MXPA95004752A - Methods for the production of covering powders, catalysts, and dryer hydraulic coatings through the spraying of confluid compositions comprimi - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to methods for spraying liquid compositions containing volatile solvent by the use of compressed fluids, such as for example carbon dioxide or ethane, to form solid particles, coating powders, and catalyst materials, which can be produced by limited distributions of particle sizes and that can be sprayed at higher levels of solids, in ambient air or with heated air applied only to the spray instead of a spray chamber. Novel catalyst supports can be produced which have a beneficial morphology for example for the catalysis of olefins. The drier hydraulic coatings can be applied on substrates by the use of compressed fluids to spray conventional water compositions, thus reducing shifts and shortening dry times

Description

METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COVERING POWDERS, CATALYSTS, AND DRYER HYDRAULIC COATINGS THROUGH SPRAYING COMPOSITIONS WITH COMPRESSED FLUIDS BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Field This invention relates to the spraying of liquid compositions are evaporation of solvent to produce dry compositions such as particles and coating films. Especially, this invention relates to methods for spraying liquid compositions containing volatile solvent by the use of compressed fluids such as carbon dioxide or ethane, to form solid particles, reverse powders, and catalyst materials and to apply hydraulic reversals. dry months from hydraulic reverse compositions having conventional water levels. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Improved methods are required by which materials such as particles, ree powders, and coating materials can be produced by spraying without requiring the use of a large amount of energy as is the case in conventional spraying. Methods are required by which such materials can be produced are high month levels of solids and without employing hot gas, or by providing a relatively small amount of gas heated only to the rosium instead of heating an entire spray chamber. Such methods would also allow sensitive materials to. The temperature can be dried at low temperature or at essentially room temperature. In addition, an improved method is desired for the production of such materials in the form of particles wherein the powders produced have a limited particle size distribution, which frequently improves the performance of the powders in applications. For example, it is desired that a coating powder has a minimum number of large particles that give a poor appearance to the coating and a minimum amount of small particles that are supercoated and wasted and that accumulate to an unacceptable level in resized powder. Also, such a spray method for the production of coating powders should represent an alternative to expensive mechanical or triogenic grinding. In the same way, it is desired that the satants used in fluidized sama reactors, for example in the production of polyethylene, have a limited distribution of droplet sizes to effectively employ the spreader and to offer more uniform granules and get a better performance. A method is also required by means of which hydraulic coatings having conventional water levels can be blended but flattened with drier coating films to improve retarding performance and shorten bending times. Presentation of the Invention Lae particles, coating powders and cataloged materials can be produced by rossing with higher levels of solids and at low monthly temperatures without using hot gae or by supplying hot gas to the dew instead of its supply to all the spray chamber. Also, relatively limited di? Ections of particle sizes can occur. It is also possible to produce catalytic particles which have a novel beneficial morphology. Hydraulic coatings are conventional water levels can be sprayed with applied dry month coating films, thus improving their performance and shortening their grinding times. In one embodiment, this invention relates to a process for the formation of solid particles by the rossing of a liquid sompoeisance carried in a solvent which: (1) forms a liquid mixture in a closed system, said liquid mixture comprising: ( a) a solvent-borne composition; (i) a solid or solidified hardness of non-volatile material, which can be rosy, and which can form solid particles by evaporation of the solvent when it is rosinated in step (2); and (ii) a sufficiently volatile solvent fraction so that said somposisance carried in solvent can form solid particles when sprayed in step (2); and (b) at least one fluid compressed in an amount which when added to (a) causes liquid disha mixture to form a substantially decompressive rosiads in step (2), where the compressed fluid is a gas in standard of 0 ° C and a pressure of one atmosphere. { STP); and (2) the disha dew mixes liquid at a temperature and pressure that provides a substantially discompressive roster by passing the mixture through a hole in a suitable environment to form solid particles by evaporation of the solvent, where the rosio has an average particle size greater than about one miera. In a preferred embodiment, the less one compressed fluid is separated into the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene. The preferred compressed fluids are carbon dioxide and ethane. The compressed fluid is preferably a eupercritical fluid in temperature and pressure condisions in which the liquid mixture is sprayed. The liquid mixture is preferably heated to a temperature that substantially compensates for the low temperature of the roster that occurs due to the expansion cooling of the decompressed compressed fluid to increase the evaporation rate of the solvent of the solvent. In another preferred embodiment, the solvent fraction of the solvent suspension has an average relative evaporation rate greater than about 70. In another preferred embodiment, the solid particles formed in this manner have a limited particle size distribution. In another preferred embodiment, the coating powder formed has a limited distribution of particle sizes within a range of less than about 2.0. In another preferred embodiment, the coating powder contains at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of epoxies, polyesters, acrylics, polyurethanes, epoxy -psylester hybrids, blocked isocyanates, cellulosics, vinyls, polyamides and hybrid polymers of the same.

In another preferred embodiment, the process may further comprise depositing powder coatings onto a substrate and heating the substrate to form a coating film. In another preferred embodiment, at least one gas flow to the rosium is substantially ssentially applied to improve the speed of turbulent mixing or the temperature within the rostrum, or both. In another embodiment, this invention relates to a proseo to form a satallizer, a satallizer support, or a satative presureor by means of the rosetting of a presumed liquid saponatory sompoeisis which comprises: (1) the formation of a liquid mixture in a closed system, liquid disha mixture appears: (a) a catalyst precursor somposision comprising: fi) a fraction of solids containing the dry ingredients of a sachallizer, satayist support, or catalyst precursor and which can form particles by evaporating the solvent when the rose in step (2); and (ii) a solvent fraction which is at least partly miscible with (i) and which is sufficiently volatile to cause the sap-onary precursor composition to form a particle when sprayed in step (2); and (b) at least one fluid squeezed into a sanity such that suando is added to (a) said liquid mixture returns from forming a eubstantially desorbated rosium in step (2), where the fluid is squeezed into a gas in sonsions. standard 0o Celsius and a prediction of an atmosphere ÍSTP); and (2) the disha rosette mixes liquid under conditions of temperature and pressure that provide a subetansially deworming spray by passing the mixture through an orifisium in a suitable environment to form partisulae by evaporation of the solvent. In a preferred embodiment, the fraction of solids is usually less than an organic polymer and preferably an inorganic or organometallic compound, and the catalyst, catalyst support, or satalycer precursor particle formed comprises a solid aggregate of solid particles. containing disho (s) inorganic compound (s) or organ ethe 1 ico (s) which are at least partially enclosed in a polymeric shell. In another embodiment, this invention relates to a process for the formation of solid particles by spray drying a liquid hydraulic composition which: (1) forms a liquid mixture in a closed system, the liquid mixture comprises: ( a) a hydraulic composition comprising: (i) a frassión of solid materials that can become solid, that can be sprayed, and that can form solid particles by means of evaporation subarachides in step (2); and (ii) a solvent frassion containing at least water; which is sufficiently volatile and which contain a sufficient quantity of water so that the hydraulic composition can form solid particles in the step (2); and (b) suas less a fluid that is a solid supersprit fluid in sondisiones of temperature and pressure in which disha mezsla liquid rose and is found substapsialmßnt? present in disha liquid mixture in the form of a finely dispersed liquid phase of squeezed fluid, in a sapity that makes this liquid mixture sapacious to form a substantially unstable rosin in step (2), where the squeezed fluid is a gas in standard conditions of 0 ° C and a pressure of one atmosphere (3TP); and (2) the rosin of liquid disha mezsla at a temperature greater than about 40 ° Ceisius and a. a temperature that provides a substantially decompressed rosette by passing the mixture through an orifice in a suitable environment to form solid particles by evaporation. This invention also relates to a step to aplly a hydraulic coating on a substrate comprising, (1) the formation of a liquid mixture, in a closed system, said liquid mixture comprises: (a) a composition of hydraulic coating that is a level of water so that the liquid mixture can be convexly sprayed without compressed fluid? which is capable of forming a coating on a substrate} and which are a solvent frassion having less than about 35% water by weight; and (b) leaving less a squeezed fluid that is substantially present in disha liquid mixture in the form of a. finely dispersed liquid phase of compressed fluid; and that it is present in an amount such that said liquid mixture can form a subsurface spray, where the compressed fluid is a gas in standard dispersions of 0PC and a pressure of one atmosphere. { STP); and (2) the rosiads of disha mix liquid at a temperature and pressure that provide a substantially decompressive spray by passing the mixture a. through a hole in a suitable environment for the evaporation of water, and for the. plating of a coating on a substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic coating composition contains less of a polymer that can be dispersed in water or is soluble in water. In another preferred embodiment, the squeezed fluid is carbon dioxide and the pH of the liquid mixture is controlled to prevent the pressure of the polymer from being mixed. The carbon dioxide is mixed with a hydraulic coating. In another preferred embodiment, the suas minus a squeezed fluid is carbon dioxide or ethane and is a solid supersritism under the conditions of temperature and pressure in which a liquid mixture is sprayed, and a hydraulic reversing solution contains at least one solvent The organic material can be extracted from the hydris coating composition in the squeezed fluid, thus allowing the squeezed fluid to form the liquid phase of fluid squeezed at superscript temperature and pressure. In another preferred embodiment, the suas minus a squeezed fluid is carbon dioxide or ethane and is a superscript fluid in the temperature and pressure sondisions in which the liquid mixture is dissolved, and the liquid mixture also contains at least one organic solvent. (c) that is not miesible with said hydraulic release composition; Partially measurable ee are disho suing less a fluid squeezed under pressure; and that it is found present in less than an amount that allows the squeezed fluid to form the liquid phase, of fluid squeezed in the temperature and super-tisae pressure. Brief Dissemination of the Drawings Figure 1 is a limited dietribusion of particle sizes that has a range of 1.3 and an average particle size of 21 microns produced by the rossing of a solids dissolution of a solid polymer, volatile solvent, and dioxide. sarbono somprimido somo dew dessompresi vo. Figure 2 shows the particle size distributions for catalyst supports produced by the use of a squeezed fluid (A) and the conventional convensional thermal drying (B). Detailed Description of the Invention It has been found that, by using the methods of this invention, the liquid solvent compositions can be compressed fluids such as sarbono dioxide and ethane to form solid particles, reverse powders, materials, etc. alisers, and the like, by evaporating the solvent in gentle sondisions without the use of large amounts of energy as in the case of conventional spray drying. Also, particles and powders can be formed that have relatively limited distributions of particle sizes. Hydrophobic liquid ions and hydrophobic coatings with high water levels, for the sumptuous fluids such as sarbono dioxide and ethane have a very low solubility, can be rosed by the use of a finely dispersed liquid phase of fluid squeezed into the composition or coating, to form solid particles or to coat more brainy coatings are fine atomization to offer a good appearance d? coating and good performance so we have shorter biasing times. It has been found that a substantially suppressed rosin vs, produced by the use of suas minus a squeezed fluid in a sufficiently large amount and at a tempered rosium temperature and pressure can produce a high solvent evaporation rate of the rostrate if the solvent or the mixture of solvent is sufficiently volatile, and therefore to produce solid particles, powders, or drier hydraulic coating films from hydraulic coating compositions having conventional water levels, which allows them to be rosed are conventional methods of spraying.

It has been discovered that dessompressed sprays can produce an improved evaporation of the solvent when the solvent or solvent profile has a sufficiently high average relative evaporation volatility, even if they occur and evaporation of the slow evaporation solvents used in the concentrates occurs. Coating. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the high evaporation volatility is due to an exseptically elevated velocity of mass transfer that occurs during the formation of the dessompreeous rostrum due to the extremely rapid gasification of the dissolved somprimido fluid, which exceeds the effects of the rapid fall of the temperature that decreases the. volat i vity. The solvents of rapid evaporation. and a half. They are much affected by these conditions of intense transference, of mass that evaporates from slow evaporation. Also, it has. It has been discovered that the expansion of the decompression gas generated by the rosin deesompres i vo "can overcome the effect of the higher viscocity generated during the atomization prosecution by the greater evaporation of the faster evaporation solids that arose in the revelation phase. Therefore, fine atomization can be obtained.If the viscosity becomes too high, then the decompreeous dew can not be formed, but it has been discovered that the belief that a slow evaporating solvent was required to maintain sufficient fluidity during As used herein, it will be understood that a "squeezed fluid" is a fluid that may be in the gaseous state, in the liquid state, or in a combination of both states, or is a eupersitic fluid according to (i) ) the particular temperature and pressure sondisiones to which it is subjected, (ii) the vapor pressure of the fluid at this temperature ura particular, and iii) the temperature and the sritisa pressure of the fluid, but which is in a gaseous state at a temperature of 0o Celsiue and an absolute pressure of one atmosphere. { STP). As used herein, a "euperscritic fluid" is a fluid that is at a temperature and pressure such that it is at its critical point, above its critical point or slightly below said sharp point. Compounds that can be employed as compressed fluids in the present invention include but are not limited to sarbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, xenon, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, iobutane, ctorotr i ulormet, monofluororaetapo, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the squeezed fluid is sompatible to the environment or can become compatible with the environment and can easily recover from the spray environment. The utility of any of the aforementioned compressed fluids in the practice of the present invention will depend on the composition used, the temperature and application pressure as well as the level of inastivity and stability of the squeezed fluid. Generally speaking, carbon dioxide, Nitrous oxide, ethane, ethylene, propane and propylene are the preferred compressed fluids in the present invention. However, nitrous oxide should only be used in stable and stable conditions. Due to its environmental sensitivity, low toxicity and high solubility, carbon dioxide and ethane are especially preferred compressed fluids. Due to its low cost, its non-flammable caries and its wide availability, sarbono dioxide is, in general terms, the somprimido fluid especially preferred. However, the use of any of the aforementioned compounds and mixtures thereof should be considered within the scope of the. Present i nv ers. As used herein, the terms "solvent coated cover", "reverse powder composition", "precursor coating composition", "hydraulic composition", "hydraulic coating composition", "coating deposition", "coating formulation", and "coating material", are understood to be somposis ions, formulations, and materials that do not have mixed compressed fiuid. As used herein, the term "solvent" refers to solvent solvents that do not have mixed, squeezed fluid and are present in liquid form at temperatures of about 25 ° C and absolute pressure of one atmosphere. The solvent-borne liquid ions that can be used in this invention are usually made up of 1) a fraction of non-volatile materials that is solid or that can become solid, that can be sprayed, and that can form solid particles by evaporating the solvent when rosé in the form of decompensated ros; and 2) a sufficiently volatile solvent fraction so that said solvent-borne composition can form solid particles in the suds, which is rosy, rosy, dessompreeous. In general terms, the fraction of non-volatile materials is the fraction of the cover carried in solvent that remains after the evaporation of the solvent fraction and therefore the fraction that forms the solid particles. Frassion of non-volatile materials includes polymers, resins, waxes, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, and other solid non-volatile materials that can become solid during spraying, such as two-component, rapidly reacting polymer systems that mix when They went to see the rapid reassurance. Dielecsion or blockage by the dissolved compressed fluid may delay the reassess of the rosette of the mixture. Examples of particles that may be formed include plastics, resins, detergents, pestisidae, pigments, solvents, organic chemicals and inorganic chemicals. The frassing of non-volatile materials can be rosed in the form of sol- ution, emulsion, dispersion, or suspension in the solvent fraction. In general terms, the divided solids dispersed must have small particle sizes sufficient to maintain a dispersed state and to easily pass through the rosin orifisium. Split solids are particle sizes too large to maintain a stable dispersion can be employed if a dispersion or suspension can be formed and maintained by agitation. Preferably, the fraction of non-volatile materials are dispersed solids having an average particle size of less than about 25 millimeters and a greater degree of preferensie of less than about 10 millimeters. Solid polymers can be dissolved or dispersed but, in general terms, The less solvent particles are solvent-based, the polymer polymers should have a sufficiently high molecular weight and a glass transition temperature high enough to form solid particles by evaporation of the solvent. The glass transition temperature should be greater than approximately 25 ° C, preferably greater than 30 ° C, with a greater degree of preference higher than 40 ° C, and optimum preference is higher than 50 ° C. Suitable polymers include but are not limited to acrylics, polyesters, cellulosics, polymers, epoxies, alkyds, vinyls, polyesters, silison polymers, rubber and thermoplastic polymers in general, as well as mixtures of the same . The frassióp of non-volatile materials must be a sufficiently high frassión of the somposision carried in solvent to be able to form solid particles by evaporation of the solvent when rosso by rosso dessompresi vo and to form particles of sufficient size. The required frassion will generally depend on the volatility of the solvent frassiop, and a higher frassión in saso of lower volatility will be required. Frassion of non-volatile materials should generally be greater than about 10% by weight of the solvent-boroed somposisance, preferably greater than about 15%, with greater degree of preference greater than about 20%, and specifically greater than about 25% . Generally speaking, a higher fraction is desired in such a way that the amount of solvent to be evaporated can be decreased. However, the frassion of non-volatile materials should not be excessively high frasing since that would make the solvent-borne composition unable to form an eerily decomposed spray or form an adequate particle size. The upper limit to be used will depend on the saraster istes and chemises of the phrasing of the non-volatile materials, as well as the molecular weight of the polymers., of the degree of coherence, inter-modal, of the quantity and nature of the die-dry solids, of the reactivity, etc. In general, materials of low molecular weight and minor cohesion can be higher levels of non-volatile materials because they remain more fluid at higher levels. The strength of non-volatile materials should, in general terms, be less than about 90% by weight of the cover composition. in solvent, preferably less than about 80%, more preferably less than about 70%, and especially less than about 60%. It has been found that the viscosity of lae composition carried in solvent capable of forming a rosin dessompresi vo a parameter of sorrelasión insensible for the sapasidad of spraying. Compositiones in solvent covers have been finely atomized and are visually within a range of less than 100 up to 20,000 sentipoise. However, the solvent-borne composition will generally have a viscosity comprised between about 500 and about 5000 sentipoise, preferably between about 800 and about 3000 sentipoise, measured at a temperature of about 25 ° C. The fractionation of non-volatile materials must be able to form solid particles by evaporation of the solvent, which is then extracted by decompression. The frassión of non-volatile materials must preferably retain a structure sufficiently "open" suando the solid particles are formed to facilitate the diffusion, transport, and evaporation of the solvent inside the particles. In addition to the frassion of non-volatile materials, a sufficiently volatile solvent frassion must be used so that, in this solvent, it can form solid particles and dissolve it by means of rosin. The solvent can perform several functions, such as dissolving polymers and other non-volatile materials, reducing the viscosity, proporsiopar a vehicle for dispersions, ets. Generally speaking, the solvent frassion is less partially miscible, and the frasing of non-volatile materials. The polymeric structures in general contain at least one active solvent for the polymer. The selection of a particular solvent fraser for a given frassión of non-volatile materials to obtain the desired faces of dispersibility and solubility is well known to those skilled in the art. Based on a volatility of relative evaporation (SEE) are a standard of butyl acetate equal to 100 using the ASTM D3599 method at 25 ° C and at a pressure of one atmosphere, to be volatile euphoric, it is desirable that the solvent fraction have an average relative evaporation velocity greater than about 70, when the average relative evaporation rate of a solvent mixture is calculated as the inverse weighted average of the relative evaporation rates of the individual solvents, ie 1 / VERAVG = MI / VERI + M2 / VER2 + M3 / VER3 +.,. ,, where Mi are the weight fractions of the indi vidual solvents. The average relative evaporation velocity is preferably greater than about 85, a higher degree of preference is greater than about 105, with an even greater degree of preferensia greater than about 140, and especially greater than about 175. The volatility of average relative evaporation is of preferensia of less than about 4000, a greater degree of preferensia of less than about 3000 and an optimum degree of preference of less than about 2000 are generally preferred. In general terms, the solvent frassion preferably contains less than about 10% by weight of solvents with rates of relative evaporation of less than about 20, with a higher degree of preference less than about 5%, and especially less than about 2%. further, the solvent frassion preferably contains less than about 5% by weight of solvents, are relative evaporation volatiles of less than about 10, are preferably less than about 2%, and about 0% preferably. The solvents that make up the solvent frassión must evaporate quickly enough to offer a sufficiently high average relative evaporation velocity. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, methylpropionate, methanol, soybean, methoxamine. i 1 ketone, and other aliphatic ketones; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, iopropyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, iobutyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl priopionate and other esters of cell-free esters; ethers such as isopropyl ether, tetrahydroforan, ethylbutyl ether, ether of ethanol, and other ether ethers; volatile glycol ethers such as dimethyl isolate ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, and other aliputisoe alcohols; hydrocarbons such as hexane, toluene, naphtha from Varnish Makers and Paintere (VM &P), ostane, 3-methyl heptane, 2,2-dimethyl hexane, and other aliphatic; and nitroalsans such as n-troethane and ni tropropane. For the rosé, the composition carried in solvent is first mixed with a squeezed fluid to form a liquid mixture in a serrated system, the squeezed fluid is in an amount that makes the liquid mixture can form a positive shape. deesompreei vo. The liquid mixture is extruded at a temperature and pressure offering a substantially decomposable rosé by passing the mixture through an orifisium in a suitable environment to form solid particles by evaporation of solvent. Demonstrating deworming sprayings are generally formed within a relatively limited range of systeni sions of somatic fluidity and temperature and pressure that varies from one to the other. cover in solvent espesífisa. The important characteristics are the composition and sanctity of the fraction of non-volatile materials, the composition of the fraction of solvents, and the somposision of the fluid or primids used. Accordingly, the conditions suitable for forming the eustancily discompressive spray should generally be determined experimentally for a given flow mixture and a given nozzle. However, the dessompressed rosin region typically follows the solubility limit of the somimid fluid in the solvent borne version when it changes with temperature and pressure, as shown in US Patent Solísitude, Serial No. 129,256, presented on September 29, 1993. At a constant pressure, the solubility decreases are an elevation of the temperature. Solubility increases with an increase in pressure. The rosium region dessompree i vo osurre generally in a concentration of somprimido fluid a deposit less than the limit of solubility, freshly within approximately sinso points porsentuales of disho limit or less. Often the spray is performed at the solubility limit, or slightly above or below said solubility limit. A sufficiently high rosium pressure is employed to achieve a sufficiently high solubility. The spray temperature and the concentration of compressed fluid are then adjusted to provide decompressive spray having the desired characteristics for a particular application, as well as the desired size of the particles. The solubility sambiaré are also the somprimido fluid used; carbon dioxide generally has a significantly higher solubility than ethane. The solubility will also change with the level of the non-volatile material fraction, and said solubility is lower at a higher solids content. In soncentras ions of compressed fluid greater than the solubility limit, in higher presses the liquid mixture generally comprises a liquid phase, of non-volatile materials and one. liquid phase of compressed fluid that are the extracted solvent, while in lower presses the excess of squeezed fluid forms a gas phase. In general terms, the amount of squeezed fluid used will be less than about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of squeezed fluid and composition carried in solvent, preferably at least about 10%, depending on the solubility. If the compressed fluid is sarbonium dioxide, due to its generally higher solubility, the amount preferably used will be less than about 15%, preferably at least about 20%, and especially at least about 25%, and will exceed the minimum level required to obtain dew estably from this pressure. The sanctity of fluid fluid may exceed the limit of solubility if ee but it should not be so high that the excess of tablet unduly interferes with the ion formation, for example if it is not well dispersed in liquid form or if it offers a defying atomization. The exsis of compressed fluid can sometimes be advantageous if the pressure is sufficiently high to form a liquid phase of squeezed fluid that removes the solvent from the liquid solution in solvent. Then a quantity of solvent must be evaporated from the composition carried in solvent and sprayed. However, the loss of solvent causes the viscosity, so that the quantity given should not be so great as to interfere with the rosin ion or cause undesirable characteristics such as an average large particle size. If desired, the compressed fluid can be used to separate a part of the tea from the spray mixture before spraying using the methods presented in the US Pat. No. 5,290,604. Generally speaking, the mixture a is less than about 60% fluid measured by weight. With high rosette pressures of 5000 psig and more used, preferably the spray pressure of the liquid mixture is less than about 3000 psig, with a higher degree of preferensia of less than about 2500 psig. Very low pressure is generally not compatible with a high solubility of the compressed fluid in the solvent borne cover. Accordingly, the spray pressure is preferably greater than about 50% of the critical pressure of the squeezed fluid, is greater than preferably about 75% of the spray pressure, is an even greater degree of preference than the critical pressure , and are an optimum degree of preferensia, greater than about 125% of the srítisa pressure to offer a higher solubility at higher temperature. If the sarbono dioxide is the squeezed fluid, the rostrate pressure is preferably greater than about 500 psig, is greater than about 800 psig, is an even higher degree of preference than about 1100 psig, and is especially preferred. Higher than approximately 1400 psig. Preferably, the spray temperature of the liquid mixture is less than about 150 ° C, preferably less than about 100 ° C, and especially less than about 80 ° C, the temperature level that can be used. will depend in general on the characteristics of the composition in solvents, such as stability and thermal sensitivity. The reactive systems should generally be sprayed at lower temperatures than the non-reactive systems. Preferably, the rosin temperature of the liquid mixture above about 25 ° C, is higher preferably above about 30 ° C, is an even higher degree of preference above about 40 ° C, and especially above about 50 ° C, To insure the evaporation volatility of the spray solvent, the liquid mixture is preferably heated to a temperature that substantially compensates for the drop in spray temperature due to the expansion cooling caused by the decompression of the squeezed fluid. Generally, rosins can be formed in a dessompressed state over a range of temperatures, varying the sanctity of the squeezed fluid as the solubility varies. To evaporate the solvent from the spray more quickly to form solid particles, you want to use a higher temperature of rosé. The rosium temperature must be high enough to provide a sufficiently rapid evaporation of the solvent for the average relative evaporation rate of the solvent jet employed and for the sanctity of the solvent to be evaporated. Generally speaking, a higher dew temperature is preferred for an average relative evaporation rate is slow.

Preferably, when a compressed fluid is a supercritical fluid at the temperature and pressure in the fluid, the liquid mixture is mixed. In order to rosinate the polymeric compositions in solvents are improved atomization, it is desirable that the liquid mixture should contain at least one fluid squeezed in a sanity that allows the liquid mixture to form a liquid phase of fluid squeezed at the temperature of the rostrate, and the pressure of the liquid. The liquid is formed in a desirable manner above the minimum pressure in the sual. The liquid mixture forms a liquid phase of fluid squeezed at the rosium temperature, as presented in the methods of US Pat. No. 5,290,603, preferably the spray pressure. is located above or just below the maximum pressure in the sual the liquid mixture forms a liquid phase of fluid squeezed at the spray temperature. Without wishing to be bound by a theory, it is believed that the improved atomization is due to the fact that the dissolved compressed fluid, during de-pressurization in the spray orifice, forms cores to constitute a liquid phase of compressed fluid before forming a liquid. gaseous compressed fluid, instead of forming nusels directly in a gaseous phase of compressed fluid. Consequently, the formation of nuclei occurs more rapidly in such a way that the gasification of the squeezed fluid is more intense.

An orifice is a hole or opening in a wall or frame, such as a rosette nozzle. The rosium orifices, rosette nozzles, and rosette spray guns used for the air and electrostatic spraying without air and pneumatic coating formulations are generallydesigned to flush the liquid mixtures of the present invention. Rosettes and nozzles 1) are preferred that do not have an exuberant flow volume between the orifisio and the valve that astivates and deactivates the rosiado and 2) that do not obstruct the wide angle in the sual the rosé comes out typically of the orifisio de rosiado . The most preferred rosetting nozzles and guns are the UNICARB (MR) rosetting nozzles and guns manufactured by Nordson Corporation. Orifisium sizes of about 1.8 mm to about 6.35 mm nominal diameter are preferred, although larger or smaller orifisio sizes may be used. Dispoeitives and flow designs, such as pre-orifers or turbulence promoters that promote turbulent or agitated flow in the liquid mixture before the passage of the mixture through the orifice can also be used. Preferably, the pre-orifice does not have too much pressure on the flow of the liquid mixture. The rosette pattern can be a circular spray such as that produced from a round hole or it can be an oval or flat spray as produced by a slot through the orifisium, as mentioned above. A wider, flatter spray is favorable for mixing the ambient gas from the spray environment more rapidly in the inner part of the de-compressed spray, and therefore to obtain an increased evaporation venessity. However, in the case of compositions coated in especially viscous solvents or for relatively high evaporation volatiles, an oval or circular rosette may be desirable to minimize the accumulation of polymer in the. rosary nozzle. A preferred rosette nozzle design has two grooves that extend through the outlet orifice at right angles. This produces doe fans that intersect which produces a more axisymmetric spray pattern but provides a mezsla improvement of the ambient gas on the inside, of the rosé than a circular rosette. A dew point spray can generally be obtained at lower concentrations of compressed fluid and at lower temperatures than what is obtained with conventional short spray holes without air, through the use of an elongated orifice passage as shown in the Application US Patent Number Serial Number 061, 822, filed on May 13, 1993, Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the extended orifisio pae increases the time available for the formation of nulls for a gas phase of compressed fluid to occur, for the consent of the squeezed fluid, temperature and preeion in the sule rosia the liquid mixture. Preferably, the propionion between the length and diameter is greater than about 2 and less than about 20, the greater degree of preferensia is greater than about 3 and less than about 15, is an even greater degree of preferensia disha propionsion ee greater than about 4 and less than about 10, Thus, the length of the orifice step should preferably be within a range of about 0.51 mm to about 10.2 mm, and a greater degree of preferensia between about 1.02 mm and about 7.62 mm.

The dessompree ring is formed by the passage of the liquid mixture through an orifisium in a gaseous environment suitable for the formation of solid particles by evaporation of the solvent. The environment in which the present invention is made is not narrowly critical. However, the pressure must be substantially lower than the head pressure to obtain sufficient decompression of the compressed fluid to form the reverse flow. Preferentially, the gaseous environment is at atmospheric pressure or at a sercan level at atmospheric pressure. The environment will generally comprise & i re, but other environments can also be employed, such as for example air with a reduced content of oxygen or inert gases such as nitrogen, sarbon dioxide, helium, argon, or xenon, or a mixture of them. It is not desirable to use oxygen or enriched air is oxygen because oxygen increases the flammable saryester of the organisoe materials. The gaseous environment should have sufficiently low partial pressures of the solvents contained in the solvent borne case to promote a sufficiently rapid evaporation of the rosin solvent. Very low parsial pressures are preferred. The parsial pressures of the solvents must be kept ignitibly below the point where there would be a danger of fire or explosion in the environment of the rosiads. The velocity of evaporation of rosin solvents can be increased by the application of at least one gas flow to the eubsta ns ia.l dissompree ve ve to increase the turbulent mixing velocity or temperature inside the rosé or bae things, a Higher level of turbulent mixing increases the amount of drier external gas or air that is brought to the inside of the rostrum, which decreases the parsial pressures of the solvents. The increase of the. The temperature inside the spray increases the vapor pressure of the solvents.

In order to increase the turbulent mixture, the at least one gas flow may comprise at least one gaseous jet applied to the roster, for example compressed gas jets used to assist atomization in airless sprayed mats or to modify the pattern shape. of spray. The auxiliary gae is typically air squeezed at pressures of about 10 to about 80 psig, are pressures of about 20 to about 60 psig preferred, but can also be air are a reduced content of oxygen or inert gases such as nitrogen, sodium, dioxide sarbono or a mezsla of them. The auxiliary gas shorroe have typically no or no effect on the atomization of a dew point spray. The gas flow can also be supplied by one or more auxiliary pipes which supply gas or air to the compressed air in order to discharge the compressed air in such a manner as to increase the turbulence of the turbulent mixture. Other methods can also be used. The flow of gae or the auxiliary gas stream can be heated to increase the temperature of the spray in such a way that the cooling effect of the squeezed fluid is compromised. Even though higher temperatures may be employed, the temperature of the heated gas or of the air flow is preferably between about 30 ° C and about 90 ° C, they are a higher degree of preferensia between about 50 ° C and about 70 ° C. ° C. Higher temperatures increase the volatility of the solvent but at a constant squeezed gas pressure a higher temperature decreases the density of the gas and consequently the velocity of mass flow, which may decrease the mixing intensity. The suas minus a flow of gas to increase the temperature within the substantially de-sympathetic rosium can also show the supply of gas or heated air adjacent the rosin so as to be carried in the formed and formed rosette. One method is the distribution of the flow of salted gas by a tubular distributing tube that dislodges the gas flow symmetrically heated to the rosin in the sercania of the spray nozzle. For example, the distribution system can consist of four discharge tubes, which are separated from each side of the rosette in the vicinity of the rosin orifisio. The suction minus a gas flow may also show a blown gas or air blown from a spray heater. Other methods can also be used. As used herein, "solid particles" are substantially physically rigid particles or powders containing residual solvent and include viscous liquid liquids that do not have a crystalline structure but do not significantly agglutinate each other as they enter into contact and that do not flow perceptibly. It is not required that the solid particles have a particular shape and can be porous. In general terms, the particle size of the solid particles produced from the eubstans rosin can only be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the compressed fluid, the temperature and pressure of the rosin, and the level of solvent in the compressed fluid. the somposision carried in solvent. Solid particles are produced that have an average size of about 1 misra or more. The average size is preferably greater than about 5 millimeters, greater degree of preference is greater than about 10 microns, to an even greater degree preferably more than about 15 millimeters, and to an optimum degree preferably greater than about 20 millimeters. m? srae. In general, larger particle sizes require more time for the evaporation of the solvent, the time depends on the morphology of the particles, the relative evaporation rates of the solvents, and the temperature of the sample as well as the characteristics of the particles. of mixture. The average particle size in general should be less than about 200 microns, preferably less than about 150 microns, are a greater degree of preference less than about 100 misrae, are a still higher degree of preferensi? less than about 75 microns, and are an optimum degree of preferensi? less than about 50 misras. The optimum particle size will depend on the specific requirements for the adhesion of solid particles. The optimal particle size for highly porous particles will generally be higher than in the case of particles that are low in porosity. The dessompressed rosin produces a uniform atomization which can produce solid particles and powders having a relatively limited particle size distribution which is often desirable to improve its performance in applications. Not only the distribution of particle sizes can be limited at a point in the rosé, but the average size of partis? L? can be very uniform in the rosy pattern what proporsisna a dietribusion of limited global particle sizes? for all the rosy, what is said that some regions are not over- or under-controlled. A non-uniform atomization in the spray pattern is frequently a problem in the case of the air and non-air methods. A broad or limited distribution of particle sizes can be provided by their range. The range is defined as (DO.9 - DO.1) /DO.5, where D .5 is the size at which 50% of the volume of particles has a smaller (larger) size and is equal to the average size of partisula, DO .1 is the size in the sual 10% of the volume of the particles has a smaller size, and DO, 9 is the size in the sual 10% of the volume of partisulas has a larger size. Preferably, the distribution of particle sizes has a range of less than about 2.0, a range of less than about 1.8 is more preferred, with an even greater degree of preferensia a range of less than about 1.6, and with a optimal degree of preferensia a range below about 1.4, a More limited range has a smaller percentage of particles that may be too small or too large for a given application. The desired range varies with the limitation. A limited distribution of particle sizes measured for solid particles produced by the methods of the present invention is shown in Figure 1. The envelope carried in solvent contained 30% fraction of non-volatile materials containing solid asylism polymer and 70% fraction of solution that was met i let i lsetona. The liquid mixture contained 42.5% of carbon dioxide squeezed fluid and was sprayed at 60 ° C and 1600 pei., temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide suee a supercri t iso fluid. The liquid mixture is salty? at 60 ° C to compensate for the cooling effect of the carbon dioxide decompression to increase the evaporation velosity. The decompressed rosin in the ambient air produced a rosy-dried powder that had a dietribusion of very limited particle sizes with a low range of 1.3 and an average particle size of 21 micras. Only 11% of the particles by volume were aggregated below 10 millimeters and only 10% of the particles exceeded 36 millimeters. The distance of the spray nozzle in the sual produces the solid particles in the dessompressed rosin pattern depends on many variables such as size of orifice, size of partisulae, speeds of relative evaporation of the solvents, level of solvent in the composition cover in solvent, temperature and pressure of dew, the intensity of turbulent mixing in the spray, the aplissation of salted gas, the use of a pre-or if is io, and other factors. Diet will depend on the actual characteristics of a specific aplissation. Increasing the turbulent mixing level or the temperature in the spray or both generally produces solid particles more uniformly in the short distance spray pattern. In general terms, dietsensis instementa sonforme decreases the velosity of average relative evaporation of the fractions of eoliant, haeta that at velosidadee of average relative evapsrasión inadequate drops the dew remains liquid for excessively long distances. Although some ion-carrying ions carried in solvent produce solid particles uniformly in the spray pattern at short distances of about 15.24 sm to about 60.96 sm, other compositions require greater distances. A distance greater than about 60.96 sm is generally preferred for collecting solid seed particles, even if shorter distances can be used for rapid settling dew. With greater degree of preference, the dietnesia is greater than about 1.4 sm and is an even greater degree of preferensia disha distansia is greater than about 121.92 sm to provide more evaporation time. The solid particles and powders may be collected from the spray by any means designed to separate the fine particles from a flow of air, for example by means of a separator, filtration, deposition, and other means by experts in the field. matter. If desired, the solid particles and powder can be treated to remove the residual solvent, for example by means of fluid or ion are air to remove the solvent, or by passing the air through a storage container. This invention may also employ to form coating powder by spray-drying a liquid coating powder presureor composition which is 1) a slurry of eolide containing the brain ingredients of a powder of revetment and which can be powder by evaporation of the solvent suando rose as dew dessompreei vo; and 2) a fraction of solvent which is at least partially visible is the frassion of solids and which is sufficiently volatile so that a discharging precursor of coating powder can form dust suing rosy in the form of de-rospreeous rosins. For rosé, the precursor sompoeission of reverend powder is added when less than one squeezed fluid to form a liquid mixture in a serrated system, the sanctity of squeezed fluid is euphoric so that the liquid mixture can form an eubstansially deesompreeous rosé. The liquid mixture was then blended at a temperature and pressure providing a subetansially deosompressed roster by passing the mixture through a hole in a discharged environment to form coating powder by evaporation of the solvent. The aforementioned teachings which relate to the formation of solid particles refer, where appropriate, to the formation of reverend powders by the methods of the present invention, as will be understood by the eepes ial ietae in the material, and the following presentation It will specifically refer to the coating powder.

