CA1200461A - Apparatus for both venting smoke and blocking fire - Google Patents
Apparatus for both venting smoke and blocking fireInfo
- Publication number
- CA1200461A CA1200461A CA000435757A CA435757A CA1200461A CA 1200461 A CA1200461 A CA 1200461A CA 000435757 A CA000435757 A CA 000435757A CA 435757 A CA435757 A CA 435757A CA 1200461 A CA1200461 A CA 1200461A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vent
- blade
- force
- blocking
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
- A62C2/241—Operating or controlling mechanisms having mechanical actuators and heat sensitive parts
- A62C2/242—Operating or controlling mechanisms having mechanical actuators and heat sensitive parts with fusible links
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
- A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
- A62C2/246—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators
- A62C2/248—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators pneumatic
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A normally closed vent opens in response to smoke and closes and is locked closed in response to the heat of a fire.
A normally closed vent opens in response to smoke and closes and is locked closed in response to the heat of a fire.
Description
$.~ ~q_l (}~
APPARATUS FOR BOTH VENTING
S~OKE AND BLOCKING FIRE
Backaround of the Invention ~ r . . . ~
This invention relates to an improved vent for venting smoke or blocking fire and more particularly to a single, simple, economical vent that meets established standards for both venting and blocking as set by such bodies as Underwriters Iaboratory.
The prior art employs separate vents for venting smoke and blocking fire. While this is satisfactory for the intended purposes, such prior art systems are relatively costly, both from the standpoint of materials cost and installation costs.
An object of this invention is the provision of a single vent which meets existing standards or both venting smoke and blocking fire.
Briefly, this invention contemplates ~he provision of a vent biased to a closed position. An actuator drives it open to vent smoke and heat fr`om a fire: a) disenables ~he actuator closing the vent; and b) actuates a mechanism to lock the vent in its closed position.
Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pneumatically controlled embodiment of a vent constructed in accordance with the teachings of this invention~
Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of pneumatic sensor usable with the damper o Figure 1.
.
APPARATUS FOR BOTH VENTING
S~OKE AND BLOCKING FIRE
Backaround of the Invention ~ r . . . ~
This invention relates to an improved vent for venting smoke or blocking fire and more particularly to a single, simple, economical vent that meets established standards for both venting and blocking as set by such bodies as Underwriters Iaboratory.
The prior art employs separate vents for venting smoke and blocking fire. While this is satisfactory for the intended purposes, such prior art systems are relatively costly, both from the standpoint of materials cost and installation costs.
An object of this invention is the provision of a single vent which meets existing standards or both venting smoke and blocking fire.
Briefly, this invention contemplates ~he provision of a vent biased to a closed position. An actuator drives it open to vent smoke and heat fr`om a fire: a) disenables ~he actuator closing the vent; and b) actuates a mechanism to lock the vent in its closed position.
Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pneumatically controlled embodiment of a vent constructed in accordance with the teachings of this invention~
Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of pneumatic sensor usable with the damper o Figure 1.
.
2 91010038 Figure 3 is a schematic drawing of the control system of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a schematic drawing similar to Figure 3 of an alternate electrical embodiment of a control system.
Description of the Invention Referring now to Figure 1, a vent in accordance with the teachings of this invention is indicated by the general reference numeral 11 and is shown installed in a fire wall 10. It will be appreciated the vent can be also installed in a duct either in a horizontal or vertical position. The vent has a frame 12 secured in the fire wall 10 and shafts 15 journaled at each of their ends in the frame 12 rotatably support a pair of blades or fins 14. The blades are linked together by a suitable linkage known in the art (not shown) so that movement of one blade causes movement of both. It will be appreciated that a single blade or more than two blades can be used in the practice of the invention.
The blades 14 are movable between a venting or open position (shown in Figure 1) and blocking or closed position in which interior tips 22 of the blades engage one another and the exterior tips 24 engage tabs 26 ~hich exterld along the top and bottom of the frame.
A rod 28 connects one of the blades 14 to a suitable commercially available pneumatic actuator 32 illustrated schematically in Figure 1. Advantageously,the commercially available actuator 32 chosen has an approval ofUnderwriters Laboratory or alike body for this application. A spring urges the blades to their closed or blocking position.
In this illustrative embodiment this is illustrated as a compression-spring 34 a part of the actuator although it ~ ZJ~
Figure 4 is a schematic drawing similar to Figure 3 of an alternate electrical embodiment of a control system.
Description of the Invention Referring now to Figure 1, a vent in accordance with the teachings of this invention is indicated by the general reference numeral 11 and is shown installed in a fire wall 10. It will be appreciated the vent can be also installed in a duct either in a horizontal or vertical position. The vent has a frame 12 secured in the fire wall 10 and shafts 15 journaled at each of their ends in the frame 12 rotatably support a pair of blades or fins 14. The blades are linked together by a suitable linkage known in the art (not shown) so that movement of one blade causes movement of both. It will be appreciated that a single blade or more than two blades can be used in the practice of the invention.
The blades 14 are movable between a venting or open position (shown in Figure 1) and blocking or closed position in which interior tips 22 of the blades engage one another and the exterior tips 24 engage tabs 26 ~hich exterld along the top and bottom of the frame.
A rod 28 connects one of the blades 14 to a suitable commercially available pneumatic actuator 32 illustrated schematically in Figure 1. Advantageously,the commercially available actuator 32 chosen has an approval ofUnderwriters Laboratory or alike body for this application. A spring urges the blades to their closed or blocking position.
In this illustrative embodiment this is illustrated as a compression-spring 34 a part of the actuator although it ~ ZJ~
3 91010038 should be noted that a separate spring could al50 be used.
In response to an alarm condition, a pipe 36 applies air under pressure to a piston 38 in the actuator overcoming the force of spring 34 and causing the blades to move to their open or venting position. The pneumatic operating pressure may be automatically or semiautomatically applied in response to a smoke alarm condition. In this open position smoke vents through the fire wall 10.
If heat raises the temperature to a predetermined value indicating the presence of fire, a pneumatic temperature responsive element 42 relieves the pressure in the actuator 32 so that the spring 34 returns the blades to their blocking or fire retarding position. Figure 2 shows one embodiment of a sui~able temperature responsive element.
It consists of lengths of pneumatic tubing 56 with a fusible plug 58 in one end. The pluy 58 melts at a predetermined temperature reducing the pressure in the pneumatic line to the actuator allowing the compression spring 34 to close blades.
A heat fusible link 44 holds a spring loaded bolt 46 attached to one of the blades 14 in a retracted position clear oE the edge of the blade. This link 44 melts at about the temperature of which the element 42 relieves pressure on the piston 38. When link 44 melts, the bolt extends beyond the edge of the blade and engages the tab 26 which runs along the lower edge of the frame, locking the fins in their fire blocking position~
As shown in Figure 1, two temperature sensitive actuators 42 may be employed - one on either side of the fire wall 10. In this configuration, if either reaches its actuation temperature, the blades close. Further, it should be noted ~z~
~ 91010038 that a restriction 52 in the pneumatic line may be employed to avoid excessive loss of line air.
Figure 3 shows schematically the pneumatic system operating system shown in Figure 1. In operation, pneumatic pressure applied to the actuator opens the vent either automatically or semiautomatically whensmoke isdetected. If the tempera-ture increases to the melting point of a fusible plug 58 in the sensor, the plug melts, reducing the pressure to the actuator~ The coil spring forces the blades closed.
The fusible link 44 also melts and spring driven bolt locks the blades closed.
It will be appreciated that this invention can also employ a electrical operating system and such an equivalent operating system i5 shown schematically in Figure 4. In this electrical embodiment power is supplied to suitable electrically operated actuator 60 over lines 62. Power is supplied over the lines in response to smoke opening the blades against a spring closing bias. Fire melts thermal fuse sensors 64 in series in the line and interrupts power to the actuator. The spring closes the blades and a fusible link melts locking the blades closed in the sa~e manner as previously described ~or the pneumatic ver-sion.
Those skilled in the art will recogni~e that only preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein and that the embodiment may be altered and modified without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
In response to an alarm condition, a pipe 36 applies air under pressure to a piston 38 in the actuator overcoming the force of spring 34 and causing the blades to move to their open or venting position. The pneumatic operating pressure may be automatically or semiautomatically applied in response to a smoke alarm condition. In this open position smoke vents through the fire wall 10.
If heat raises the temperature to a predetermined value indicating the presence of fire, a pneumatic temperature responsive element 42 relieves the pressure in the actuator 32 so that the spring 34 returns the blades to their blocking or fire retarding position. Figure 2 shows one embodiment of a sui~able temperature responsive element.
It consists of lengths of pneumatic tubing 56 with a fusible plug 58 in one end. The pluy 58 melts at a predetermined temperature reducing the pressure in the pneumatic line to the actuator allowing the compression spring 34 to close blades.
A heat fusible link 44 holds a spring loaded bolt 46 attached to one of the blades 14 in a retracted position clear oE the edge of the blade. This link 44 melts at about the temperature of which the element 42 relieves pressure on the piston 38. When link 44 melts, the bolt extends beyond the edge of the blade and engages the tab 26 which runs along the lower edge of the frame, locking the fins in their fire blocking position~
As shown in Figure 1, two temperature sensitive actuators 42 may be employed - one on either side of the fire wall 10. In this configuration, if either reaches its actuation temperature, the blades close. Further, it should be noted ~z~
~ 91010038 that a restriction 52 in the pneumatic line may be employed to avoid excessive loss of line air.
Figure 3 shows schematically the pneumatic system operating system shown in Figure 1. In operation, pneumatic pressure applied to the actuator opens the vent either automatically or semiautomatically whensmoke isdetected. If the tempera-ture increases to the melting point of a fusible plug 58 in the sensor, the plug melts, reducing the pressure to the actuator~ The coil spring forces the blades closed.
The fusible link 44 also melts and spring driven bolt locks the blades closed.
It will be appreciated that this invention can also employ a electrical operating system and such an equivalent operating system i5 shown schematically in Figure 4. In this electrical embodiment power is supplied to suitable electrically operated actuator 60 over lines 62. Power is supplied over the lines in response to smoke opening the blades against a spring closing bias. Fire melts thermal fuse sensors 64 in series in the line and interrupts power to the actuator. The spring closes the blades and a fusible link melts locking the blades closed in the sa~e manner as previously described ~or the pneumatic ver-sion.
Those skilled in the art will recogni~e that only preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein and that the embodiment may be altered and modified without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. A vent comprising in combination:
a blade moveable between a blocking and a venting position;
means normally urging said blade to its blocking position;
means for exerting a force to move said blade to its venting position in response to an alarm condi-tion;
first means responsive to heat for relieving said force so that said blade returns to its blocking position; and second means responsive to heat for locking said blade in its blocking position.
a blade moveable between a blocking and a venting position;
means normally urging said blade to its blocking position;
means for exerting a force to move said blade to its venting position in response to an alarm condi-tion;
first means responsive to heat for relieving said force so that said blade returns to its blocking position; and second means responsive to heat for locking said blade in its blocking position.
2. A vent as in claim 1 wherein said second means includes a spring driven bolt held in a retract position against the force of the spring by a fusible link.
3. A vent as in claim 1 wherein said means for exerting a force is a pneumatic motor.
4. A vent as in claim 1 wherein said means for exerting a force is a electric motor.
5. A vent as in claim 2 wherein said means for exerting a force is a pneumatic motor.
6. A vent as in claim 2 wherein said means for exerting a force is a electric motor.
7. A vent as in claim 3 further including a pair of heat responsive sensors on either side of said vent connected to said pneumatic motor to relieve the pneumatic pressure to said motor.
8. A vent as in claim 3 further including a pair of heat responsive sensors on either side of said vent connected to said electric motor to interrupt electric power to said motor.
9. A vent comprising in combination:
a blade moveable between a blocking and a venting position;
means normally urging said blade to its blocking position;
means for moving said blade to its venting position in response to an alarm condition;
first means responsive to heat for returning said blade to its blocking position; and second means responsive to heat for locking said blade in its blocking position.
a blade moveable between a blocking and a venting position;
means normally urging said blade to its blocking position;
means for moving said blade to its venting position in response to an alarm condition;
first means responsive to heat for returning said blade to its blocking position; and second means responsive to heat for locking said blade in its blocking position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000435757A CA1200461A (en) | 1983-08-31 | 1983-08-31 | Apparatus for both venting smoke and blocking fire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000435757A CA1200461A (en) | 1983-08-31 | 1983-08-31 | Apparatus for both venting smoke and blocking fire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1200461A true CA1200461A (en) | 1986-02-11 |
Family
ID=4125980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000435757A Expired CA1200461A (en) | 1983-08-31 | 1983-08-31 | Apparatus for both venting smoke and blocking fire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1200461A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0343766A2 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-29 | Colt International Holdings A.G. | Device for the preferably pneumatic automatic actuation of ventilation flaps in particular |
| US4911065A (en) * | 1989-04-11 | 1990-03-27 | Philips Industrial Components Inc. | Damper with override control |
-
1983
- 1983-08-31 CA CA000435757A patent/CA1200461A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0343766A2 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-29 | Colt International Holdings A.G. | Device for the preferably pneumatic automatic actuation of ventilation flaps in particular |
| EP0343766A3 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-04-18 | Colt International Holdings A.G. | Device for the preferably pneumatic automatic actuation of ventilation flaps in particular |
| US4911065A (en) * | 1989-04-11 | 1990-03-27 | Philips Industrial Components Inc. | Damper with override control |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |