AU2021101645A4 - Balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry - Google Patents
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- AU2021101645A4 AU2021101645A4 AU2021101645A AU2021101645A AU2021101645A4 AU 2021101645 A4 AU2021101645 A4 AU 2021101645A4 AU 2021101645 A AU2021101645 A AU 2021101645A AU 2021101645 A AU2021101645 A AU 2021101645A AU 2021101645 A4 AU2021101645 A4 AU 2021101645A4
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000342 Monte Carlo simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009991 pite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000293655 pite Species 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
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Abstract
A balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry, which calculates a preference
of the consumers to a specific trait of similar breeds, and calculates a market share of
a specific breed with a plurality of specific traits in competition with the similar
breeds; calculates an influence of the performance of the specific trait on the market
share and an influence of the breed selling price on the market share, and calculates an
economic weighted value of a target trait preferred, the breed selling price and the
market share; calculates a comprehensive selection index based on the economic
weighted value of the target trait, and selects and eliminates individuals according to
the calculated index. The balanced breeding method provided by the present
application fully embodies the concept of modern commercial breeding of livestock
and poultry, and makes the determination of breeding targets more reasonable and the
breeding selection more efficient.
1
Drawings
itW*OM6 14saf~o tiME !+
-111I1f FMInWiMa:#f$Mafo
f P- ItT 15 qq E n :
six V l-a$
FIG. 1
2
Drawings
Start
I 12|AJ -W A M R E tiJ - Taking consumers who are willing to buy
tTI, iti@ a certain breed as a group, calculate a
AItkl9 kf preference of the consumers to a specific
trait of similar breeds
M tNIMEX -A]f fTIaflM Calculate a market share of a specific
Au, it n I*t fIX A breed with a plurality of specific traits in
E*e k9 A9 f Itk competition with the similar breeds based
itE P 1if k Ikz, itIti*t NtE' on the preference of the consumers to the
tJIJY X9 i 4Tik 9ti Fh1 specific traits of the similar breeds;
ff4 T i tk IfJ9 R calculate an influence of the performance
of the specific trait on the market share
and an influence of the breed selling price
on the market share according to the
market share
TtMM4)u4fA , P fflPfrtI-tfl0itMk Calculate an economic weighted value of
ifIYW, it-IMV,{ f HltJ AIXL7 a target trait preferred by the consumers
ZWfAfll based on the preference of the consumers,
the breed selling price and the market
share
3
Drawings
tJ t Calculate a comprehensive selection
0 MPth I Nit 9k/ /JniffJ '-> * index based on the economic weighted
i~ifJfkt, $3XJXIMW'ttkq value of the target trait, and select and
eliminate individuals according to the
calculated index to realize the balanced
breeding of livestock and poultry
M 3End
Description
Drawings
itW*OM6 14saf~o tiME !+
-111I1f FMInWiMa:#f$Mafo f P- ItT 15 qq E n :
six V l-a$
FIG. 1
Drawings
Start
I 12|AJ -W A M R EtiJ - Taking consumers who are willing to buy
tTI, iti@ a certain breed as a group, calculate a
AItkl9 kf preference of the consumers to a specific
trait of similar breeds
M tNIMEX -A]f fTIaflM Calculate a market share of a specific
Au, it n I*t fIX A breed with a plurality of specific traits in
E*e k9 A9 f Itk competition with the similar breeds based PitE 1if k Ikz, itIti*t NtE' on the preference of the consumers to the
tJIJY X9 i 4Tik 9ti Fh1 specific traits of the similar breeds;
ff4 tk Ti IfJ9 R calculate an influence of the performance
of the specific trait on the market share
and an influence of the breed selling price
on the market share according to the
market share
TtMM4)u4fA , P fflPfrtI-tfl0itMk Calculate an economic weighted value of
ifIYW, it-IMV,{ f HltJ AIXL7 a target trait preferred by the consumers
ZWfAfll based on the preference of the consumers,
the breed selling price and the market
share
Drawings
tJ t Calculate a comprehensive selection
MPtIh Nit 9k/ '-> * /JniffJ index based on the economic weighted
i~ifJfkt, $3XJXIMW'ttkq value of the target trait, and select and
eliminate individuals according to the
calculated index to realize the balanced
breeding of livestock and poultry
3End M
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the research field of genetics and breeding planning,
in particular to a balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry.
Background Art
Balanced breeding of livestock and poultry refers to selection of breeds with the best
comprehensive performance under specific market conditions. Through
comprehensive index selection, different selection weights for different traits are the
key to realize balanced breeding. The derivation of the economic weighted value of a
target trait of each trait consumer is the core link of breeding planning and design
based on the determination of breeding targets. The traditional method is to use a
marginal profit method considering the price factor to derive a single trait. Since the
market competition factors and consumer preferences are not considered, it is not
completely suitable for modern commercial breeding of livestock and poultry.
In fact, the prices of the similar breeds are not the same in market competition.
Regardless of other factors, the selling price of each breed is influenced by the
consumer preference, and also by the production performance of various economic
traits of the breed itself. Therefore, the economic weighted values of the breeding
target traits of the similar breeds of breeding organizations are not the same. Similarly,
under different market competition environments, in the face of different consumers,
the economic weighted values of the breeding target traits should be adjusted
accordingly. Therefore, a comprehensive breeding method is urgently needed.
Description
Summary
In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to
provide a balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry, which combines
consumer preference, breed selling price and market share to derive the economic
weighted value of a target trait, and achieves the goal of balanced breeding through
comprehensive index selection, which fully embodies the concept of modern
commercial breeding of livestock and poultry, and makes the determination of
breeding targets more reasonable and the breeding selection more efficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the present application adopts the following technical
solution:
A balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry includes the following steps:
step 1: taking consumers who are willing to buy a certain breed as a group, calculating
a preference of the consumers to a specific trait of similar breeds;
step 2: calculating a market share of a specific breed with a plurality of specific traits
in competition with the similar breeds based on the preference of the consumers to the
specific traits of the similar breeds; calculating an influence of the performance of the
specific trait on the market share and an influence of the breed selling price on the
market share according to the market share;
step 3: calculating an economic weighted value of a target trait preferred by the
consumers based on the preference of the consumers, the breed selling price and the
market share;
step 4: calculating a comprehensive selection index based on the economic weighted
value of the target trait, and selecting and eliminating individuals according to the
Description
calculated index to realize the balanced breeding of livestock and poultry, wherein
the similar breeds have several traits with specific economic values, including
superior traits and inferior traits, the superior traits are specific traits with trait
phenotypic values superior to that of a competing breeding company, and the inferior
traits are specific traits with trait phenotypic values inferior to that of the competing
breeding company.
Further, a method for calculating the preference of the consumers to the specific trait
of the similar breeds is:
P= fz, dt,
where z, exp(-0.5t) /(2r)° t= e1(x 1- pi)/s P is the proportion of the
consumers accepting the specific trait i; zi is the distribution height of a curve at
position ti; tj is a standard score; xi is the actual level of the trait i; s is a distribution
function standard deviation expressed in currency unit, ej is the economic value of the
trait i; pi is an average acceptable value for the consumers to the production
performance of the trait i.
Further, a method for calculating the market share of the specific breed with the
plurality of specific traits in competition with the similar breeds is:
MS= Cx (fIx P2 X -.- X n)
where MS is the market share of the specific breed; C is a constant, which is directly
related to the number of breeding companies and the number of target traits in a
competitive market;
Description
a method for calculating the influence of the performance of the specific trait on the
market share is:
dMs/dx,= (e, / s)x(z, /P)x(P x PX.- XPE)
the formula is also expressed as an increase of the market share after a unit increase of
the performance of the specific trait on the basis of current level;
a method for calculating the influence of the breed selling price on the market share
is:
dMs/dx,=(e,/s)(2/c)° 5 X(PxPX...XP)
where xp, is an average acceptable price for the consumers to the trait i; the formula is
also expressed as a decrease of the market share after a unit increase of the price on
the basis of the average acceptable price.
Further, a method for calculating the economic weighted value of the target trait is:
vi = (dMs / dxi) / (-1x (dMs / dxp,)) = e, x (zi / FI)x (/T/ 2)0
where vi is the economic weighted value of the breeding target trait;
=exp(-0.5(e 1 *(x-,)/s)2 )/(2r)°5 , where aci is the average level of the trait i
of the similar breeds of the competing company,
p=ac,-cf*( (ej*(x-acj))/e,) x,-pi=(x,-ac,)*(1-cf)
t=e *(x-ac)*(-cf)/s, and cf is a compensation factor, that is, a compensation
from the superior traits to the inferior traits.
Further, a method for calculating the comprehensive selection index is:
Description
= Z(v7 * x,)
where vi is the economic weighted value, and xi is the standardization data of the trait.
The present application has the following beneficial effects:
The balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry provided by the present
application combines the consumer preference to the specific traits of the similar
breeds, the breed selling price and the market share to obtain the economic weighted
value of the target trait, and then calculates the comprehensive selection index based
on the economic weighted value of the target trait, and selects and eliminates
individuals according to the calculated comprehensive selection index to achieve the
purpose of balanced breeding, which fully embodies the concept of modern
commercial breeding of livestock and poultry and makes the determination of
breeding targets more reasonable and the breeding selection more efficient.
Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a flowchart of a balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry
provided by the present application.
Description of the Embodiments
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present
application clearer, the present application will be further described below with
reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1
A balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry includes the following steps:
Description
step 1: taking consumers who are willing to buy a certain breed as a group, calculating
a preference of the consumers to a specific trait of similar breeds;
step 2: calculating a market share of a specific breed with a plurality of specific traits
in competition with the similar breeds based on the preference of the consumers to the
specific traits of the similar breeds; calculating an influence of the performance of the
specific trait on the market share and an influence of the breed selling price on the
market share according to the market share;
step 3: calculating an economic weighted value of a target trait preferred by the
consumers based on the preference of the consumers, the breed selling price and the
market share;
step 4: calculating a comprehensive selection index based on the economic weighted
value of the target trait, and selecting and eliminating individuals according to the
calculated index to realize the balanced breeding of livestock and poultry, wherein
the similar breeds have several traits with specific economic values, including
superior traits and inferior traits, the superior traits are specific traits with trait
phenotypic values superior to that of a competing breeding company, and the
inferior traits are specific traits with trait phenotypic values inferior to that of the
competing breeding company.
Alternatively, a method for calculating the preference of the consumers to the specific
trait of the similar breeds is:
PI= fz dt
Description
where z, exp(-0.5t) /(2r)° t= e1(x 1- pi)/s P is the proportion of the
consumers accepting the specific trait i; zi is the distribution height of a curve at
position ti; tj is a standard score; xi is the actual level of the trait i; s is a distribution
function standard deviation expressed in currency unit, ej is the economic value of the
trait i; pi is an average acceptable value for the consumers to the production
performance of the trait i.
Alternatively, a method for calculating the market share of the specific breed with the
plurality of specific traits in competition with the similar breeds is:
MS= Cx (fIx P2 X -.- X n)
where MS is the market share of the specific breed; C is a constant, which is directly
related to the number of breeding companies and the number of target traits in a
competitive market;
a method for calculating the influence of the performance of the specific trait on the
market share is:
dMs/dx,= (e, /s)x (z,/ )x (PxP x.--xP)
the formula is also expressed as an increase of the market share after a unit increase of
the performance of the specific trait on the basis of current level;
a method for calculating the influence of the breed selling price on the market share
is:
dMs / dx = (e, / s)x (2 /c) 5 X(PXPX... XF)
where xp, is an average acceptable price for the consumers to the trait i; the formula is
Description
also expressed as a decrease of the market share after a unit increase of the price on
the basis of the average acceptable price.
Alternatively, a method for calculating the economic weighted value of the target trait
is:
vi = (dMs / dxi) /(1x (dMs / dx,)) = e i x (z / 7)x (/T/ 2)"
where vi is the economic weighted value of the breeding target trait;
=exp(-O.5(e,*(x-p)/s) 2 )/(2r)°, where aci is the average level of the trait i
of the similar breeds of the competing company,
p=ac,-cf*( (e* (x -acj))/e,) x,-pp=(x,-ac,)*(1-cf)
t1 =e 1 *(x-ac)*(-cf)/s, and cf is a compensation factor, that is, a compensation
from the superior traits to the inferior traits.
When the economic weighted value of the target trait is calculated, price is regarded
as an independent trait. In addition to the specific performance of the specific trait, the
consumer recognition to the products of the breeding company is also influenced by
other traits of the breed itself. For example, if the specific trait of the breed of a
certain company is inferior to that of the similar product of the competing company,
but other traits of the breed of the company are superior to that of the similar products
of the competing company, then consumers may also think that the breed of the
company is acceptable, that is, the superior traits make a certain compensation to the
inferior traits. Here, a compensation factor is set to calculate the economic weighted
value of the breeding target trait.
Alternatively, a method for calculating the comprehensive selection index is:
Description
= Z(v1 * x,)
where vi is the economic weighted value, and xi is the standardization data of the trait.
The present application will be further described below through a specific example.
Taking consumers (breeding farms) who are willing to buy a certain breed taken as a
group for research, simulated calculation were performed to the breeding of
high-quality broilers, so as to realize the balanced selection of efficiency trait and
meat quality trait.
Based on the above research, CCPS combined with pure breed and hybrid
performance was used as a breeding model. Pure lines were selected by collecting
hybrid phenotypic data and combining with their own performance in the lines. Apure
line group, a parent generation and a commercial generation of a CCPS breeding
system were simulated by adopting a Monte Carlo method. The pure lines were
continuously selected for 10 generations without overlapping the generations. The
basic group (generation 0) was composed of non-inbred individuals having no genetic
relationship with each other, the individuals of generation 1 were generated by
random mating of males and females in the basic group, the remaining generations
were selected according to an estimated breeding value, and then the individuals of
the next generation were generated by random mating on the premise of avoiding sib
mating until the selection experiment of the 10 generations was completed. In the
same parameter combination selection experiment, the population size and
male-female mating ratio of each generation remained constant.
A laying efficiency trait and a meat quality trait were included in the breeding
program at the same time. Target traits included a growth efficiency trait and a meat
Description
quality trait. Selection traits included meat quality index, 43-week egg production,
-week body weight, feed conversion ratio, and dressing percentage. According to
the biological characteristics of each trait, simulated values of 5 indexes of 10 groups
were randomly generated by MATLAB software as the market average level of each
trait. By comparing the actual performance level of lines A, B, C and D with the
market average level, the traits with the actual level 10% higher than the market
average level were defined as superior traits, and the traits with the actual level 10%
lower than the market average level were defined as inferior traits. In order to
simplify the calculation, compensation factor parameters were set to [0:0.05:1], the
different economic weighted values of traits were calculated through 20 different
compensation factors, and the optimal combination of various parameters was carried
out with the goal of achieving the maximum genetic progress at the 10th generation.
Finally the economic weighted values of different traits of four specialized lines based
on consumer preference were determined, and the balanced selection of meat quality
trait and laying efficiency trait of specialized lines through hybrid combination was
realized, as shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3.
Description
Table 1 Economic weighted values of traits of different lines calculated according to
balanced selection method
Index Line C Line D Line A Line B
10-week body weight (kg) W 1.42 /
/ Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg )FCR -0.42 -0.63 /
/ Dressing percentage (%) DP / 1.63 / -0.25
43-week egg production EN / / 0.48 1.25
Meat quality index (score) MQI / / 0.52
/ Table 2 Economic weighted values of traits of different lines in hybridization
Cx(AxB)y calculated according to balanced selection method
Index Line C Line A Line B
10-week body weight (kg) W 1.40 0.69 /
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg ) FCR -0.62 -0.36 /
Dressing percentage (%) DP 0.80 /
43-week egg production EN / 0.67 0.76
Meat quality index (score) MQI / / 0.24
Description
Table 3 Economic weighted values of traits of different lines in two-line
hybridization AxB Ycalculated according to balanced selection method
Index Line A Line B
10-week body weight (kg) W 1.40 0.29
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg ) FCR -0.62
Dressing percentage (%) DP 0.80
43-week egg production EN 0.55
Meat quality index (score) MQI 0.16
Compared with the traditional method of calculating the economic weighted value of
the trait after only using the marginal profit method to promote the marginal benefit,
the breeding progress of the present application is increased by more than 25%.
The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application have
been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the
present application is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment. The
above-mentioned embodiment and the description only describe the principle of the
present application. On the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the
present application, various changes and improvements may be made to the present
application, which, however, shall fall into the scope of protection of the present
application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the
attached claims and equivalents thereof
Claims (5)
1. A balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry, wherein the method
comprises the following steps:
step 1: taking consumers who are willing to buy a certain breed as a group, calculating
a preference of the consumers to a specific trait of similar breeds;
step 2: calculating a market share of a specific breed with a plurality of specific traits
in competition with the similar breeds based on the preference of the consumers to the
specific traits of the similar breeds; calculating an influence of the performance of the
specific trait on the market share and an influence of the breed selling price on the
market share according to the market share;
step 3: calculating an economic weighted value of a target trait preferred by the
consumers based on the preference of the consumers, the breed selling price and the
market share;
step 4: calculating a comprehensive selection index based on the economic weighted
value of the target trait, and selecting and eliminating individuals according to the
calculated index to realize the balanced breeding of livestock and poultry, wherein
the similar breeds have several traits with specific economic values, including
superior traits and inferior traits, the superior traits are specific traits with trait
phenotypic values superior to that of a competing breeding company, and the
inferior traits are specific traits with trait phenotypic values inferior to that of the
competing breeding company.
2. The balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry according to claim 1,
wherein a method for calculating the preference of the consumers to the specific trait
of the similar breeds is:
Claims
I.
PI= fz dt,
where z, exp(-.5t)/(2r)° t= e1(x 1- pi)/s P is the proportion of the
consumers accepting the specific trait i; zi is the distribution height of a curve at
position ti; ti is a standard score; xi is the actual level of the trait i; s is a distribution
function standard deviation expressed in currency unit, ej is the economic value of the
trait i; pi is an average acceptable value for the consumers to the production
performance of the trait i.
3. The balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry according to claim 2,
wherein a method for calculating the market share of the specific breed with the
plurality of specific traits in competition with the similar breeds is:
MS= Cx (fIx P2 X -.- X n)
where MS is the market share of the specific breed; C is a constant, which is directly
related to the number of breeding companies and the number of target traits in a
competitive market;
a method for calculating the influence of the performance of the specific trait on the
market share is:
dMs/dx,= (e, / s)x(z, /P)x(P x PX.- XPE)
the formula is also expressed as an increase of the market share after a unit increase of
the performance of the specific trait on the basis of current level;
a method for calculating the influence of the breed selling price on the market share
Claims
is:
dMs/dx =(e,/s)x(2/c)° x(P xP2x...XF)
where xp, is an average acceptable price for the consumers to the trait i; the formula is
also expressed as a decrease of the market share after a unit increase of the price on
the basis of the average acceptable price.
4. The balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry according to claim 3,
wherein a method for calculating the economic weighted value of the target trait is:
vi = (dMs / dxi) / (-1Ix (dMs / dxp,)) = e, x (zi / 1) x (/T / 2)o0"
where vi is the economic weighted value of the breeding target trait;
= exp(-0.5(e 1 *(x-,)/s)2 )/(2r)°, where aci is the average level of the trait i
of the similar breeds of the competing company,
p=ac,-cf*( (ej*(x-acj))/e,) x,-pi=(x,-ac,)*(1-cf)
t=e *(x-ac)*(1-cf)/s, and cf is a compensation factor, that is, a compensation
from the superior traits to the inferior traits.
5. The balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry according to claim 4,
wherein a method for calculating the comprehensive selection index is:
I = (v,* x,)
where vi is the economic weighted value, and xi is the standardization data of the trait.
FIG. 1 Drawings
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021101645A AU2021101645A4 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021101645A AU2021101645A4 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021101645A4 true AU2021101645A4 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
Family
ID=75911168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021101645A Ceased AU2021101645A4 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Balanced breeding method for livestock and poultry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2021101645A4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2034800B1 (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-09 | Sichuan Acad Of Animal Science | Breeding method of extra-high quality broiler chickens with green legs and yellow-grey feather |
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 AU AU2021101645A patent/AU2021101645A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2034800B1 (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-09 | Sichuan Acad Of Animal Science | Breeding method of extra-high quality broiler chickens with green legs and yellow-grey feather |
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