NL1039487C2 - DEVICE FOR SEPARATING MIXTURES. - Google Patents

Description

Title: Device for separating admixtures.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating admixtures, such as leaves and deciduous residues, clods, stones, clay, stems, etc., in particular for potato processing machines, including also potato harvesting machines, carrot processing machines, etc. The invention is not strictly limited to the removal of admixtures with or to potatoes, but can also be used for the removal of admixtures with or with all sorts of other types of products with a crop, such as is the case with onions, bulbs, carrots, tubers, etc.

Moreover, the present invention can be used in the separation of various types of non-crops, as can be the case in the separation of various types of waste and the like.

For the sake of clarity and understanding, the application of the present invention in the potato processing industry will be assumed in the following.

The separation / transport device in question consists of a number of steel and / or rubberized roll bodies, which are arranged next to each other with parallel axes, between which tension / clamping bodies vibrating substantially perpendicular to the transport direction are placed, which at the top have a substantially vertical elastic "to the product and to a lesser extent to the admixture.

Steel, plastic, ribbed or grooved roll bodies, of course, can be used.

The operation of the device is thus obtained by the multiple cooperation between a rotating body (roll) and a flexible and compressible body, which makes an approximately elliptical "impact" movement.

The smooth elliptical thrust movement is limited by four adjustable points.

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Because the vibrating tensile / clamping bodies alternately narrow and widen the "wedge" spaces between the rolling bodies, the potatoes contained in the wedge are pushed out of the wedge upwards and over the next rolling body and possibly reinforced in the transport direction (transport direction). feed or transport impulse) can be pushed, certainly if the top of the tensile / clamping bodies are beveled.

The admixtures are clamped alternately in the area of the wedge and moved downwardly through the space between the rolling bodies with a high degree of certainty through the cooperation between the transport rollers and the vibrating tensile / clamping bodies and discharged by gravity without further additional aids .

Because the vibrating tensile / clamping bodies at the top can have an elastically impacting effect on the spherical elastically-resilient potatoes, they also cooperate in removing and removing adhered clay (the so-called wallpaper) on the potatoes. Moreover, the thrust movement helps to separate any admixtures adhered to the product.

The elastically impacting effect on other products, such as stones, soil, foliage and the like is minimal and is therefore thrown less or not, which in itself already causes a layer separation; the stones, soil, foliage and the like collect in the lower transport layer and on top of that are the potatoes (the product).

By placing the separating device as a whole at an angle and this can be forwards, backwards or sideways, the conveying direction of the product and the conveying direction of the admixture need not be the same.

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Since the "tossing effect" (or "bouncing effect") on the product is greater than on the admixture, it is quite conceivable that the product is discharged against the direction of rotation of the rolling bodies and in the opposite direction of the tilting position, while the admixtures with be carried along in the direction of rotation and be discharged between the rolling bodies.

The effect of gravity on the generally relatively heavier product also plays a major role in this.

The vibrating tensile / clamping bodies are (whether or not locally designed differently) provided with rubber with a certain flexibility, compressibility and skid resistance; for example a hollow profile of flexible and compressible rubber for clamping and removing, for example, hard objects such as stones.

Determining the adjustment of the eccentricities (or the setting of the boundary points) and the height results of the elliptically moving tensile / clamping bodies and for adjusting the moving speeds of the tensile / clamping bodies are the types of admixtures, the hardness of the tensile / clamping bodies and the type of product to be harvested or processed without damaging or reducing the quality of the product.

The conveyor belt possibly located above the transport with relatively long fingers (scrapers, carriers, etc.) can ensure a better forced throughput of the potatoes, provided that it moves with the transport direction and inhibits transport if it is stationary or rotates slower than the transport rollers, the separation process of foliage and potatoes could then be more effective.

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Various separation techniques for separating deciduous stones and the like from potatoes are already known, for example as shown in the patents under numbers 6B 2 145 612 A (PEARSON), EP 0730 399 (GRIMME), GB 762 571 A1 (2) 2 57 575 A1 ( GRIMME), DE 198 33 001 A 1 (GRIMME), and FR 1,228,425 (LANZ) and various others, including the Dahlmann separation machine.

All intended transport and to obtain a separating effect on the basis of two cooperating IQ rotating bodies.

All aim for a propulsion of potatoes, while the admixtures are removed, whether or not forced, by means of a so-called "working gap".

At all, the transport in the feed direction and the separation of admixtures are accomplished separately and, as such, also constructed separately. The often used elastic yielding transport roller fingers alone ensure the separation and hardly contribute to transport in the direction of transit.

For all, the transport in the direction of transit is influenced by means of, among other things, height difference.

All of them ignore the resolution for non-crops such as waste and the like.

At all, no attention is paid to the difference in the throw-up effect between the product and the admixture.

The shocking transport effect with the aid of the shock-absorbing effect for a conveyor belt is already known in 1956 (GS 762 571) and therefore permits a rubberized transport roller as well as a roller jacket of elastically yielding material as well as a steel (stainless steel) roller.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved method and device for separating admixtures, wherein the maximum adjustment and adjustment possibilities are available in order to allow optimum purification to take place, which can be better adapted to the conditions under which harvesting is to take place. , or on the diversity of batches of potatoes to be processed in the potato processing factory.

5 Shape, size, weight, frictional force and elasticity (bounce) have a major influence.

To this end, according to the present invention, a varying cross-linking is applied to the admixtures to be removed.

To this end, the gap spaces between the conveyor feed rollers are frequently reduced and enlarged by means of the elliptical movement of the tension / clamping bodies, such that the admixtures to be separated between the transported products are pulled out with greater certainty in the vertical sense.

In the following, the invention will be further elucidated as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in Figs. 1 to Fig. 3. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment represented in the drawings and described in the foregoing, that can be varied in various ways within the scope of the invention. It is therefore expressly stated that embodiments other than those shown under Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, based on the principles of the invention, belong to the present invention.

Here, one can explicitly think of the separation of non-crops, such as waste and the like, but also of transport directions other than perpendicular to the rollers along with the direction of rotation of the rollers, 6 such as:

Perpendicular to the rollers against the direction of rotation of the rollers by placing the device as a whole backwards.

Parallel to the rollers with the device as a whole placed at an angle and optionally thereby provided with transport tracks.

Further details and advantages also according to the descriptions and drawings below.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of the horizontal arrangement of the device for separating admixtures.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional section of the device of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the device at the location of two adjacent rolling bodies.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of the horizontal principle arrangement of the device 1 for separating admixtures. From the base frame 2 from the drive 3 placed thereon, the eccentric 6 and 7 are driven uniformly and synchronously by means of chains 4 and 5. The eccentric rods 8 and 9 are rocked to and fro by means of the eccentric 6 and 7, because they are rotatably and height-adjustable also coupled to the pivot point 10, in which the length-adjustable rocker rod 11 is also coupled. The rocker bar 11 occurs on either side of the device 1 and are both coupled as such to the rocking chair 12, which is adjustable in height at the location of its slot attachments 13 on the base frame 2, so that the skew position of the rocker shafts 11 can be adjusted .

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The push rods 8 and 9 are rigidly adjustable in height (and not specified in detail) with the push table 14, which precisely transfers the movements of the push rod 9 at the table connecting point 15 to the table connecting point 16, which is also used as a table connecting point 15 is adjustable in height and is connected to the push rods 8 and 9 respectively, so that the push rods 8 and 9 run completely synchronously. The movement of the push table 14 imposed by the push rods 8 and 9 is similar to an ellipse movement with: a) a bump length corresponding to the long axis of an ellipse and determined by the eccentricity of the eccentric shafts 6 and 7.

b) a transverse displacement corresponding to the short axis of an ellipse and determined by the adjustable height to which the rocker shafts 11 are mounted on the push rods 8 and 9.

c) a location with respect to the fixed base frame 2 and therefore also with respect to the roller frame 17 coupled to the base frame, which is schematically represented by the imaginary supports 18 and 19. The location referred to herein can be adjusted by moving the eccentric sprocket wheels 20 and 21 in a horizontal position relative to the base frame 2.

On the elliptical moving ram table 14, releasable ram supports 22 extending at equal horizontal distances and extending over the effective width of the device 1 are provided and on which the tension / clamping members 23 are arranged. The tensile / clamping bodies 23 can be made in various compositions, as indicated in the introduction, whereby natural admixtures, but also compressible articles, such as bricks and the like, can be discharged. The various compositions of the tension / clamping bodies 23 also include, for example, the designs from a hollow rubber profile and the like.

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As an example, the roller part 17 in Fig. 1 consists of seven identical rollers 24 extending over the effective width of the device 1, all of which have the same direction of rotation 25 and the same speed. The tops of the rubbered or smooth steel rollers 24 are generally at the same height or are set higher or lower than the highest tappings of the rubberized tension / clamping members 23. This height can be determined experimentally.

As soon as the elliptical movement goes in the downward direction, the tensile / clamping body 23 moves as close as possible towards the rolling bodies 24, so that clamping occurs on the intermediate admixtures not further specified in Fig. 1.

On the underside of the roll bodies 24 and / or roll bodies 24, which are generally roundly uniformly rubberized, scrapers 29 can be arranged against the roll bodies 24 to prevent caking as much as possible.

Fig. 1 furthermore shows the horizontal conveying direction 26 of the potatoes, as well as possibly applied rubber flaps or flexible fingers 27, which are clamped on one side in holders 28 arranged over the full width of the device 1.

The resilient flaps or fingers make the transport of admixtures more difficult, while the transport of round-like products, such as potatoes, can go more smoothly.

In order to obtain an even smoother transport, the entire device 1 can be placed at an angle 30 forwards by means of the height-adjustable machine feet 30.

Another method is to place the entire device 1 backwards at an angle while maintaining the direction of rotation 25 of the rolling bodies 24; the situation then arises that the tossing movement of the clamping / pulling bodies 23 and the gravitational action on the product, the direction of transport 26 of the product reverses in direction and in size.

Furthermore, the roller bodies 24 can be uniformly rubberized all around with a quality and hardness, which improves the skid resistance and the elasticity.

Fig. 2 shows a section of the device 1 of Fig. 1 staggered over the center 31.

The electric motor drive 3 is visible on the right-hand side, from which the triple sprocket 33 is driven by means of the sprocket 32. The triple sprocket 33, provided with a bearing eccentric 6, is mounted on a first drive shaft 34 running transversely over the device 1, which drive shaft is designed with a bearing bearing 2 and 2 via bearings 35 and 36. The same eccentric 37 is provided on the first drive shaft 34. as the eccentric 6 and 7 mounted with the same bearing rod 38 mounted thereon, such as the ram 8 and 9.

Further shown in Fig. 2 are: the table coupling point 16, as well as the identical table coupling point 39, the ram table 14, ram supports 22 and the pull 40 clamping members 23 which can be detached from the left side over the center 31 and on the right side over the center 31 roller body 24, the highest line 41 of which is drawn below the highest position of the edge of a tension / clamp body 23.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device 1 at the location of two adjacent roller bodies 24. The roller bodies 24 rotate identically and in the same directions of rotation 42 in accordance with the conveying direction 26 of the potatoes 43, the layer thickness of which is somewhat determined by the schematic flexible flap 27 shown.

The flap 27 may also consist of fingers which are not further specified and which, like a flap, contribute to the fact that the product is also transported through the device 1 more easily than the admixture, so that the potatoes tend to go beyond the admixture. roll.

The pull / clamping body 23, which is hollow, for example, made of rubber, is made visible in various successive voices 44,45,46 and 47 between the adjacent roller bodies 24. In the highest position 44, the potato 43 is pushed up, while in the next position 45 the foliage 48 is drained downward. Other schematically indicated admixtures 49 are also taken down due to the compressibility of the roller body 24 and due to the flexibility of the tension / clamp body.

The admixtures are released in the lowest position 46.

The upward intermediate position 47 indicates that the roller body 24 is generally not touched.

The positions 44, 45, 46 and 47 are actually executed in a smooth motion and represent an elliptical motion.

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Claims (15)

Method and device for separating admixtures, such as leaves and deciduous residues, clods, stones, clay, stems, etc., in particular for potato processing machines, characterized in that the present invention is not strictly limited to the removal of admixtures to or on potatoes, but also when removing admixtures with or to all sorts of other types of products with undesirable admixtures, crop residues, etc., as is the case with onions, bulbs, carrots, tuber crops, etc. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claim 1 with a number of transport rollers running side by side and in the same direction, characterized in that the invention is not strictly limited to the removal of admixtures with or on potatoes, but also to removal of admixtures with or to all kinds of non-crops, as may be the case with the separation of different types of waste. 3. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 and 2 with a number of conveyor rollers running side by side and in the same direction, characterized in that the conveyor rollers are positioned perpendicular to the feed direction. Method and device for separating admixtures according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that bumps / pull bodies 30 are moved between the transport rollers perpendicular to the feed-through direction. 35 1039487 Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the impact / pull bodies perpendicular to the feed direction carry out an elliptical flowing movement, the downward movement being the removing admixture movement and wherein during the upward movement the product is thrown more than the admixture. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the impact / pull bodies perpendicular to the feed direction carry out an elliptical smooth movement, whereby other selections on the product are made on the basis of this specific movement can take place, such as on cross-section, shape, weight, frictional force, formability, elasticity (corresponding bounce effect), etc. 7. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the impact / pull bodies perpendicular to the feed direction carry out an elliptical flowing movement, whereby the admixtures possibly adhered to the product are detached from each other . 8. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the elliptical movement is fully adjustable and adjustable with respect to the fixed steel, plastics and / or rubberized roll bodies; smooth or grooved. 30 Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pushers can consist of a hollow rubber profile, which is flexible and compressible, while sufficient grip can be exerted on the admixtures. As a result, non-compressible objects and the like are more easily grasped and discharged. 10. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tops of the pushers can be provided with flat, possibly slightly profiled, elastic yielding material. The pushers then do not have to have a transport function, which is the case, for example, when the entire device is horizontal. Here, the plunger then only has a separating function in layering on the basis of certain properties, such as elastic resilience, sphericality and the like. 11. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tops of the pushers can be provided with obliquely possibly slightly profiled elastic yielding material. The slope is then arranged in the direction of transit of the product to be transported. 12. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the relatively long pull / clamp side of the pushers can be provided with ribbed or flat profiled elastic yielding material. 13. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the present invention is applicable to various transport arrangements, such as: the machine as a whole, horizontally and perpendicular to the rolling bodies with the rotation direction of the rolling bodies along. the machine as a whole, obliquely backwards and perpendicular to the roll bodies against the direction of rotation of the roll bodies, the machine as a whole, obliquely forward and perpendicular to the roll bodies with the rotation direction of the roll bodies. 35 the machine as a whole, obliquely sideways, forwards and parallel to the rolling bodies along with the direction of rotation of the rolling bodies and possibly provided with tracks. the machine as a whole, tilted sideways, backwards 5 and parallel to the rolling bodies with the direction of rotation of the rolling bodies and possibly provided with tracks. 14. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that with different transport arrangements the transport directions of the product and of the admixture need not be the same, as a result of which a separation of product and admixture is created. 15. Method and device for separating admixtures according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that flaps or fingers moving on top of the flow of potatoes or moving along the flow direction, respectively, can be placed so that a more controlled transport speed. 20 25 30 35 1039487