CA1281622C - Apparatus for controlling tension of film material for lamination thereof - Google Patents
Apparatus for controlling tension of film material for lamination thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1281622C CA1281622C CA000498592A CA498592A CA1281622C CA 1281622 C CA1281622 C CA 1281622C CA 000498592 A CA000498592 A CA 000498592A CA 498592 A CA498592 A CA 498592A CA 1281622 C CA1281622 C CA 1281622C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- film material
- tension
- computer
- dancer
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H39/00—Associating, collating, or gathering articles or webs
- B65H39/16—Associating two or more webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
- B32B38/1825—Handling of layers or the laminate characterised by the control or constructional features of devices for tensioning, stretching or registration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
- B65H23/18—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web
- B65H23/182—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations
- B65H23/1825—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations and controlling web tension
Landscapes
- Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An apparatus for automatically adjusting the tension on materials being laminated or joined comprising a pair of supply rolls for said materials. A feed assembly is provided for unwinding and feeding the film materials to laminating rolls.
Dancer arms are provided for adjusting the tension on the film materials. Computer actuated pneumatic assemblies automatically adjust the position of the dancer arms dependent on a signal to the computer from a device measuring the tension on the laminate from the laminating rolls.
An apparatus for automatically adjusting the tension on materials being laminated or joined comprising a pair of supply rolls for said materials. A feed assembly is provided for unwinding and feeding the film materials to laminating rolls.
Dancer arms are provided for adjusting the tension on the film materials. Computer actuated pneumatic assemblies automatically adjust the position of the dancer arms dependent on a signal to the computer from a device measuring the tension on the laminate from the laminating rolls.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an apparatus for automati-cally adjusting the tension on materials being laminated or joined together.
When manufacturing disposable diapers or like pro-ducts, two film-like materials which have different moduli of elasticity are fed to laminating rolls. However, the tension on these materials must be limited to certain predetermined ranges.
It i5 found that most converting machines have a tension operating range requirement in order to run well. The ! range is determined by the general qualities of the materials to be run, requiring certain specific machine pull station speed settings and unwind tension levels. For instance, if tensions ; are too low, the material will not track properly. If tensions i are too high, material tearing, slipping or bonding problems may ' result. As material elasticities change, web tensions will ~j change in the machine. This invention requires automatic adjust-j able tension devices on the unwind systems of the two materials to be laminated or joined -- a downstream tension detector on the laminate or joined web and a control logic system.
:~ ~ i The concept according to the present invention is to il automatically vary the unwind system tensions of the two mater-ials (within precise limits) in a fixed ratio equal to the ratio ~ .
~::
~ -2-_ ~_L
of their approximate average elasticities (expressed as units of stretch per unit or unwind tension on the full material width).
The unwind systems will be varied automatically in order to stabilize the reading on the downstream tension indicator to a manually set target.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Photo-electric sensing devices are shown in United States Patent No. 2,088,984 to Tandel. The position of the web i8 measured rather than the thickness thereof.
' In the past, load cells and dancer arms have been J used to control the tension on a web being fed as disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,753,128, as well as in Japanese Patent No. 44-12163 and British Patent No. 1,371,760.
,~ ,.
The United States Patent No. 2,627,296 to Secrest discloses an apparatus including means for adjusting the tension in a web of fabric.
In United States~Patent No. 3,239,161 to Dutro et al there is discLosed a drive control mechanism which dispenses an ;J~j elongated web of~material with the speed and tension thereof being adjustable.
United States Patent No. 3,510,374 to ~alker dis-.
closes a control apparatus for sensing a property of a movingweb and adjusting the moving web so that the desired property is unifonm throughout the web.
:
~ -3-In United States Patent No. 3,107,679 to Pawlowski, there is disclosed an automatic tension control device which utilizes either pneumatic or electrical circuitry to maintain the tension in a web of material substantially constant.
The United States Patent No. 3,762,125 to Prena discloses a device for controlling the lamination of one material onto another material which utilizes a photocell 50 which is responsive to indicia 48 on the film "F" which sends the information to a control box 34 of a clutch 39, which con-trols the stretch rolls 38a and 38b to thereby keep the two webs lined up with one another.
United States Patent No. 4,437,993 to Leonard dis-closes a tension monitoring and controlling means which includes ' a controller responsive to outpute of the tension sensing trans-ducer thereof a reference tension selector for controlling torque applied to the tension control roll to thereby control the web tension.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
I It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for maintaining a viable range of film material tensions which is achieved from measuring the tension on the i laminates from the laminating rolls.
In order to achieve the object of the invention, there is provided a computerized converting machine wherein film !
fed from supply rolls are automatically tensioned at rates I
~; :
~ -4-~281622 commensurate with the relative elasticity of the film materials.
Pneumatically operated pivoted dancer arms engage the film material for adjusting the tension thereon. The positions of the dancer arms are measured and fed as are inputs to the computer of the converting machine as is a signal from a device for measuring the final tension on the laminate as it comes from the laminating rolls.
The present invention thus provides an automatic tension setting apparatus comprising a first supply roll for a first film material, feed means for unwinding and feeding said first film material, laminating means, a dancer arm engaging said first film material, first pneumatic means for adjusting said dancer arm to vary the tension on said first film material, a second film material on a second supply roll, feed means for unwinding said second film material to said laminating means, a second dancer arm engaging said second film material, and second pneumatic means for adjusting the position of said second dancer arm for varying the tension on said second film material, a computer, and means for measuring the tension on the laminate of said first film material and said second film material operatively connected to said computer to provide a signal thereto, said computer being operatively connected to said first and second pneumatic means to operate said first and second pneumatic means dependent on said signal from said measuring means.
As well, the automatic tension setting apparatus may also include a rotational sensor means for sensing the rotational position of each said first and second dancer arms.
This invention also provides for an apparatus for ,.. ~,.. " .,. :,,,, . . - . ... .. .
,, ~ : . " .
- -: ~ . . - . , : - - . . - : .
lX8~6ZZ
laminating two different film materials fed at varying tensions from supply rolls for said film materials comprising adjustable dancer arms for engaging the film material, a computer, means for initially setting the tension on said film materials, means connected to said computer for controlling the position of said dancer arms, means for measuring the tension on the laminate connected to said computer so that the loads on the dancer arms will be automtically regulated to control the tension on said laminate.
By way of illustration but not limitation, an embodiment of this invention will be hereinafter described with reference to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for use in a converting machine for automatically setting the tension of film materials being laminated.
j~ ; ,'' : ~; ' ' ; ', ' . ,' ,' , . ::
l~8~6zz DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With continuing reference to the accompanying draw-ing, the apparatus according to the invention serves to auto-matically vary the tension on each of two film materials 12 and 14 to maintain the tensions thereon within desirable ranges.
The apparatus 10 includes supply rolls 16 and 18 for film materials 12 and 14. Unwind motors 20 and 22 drive endless belts 24 and 26 for unwinding film materials 12 and 14. Roll sets 30 and 32 can be idlers, or driven, to "tendency driven"
(to reduce friction and drag on the web), which ser~e to deliver the film materials 12 and 14 to laminating rolls 34 and 36, ; which are separately driven, or a like device for laminating and/or joining film materials 12 and 14.
; The apparatus 10 includes a computer 38 or micro-processor which controls the speed of motors 20 and 22 by out- ¦
, puts 40 and 42. The approximate modulus of elasticity of each of the film materials 12 and 14 is manually set in the computer 38 as inputs.
, Pivotally mounted at 50 and 52 are dancer arms 54 and 56 carrying idler rolls 58 and 60 about which the film materials 12 and 14 are entrained. Air regulators 68 and 70 controlled by Lnputs 72 and 74 from the computer function with j ~ associated pneumatically operated pistons to control the posi-tlon of dancer arms 54 and 56.
~ , : , : :
~ ~.
~ -6- 1 ~za~
The position of the dancer arms 54 and 56 is deter-mined by measuring devices 74 and 76 which send signals as in-puts 78 and 80 to the computer 38.
A measuring device 82 measures the final tension on the laminate of the two materials 12 and 14 fed from the lamina-ting rolls 34 and 36.
The computer 38 is programmed so as to maintain the tension on the film materials 12 and 14 at optimum range so as -to prevent accidental bonding, tearing or improper feed causing failures in the laminate by adjusting the position of the dancer arms and the speed of the unwind motors dependent mainly upon the input from the tension measuring device 82 and the initial manually set inputs.
The speed of the laminating rolls 34 and 36 can be independent. The speed of motor 20 is automatically adjusted to keep/return the dancer arm 54 to a fixed position (midpoint or horizontal in the Fig.). The speed of motor 22 is automatically ,i adjusted to keepjreturn the dancer arm 56 to a fixed position ,l (midpoint or horizontal in the Fig.). The air pressures or loads on the two dancer arms are automatically regulated (in a preset ratio) to keep the web tension at sensor 82 within a pre-determined range.
~: :
::~
~ -7-
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an apparatus for automati-cally adjusting the tension on materials being laminated or joined together.
When manufacturing disposable diapers or like pro-ducts, two film-like materials which have different moduli of elasticity are fed to laminating rolls. However, the tension on these materials must be limited to certain predetermined ranges.
It i5 found that most converting machines have a tension operating range requirement in order to run well. The ! range is determined by the general qualities of the materials to be run, requiring certain specific machine pull station speed settings and unwind tension levels. For instance, if tensions ; are too low, the material will not track properly. If tensions i are too high, material tearing, slipping or bonding problems may ' result. As material elasticities change, web tensions will ~j change in the machine. This invention requires automatic adjust-j able tension devices on the unwind systems of the two materials to be laminated or joined -- a downstream tension detector on the laminate or joined web and a control logic system.
:~ ~ i The concept according to the present invention is to il automatically vary the unwind system tensions of the two mater-ials (within precise limits) in a fixed ratio equal to the ratio ~ .
~::
~ -2-_ ~_L
of their approximate average elasticities (expressed as units of stretch per unit or unwind tension on the full material width).
The unwind systems will be varied automatically in order to stabilize the reading on the downstream tension indicator to a manually set target.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Photo-electric sensing devices are shown in United States Patent No. 2,088,984 to Tandel. The position of the web i8 measured rather than the thickness thereof.
' In the past, load cells and dancer arms have been J used to control the tension on a web being fed as disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,753,128, as well as in Japanese Patent No. 44-12163 and British Patent No. 1,371,760.
,~ ,.
The United States Patent No. 2,627,296 to Secrest discloses an apparatus including means for adjusting the tension in a web of fabric.
In United States~Patent No. 3,239,161 to Dutro et al there is discLosed a drive control mechanism which dispenses an ;J~j elongated web of~material with the speed and tension thereof being adjustable.
United States Patent No. 3,510,374 to ~alker dis-.
closes a control apparatus for sensing a property of a movingweb and adjusting the moving web so that the desired property is unifonm throughout the web.
:
~ -3-In United States Patent No. 3,107,679 to Pawlowski, there is disclosed an automatic tension control device which utilizes either pneumatic or electrical circuitry to maintain the tension in a web of material substantially constant.
The United States Patent No. 3,762,125 to Prena discloses a device for controlling the lamination of one material onto another material which utilizes a photocell 50 which is responsive to indicia 48 on the film "F" which sends the information to a control box 34 of a clutch 39, which con-trols the stretch rolls 38a and 38b to thereby keep the two webs lined up with one another.
United States Patent No. 4,437,993 to Leonard dis-closes a tension monitoring and controlling means which includes ' a controller responsive to outpute of the tension sensing trans-ducer thereof a reference tension selector for controlling torque applied to the tension control roll to thereby control the web tension.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
I It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for maintaining a viable range of film material tensions which is achieved from measuring the tension on the i laminates from the laminating rolls.
In order to achieve the object of the invention, there is provided a computerized converting machine wherein film !
fed from supply rolls are automatically tensioned at rates I
~; :
~ -4-~281622 commensurate with the relative elasticity of the film materials.
Pneumatically operated pivoted dancer arms engage the film material for adjusting the tension thereon. The positions of the dancer arms are measured and fed as are inputs to the computer of the converting machine as is a signal from a device for measuring the final tension on the laminate as it comes from the laminating rolls.
The present invention thus provides an automatic tension setting apparatus comprising a first supply roll for a first film material, feed means for unwinding and feeding said first film material, laminating means, a dancer arm engaging said first film material, first pneumatic means for adjusting said dancer arm to vary the tension on said first film material, a second film material on a second supply roll, feed means for unwinding said second film material to said laminating means, a second dancer arm engaging said second film material, and second pneumatic means for adjusting the position of said second dancer arm for varying the tension on said second film material, a computer, and means for measuring the tension on the laminate of said first film material and said second film material operatively connected to said computer to provide a signal thereto, said computer being operatively connected to said first and second pneumatic means to operate said first and second pneumatic means dependent on said signal from said measuring means.
As well, the automatic tension setting apparatus may also include a rotational sensor means for sensing the rotational position of each said first and second dancer arms.
This invention also provides for an apparatus for ,.. ~,.. " .,. :,,,, . . - . ... .. .
,, ~ : . " .
- -: ~ . . - . , : - - . . - : .
lX8~6ZZ
laminating two different film materials fed at varying tensions from supply rolls for said film materials comprising adjustable dancer arms for engaging the film material, a computer, means for initially setting the tension on said film materials, means connected to said computer for controlling the position of said dancer arms, means for measuring the tension on the laminate connected to said computer so that the loads on the dancer arms will be automtically regulated to control the tension on said laminate.
By way of illustration but not limitation, an embodiment of this invention will be hereinafter described with reference to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for use in a converting machine for automatically setting the tension of film materials being laminated.
j~ ; ,'' : ~; ' ' ; ', ' . ,' ,' , . ::
l~8~6zz DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With continuing reference to the accompanying draw-ing, the apparatus according to the invention serves to auto-matically vary the tension on each of two film materials 12 and 14 to maintain the tensions thereon within desirable ranges.
The apparatus 10 includes supply rolls 16 and 18 for film materials 12 and 14. Unwind motors 20 and 22 drive endless belts 24 and 26 for unwinding film materials 12 and 14. Roll sets 30 and 32 can be idlers, or driven, to "tendency driven"
(to reduce friction and drag on the web), which ser~e to deliver the film materials 12 and 14 to laminating rolls 34 and 36, ; which are separately driven, or a like device for laminating and/or joining film materials 12 and 14.
; The apparatus 10 includes a computer 38 or micro-processor which controls the speed of motors 20 and 22 by out- ¦
, puts 40 and 42. The approximate modulus of elasticity of each of the film materials 12 and 14 is manually set in the computer 38 as inputs.
, Pivotally mounted at 50 and 52 are dancer arms 54 and 56 carrying idler rolls 58 and 60 about which the film materials 12 and 14 are entrained. Air regulators 68 and 70 controlled by Lnputs 72 and 74 from the computer function with j ~ associated pneumatically operated pistons to control the posi-tlon of dancer arms 54 and 56.
~ , : , : :
~ ~.
~ -6- 1 ~za~
The position of the dancer arms 54 and 56 is deter-mined by measuring devices 74 and 76 which send signals as in-puts 78 and 80 to the computer 38.
A measuring device 82 measures the final tension on the laminate of the two materials 12 and 14 fed from the lamina-ting rolls 34 and 36.
The computer 38 is programmed so as to maintain the tension on the film materials 12 and 14 at optimum range so as -to prevent accidental bonding, tearing or improper feed causing failures in the laminate by adjusting the position of the dancer arms and the speed of the unwind motors dependent mainly upon the input from the tension measuring device 82 and the initial manually set inputs.
The speed of the laminating rolls 34 and 36 can be independent. The speed of motor 20 is automatically adjusted to keep/return the dancer arm 54 to a fixed position (midpoint or horizontal in the Fig.). The speed of motor 22 is automatically ,i adjusted to keepjreturn the dancer arm 56 to a fixed position ,l (midpoint or horizontal in the Fig.). The air pressures or loads on the two dancer arms are automatically regulated (in a preset ratio) to keep the web tension at sensor 82 within a pre-determined range.
~: :
::~
~ -7-
Claims (7)
1. An automatic tension setting apparatus comprising a first supply roll for a first film material, feed means for unwinding and feeding said first film material, laminating means, a dancer arm engaging said first film material, first pneumatic means for adjusting said dancer arm to vary the tension on said first film material, a second film material on a second supply roll, feed means for unwinding said second film material to said laminating means, a second dancer arm engaging said second film material, and second pneumatic means for adjusting the position of said second dancer arm for varying the tension on said second film material, a computer, and means for measuring the tension on the laminate of said first film material and said second film material operatively connected to said computer to provide a signal thereto, said computer being operatively connected to said first and second pneumatic means to operate said first and second pneumatic means dependent on said signal from said mea-suring means.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first and second dancer arms are each pivotally mounted and located between said supply rolls and said laminating means.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said computer includes means for manually setting the comparative elasticity therein of said first and second film materials.
4. An automatic tension setting apparatus comprising a first supply roll for a first film material, feed means for unwinding and feeding said first film material, laminating means, a dancer arm engaging said first film material, first pneumatic means for adjusting said dancer arm to vary the tension on said first film material, a second film material on a second supply roll, feed means for unwinding said second film material to said laminating means, a second dancer arm engaging said second film material, and second pneumatic means for adjusting the position of said second dancer arm for varying the tension on said second film material, a computer, and means for measuring the tension on the laminate of said first film material and said second film material operatively connected to said computer to provide a signal thereto, said computer being operatively connected to said first and second pneumatic means to operate said first and second pneumatic means dependent on said signal from said mea-suring means, and rotational sensor means for sensing the rota-tional position of each said first and second dancer arms.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said rotational sensor means is operatively connected to said computer so that the location of said dancer arms is furnished as an input signal to said computer.
6. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said rotational sensor means is operatively connected to said computer so that the location of said dancer arms is furnished as an input signal to said computer, and further input means to said computer for manually setting the relative elasticity of said first and second film materials.
7. An apparatus for laminating two different film materials fed at varying tensions from supply rolls for said film materials comprising adjustable dancer arms for engaging the film material, a computer, means for initially setting the tension on said film materials, means connected to said computer for controlling the position of said dancer arms, means for mea-suring the tension on the laminate connected to said computer so that the loads on the dancer arms will be automatically regulated to control the tension on said laminate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68694284A | 1984-12-27 | 1984-12-27 | |
| US686,942 | 1984-12-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1281622C true CA1281622C (en) | 1991-03-19 |
Family
ID=24758377
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000498592A Expired CA1281622C (en) | 1984-12-27 | 1985-12-24 | Apparatus for controlling tension of film material for lamination thereof |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU580124B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE903959A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1281622C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2575448B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2173485B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1208726B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2587983B1 (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1993-02-05 | Colgate Palmolive Co | DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING A RANGE OF VOLTAGES ON TWO DIFFERENT MATERIALS, PARTICULARLY THE TWO SHEETS OF A BABY LAYER |
| US4838498A (en) | 1988-02-22 | 1989-06-13 | Rockwell International Corporation | Web tensioning system |
| EP1187301B1 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 2006-10-04 | ATOP S.p.A. | Wire tensioner for dynamo-electric machine coil winder |
| US5826774A (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1998-10-27 | Axis Usa, Inc. | Wire tensioner for dynamo-electric machine coil winder |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2088984A (en) * | 1935-04-15 | 1937-08-03 | C G Haubold Ag | Setting device for the entry section of tensioning or tentering and drying machines for webs |
| US3335928A (en) * | 1965-06-09 | 1967-08-15 | Hurletron Inc | Control of web elongation |
| SE379927B (en) * | 1974-02-18 | 1975-10-27 | Lilla Edets Pappersbruks Ab | |
| NZ190690A (en) * | 1978-06-21 | 1981-03-16 | Johnson & Johnson | Production of absorbent facing material |
| FR2458501B1 (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1986-03-21 | Astin France | DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE TENSION OF A TRAVELING BELT |
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 IT IT8548959A patent/IT1208726B/en active
- 1985-12-24 AU AU51711/85A patent/AU580124B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-12-24 GB GB08531734A patent/GB2173485B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-24 CA CA000498592A patent/CA1281622C/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-24 FR FR8519170A patent/FR2575448B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-30 BE BE0/216077A patent/BE903959A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2173485B (en) | 1989-01-18 |
| GB8531734D0 (en) | 1986-02-05 |
| BE903959A (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| IT1208726B (en) | 1989-07-10 |
| AU5171185A (en) | 1986-07-03 |
| IT8548959A0 (en) | 1985-12-19 |
| GB2173485A (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| FR2575448B1 (en) | 1988-10-14 |
| FR2575448A1 (en) | 1986-07-04 |
| AU580124B2 (en) | 1989-01-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |