20 covers a lateral wall port.
In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the inven-tion.
Figure 1 is a top view of the engine;
Figure 2 is a right side elevational view, partially in 25 section, of Fig. l;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional view taken substantially along the line 3---3 of Fig. 1 illustrating the piston and valve positions at the moment of combustion;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional view 30 similar to Fig. 3 illustrating the piston and valve positions at the downward limit of the power stroke; and, Figure 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating the pis-tons and valve positions near the upper limit of the cQmpressiOn stroke.
In the drawings, the reference numeral 10 indicates the en-gine, as a whole, comprising an engine block 12 having an oil containing crankcase 14 and an overlying engine head 16. The en-gine block 12 defines a pair of parallel cylinders 18 and 20, re-spectively containing a piston ring equipped slave piston 22 anda piston ring equipped power piston 24, each connected in a con-ventional manner by piston rods 26 and 28 with a crankshaft 30 journalled by the block 12 and having a flywheel 32 secured to one of its ends. The crankshaft 30 positions the slave piston 22 10 slightly ahead of the power piston 24 so that the slave piston 22 reaches top-dead-center to complete its compression stroke before the power piston reaches top-dead-center. The engine block is characterized by a double wall defining an engine coolant com-partment 34 supplied with water, or the like, from a pump, not 15 shown. The engine block is further provided with a plurality of lateral openings 36, only one being shown, in its wall defining the power cylinder 20 and positioned at the lower limit of move-ment of the power piston for exhausting burned fuel by a blower B, as presently explained.
The engine head 16 is provided with a fuel mixture inlet chamber 38, overlying a portion of the slave piston cylinder 18, for communication therewith through a valve seat 39 and communi-cating with a fuel mixture inlet port 40 by a carburetor, or the like, not shown. The head 16 is also provided with an exhaust 25 chamber 42 overlying and communicating with the power piston cyl-inder 20 through a valve seat 43 and communicating with an ex-haust poxt 44. The central portion of the head 16 is provided with a fuel compression chamber 45 overlying and communicating with both the slave piston cylinder 18 and power piston cylinder 30 20 through valve seats 46 and 47. A spring urged intake valve 48 is normally seated on the slave cylinder fuel intake valve seat 39 and an exhaust valve 52 normally closes the exhaust chamber . . .
valve seat 43. A spring urged third compression chamber inlet valve 56 is normally seated on the compression chamber inlet valve seat 46. The compression chamber inlet valve 56 is a down-wardly seating valve supported for vertical reciprocation by a valve guide 60 having a valve stem sealing O'ring 61 and remov-ably received threadedly by the engine head for easily replacing this valve. The valve 56 is normally maintained in its seated position by a spring 62 surrounding the valve stem and bearing at one end against a cage 64 secured to the engine head around the valve guide 60 with the other end of the spring 62 bearing against a spring keeper 63 secured to the valve stem adjacent the valve guide 60. A fourth valve, forming a spring urged combustion release valve 66, is normally seated on the combustion chamber outlet valve seat 43 with its stem slidably received by a valve guide 70 mounted on the engine head and having a valve stem seal-ing O'ring 71. The power piston 24 is characterized by a recess 72 in its compression end loosely surrounding the head of the valve 66, when the latter is opened, for the purposes presently explained.
The engine head further includes a substantially conven-tional rocker arm and shaft assembly means 73 supported by the head and including an inlet valve rocker arm 74, an exhaust valve rocker arm 76, a combustion chamber inlet valve rocker arm 78 and a combustion chamber outlet valve rocker arm 80. The rocker arms 25 74, 76 and 80 are pivotally mounted intermediate their ends on a shaft 81. The several rocker arms are vertically reciprocated in a predetermined sequence by push rods 82, 84, 86 and 88 by an en-gine driven cam shaft 90 (Fig. 2).
The compression chamber inlet valve rocker arm 78 is pivot-30 ally mounted at one end on the upper end of an engine head sup-ported standard 92 by a pin 94 (Fig. 2) with the other end of the rocker arm 78 bifurcated, as at 96, for slidably engaging a slot 1221 ~42 98 in the upper end of the valve stem 56 for lifting the valve 56 to an open position against the force of its spring 62 in a pre-determined se~uence, as presently explained. The push rod 86 en-gages the depending surface of the rocker arm 78 adjacent the standard 92 to perform this function.
The engine head 16 is further provided with at least one, preferably two, spark plugs 100 communicating with the combustion chamber 45 and fired simultaneously by a distributor, not shown, in se~uence with the valve and piston operation, as more fully explained hereinbelow.
In operation, Figure 3 illustrates the position of the valves and pistons at the upper limit of the compression stroke in which the intake and exhaust valves 48 and 52 and the compres-sion chamber valve 56 are closed at the moment of ignition of a fuel rich mixture in the compression chamber 45. The compression outlet valve 66 being open and nested by the power piston recess 72. ~he fuel burning in the compression chamber 45 enters the power cylinder 20 above the power piston 24 through the valve seat 47 wherein oxygen compressed by the power piston mixes with the fuel and burns thus forcing both pistons downwardly in a power stroke to the limit of their travel, illustrated by Fig. 4.
As the slave piston 22 moves downwardly, the intake valve 48 is opened to admit fuel rich mixture into the slave cylinder 18 above the upper end of the slave piston. When the pistons have reached the limit of their downward movement (Fig. 4), the com-`! pression chamber outlet valve 66 is closed and the exhaust valve 52 is opened so that air under pressure from the blower B ex-hausts burned gases through the exhaust port 44.
As illustrated by Fig. 5, as the pistons move upwardly, the intake valve 48, exhaust valve 52 and compression chamber outlet valve 66 are closed while the combustion chamber inlet valve 56 is opened so that fuel mixture in the slave cylinder is compress-122~642 ed in the combustion chamber 45 by the slave piston 22 while si-multaneously, air within the power cylinder 20 is compressed by the power piston 24 until the slave piston 22 reaches top-dead-center and the compression chamber inlet valve 56 closes. The compression chamber outlet valve 66 opens when the power piston 24 reaches top-dead-center which completes one cycle of opera-tion.
:, ~
The increased power and fuel efficiency of this engineover most prior two-cycle engines of comparable size is accom-plished by providing a pair of parallel cylinders, each having a piston ring equipped piston slidably mounted therein and connect-ed with a crankshaft by piston rods. One of the pistons acts as aslave piston and the other forms a power piston. An engine head overlies the engine block and is provided with valve opened and closed fuel mixture intake and exhaust ports. A central portion of the head is provided with a chamber defining a fuel mixture compression chamber communicating with the pistons through head openings above the slave piston and power piston. Other valves provide and interrupt communication between the slave and power piston cylinders and the compression chamber. A blower exhausts burned gases from the power cylinder when the power piston un-20 covers a lateral wall port.
In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the inven-tion.
Figure 1 is a top view of the engine;
Figure 2 is a right side elevational view, partially in 25 section, of Fig. l;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional view taken substantially along the line 3---3 of Fig. 1 illustrating the piston and valve positions at the moment of combustion;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross sectional view 30 similar to Fig. 3 illustrating the piston and valve positions at the downward limit of the power stroke; and, Figure 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating the pis-tons and valve positions near the upper limit of the cQmpressiOn stroke.
In the drawings, the reference numeral 10 indicates the en-gine, as a whole, comprising an engine block 12 having an oil containing crankcase 14 and an overlying engine head 16. The en-gine block 12 defines a pair of parallel cylinders 18 and 20, re-spectively containing a piston ring equipped slave piston 22 anda piston ring equipped power piston 24, each connected in a con-ventional manner by piston rods 26 and 28 with a crankshaft 30 journalled by the block 12 and having a flywheel 32 secured to one of its ends. The crankshaft 30 positions the slave piston 22 10 slightly ahead of the power piston 24 so that the slave piston 22 reaches top-dead-center to complete its compression stroke before the power piston reaches top-dead-center. The engine block is characterized by a double wall defining an engine coolant com-partment 34 supplied with water, or the like, from a pump, not 15 shown. The engine block is further provided with a plurality of lateral openings 36, only one being shown, in its wall defining the power cylinder 20 and positioned at the lower limit of move-ment of the power piston for exhausting burned fuel by a blower B, as presently explained.
The engine head 16 is provided with a fuel mixture inlet chamber 38, overlying a portion of the slave piston cylinder 18, for communication therewith through a valve seat 39 and communi-cating with a fuel mixture inlet port 40 by a carburetor, or the like, not shown. The head 16 is also provided with an exhaust 25 chamber 42 overlying and communicating with the power piston cyl-inder 20 through a valve seat 43 and communicating with an ex-haust poxt 44. The central portion of the head 16 is provided with a fuel compression chamber 45 overlying and communicating with both the slave piston cylinder 18 and power piston cylinder 30 20 through valve seats 46 and 47. A spring urged intake valve 48 is normally seated on the slave cylinder fuel intake valve seat 39 and an exhaust valve 52 normally closes the exhaust chamber . . .
valve seat 43. A spring urged third compression chamber inlet valve 56 is normally seated on the compression chamber inlet valve seat 46. The compression chamber inlet valve 56 is a down-wardly seating valve supported for vertical reciprocation by a valve guide 60 having a valve stem sealing O'ring 61 and remov-ably received threadedly by the engine head for easily replacing this valve. The valve 56 is normally maintained in its seated position by a spring 62 surrounding the valve stem and bearing at one end against a cage 64 secured to the engine head around the valve guide 60 with the other end of the spring 62 bearing against a spring keeper 63 secured to the valve stem adjacent the valve guide 60. A fourth valve, forming a spring urged combustion release valve 66, is normally seated on the combustion chamber outlet valve seat 43 with its stem slidably received by a valve guide 70 mounted on the engine head and having a valve stem seal-ing O'ring 71. The power piston 24 is characterized by a recess 72 in its compression end loosely surrounding the head of the valve 66, when the latter is opened, for the purposes presently explained.
The engine head further includes a substantially conven-tional rocker arm and shaft assembly means 73 supported by the head and including an inlet valve rocker arm 74, an exhaust valve rocker arm 76, a combustion chamber inlet valve rocker arm 78 and a combustion chamber outlet valve rocker arm 80. The rocker arms 25 74, 76 and 80 are pivotally mounted intermediate their ends on a shaft 81. The several rocker arms are vertically reciprocated in a predetermined sequence by push rods 82, 84, 86 and 88 by an en-gine driven cam shaft 90 (Fig. 2).
The compression chamber inlet valve rocker arm 78 is pivot-30 ally mounted at one end on the upper end of an engine head sup-ported standard 92 by a pin 94 (Fig. 2) with the other end of the rocker arm 78 bifurcated, as at 96, for slidably engaging a slot 1221 ~42 98 in the upper end of the valve stem 56 for lifting the valve 56 to an open position against the force of its spring 62 in a pre-determined se~uence, as presently explained. The push rod 86 en-gages the depending surface of the rocker arm 78 adjacent the standard 92 to perform this function.
The engine head 16 is further provided with at least one, preferably two, spark plugs 100 communicating with the combustion chamber 45 and fired simultaneously by a distributor, not shown, in se~uence with the valve and piston operation, as more fully explained hereinbelow.
In operation, Figure 3 illustrates the position of the valves and pistons at the upper limit of the compression stroke in which the intake and exhaust valves 48 and 52 and the compres-sion chamber valve 56 are closed at the moment of ignition of a fuel rich mixture in the compression chamber 45. The compression outlet valve 66 being open and nested by the power piston recess 72. ~he fuel burning in the compression chamber 45 enters the power cylinder 20 above the power piston 24 through the valve seat 47 wherein oxygen compressed by the power piston mixes with the fuel and burns thus forcing both pistons downwardly in a power stroke to the limit of their travel, illustrated by Fig. 4.
As the slave piston 22 moves downwardly, the intake valve 48 is opened to admit fuel rich mixture into the slave cylinder 18 above the upper end of the slave piston. When the pistons have reached the limit of their downward movement (Fig. 4), the com-`! pression chamber outlet valve 66 is closed and the exhaust valve 52 is opened so that air under pressure from the blower B ex-hausts burned gases through the exhaust port 44.
As illustrated by Fig. 5, as the pistons move upwardly, the intake valve 48, exhaust valve 52 and compression chamber outlet valve 66 are closed while the combustion chamber inlet valve 56 is opened so that fuel mixture in the slave cylinder is compress-122~642 ed in the combustion chamber 45 by the slave piston 22 while si-multaneously, air within the power cylinder 20 is compressed by the power piston 24 until the slave piston 22 reaches top-dead-center and the compression chamber inlet valve 56 closes. The compression chamber outlet valve 66 opens when the power piston 24 reaches top-dead-center which completes one cycle of opera-tion.
:, ~
Claims (2)
1. A two-cycle internal combustion engine, comprising an engine block having a crankcase and defining a slave cylinder and power cylinder parallel with the slave cylinder, a crankshaft journalled by the engine block, a slave piston within the slave cylinder, a power piston within the power cylinder, connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crankshaft for reciprocat-ing said pistons in substantial unison, said slave piston and said power piston being mounted on said crankshaft in a manner to dispose said slave piston at top-dead-center before said power piston reaches top-dead-center, an engine head overlying said engine block, said engine head having a fuel mixture intake port communicating with said slave cylinder, a burned fuel exhaust port communicating with said power cylinder and having a central recess forming a fuel mixture combustion chamber overlying at least a portion of said slave and said power cylinders and commu-nicating therewith through a combustion chamber inlet port and a combustion chamber outlet port, respectively, valve means sup-ported by said engine head for opening and closing the respective port in a predetermined sequence, said valve means including a valve spring normally urging the respective valve toward a closed position, rocker arm and shaft means supported by said engine head for operating said valves, cam and push rod means for oper-ating the rocker arms, and, blower means connected with said power cylinder for exhausting burned fuel, said power cylinder being provided with at least one lateral port in its side wall for communication with said blower means.
2. The engine according to claim 1 in which said engine block is characterized by spaced-apart walls surrounding said slave and power cylinders for forming an engine coolant receiving chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455130A CA1221642A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Two-cycle internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455130A CA1221642A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Two-cycle internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1221642A true CA1221642A (en) | 1987-05-12 |
Family
ID=4127932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455130A Expired CA1221642A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Two-cycle internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1221642A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-05-25 CA CA000455130A patent/CA1221642A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |