Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

ATE261301T1 - Arzneizubereitungen enthaltend nicht-steroidale entzündungshemmende arzneimittel - Google Patents

Arzneizubereitungen enthaltend nicht-steroidale entzündungshemmende arzneimittel

Info

Publication number
ATE261301T1
ATE261301T1 AT95936694T AT95936694T ATE261301T1 AT E261301 T1 ATE261301 T1 AT E261301T1 AT 95936694 T AT95936694 T AT 95936694T AT 95936694 T AT95936694 T AT 95936694T AT E261301 T1 ATE261301 T1 AT E261301T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
pct
steroidal anti
date
sec
inflammatory drug
Prior art date
Application number
AT95936694T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence John Penkler
Lueta Ann Glintekamp
Douglas George Murra Nicholson
Oudtshoorn Michiel Coenraa Van
Original Assignee
Farmarc Nederland Bv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Farmarc Nederland Bv filed Critical Farmarc Nederland Bv
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE261301T1 publication Critical patent/ATE261301T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6949Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
    • A61K47/6951Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/192Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/196Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino group being directly attached to a ring, e.g. anthranilic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, chlorambucil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • A61K31/404Indoles, e.g. pindolol
    • A61K31/405Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/5415Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. phenothiazine, chlorpromazine, piroxicam
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/542Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
AT95936694T 1994-11-15 1995-11-14 Arzneizubereitungen enthaltend nicht-steroidale entzündungshemmende arzneimittel ATE261301T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA949055 1994-11-15
PCT/GB1995/002679 WO1996014839A1 (en) 1994-11-15 1995-11-14 Pharmaceutical composition comprising non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE261301T1 true ATE261301T1 (de) 2004-03-15

Family

ID=25584578

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT95936694T ATE261301T1 (de) 1994-11-15 1995-11-14 Arzneizubereitungen enthaltend nicht-steroidale entzündungshemmende arzneimittel

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5854226A (de)
EP (1) EP0792147B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH10508835A (de)
CN (1) CN1171738A (de)
AT (1) ATE261301T1 (de)
AU (1) AU694577B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69532678D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996014839A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA959469B (de)

Families Citing this family (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1283029B1 (it) * 1996-05-17 1998-04-03 Resa Farma Composizioni farmaceutiche a base di diclofenac
WO1996041646A2 (en) * 1995-06-13 1996-12-27 Dyer, Alison, Margaret Pharmaceutical compositions containing lornoxicam and cyclodextrin
US6974595B1 (en) * 1996-05-17 2005-12-13 Proethic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Pharmaceutical compositions based on Diclofenae
US7687542B2 (en) 1996-05-17 2010-03-30 Kowa Pharmaeuticals America, Inc. Rapidly bioavailable tablet and capsule formulations of diclofenac
FR2768339A1 (fr) * 1997-09-18 1999-03-19 Neufville Axel De Utilisation d'un oxicam en tant qu'anti-migraineux
TR200100708T2 (tr) 1998-09-10 2001-07-23 Nycomed Danmark A/S İlaç maddelerine mahsus çabuk salımlı farmasötik bileşimler.
US8231899B2 (en) 1998-09-10 2012-07-31 Nycomed Danmark Aps Quick release pharmaceutical compositions of drug substances
DE19912436A1 (de) * 1999-03-19 2000-09-21 Merckle Gmbh Ibuprofen-Lösung
ES2171110B1 (es) * 2000-03-03 2003-06-16 Aplicaciones Farmacodinamicas Composicion farmaceutica a base de ibuprofeno y procedimiento para su preparacion.
US7049146B2 (en) 2000-11-14 2006-05-23 Facet Analytical Services And Technology, Llc Calibration standards, methods, and kits for water determination
US7122376B2 (en) * 2001-11-01 2006-10-17 Facet Analytical Services And Technology, Llc Calibration standards, methods, and kits for water determination
US8206741B2 (en) 2001-06-01 2012-06-26 Pozen Inc. Pharmaceutical compositions for the coordinated delivery of NSAIDs
US20050227911A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2005-10-13 Solubest Ltd. Hydrophilic dispersions of nanoparticles of inclusion complexes of macromolecules
US20050233003A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2005-10-20 Solubest Ltd. Hydrophilic dispersions of nanoparticles of inclusion complexes of salicylic acid
US6878693B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2005-04-12 Solubest Ltd. Hydrophilic complexes of lipophilic materials and an apparatus and method for their production
US7700851B2 (en) * 2001-11-13 2010-04-20 U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Tobacco nicotine demethylase genomic clone and uses thereof
ITMI20012749A1 (it) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-21 Chiesi Farma Spa Procedimento per la preparazione mediante trattamento con microonde di composti di inclusione tra farmaco e ciclodestrine e prodotti ottenut
AU2003270727A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-08 Luna Innovations, Inc. Remote temperature sensing of small volume and related apparatus thereof
US8216610B2 (en) * 2004-05-28 2012-07-10 Imaginot Pty Ltd. Oral paracetamol formulations
CA2572359C (en) * 2004-06-29 2010-08-03 Nycomed Danmark Aps Manufacturing of quick release pharmaceutical compositions of water insoluble drugs and pharmaceutical compositions obtained by the process of the invention
BRPI0512756A (pt) 2004-07-07 2008-04-08 Aft Pharmaceuticals Ltd composição farmacêutica de combinação para o tratamento de dor, método de controle de dor, uso de uma composição e embalagem farmacêutica incluindo comprimidos ou cápsulas
US20060088590A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Banner Pharmacaps, Inc. Non-blooming gelatin and non-gelatin formulations
WO2006068768A2 (en) * 2004-11-24 2006-06-29 Hanna Skubatch Methods and compositions for treating conditions
JO3352B1 (ar) 2005-06-17 2019-03-13 Apr Applied Pharma Res Sa صيغ دايكلوفيناك وطرق استخدامه
EP3263117A1 (de) 2005-11-28 2018-01-03 Imaginot Pty Ltd. Abgabesystem für eine orale therapeutische verbindung
US7939561B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2011-05-10 Apr Applied Pharma Research S.A. Blister packaging for acute pain regimens
US7700125B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2010-04-20 Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. Moisture resistant container systems for rapidly bioavailable dosage forms
CN101410123A (zh) 2006-03-28 2009-04-15 杰佛林制药公司 低剂量的双氯芬酸和β-环糊精的制剂
US7557088B2 (en) * 2006-03-28 2009-07-07 Neopro Labs, Llc Methods and compositions for treating conditions
JP2009531451A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2009-09-03 ジャヴェリン ファーマシューティカルズ インコーポレイテッド 低投与量の非ステロイド系抗炎症薬及びβ−シクロデキストリンの配合物
US7985542B2 (en) 2006-09-07 2011-07-26 Institut Pasteur Genomic morse code
EP1974751A1 (de) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-01 The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co. Formulierungen für nichtsteroidale entzündungshemmende Arzneimittel
EP2152725A1 (de) 2007-05-17 2010-02-17 Neopro Labs, LLC Kristalline und amorphe peptidformen
CN101765665B (zh) 2007-06-07 2014-07-23 西蒙斯单倍体有限公司 用于基因绘图和单元型分型的原位方法
WO2009012472A2 (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Neopro Labs, Llc Methods and compositions for treating conditions
US7662858B2 (en) 2008-05-23 2010-02-16 Aaipharma, Inc. Method of treating post-surgical acute pain
EA201100313A1 (ru) 2008-09-09 2011-10-31 Астразенека Аб Способ доставки фармацевтической композиции пациенту, нуждающемуся в этом
US8618164B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2013-12-31 Nuvo Research Inc. Treatment of pain with topical diclofenac compounds
SG176724A1 (en) 2009-06-25 2012-01-30 Astrazeneca Ab Method for treating a patient at risk for developing an nsaid-associated ulcer
JP2013500713A (ja) 2009-07-31 2013-01-10 サントル オスピタリエ ウニヴェルシテール ヴォドア Hcv感染患者においてc型肝炎の転帰を診断又は予測する方法
US20110052679A1 (en) 2009-08-25 2011-03-03 Pharmaceutics International, Inc. Solid naproxen concentrates and related dosage forms
GB0922377D0 (en) 2009-12-22 2010-02-03 Arab Gulf University The Mutant LDL receptor
EP2394641A1 (de) 2010-05-30 2011-12-14 Abdi Ibrahim Ilac Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Pharmazeutische Formulationen von Lornoxicam
WO2013001504A1 (en) 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (C.H.U.V.) Polymorphisms associated with non-response to a hepatitis c treatment or susceptibility to non-spontaneous hepatitis c clearance
WO2013101897A2 (en) 2011-12-28 2013-07-04 Pozen Inc. Improved compositions and methods for delivery of omeprazole plus acetylsalicylic acid
CA2861077A1 (en) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-08 Baxter International Inc. Non-anticoagulant sulfated or sulfonated polysaccharides
CA3204396A1 (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-08-18 Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising meloxicam
ITUB20161016A1 (it) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-24 Emenem Srl Composizioni farmaceutiche o cosmetiche comprendenti un polimero e un promotore di assorbimento per il rilascio controllato di principi attivi
EP3548637A1 (de) 2016-11-29 2019-10-09 Genomic Vision Verfahren zum entwurf eines satzes von polynukleotidsequenzen zur analyse von spezifischen ereignissen in einer genetischen region von interesse
US11197830B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2021-12-14 Aft Pharmaceuticals Limited Pharmaceutical composition containing acetaminophen and ibuprofen

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU176215B (en) * 1978-01-27 1981-01-28 Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszet Process for preparing a cyclodextrin-indomethacin inclusion complex with a ratio of at about 2:1
JPS5920230A (ja) * 1982-07-19 1984-02-01 チバ−ガイギ−・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト ピルプロフエン含有薬剤
IT1196033B (it) * 1984-02-22 1988-11-10 Chiesi Farma Spa Composto ad attivita' antiinfiammatoria ottenuto per complessazione con beta-ciclodestrina e relative formulazioni farmaceutiche
GB8813682D0 (en) * 1988-06-09 1988-07-13 Reckitt & Colmann Prod Ltd Pharmaceutical compositions
US5206025A (en) * 1989-05-24 1993-04-27 Rhone-Poulenc Sante Porous pharmaceutical form and its preparation
US5376645A (en) * 1990-01-23 1994-12-27 University Of Kansas Derivatives of cyclodextrins exhibiting enhanced aqueous solubility and the use thereof
IT1241088B (it) * 1990-03-27 1993-12-29 Chiesi Farma Spa Procedimento per la preparazione di complessi piroxicam/ciclodestrina,prodotti ottenuti e loro composizioni farmaceutiche
EP0519428B1 (de) * 1991-06-21 2000-09-20 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Zyklodextrin-Zusammensetzung enthaltend Fumagillol-Derivate
US5472954A (en) * 1992-07-14 1995-12-05 Cyclops H.F. Cyclodextrin complexation
US5362758A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-11-08 Pfizer Inc. Ophthalmic piroxicam solution
GB9316580D0 (en) * 1993-08-10 1993-09-29 Smithkline Beecham Plc Pharmaceutical composition
US5646131A (en) * 1994-02-22 1997-07-08 The Arab Company For Drug Industries And Medical Applicances (Acdima) Method for solubilizing drugs using cyclodextrins and carboxylic acids
JPH10500982A (ja) * 1994-05-27 1998-01-27 ファーマーク、ネダーランド、ベスローテン、フェンノートシャップ 医薬組成物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3853895A (en) 1996-06-06
AU694577B2 (en) 1998-07-23
DE69532678D1 (de) 2004-04-15
CN1171738A (zh) 1998-01-28
EP0792147B1 (de) 2004-03-10
US5854226A (en) 1998-12-29
WO1996014839A1 (en) 1996-05-23
JPH10508835A (ja) 1998-09-02
ZA959469B (en) 1996-05-15
EP0792147A1 (de) 1997-09-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69532678D1 (de) Arzneizubereitungen enthaltend nicht-steroidale entzündungshemmende Arzneimittel
DZ1884A1 (fr) Formulations orales liquides d'alendronate.
ATE202926T1 (de) Pharmazeutische brausepräparate enthaltend bioabbaubare mikrokapseln zur kontrolierten wirkstofffreisetzung
AU1079701A (en) Oral transmucosal drug dosage using solid solution
ATE280572T1 (de) Verabreichung von arzneistoffen im unteren verdauungstrakt
EP1275381A4 (de) Feste überzogene zubereitungen mit zeitabhängiger freisetzung zur oralen verabreichung
DE69519685D1 (de) Oral anzuwendende arzneizubereitung mit verzögerter wirkstoffabgabe
ATE205705T1 (de) Arzneimittel zum wirkstoff - targetting in den dickdarm
ATE279914T1 (de) Oral anzuwendendes arzneimittel zur wirkstoffverabreichung im magendarmtrakt
HUP0204159A2 (hu) Prosztaglandin-készítmények és alkalmazásuk erekciós zavarok kezelésére szolgáló gyógyszerek előállítására
NO306894B1 (no) Anvendelse av galanthamin for fremstilling av en farmasöytisk formulering for behandling av nikotinavhengighet
DE69306379D1 (de) Inhalierbare arzneimittel
ATE213633T1 (de) Lamotrigin haltiges arzneimittel
CY1110184T1 (el) Φαρμακευτικη συνθεση για μαλακες καψουλες για χορηγηση απο το στομα η οποια περιεχει βινορελβινη και μεθοδος θεραπειας
AR035946A1 (es) Composiciones farmaceuticas estrogenicas para usar en el tratamiento de desordenes en mujeres perimenopausicas, menopausicas o posmenopausicas, y usos de dichas composiciones para la preparacion de medicamentos
CA1333773C (en) Antitussive liquid compositions containing phenol
MXPA01009297A (es) Composiciones bioadhesivas, medicadas, topicas y metodos para su uso y preparacion.
KR950031049A (ko) 풍미된 필름 제피를 함유하는 고형의 약제학적 용량형
Turner Maalox. Antacid: see ALUMINIUM
BENSERAZIDE et al. conditions: see DEXAMETHASONE
TH22304A (th) สารเตรียมทางเภสัชกรรมแบบหลายหน่วยที่มีสารยัยยั้งปั๊มโปรตอน
CA2388431A1 (en) Oral pharmaceutical composition for soft capsules containing vinorelbine and method of treatment
TH31315B (th) รูปขนาดใช้ยาทางเภสัชกรรมสำหรับให้ทางปาก ซึ่งประกอบรวมด้วยสารยับยั้บการดึงโปรตอน และ nsaid

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties