MXPA97007058A - Cellular resin block and structural unit for outer structure using such bloc - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure unit which is a block of light cellular resin and a plurality of bricks placed thereon. A cable 1 of cellular resin is integrally molded of suitable foamable resin in order to include vertical grooves 3 in the transversely opposite ends, a passage 5 for vertical bar in the transverse half and holes 8 for mortar that extend over the upper end of the block 1. A brick 20 is placed with adhesive on the surface of block 1, using an elastic mortar to form a structure unit A. The vertical reinforcement bars are inserted in vertical grooves 3 as well as in the vertical intermediate passageway 5 for bar and then the mortar is emptied into the mortar holes 8 to perform the masonry work. For the blocks in each of the other stages, portions of the vertical divisions 4 extend above the mortar holes 8 and break apart to form the supports for horizontal bars. In this manner, a desired external structure such as a wall, a fence door post or the like is formed in the same manner as with concrete blocks.

Description

CELLULAR RESIN BLOCK AND STRUCTURAL UNIT FOR OUTER STRUCTURE USING SUCH BLOCK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION CAMPOTECHNICAL OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a block of cellular resin and a structural unit for external structure using such a block.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE The exterior structure such as an exterior wall finish with ceramic material, for example, tiles, bricks or the like is usually erected by a series of field works comprising the steps of forming the concrete body, then rolling a plurality of bricks in the same by means of adhesive mortar and filling the empty spaces of the brick with bonding mortar. Such fieldwork is a problem and often requires relatively long work deadlines. To avoid this, it can be contemplated to prefabricate the structural units for the factory exterior structure and then assemble these units on the site. However, in view of the weight of the structural unit, special machines must be used including a crane which has not been used in such works to place the structural units on the site. In view of the situation mentioned in the foregoing, it is a main object of the invention to provide a cellular resin block and a structural unit for external structure using such a block allowing works for the external structure of the type mentioned in the above to be simplified and therefore allowing operators to achieve easier and more reliable jobs within a relatively short period of time without using any special machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to carry out the object set forth in the foregoing, the invention provides a block of lightweight cellular resin that replaces the concrete block of the well-known art and a structural unit using such a block of cellular resin. It will be easy for operators experienced in concrete block masonry to form a structural body from a plurality of cellular resin blocks 1 and then provide this structural body with an exterior finish, or build a desired external structure directly from the structural unit. With regard to the formation of the cell resin block by itself, the invention proposes to reduce an amount of resin used for forming each block and make a light weight block with adequate strength. This is achieved, according to the invention, by providing plural vertical partitions between a pair of reciprocating base plates opposite each other to connect these base plates. The vertical partitions define plural vertical passages that extend between the pair of base plates and thereby increase an empty content. An increased empty content will increase a quantity of mortar for the mason's work since a portion of mortar tends to flow in the vertical passages. To avoid this, a limited number of vertical passages necessary for the arrangement of vertical reinforcement bars are used, as the vertical bar passages extend completely through the block and the remaining vertical passages are formed as vertical closing cavities, so Both a quantity of mortar flow is minimized. In view of the fact that the cellular resin can be easily fractured, the vertical closure cavities are adapted to be fractured through and therefore used as additional vertical bar passages when a current situation at the work site requires it. Specifically, when the vertical bar passages are not aligned with the initially opposed vertical bar passages, the vertical closing cavities may be selectively fractured through to be used as additional vertical bar passages. Various aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to the appended claims. The defined invention relates to a block of cellular resin integrally molded from suitable foamable resinous material, the cellular resin block comprises a pair of reciprocating base plates opposite each other, plural vertical partitions connecting the pair of base plates, two of the vertical partitions provided on the transversely opposite ends of the block defining a pair of notches verticals, respectively, adapted to form vertical bar passages in combination with the corresponding vertical notches of the other two blocks as soon as these two blocks are assembled from both sides against the first mentioned block, vertical partitions defining plural vertical passages between the two blocks. vertical notches, passages of vertical bars extending completely through the block formed by a selective passage or more of the plural vertical passages defined by the vertical partitions, and lower walls of the mortar pit extending horizontally between the remaining vertical passages of the passages see plural fibers defined by the vertical partitions at a level above their vertically average level to form mortar pits on the remaining vertical passages and simultaneously form vertical closure cavities adapted to be optionally used as additional vertical bar passages fracturing through the bottom walls of corresponding mortar pit. The arrangement characterized herein substantially achieves the object set forth in the foregoing. The invention is defined in relation to a cell resin block, wherein a single vertical bar step is provided which extends completely through the block in order to facilitate the work of the masonry according to the standard bar arrangement reinforcers and this individual vertical bar pitch is formed by a transverse middle passage of the plural vertical passages defined by the plural vertical partitions. The defined invention relates to a block of cellular resin, wherein at least those of the plural vertical partitions provided at the transversely opposite ends of the block extending substantially along the total height of the base plates between the same; and wherein at least the portions of the vertical partitions extending over the lower walls of mortar pits can be separated only when they require supporting a horizontal reinforcement bar to form horizontal bar supports on the lower walls of the pits. mortar. Such an arrangement allows the work of masonry to be stabilized and therefore allows a load of structure to be supported safely. The invention defined by claim 4 relates to a block of cellular resin according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base plates of reciprocating reciprocating motion or plural vertical partitions are provided at their lower ends and upper with position configurations in the formation of indentations adapted to be coupled with those of the adjacent blocks. Such an arrangement improves masonry work efficiency. The invention relates to a structural unit for external structure comprising the blocks of cellular resin, in which a plurality of bricks are adhesively placed on surfaces of the reciprocating base plates opposite each other. Such an arrangement allows these cellular resin blocks to be used for masonry work on the site and therefore allows an exterior tremor-proof structure to be constructed as directly as possible. The invention relates to a structural unit for external structure in which the adhesive placement of the bricks on the surface of the base plates is achieved by pressing the bricks against a layer of adhesive mortar applied on the surface of the base plates. Such an arrangement prevents the surface of the cellular resin block from being exposed and therefore the outer structure can be finished with good appearance. The invention relates to a structural unit for exterior structure, in which the layer of adhesive mortar is pressed on the outside to form a swollen joint between each pair of adjacent bricks as soon as the bricks are pressed against the layer of adhesive mortar applied on the walls. surfaces of the base plates. Such an arrangement eliminates a demand to carry out the work of forming the bulging joint separately using mortar bonding and improves a finished appearance. Finally, the invention relates to a structural unit for external structure, in which the adhesive mortar is elastic mortar. The use of elastic mortar as the adhesive mortar is effective to protect the structural unit against the generation of fractures in the layer of adhesive mortar and dehusking of the adhesive mortar by itself, particularly of the bricks as well as the joint due to vibration and / or thermal expansion and contraction of the structural unit, for example, during transport, since the vibration exerted directly on the adhesive mortar can be absorbed by the cell resin block as completely as possible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective view of a block of cellular resin; Figure 2 is a front view of the cell resin block shown as partially separated; Figure 3 is a bottom view of the cell resin block; Figure 4 is a perspective view of an exterior structural unit; Figure 5 is a front view of the exterior structural unit; Figure 6 is a plan view of the outer structural unit; Figure 7 is a plan view of the outer structural unit with separate partitions; Figure 8 is a front view illustrating a relationship between the outer structural unit and a bar arrangement therein; and Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a variant of the outer structural unit.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY The details of the invention will be fully understood from the following description of the embodiments given herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. With reference to Figures 1 to 8, a reference letter A designates an exterior structure unit B comprising, in turn, a block 1 of cellular resin carrying plural bricks 20 adhesively placed on its surfaces. The cell resin block 1 in the structural unit A is integrally molded from the cell resin and comprises the opposite front and back plates 2 opposite each other, plural vertical partitions 4 interposed between the base plates 2 to define vertical passages. plurals for vertical bars between a pair of proportioned partitions adjacent to the transversely opposite ends of the block 1. These partitions on the opposite ends of the block 1 have respectively vertical notches 3 configured to complete the vertical passages 15 respectively, in cooperation with the notches 3 corresponding verticals of the additional blocks 1 assembled-attached to the transversely opposite ends of the said first block 1. A selective passage of the plural vertical passages defined by the partitions 4 is used as a vertical bar step 5 which extends completely through of the block while The remaining passages 15 are closed adjacent at their upper ends to form the mortar pits 8 that extend horizontally between their upper portions and simultaneously define the vertical closing cavities 6 which can optionally be fractured through and used as additional passages. for vertical bars. The reference number 7 designates the bottom walls of the respective mortar pits 8. According to the specific embodiment shown, a transverse mean passage of the plural passages defined by the plural partitions 4 is used as the vertical passage 5 which extends completely through the block. Of the plural partitions 4, at least those provided at the transversely opposite ends of the blocks extend between the pair of base plates 2 opposite each other substantially along the total height of these base plates 2. At least the portions of the partitions 4 extending over the lower portions 7 of mortar pits can be cut to form horizontal bar supports 9. The pair of opposing base plates 2 or plural partitions 4 are provided at their vertical opposite ends with positioning configurations 10 adapted for engagement with the corresponding configurations of the vertically adjacent blocks. The block 1 of cellular resin according to this embodiment comprises a rectangular block integrally molded from foamable resin sized to have a height of 30 cm, a length (width) of 80 cm and a thickness of 15 cm. To achieve a high strength of the body (core strength) of the outer structure B comprising lightweight blocks, the polyethylene is foamed in an expansion ratio of 30 to obtain blocks of cellular polystyrene.

The block 1 of cellular resin according to the present embodiment comprises the mutually opposite base plates 2 each having a thickness of 33 mm between which eight vertical partitions 4 are arranged in a regular spacing, leaving spaces defining the notches 3 verticals at the transversely opposite ends of the block. Each of the vertical partitions 4 is sized to have a thickness of 40 mm at its vertically opposite ends and a thickness of 20 mm on its half to present a sectional conformation similar to a shredder. The vertical partitions 4 O provided adjacent the transversely opposite ends as well as the vertical partition 4 provided in the middle thereof extend along substantially the total height of the base plates 2. The remaining vertical partitions 4 have their upper ends at a level 50 mm below the upper ends of the base plates 2 and define seven vertical cavities each substantially octagonal in the cross sections 15 between the vertical notches 3, left 3 at the ends transversely opposite of the block. As previously described, vertical step 15 < ~ > provided in the transverse half is selected from the plural vertical passages 15 as the vertical passage 5 defined between a pair of adjacent vertical partitions 4 that extend along substantially the total height of the block and extend completely therethrough. The remaining vertical passages 15 are closed at the 5 level 50 mm below the top portions of the base plates 2 by the bottom plate-like mortar walls 7 which extend horizontally between the respective vertical partitions 4 to form the wells of mortar 8 similar to notches having a depth of 50 mm between the pair of base plates 2. The vertical partitions 4, particularly the vertical partitions 4 extending along substantially the total height of the block as well as the lower walls 7 of the mortar pit, construct a block part 1 of cellular resin and are dimensioned only. To say more specifically, the upper thinned portions of the vertical crusher shaping partitions 4 extending along substantially the total height of the block and the lower plate-like mortar walls 7 are appropriately dimensioned, for example, to have a thickness of 10 mm. In this way, the portions of the vertical partitions 4 that extend over the mortar pits 8 can be easily separated using tools, knives or the like in order to form supports 9 for a horizontal bar 31 extending transversely of the block on the walls. bottom walls 7 of a mortar pit. Similarly, the bottom walls 7 of the mortar pit can be easily fractured through in order to open the cavities 6 and thereby use them as additional vertical passages that extend completely through the block for insertion of vertical bars. In this way, such separation and / or break through may optionally be made to obtain the horizontal bar supports 9 and / or the additional vertical passages 6 for insertion of the vertical bars 30.

The positioning indentation 10 formed in the upper end of each base plate 2 is directed outwards while the positioning indentation 10 formed in the lower end of each base plate 2 is directed inwards. The indentation 10 at the upper end of the base plate 2 is formed in an alternating relationship with the indentation 10 at the lower end of the base plate 2. These indentations 10 not only facilitate an accumulated work without misalignment of the blocks, since the indentations of the respective adjacent blocks are coupled to each other to ensure the relative positions of the respective blocks, not only transversally but also backwards and forwards. The plural bricks 20 can be adhesively placed on the surfaces of the respective base plates 2 opposite each other from the resin plastic block 1 to obtain the structural unit A. In the case of the present embodiment, the adhesive placement of the bricks 20 on the surface of each base plate 2 is carried out by pressing these bricks 20 against a layer of adhesive mortar 21 applied on the surface of the base plate. The bulging joint 22 is formed between each pair of adjacent bricks 20 as soon as these bricks 20 are pressed against the layer of the adhesive mortar 21. Elastic mortar is used as the adhesive mortar 21, in this mode. Each of the bricks 20 used in this embodiment have a height of 60 mm, a length (width) of 197 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. Such bricks are adhesively placed on the front and back of the base plates 2, for example, in an alternating pattern, to form between each pair of adjacent bricks 20 a joint 22 extending transversely with a width of 15 mm and vertically with a width of 3 mm. Such a gasket 22 is called bulging gasket formed as soon as the bricks 20 are pressed against the layer of the adhesive mortar 21 applied to the surfaces of the base plates 2. The adhesive mortar 21 is applied to the total surface of the base plate 2 to form a layer which is approximately 3 mm thick and then the respective bricks 20 are pressed against this layer in this way an amount of the adhesive mortar pressed under pressure it forms a broad bulging joint of 4 ~ 5 mm between each pair of adjacent bricks 20. In this way, the cellular plastic block 1 has its surfaces of the base plates 2 completely covered with the adhesive mortar 21 to adhesively fix the bricks 20 thereto, and therefore protected against deterioration due to exposure to the environment. Additionally, the operation of adhesively securing the bricks 20 simultaneously forms the bulging joint 22 and thus saves time and labor which may otherwise be required to separately form such joint using the so-called bonding mortar. As the adhesive mortar 21, the elastic mortar based on acrylic resins is used, preferably, alkyl ester acrylate copolymer (solid content: 57%). The adhesive mortar 21 of such type advantageously provides the adhesive mortar 21 with high adhesiveness and elasticity (flexibility). The high adhesive / elastic mortar obtained in this way has several desired behaviors. For example, it absorbs the vibration caused during the transport of the blocks as well as thermal expansion / contraction due to direct rays of the sun and therefore neither breaking nor peeling occurs. In particular, the dehulling of the bricks 20 and the gasket 22 can be reliably avoided. The structural A units described herein as the embodiment may be accumulated or stacked using reinforcing bars and mortar as in the usual masonry work of concrete blocks to form a desired exterior structure B such as a wall or post. In the case of the present embodiment, a plurality of the structural units A are stacked in an alternate arrangement and then fixedly connected by the vertical bars 30 as well as horizontal bars 31 with mortar placed around them. The exposed upper surfaces of the structural units A in the stack and the side surfaces of the structural units A arranged at one of their opposite lateral ends may be subjected to exterior finishing, for example, by adhesively placing the bricks 20 on these exposed surfaces. To more specifically describe a relationship between the structural units A and the vertical reinforcement bars 30, the work begins, as usual, by arranging the vertical reinforcing bars 30 by erecting them on the floor surface at a spacing of 80 cm. On the other hand, the structural units A are placed side by side to bulge against each other so that the vertical notches 3 extending along the opposite side edges of the respective cellular plastic blocks 1 can complete the passages 5 of Vertical bar. Then the vertical reinforcing bars 30 are inserted alternately into the vertical bar passages 5 formed by the respective pairs of adjacent vertical notches 3 and the vertical passages 5 initially provided through the half of the cellular plastic blocks 1, followed by the mortar placement in these vertical 5 passages. Depending on the spacing and locations in which the vertical reinforcement bars 30 were arranged, the bars 30 may not be aligned with the vertical bar passages 5. To solve such misalignment problem, an appropriate wall of the mortar pit / bottom walls can be fractured through and therefore the corresponding cavity 6 can be used in the same way as the vertical bar pitch 5. A relationship between the structural A units and the horizontal reinforcement bars 31 will now be described. It is assumed here that the horizontal reinforcement bars 31 are arranged in each other stage of the structural A units. The horizontal bars 31 are joined together with the vertical bars 30 at their points of intersection, they are received by the horizontal bar supports 9 formed by partially breaking the corresponding partition 4 and then the mortar is placed in the wells 8 of the mortar. Then it is stacked on such a stage on the underlying stage of structural units A that do not contain horizontal bars. This underlying stage of the structural units A does not have their separate partitions 4 and their mortar pits 8 filled with the mortar, therefore a portion of the mortar can be increased in the respective vertical passages of the cellular plastic blocks 1 in the stage of the units A covering the stage of the structural units A that do not contain the horizontal bar 31 as soon as the forming substance is stacked from the last one. By repeating such a procedure, a desired exterior B structure can be easily and reliably constructed. In this way, the structural units A are connected in a fixed manner to each other by the arrangement of the bar reinforcement and the mortar. In addition, a combination of cellular resin blocks used as structural A units with the elastic mortar used to adhesively place the bricks in the blocks is effective in absorbing a seismic vibration and thus ensuring a high seismic resistance. Figure 9 illustrates a variant of the structural unit A and particularly a variant of the manner in which the bricks 20 are adhesively placed in the unit A. According to this alternative embodiment, the bricks 20 are adhesively placed in the unit A in each other step at the transversely opposite ends of the unit A such that the brick-free zones 23 each have a width corresponding to 1/2 of the width of the individual brick 20, are defined at each other stages at the transversely opposite ends of the brick. unit A. If half-width bricks are placed in brick-free zones 23, bricks one-half wide can come out and lack harmony. To avoid this, after each pair of the structural A units arranged side by side have been placed together, the full width brick 20 can be post-positioned in each full width zone completed by each brick-free zone 23 in a structural unit A and the corresponding brick-free zone 23 on the other structural unit A precisely aligned and contiguous to one another. Thus, the so-called saddle joint (also referred to here as a saddle print printing board) is formed on the total surface of the outer structure B as seen in Figure 9. As will be apparent from the description mentioned in the above , the present invention has been developed to provide a structural unit comprising a block of lightweight cellular resin and plural bricks placed therein. According to a specific embodiment, a block 1 of cellular resin is integrally molded from the suitable foamable resin material to include the vertical notches 3 at the transversely opposite ends, a vertical bar step 5 at transversely half, and wells 8 of mortar that extend over the upper end of the block 1. The bricks are adhesively placed on the surface of block 1 using the elastic mortar to form a structural unit A. The vertical reinforcement bar is inserted in the vertical notches 3 as well as in the vertical bar passage half 5 and the mortar is then placed inside the mortar pits 8 to carry out the masonry work. For the blocks in each other stage, the portions of the vertical partitions 4 that extend over the mortar pits 8 are separated to form the horizontal bar supports. In this way, a desired exterior structure such as wall, posts or the like in the same manner as with concrete blocks. While the specific embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to these modalities if it can not be carried out in various other ways. For example, the cell resin block can be simply configured to be used in place of the concrete block. In this case, after a structural unit has been previously formed, the work of the exterior finish such as the adhesive placement of the bricks can be performed on site to complete a desired exterior structure. A plurality of vertical bar passages can be selectively formed by fracturing through the plural vertical cavities pre-arranged transversely of the block. The upper portions of the vertical partitions can be configured as side walls of the respective mortar wells to be used without problem if it is required to support the horizontal bar. For vertical partitions that extend along substantially the total height of the base plates, the upper portions thereof may have a thickness equal to or greater than the thickness of the remaining portions so that a desired fracturability is maintained. When the placement configurations are formed at the upper and lower ends of the block, the base plates and / or the vertical partitions can be extended up and down to provide them. The positioning configurations can also be provided along the transversely opposite ends of the block in the form of indentations. The base plates of the block can be pre-formed with holes adapted to receive the bricks placed therein and therefore work efficiency on the site can be improved. In relation to the structural units, those destined to be placed at the upper end, destined to be placed at the lateral end, etc., can be pre-formed and finished on the outside by adhesively placing the bricks. In addition, other factors such as specific material, conformation, configuration, dimensions, mutual number relationship and specific applications may be optional without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A block of cellular resin integrally molded from suitable foamable resinous material, the cellular resin block is characterized in that it comprises a pair of reciprocating base plates opposite each other, plural vertical partitions connecting the pair of base plates, two of the vertical partitions provided on the transversely opposite ends of the block defining a pair of vertical notches, respectively, adapted to form vertical bar passages in combination with the corresponding vertical notches of the other two blocks as soon as these two blocks are assembled from both sides against the first mentioned block, vertical partitions that define plural vertical passages between the vertical notches, passages of vertical bars that extend completely through the block formed by a selective passage or more of the plural vertical passages defined by the vertical partitions, Y lower mortar pit walls extending horizontally between the remaining vertical passages of the plural vertical passages defined by the vertical partitions at a level above their vertically average level to form mortar pits on the remaining vertical passages and simultaneously form vertical closing cavities adapted to be optionally used as additional vertical bar passages fracturing through the corresponding lower mortar pit walls.

2. The cell resin block according to claim 1, characterized in that an individual vertical bar passage extending completely through the block is provided and the vertical bar passage is formed transversely half of one of the vertical passages defined by the plural vertical partitions.

3. The cellular resin block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the closure of the plural vertical partitions provided at the transversely opposite ends of the block extends along substantially the total height of the base plates between the same; and wherein at least the portions of the vertical partitions extending over the lower walls of the mortar pit can be separated to form horizontal bar supports on the lower walls of the mortar pit.

4. The cellular resin block according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reciprocating base plates opposite each other or the plural vertical partitions are provided at their upper and lower ends with placement configurations in the form of indentations adapted to be assembled with those of the adjacent blocks.

5. The structural unit for external structure, characterized in that it comprises the cellular resin blocks according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of bricks are adhesively placed on the surfaces of the opposite base plates forward and backward each.

6. The structural unit for external structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the adhesive placement of the bricks on the surfaces of the base plates is carried out by pressing the bricks against a layer of adhesive mortar applied to the surfaces of the plates. base.

7. The structural unit for external structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the layer of adhesive mortar is compressed to form a bulging joint between each pair of adjacent bricks as soon as the bricks are pressed against the layer of adhesive mortar applied on the surfaces of the base plates.

8. The structural unit for external structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the adhesive mortar is elastic mortar. SUMMARY The present invention relates to a structure unit "consisting of a block of light cellular resin and a plurality of bricks placed thereon. A block 1 of cellular resin is integrally molded of suitable foamable resin in order to include vertical grooves 3 in the transversely opposite ends, a passage 5 for vertical bar in the transverse half and holes 8 for mortar extending over the upper end of the body. block 1. A brick 20 is placed with adhesive on the surface of block 1, using an elastic mortar to form a unit A of structure. The vertical reinforcement bars are inserted in vertical grooves 3 as well as in the vertical intermediate passageway 5 for bar and then emptied into the mortar inside the mortar holes 8 to perform the masonry work. For the blocks in each of the other stages, portions of the vertical divisions 4 extend beyond the mortar holes 8 and break apart to form the supports for horizontal bars. In this manner, a desired exterior structure such as a wall, a fence post or the like is formed in the same manner as with the concrete blocks.