The slurry of the slurry of the coating powder precursor is the seoe ingredients of a coating powder. As discussed in the preamble, it is understood that the term "coating powder" includes coating powder and coating powder compositions used for the coating are powder of substrates, powder aeomponent of powder for liquid coating compositions such as additives. As is known to those skilled in the art, the ingredients of the coating powder for powder coating applications can generally be solved with less thermoplastic or thermally hardening polymer, a crosslinking or sucking agent for the thermal enduring process, plast if isantee, stabilized 1 izaree, flow additives, pigments, and extenders. To use a powder coating, the polymer must have a low level of viasity to provide a soft sonic film; a good adherepsia on the substrate; Good physical properties such somo hardness and resietensia a loe impastoe; a solor slaro; thermal, chemical and outdoor re-heating; and storage stability. The thermoforming reverement dust generally uses cured polymers by admission devices instead of probe reassessments. The glass temperature of the thermosetting polymers of coating powder should be euphoriately high to prevent the individual particles from fusing during transport and storage. Refrigerated storage allows the use of polymers to be lower glass transition temperatures. In the case of storage at ambient temperature, the temperature of glass transition is preferably greater than about 40 ° C, more preferably above about 50 ° C. The adesuted polymers for use in the coating powders of the present invention generally comprise those used in conventional powder coating and include particularly epoxies, polyesters, asyloids, polyurethane, epoxy-polyester hybrids, cellulosics, vinyls, polyamides, and hybrid polymers of loe mieme. Other polymer polymers can also be used, the types of polymers that are not used astly for revetment are powder because they are not compatible with cryogenic or mechanical grinding, they can also be used with ethe. invention The thermosetting systems may also employ any of the retisulation or surasion agents customarily employed in coating are powder, for example isocyanate-blocked polymers and isocyanurate of trisol. Again, the frassión of solids must represent one. sufficiently high frassión of the. Coefficient of powder coating presureor to be able to form a coating powder by evaporating the solvent by suing the rose by means of the rosin of compressible and to form partisulae of powder of sufficient size, but it should not be excessively high which would prevent the formation of a rostrum substantially suppressive or provosaría the formai? n of excessively large partisulae. In general terms, the solidification of solids should generally be greater than about 10% by weight of the coating powder precursor somposisance, preferably greater than about 15%, greater degree of preference is greater than about 20%, and are a degree optimum of preferensia euperior to approximately 25%. However, the level of solids used will depend on the properties of the polymer system and other components used and the appropriate level should generally be determined experimentally. Due to low molecular weight polymers, the thermal enduring materials may generally rosy to higher levels of solids than the plastics systems. For such systems, the levels of eolidoe can be greater than about 40%, preferably above about 50%, even if lower levels can also be used. In the case of applications in which the coating powder produced by the dessompressed rosin is directly sprayed onto a substrate, polymer can be used as a lower molecular weight and a lower glass temperature as compared to the powder used in powders. Conventional lining that must be stored and transported. Therefore, the shelf-stable solids content may be correspondingly higher and may reach 70 to 90% or more, according to the requirements of the liming and viscosity. Even though higher and lower viscosities may be employed, the presurfacing deposition of coating powder will generally have a viscosity of about 500 to about 5000 sentipoiee, preferably from about 800 to about 3000 sentipoise, measured at a temperature of about 25 °. C, A fraction of solvent that is at least partially missible is the frassión of solids and sufficiently volatile. Any of the aforementioned solvents can be used according to their conveniences and solubility characteristics for the particular system. In general terms, suing less than one solvent is an astivs solvent for the polymer used. Again, the desirable solvent frassion has a mean relative evapotranspiration volatility of greater than about 70, preferably greater than about 85, a greater degree of preference than about 105, with an even greater degree of preference in excess of about 140, and are an optimum preferensia degree in excess of about 175. The average relative evaporation velocity is preferably less than about 4000, preferably less than about 3000, and are an optimum degree of preference less than about 2000, With less of a compressed fluid ee of preferensia carbon dioxide or stage and it is preferably a eupersrítiso fluid in the temperature and pressure in the sual the liquid mixture is rossed. At least one gas flow can be applied to the eubetansially dessompreeous ross to insure the turbulent mezosla velosity or the temperature within the rosé or ambae soeae, before it is indiscreet. For use in coating are powder, the coating materials formed by the methods of the present invention preferably have an average particle size greater than about 10 microns, with a greater degree preferably greater than about 15 microns, and with a degree preferably optimum greater than about 20 microns. It is preferred that the average particle size is less than about 125 microns, with a higher degree of preference less than about 100 microns, with a still higher degree of preference less than about 75 microns and is an optimum degree of preference lower than approximately 50 misras. The coating powders preferably have a distribution of limited particle sizes, preferably with a range of less than about 2.0, a greater degree of preference are a range of less than about 1.8, a still greater degree preferably being less than about a range. 1.6, and are an optimal degree of preference are a range less than. approximately 1.4. The coating powder formed in this manner can then be deposited on a coating, either directly or indirectly, and the substrate heated to form a coating film thereon, as is known to those skilled in the art. In the sampo of heterogeneous satellites, there is a need for morphologically improved satatory support and precureore. The performance of a catalyst is frequently affected by its morphological form. A step in the formation of a component of a solid material often takes place in the drying of the material and giving the desired shape to the material is part of the process. Morphological faces such as shape, particle size, particle size distribution, porosity, and s i iity can be controlled, to a greater or lesser extent, by means of such techniques as physical izasion, impregnated ion, or rosed. While the following presentation will focus on systems for olefin polymerization systems, the expert in the field of catalysis will note that the methods of this invention can also be applied to other catalyst systems, and that the methods are not limit? the olefin polymerization. Rosinning is particularly effective in the production of olefin polymerization systems because partisans or fewer reasonably-sized particles of reasonably uniform size can often be obtained at great expense. A solder or paste of either an inert support, a reactive support, or a catalyst precursor can be dried by rossing. As examples of inert vehicles, mention may be made of miso-ferrous silicas, examples of remanufacture vehicles which may contain magnesium salts, for example, magnesium halide, or magnesium halide, and, as catalyst precursors, electron-donating adducts, halide. of magneei o / ha luro de titanio. The rosin firing processes are typically carried out in solvents such as water, or in organese solvents with alcohols, ethers or steres. The material to be sprayed is ensued when it is partially depleted, often in the presence of organic or inorganic fillers. An extrudate or sticky paste containing the solid component to be spray dried is typically ejected from an orifisium in the form of a rosette, and the liquid particle is removed during the trayeste by evaporation. The droplet must be substantially rigid within a few seconds so that it does not deform or destroy upon impact. However, the rossing of these materials presents problems. The energy required for the rapid evaporation of the solvent component is typically supplied in the form of a salor and the particles are solidified by evaporation. Therefore, the solvents must be as hot as possible, and in the case of organic solvents and organometallic reagents can lead to decomposition, undesirable collateral reactions, or premature precipitation of the products of the reaction. Even when higher temperatures can be obtained, the limitations of the process interfere with the successful processing by rosary. If the thermal sapidity of the ore solvent is lowered, it can not provide enough thermal energy to allow a complete sedimentation.; If the vapor pressure of the solvent is too low, I will not obtain sufficient evaporation in the second deposits prior to the impact of the liquid droplets on the walls of the rosium heater. During the large-scale process, the evaporation of the evaporated solvent becomes a major challenge for reasons of progress and environmental considerations. Freshly, the organic solvents can not be collected, removed and suffused sufficiently quickly so that the produssion is affected. In the case of the binder by rosé, they are liquid liquids, they require large quantities of inert gases such as, for example, nitrogen for the process of reusing the sun. Drying by rosé also imposes ions on the firm form of the particle. One problem arises from the fact that the solvent contains most of the volume of the droplet, that is, the solvent in 1% solids. The size of the liquid droplets can not be increased beyond a certain level without causing the droplet ion desomposition. The loss of the larger volume frassión of this droplet, on evaporation, frequently leads to residual eolid particles having a size much lower than desired. Other ways of increasing the amount of eolidoe in a droplet also have limitations. The increase of the solids content of a fresh melt is not fast because the material is not sufficiently soluble or the viscosity becomes too high to rosy the material. The instementoe as sutenido in eolidoe of a paste provosan obetruss ions more fresuente of pipe and instruments so we are a produsto of irregular shape. While aspects of the materials of the materials used in the process do not sound euphorically in all cases, it can nevertheless be observed that the process of thermal evaporation. provides a non-uniform biasing of the partisula, as can be seen by the conformation of skins (honeye sheaths), cracked partisulae, and differential presiption of chemically different components within the partisula. In contrast, by means of compliant compressed fluids are the methods of the present invention, higher levels of elastomers can be achieved because they require one. minor holiness of solvent for spraying; the speed of evaporation can i nsrementaree; ee requires a lower sanctity of thermal energy; the lower rosé temperature keeps the material stable; ee requires one. Minor removal of solvent are high boiling point; ee can obtain an improved solubility, typically in preeensia of polymeric binders; ee requires a minor evacuation of the effluent solvent; and ee may require a lesser sanctity of purging gae. Aeimiemo, you can form a unique particle morphology, according to the. used, and the catalyst supports may have a more limited particle size distribution. Doe type reactive supports containing magnesium are spray dried. The formation of drosodiiscarbonates of d? Magnesium from hydrosarbium magnesium oxide and gaseous sarbono dioxide is well known in the teasin (see North American Patent Number 4,923,446). Magnesium hydrocarbates lsarbonatoe can be represented by the formula Mg (OR) (OR '). sC02, where R and R 'represent alkyl or aryl groups, and x has a value of 0.1 to 2.0. It is believed that this material is formed from a mixture of two, and possibly more, components (H. L, Finkbeiner and G. W, Wagner, J. Org. Chem. 28: 215, 1963), These components include a monoalsoxy monosarbone to and disarbonate of formula Mg (0C00R) 2. Among other catalytic applications, these supports are used as a component of the polymerization process, and the olefin ion of the gas phase is the same as in the North American Patent Number 4,540,679 and 4,771,024. Magnesium lsarbonate is presented in North American Patent Number 4,771,024. The materials are often unstable to deesompoeisi in alsóxidss and sarbonatoe mixed at a temperature above ambient temperature. Materials solutions are R = methyl present a total stability only in high pressure sondisisnes; The ethanol solusions are R = ethyl begin to deesomponeree at the temperature of sessed by rosiads, usually from 70 ° C to 100 ° C where nitrogen is used at inlet temperatures d? 100 ° C to 140 ° C. The solutions d? ethanol are present in Mg higher than about 4% have a too high visosity for a conventional sedimentation by rosso to essela somersial without being subjected to a parsial dessomposission because the temperature d? The solvates of the magnesium slurry of dietary donors, for example, also alcohols and ethers, are well tolerated in the polymerization resin of olefin, as described in the Patents North America isanae Number 4,124,532. and 4,684,703, and its eesado by rosio, either. by themselves (US Patent Nos. 3,953,414 and 4,111,835) or somo adducts are titanium halides, they are also sonosidoe (US Patent Number 4,293,673). The solids in tetrahydrofura.no pose special problems because the solubility of magnesium slurry in tetrahydrofuran decreases by a fastsr of two between the ambient temperature and the temperature of 65 ° C due to the unwanted pressure of the material in one. way less soluble and probably poli érisa. (K. Handlir, J, Holecek, and L. Benee, Collestion of Czechselovak Chem. Commun, 50: 2422, 1985). Accordingly, a method for decreasing the feasible temperature of the rostrate and increasing the solubility is highly desirable. Eeta invensión can be used to form catalysts, catalyst supports, or precursors d? Satal i zadsres for heterogeneous hemodialysis by drying by rosé of a saponative liquid precursor somposision containing 1) a slurry of solids that are the ingredients of a satallizer, satallizer support, or satalycer precureor and that can form particles by evaporation of the suando eolvente rose in the form of a rosy dessompresi vo; and 2) a slurry of solvent that is partly less miscible with the fraction of eolid and sufficiently volatile so that a presumptive deposition of satallizer can form partisulae when the rosette is in the form of a rosin of symmetry. For rosium, the catalyst precursor sludge is mixed with less than one squeezed fluid to form a liquid mixture in a closed system, the squeezed fluid is enshrined in an euphoric sanctity so that the liquid mixture can form an eubertantly dewormed dew. The liquid mixture is then removed under conditions of temperature and pressure that provide an eubetansially deosompressed roster by passing the mixture through an orifice in a suitable environment for the formation of particles by evaporation of solvent. The aforementioned teachings that refer to the formation of solid partisans refer, in eu saeo, to the formation of catalysts, catalyst supports, and catalyst precursors are the methods of the present invention, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, and the following presentation is specific for these satative materials. The solidification of solids from the pressurized somatization of satalizads are the dry ingredients of the catalyst support, or the catalyst precursor and can generally comprise less than one substance capable of functioning as a sataylator of solid particles, satayist support, or satalizer presurer, sonosido on the part of experts in the field. In general terms, the at least one compound will comprise an inorganic compound or an organometallic moiety. A polymeric compound such as a thermoplastic iso polymer can also be used as a binder in the catalyst support. The catalyst, catalyst support, or catalyst precursor ingredients can comprise any of the aforementioned materials used for 1T olefin catalysis, including magnesium hydrocarbonates, magnesium sulphate, and magnesium slurry. Again the frassión of solids must be a sufficiently high frassión of the catalyst pres¡reserra composition to be able to for particles by evaporation of solvent when rosso by roseros desompreei vo and to form partisulae of euphoric size, but it should not be excessively high because I could not form a roster subetansialment? dessompresi vo or this would cause the formation of excessively large particles. The slurry of eolid should generally be greater than about 15% by weight of the precursor catalyst sompoecision, preferably greater than about 20%, are higher d? Preference above about 25%, and still greater degree of preferensia, greater than about 30%. Appropriateness will depend on the physical properties and chemises of the specific slurry of the eolid, such as molecular weight and solubility. The. fractionation of solids should generally be less than about 90% by weight of the catalyst precursor somposission, preferably less than about 80%, are greater degree of preferensi? less than about 70%, and are preferensia optimum degree less than about 60%. Even when higher or lower vissoeidadee may be employed, the precursor somporeal condition will generally have a perceived miserliness between about 200 and about 5000 sentipoiee, preferably between about 500 and about 3000 sentipois ?, with a higher degree of preference between about 800 and approximately 2000 sentipoiee, measured at a temperature of approximately 25 ° C. A frassión of eolvente is susoge that is suando menoe parsialmente missiblß are the frassión of solids and sufisientemente volatile. A higher solubility is preferred. The solvents are preferensia sompatiblee ssn the preeervasión of the astivity of the satallizer and the ability of the material of heater. Any of the aforementioned solvents can be used, according to their solubility and suitability for the partisan satalizing system. If a solid polymer is insulated in the solidification of solids, preferably less solvent is used for the polymer. As mentioned above, for the catalyst materials used for the catalysis of olefins, the preferred solvents are alcohols such as somo ethanol; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran (THF); and esters. Another time, the flusion of the solvent has preferensi? an average relative evaporation velocity greater than about 70, a higher degree of preferensia, an average relative evaporation velocity greater than about 85, an even greater degree of preference, an average relative evaporation velocity greater than about 105, with an even higher degree being preferred. preferably an average relative velocity greater than about 140, and with an optimum preference degree an average relative evaporation velocity greater than about 175. The average relative evaporation velocity is preferably less than about 4000, a higher degree of preference is lower than approximately 3000, and they are an optimum preferensia degree of less than about 2000. The supero minus a somprimido fluid is preferable sompatible are the preservation of the satallizing activity and the stability of the satay material. The preferred squeezed fluid can be sampled according to the satallizing system. In general, it prefers sarbono or ethane dioxide, but may prefer ethylene, propane or propylene or a mixture of them for sataceous materials prepared for olefinic catalysis to achieve synergy, or compatibility are the operation of polymers. on Is the squeezed fluid preferred? a fluid eupersritiso in sondisionee of temperature and preeión in which the liquid mixture sprays. Even if a higher temperature of rosium is preferred for a quicker evaporation of the rosin solvent, the temperature must be compatible with the preservation of the satatyrous astivity, because some of the materials, as previously mentioned, are sensitive to the temperature, especially when they are found in solvents. Therefore, it generally prefers the lower temperature of the rosette that provides a desirable rosin and an adequate evaporation of the solvent, which will depend on the specific system used. The catalysts, catalyst supports, and catalyst precursors formed by the methods of the present invention generally have, in desirable form, an average particle size of about 10 millimeters, preferably of about 15 microns, and are a higher degree of preferensia greater than about 20 misrae. For some catalyst systems, an average particle size of about 25 millimeters is preferred, whereas for other systems, for example highly porous particles, larger particles with an average particle size greater than about 40 microns are especially preferred. In general terms, the average particle size is preferably less than about 200 microns, are a greater degree of preferensi? less than 150 misrae, and still more preferably less than about 125 misrae. For some catalysts, the average particle size is preferably less than 1000, and for other systems less than about 70 misters. The most favorable particle size will depend on the specific aplissation. Samples, catalytic supports, and catalyst precursors preferably have a distribution of limited particle sizes, as mentioned above. To maintain the astivity and stability of the satallizer, for some systems d? moisture-sensitive satallizer, ST prefers a rosé environment that has a very low level of humidity or, are higher degree d? pr? ferensia, without humidity. In the case of oxygen-sensitive resin material, the spray environment has a low oxygen content or, preferably, does not contain oxygen, such as a nitrogen atmosphere. It has also been discovered that a liquid catalyst precursor which has a slurry of eolid, which consists of an organic polymer and at least one inorganic or organometallic substance., since the rosin is squeezed fluid, it can form catalyst, catalyst support, or catalyst precursor particles having a novel and useful morphology and particle size. The individual particles comprise an aggregate of solid particles that contain when there is an inorganic or organometallic substance, for example misrosoloidal presipitate, which is found at least partially enclosed in a polycarbonate shell. The aggregation of the misropartisulae provides a porous internal part and the thin, partially open external polymeric shell allows the penetration d? reastivoe hasia the interior and allows the formation of desirably larger part sizes. For example, a presumptive saponative somposisance that is 20% (by weight) of a magnesium sulphate sessile that contains eílise vapors, 20% solid ashystide polymer, 30% tantalum, and 30% ethyl acetate was rosiada are 37% dioxide d? carbon in the liquid mixture at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1800 psig in ambient air. Photographs obtained by misrossopio elestróniso showed that the sataly carrier support particles formed in this way comprised a porous set of solid misroparticles and contained the presoaked magnesium hydrocarbon, all partially wrapped in an asymmetric polymer shell. . The particle size distribution obtained is shown as distribution B in Figure 2, where ee compares with the conventional distribution A obtained by the eessed by thermal thread, using a rotary atomizer, of the magnesium sulfate deposition in ethanol. The sizes of satallizer support particles obtained are the squeezed fluid, which is desirably eubstantially larger than the sizes for the so-called satalizer support. The rosium dessompreei vo also produced a dieminusion of monomodal particle sizes that was more limited than the broad bimodal dietribusion produced by the sonvensional drying by rosium, which also contained a large undesirable frassión of partisulae of a size less than 10 misrae. Thus, the conventional rosium binder required a low solids level of less than 8% and a high temperature above 100 ° C in a hot nitrogen atmosphere in a batch chamber. This invention can also be used to form solid particles in spray-busting powder of a liquid hydraulics composition that are 1) a non-volatile material that is solid or that can become solid, that can be rosy and can form eolid particles by evaprostration suando is sprayed as a decompree; and 2) a fraction of the solvent that is suctioned with menoe water; It is euphoriately volatile and having water in an amount such that said hydraulic composition can form solid particles when sprayed as a selective spray. For spraying, the hydraulic composition is mixed at least one compressed fluid to form a liquid mixture in a serrated system, the squeezed fluid is a fluid superscrit in temperature and pressure scenarios in which the liquid mixture spreads and is eubstantially found present in the liquid mixture in a finely dispersed liquid phase of squeezed fluid, in a sapity that has a liquid mass can form a substantially suppressive surface. The liquid mixture is sprayed at a temperature above about 40 ° C, preferably above about 50 ° C, and a higher degree of preference is greater than about 55 ° C, and at a pressure preferably greater than about 1200 p.sig. Higher degree of preferensia greater than about 1400 peig, which promotes an eubestinely desesompreei ve rssio to pareo the mezsla through an orifisio in an environment designed to form solid particles by evaporation, which preferably has a low level of humidity. Because water has a higher evaporation temperature than organic solvents, a higher rosium temperature is generally required. The frassión of water are preferensi? when it weighs 35% water by weight. Again, the frassión of non-volatile materials must represent a sufficiently high fraction of the sompoeission in water to be able to form solid particles by evaporation suing rosin by rosium dessompreei vo. Hydreulisa somposission can be a solusion or a diepereión. The slurry of eolide can be made from a polymer that is a polymer that can die in water or a water-soluble polymer. The fraction of solids can also be a dissolution of detergent or it can contain when less organic material is soluble in water, or it can sustain less inorganic water soluble solution. The squeezed fluid ee preferably returns to form one. liquid phase in the temperature and preesion of the eupersr ítisae by the hydraulics somposision containing suapdo menoe a somponent ?, for example an eolvente, missible are the fluid somprids. As shown in the United States Patent Application Serial No. 128,880, filed on September 29, 1993, somionee hydraulics containing a sufficient amount of a finely-liquid liquid phase of squeezed fluid may form a disproportionately large amount of fluid. absence of a significant solubility of the compressed fluid in the aqueous phase. Even if you can use higher vissoeidade if a purely depressible water is formed, the hydraulics will generally have a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise at a temperature of 25 ° C, preferably less than about 1500 sensipoiee. higher degree of preferensia less than about 1000 sentipoise, and are an optimum preferensia degree less than about 700 centipoiee. Preferably, at least one gas flow is applied to the dew eubatively in order to increase the turbulent mixing speed or the temperature within the rosium or both, to insure the evaporation value of the water. The teachings mentioned above ST refer to the formation of solid particles from hydraulic compositions and ST refer, in this case, to the formation of solid particles from hydraulic compositions in the practice of this invention, unless otherwise indicated . It has also been discovered that the rosette of compression can also be used to flatten the films and reveals more materials from hydraulic coating compositions that have water level, due to the improved evaporation of the water in the rosarium. The sprinkling of sprayed hydraulic coating 1) contains a water level that allows the suspension to be sprayed with no squeezed fluid, 2) it can form a coating on a substrate, and 3) it has a fraction of solvents that comprises at least approximately 35% water by weight. For spraying, the hydropulous release sludge is mixed with a compressed fluid to form a liquid mixture in a serrated system, the fluid ssprimed 1) is eubatively present in the liquid mixture in the form of a finely-digested liquid phase of squeezed fluid and 2) ensueptra in? sanity that makes the liquid mixture can form a rosÃs substans IÃ © lmente deesompresi vo. The liquid mixture was turned under conditions of temperature and pressure that give rise to a substantially suppressive flow through step d? the mixture a. through an orifice in a suitable environment for the evaporation of agu and by the aplissation of a revetment on a substrate. Preferably the gaseous environment has a low level of humidity. Surprisingly, even when the squeezed fluid can have solubility in the. Hydrophore coating, through the use of a finely dispersed liquid fae of squeezed fluid in the liquid mix, the rostrate is subjected to a transition from a liquid-film to a rosin, to form the level of fluid squeezed it increases or rises to temperature, in a manner similar to that mentioned above for water-free substances which have a solubility of emitted phythalic fluid. The preferred squeezed fluids are carbon dioxide and ethane. As used herein, it will be understood. that the term "hydraulic coating composition" includes not only the coating compositions used to form protective or decorative coatings, but also includes adhesives, release agents, lubricants, agricultural materials, and the like that can be sprayed to deposit a coating on? substratum. The hydrophobic coating compositions that can be used are the present invention typically containing less polymer than TS which can be dispersed in water or a water-soluble polymer and which can form a revetment on a substrate, the polymerizable applicants being insoluble. thermoplastic polymers, thermal hardening polymers, grinding film forming systems, component oils and components thereof, and mixtures thereof, typically employed in conventional hydraulic coating compositions without squeezed fluid. The polymers may be solid polymer or liquid polymer, and may be dissolved, dispersed or emulsified in the frassion of solvents. Finally, the polymers include acrylics, polyethers, polyvinyl resins, such as polyvinyl acetate, alkyls, polyurethanes, epoxies, phenolic resins, cellulosic polymers such as methycelluloea, hydroxymethylamulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and nitrotensile, amino polymers such as urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde, polyalkylene glycol and natural polymers, polyamidae, natural gums and resin, silicon-containing polymer and the like.

In addition to the polymer, the composition may contain conventional additives that are typically used in hydraulic coatings. For example, pigments, pigmeptoe extensions, eesamae metals, fillers, emulsifiers, wetting agents,? Ller agents, dispersing agents, thickeners, anti-foam agents, agglutin ion agents, driers, ray absorbers can be used. ultra violet, insecticides, pH regulators, neutralizers, retisulators, platypids, and mixtures of loe miemes. In addition to water, the frassión d? solvent can contain one or more organic solvents. The organic solvent can perform various functions such as solubilizing the polymer and other components, providing adequate flow characteristics such as leveling to adjust the rate of drying, facilitate pigment dispersion, and the like. In general preferred organic solvents are water soluble such as alcohols, glycol ethers, ketones, methylate and isethone, and the like, which are typically used in hydraulic coating formations. Solubonal coupling solvents, for example, et.alpha.1-isol ethers, prop-1-isol ethers and the like, can also be used. The determination of a specific fraction of solvents to form a given hydraulic coating composition is well known to those skilled in the coatings industry. Preferably, the hydraulic coating composition has less 70% of the water content used to rostrate the composition without squeezed fluid, they are more preferably less than 80%, they are even more preferably less than 90%, and are an optimum degree of preferensia suando less approximately 95%. Preferably, the hydraulic composition has a viscosity at a temperature of about 25 ° C, less than about 200 sentipoiee, a greater degree of preference is less than about 150 sentipoiee, there is an even greater degree of preferensia of less than about 100 sentipoiee, and they are an optimum degree of preferensia less than about 75 sent ipoi ee. It is possible to use rosin-based systems by means of which the hydraulic coating can be supplied without compressed fluid, including pneumatic spraying, low pressure and high volume spraying (HVLP), airless spraying, spraying with air-supported air, and rotating atomizers. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in water, na. part of the carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid, which increases the acidity and decreases the pH of the system. Therefore, when carbon dioxide is used, somatic fluid is squeezed, and hydrophobic coating sequences are sensitive to a lower pH level, espe- cially at very high levels. pH, preferably the pH of the liquid mixture is sonrola to avoid. The pressure of the subara polymer is added to the hydrophobic hydrophobicity. In preference, the pH is controlled by the passage of a pH regulator. Regulators are commonly used in hydraulic coating processes to maintain a pH at a desirable level as known to those skilled in the art. An example of a regulator is a carbonate / bisarbonate regulator that regulates the pH to about 10. The pH can also be controlled by the addition of alkali and other basic materials such as ammonia, sodium hydroxide, salsium sarbonate, and other saltse. The liquid phase of the squeezed fluid is finely dispersed in the liquid mixture by vigorous application or mixing of the liquid mixture as the squeezed fluid is added to the hydrophobic surface. The way these materials are added is not critical to the practice of this invention when the liquid phase of the squeezed fluid is subtlely dispersed in the liquid mixture. Aesthetic or power mixers can be used. The formation and maintenance of the finely dispersed liquid fae of squeezed fluid in the liquid mixture can be aided by the use of a dispersion agent., emulsi fisant? or d? ßstabi 1 i zasi? n for the fluid squeezed in the test of the present invention. Such agents are generally sulphatic materials, for example the nonioniso NP - 10 of TERGITOL (MR), which are used to produce more or less stable mixtures of liquids and can not be used as hydrocarbons in water (Martene, Charles R, Water-Borne Coatings, Van Nostrand Reinhsld, New York, 1981). They promote the ease of mixing by redussing the interfasial tension. Surfactants generally include long-chain molesulae that have a hydrophobic end and a lipophilic end. The surfactant materials are commonly used in hydraulic coating structures that are polymerized and disperse as is known to those skilled in the art. Talee materials can also help form and maintain a disperesion of the. liquid phase of fluid somprimids which typically has properties similar to a hydrosarbide material. Up to 5% or more may be required in bae to the vehicle petrol wind. The sanctity of squeezed fluid used in the liquid mixture. it must be such that the liquid phase. of compressed fluid, remain ebstans finely dispersed in a liquid mixture and proporsisne a suitable atomization. If the amount of the squeezed fluid is excessively high, larger agglomerations than desired can be formed from the liquid squeezed liquid which may make maintenance of a uniform dispersion even more difficult. Therefore, even if greater sanitation can be used, the sanctity of squeezed fluid present in the liquid mixture is preferably less than about 40% by weight, with a higher degree of preference less than about 35%, are an even greater degree of preference less than about 30, and an optimum degree of preference less than about 25%. The sanctity of the squeezed fluid present in the liquid mixture must be at least an amount that causes the liquid to form a subetanously deesompreei ve rosium. The sanctity required will depend on the vissoeity and the properties of the hydrophobic coating. The liquid mixture is preferably of less than approximately 4% of the fluid ssprimed, with a greater degree of preference being less than about 6% of fluid somprimids. they are an even greater degree of preferepsia suando menoe approximately 10% of fluid somprimido, and are an optimum degree of preferably less than 15% of fluid somprimids.

Even though higher pressures may be employed, the rossing pressure is preferably less than about 3000 psi, more preferably less than about 2000 psi. Preferably the spray pressure above about 50% of the critical pressure of the compressed fluid, are greater degree d? preferensia greater than about 75% of the srítisa pressure, and are optimal preference grade higher than the critical pressure. Preferably, the pressure is sufficiently high to allow the compressed fluid to form a liquid phase. Preferably, the rosium temperature of the liquid mixture is less than about 150 ° C, the greater degree of preference is less than about 100 ° C, and the optimum degree of preference is less than about 80 ° C. Preferably, the spray temperature above about 25 ° C with a greater degree of preference than about 30 ° C, is an even higher degree of preference. above about 40 ° C, and they are an optimum preference level above about 50 ° C to increase the rate of water evaporation. The liquid mixture is sprayed of preferensi? in conditions of temperature and pressure in which the squeezed fluid is a superscript fluid.

The squeezed fluid preferably returns to form a liquid phase in temperature and emersion properties, by the hydrophobic solution containing a component, such as, for example, the squeezed fluid. The hidpoeisión hydraulic liner are d? preferensi ?. suando menoe an eolvente organiso that can be extracted from the compoeición hydraulic coating. in the squeezed fluid, thus allowing the squeezed fluid to form the liquid phase of squeezed fluid in superdispersions of temperature and superscript pressure. It is understood that only a part of the organelle solvent, in general only a small part, requires an excess of The hydrophobicity of the hydraulic release to form liquid faucet of squeezed fluid. Alternatively, the liquid mixture. You can also be in addition to an orginal asset that is not measurable. hydrophobic coating; that is suando menoe partially miscible with the fluid compressed under pressure; and which is present in at least a quantity that allows the squeezed fluid to form the liquid phase of fluid ssprimed in temperature and erythropionic properties, and this is desirable because the hydraulic coating spectivity does not have an extendable organism solvent. or they are in such a quantity as to suffice. It is especially useful to spray the hydraulic coating compositions that are polymerized and can be dispersed in water. Such non-soluble organo solvents are typically hydrocarbon solvents such as somo pentane, hexane, hepta.no, ostane, desapo, toluene, xylene, and the like, including hydrosarburoe branched and aromatized but other insoluble solvents may also be used. Insoluble solvents have preference. A relatively high evaporation rate, preferably above about 100 (SEE of butyl setates = 100), for example heptane, hexane and heptane, toluene and emulsion, in such a way that the solvent evaporates easily during rossing. The insoluble organism solvent should be used in an adequate minimum sanity to provide a sufficient quantity of liquid fae of compressed fluid for spraying are the object of minimizing the emissions of the organismic solvent. In general terms, the insoluble organic solvent content will be between approximately 2% and approximately 25% of the total weight of the hydraulic coating and insoluble organism solvent, preferably between approximately 4% and approximately 20%, and with a greater degree of preference between about 5% and about 15%.

Again, an elongated orifice is the aforementioned characteristics can be used to fill the liquid mixture. Droplets are produced d? liquid rosé that generally have an average diameter of one miera or máe. Preferably, the droplets have an average diameter of from about 5 to about 150 misrae, are greater degree of preferensia d? about 10 to about 100 slides, are an even greater degree of preferensia of about 15 to about 70 slides, and in an optimum degree of preference of about 20 to about 50 slides, the environment in which the hiding of the hydraulic sheath is sprayed is not It is stressfully srítisa. Preferably, the liquid mixture is sprayed in air at a pressure of atmoeférisa preeión or sersanae to the atmoeférisa preeión. Other gaseous environments can also be used. The relative humidity should allow a sufficient evaporation of the water from the liquid rostrate to produce the desired forma tion of the revetment on a stage. Therefore, a relatively high relative humidity should be avoided and a low relative humidity is preferred. The liquid rosin mixtures that are contained in the squeezed fluid can be prepared for the first time. rosiado by s? alier rosiador apparatus presented in the aforementioned Patents or other apparatuses. The rossing apparatus may also be a UNICARB (MR) System Supply Unit manufactured by Nordson Corporation to provide, mix, heat, and pre-cure coating compositions are compressed fluids such as sarbon dioxide for rosin coating. While the preferred forms of this invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that methods and apparatus other than those presented can be employed without departing from the spirit or the spirit of the present invention. EXAMPLE 1 Liquid polymer compositions containing cellulose acetate butyrate polymer were prepared by dissolving Eastman Chemical Cellulose Ester CAB-318-0.1 (Eastman cellulose ether) solid in various solvents to be sprayed with compressed carbon dioxide fluid. The polymer had molecular weights of 45,260 (Mw) and 19,630 (Mn!) Composition and sarbon dioxide were blended and sprayed continuously by using the apparatus presented in Figure 2 of US Patent Number 5,105,843. carbon dioxide from a cylinder and was regulated to the dew point, and a mass flow meter measured the mass flow velocity of the carbon dioxide fed by means of a check valve to the point of mixing. Sompoeisión was pumped from a tank and measured by a pressure gear pump A gear gauge measured the sanctity provided by a check valve to the mixing point The velocity of the gear pump was controlled by a signal from the meter of the mass flow to automatically produce the desired propulsion of somposission and carbon dioxide, the velocity of the measurement was adjusted by means of a feedback signal ta ion from the gear meter to sorre the inefisiensia of the pump. The mezsla Liquid of the sompoeission and carbon dioxide was mixed in an aesthetic mixer and added with liquid resins mix. The sirsuito de sirs? Elión had a static mixer, a piston-type accumulator, doe heaters, filter, visor, spray gun and sirsulasión pump. It was used a Nordeon SCF - 1 Automatic Roser Gun are a boquill? No. 123007, which had an orifice size of 0.23 m and a fan width of 25.4 sm. The first sompoeission contained 30% polymer dissolved in 70% methylate i lsetone (in peeo). LT velosity of average relative evaporation (SEE) was 631. A spray mixture that had 45-46% carbon dioxide, a rosium temperature of 50 ° C, and a preion of rosario of 1800 peig (meter) produced one. Swarm of rosario slara and rosio deesompreei vo paraboliso of an ansho of 30.48-35.56 sm. The rosé of a test panel showed that there was dry powder in all the rosette pattern in the ambient air of the rosé sampana (approximately 25 ° C) to a 30.48 sm diet of the rosette nozzle. At a spray temperature of 60 ° C it produced dry powder at 22.86 sm. The dry powders were collected. The second composition contained 40% polymer and 60% methyl ethyl ketone. A rosette of ssn approximately 45% of sarbono dioxide at 50 ° C and 1600 psig produced a mixture of doe faeee, a decompressive rosium, and a dry powder at a distance of 30.48 sm. The rosé at 60 ° C also produced a dry powder at 30.48 sm. The rosé powder was resounded and measured by means of a Malvern (MR) dry particle size meter. The powder had an average particle size of 24 microns and one. limited dietribusión are only 12% of lae partisulae (in volume) less than 10 misrae and only 10% superior to 55 misrae in terms of. s? size. Using the pre-orifice (No, 138344) for the rosette nozzle obtained a powder at 22.86 sm, the sual was resounded. The third composition contained 30% polymer and 70% butyl acetate. The average SEW was 100. A dew mix with 49% carbon dioxide at 60DC and 1600 peig produced a clear eolusion and debris spray. There was dust in all the rosé pattern at 45.72 sm. The rosé at 71 ° C (solubility limit) produced a dry powder at 30.48 sm. The rosé powder was collected. The low somposission was 30% polymer, 35% met i let i lsetone, and 35% met i lamone. The average SEE was 75. A mixture of rosium are approximately 35% of sarbono dioxide at 50 ° C and 1600 peig produced an angular rosette 1 liquid-film that permanded liquid and did not produce sess powder. Using 50% of sarbono dioxide ee produced a slag, a dessompreei ve, and a dry powder at 45.72 sm inches both at 50 ° C at 60 ° C. As a somatization, the sompoesion was similarly rosted at 60 ° C without sarbono dioxide. This proportion? an angular 1 fluid-film that permanded liquid and did not produce dust. For another comparison, we tried to use a pneumatic rosette gun, but the viesosidad (780 sentipoise) was too high to be able to rosiarse. The fifth sompoeisión contained 30% polymer and 70% met i let i lsetona. The average SEE was 40. A mezsla. Of rosio are approximately 55% of sarbono dioxide was rosiada at temperatures of up to 70 ° C and pressures of haeta. 1600 peig, all of these are provided with rosaries of expression that remained liquid and did not produce dry dust.

The seventh somposission was 25% polymer, 23% metallic, 35% metallic and 17% CELLOSOLE butyl acetate (MR). The average SEW was 12. A rosé mixture is approximately 36% of sarbono dioxide at 60 ° C and at a pressure of 1600 peig it provided a rosette of oil that permeated liquid and did not produce dry powder. Example 2 Liquid polymeric compositions containing asylosis polymer were prepared by dissolving ROHM & HAAS ACRYLOID (MR) B-66 solid in several solventße. The polymer had molecular weights of 45, 290 (Mw) and 24,750 (Mn). The first somposission was 40% polymer and 60% acetone. The average VIEW was 1440. A Nordson SCF-1 rosette gun was used with a nozzle No. 123007 and the pre-orifice. A mixture of rosé are 35% of sarbono dioxide at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1800 psig produced a rosy 1 iquido-pe 1 ula in the form of fish tail that permanded liquid. Using 43% of sarbono dioxide ee obtained a clear eolusion (limit of eolubility) a rosero desompresi vo, and dry powder in ambient air at a distance of 30.48 sm, Disho dust was resogido. The second somposision contained 30% polymer and 70% acetone. A spray mixture with 40% carbon dioxide at 60 ° C and 1800 peig produced a transition thread. Using 45% of sarbono dioxide, a solids solution and a rosin were obtained, and the sessed powder was recovered by rosium. By way of comparison, the sompoeisión was rosiada of the same way without the dioxide of sarbono. The airless rostrum provided an iris-filtrate that produced moist fibers in the form of a spider's web and did not provide dry dust. As another sompassion, a somposission of the polymer and asetone are a vissoeity of rosé pneumatis tipisa of 93 sentipoiee was sprayed with a pomace of rosio pneumatic. The pneumatic tire also produced fibers in the shape of a spider web and no dust was obtained. The third composition contained 30% polymer and 70% met i let i Icetona. The average VIEW was 631. First, the Nordson SCF-1 spray gun was used with nozzle No. 123007 and without pre-orifice. A spray mixture with 42.5% carbon dioxide at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1600 peig produced a slaking eolusion, a deworming spray, and a dust at 30.48 sm. The powder eesado by rosiado was resolieron and the size of partisula was moderate. The powder had an average particle size of 21 slides and a limited dietribusion is only 11% of the particles (volume) below 10 micron and only 10% above 36 micron in size. For comparison, the composition was sprayed in the same way without sarbon dioxide. This provided an angular 1 fluid-film that produced wet fibers in the form of a spiderweb and no dust was obtained. As another comparison, a composition of the polymer and methyl isethone is a typical pneumatic rosin viscosity of 94 centipoise was the rosette pneumatic pistol. The rosiado neu étiso also produced large fibrous webs but no dust. Second, a rosette without air was used, they are AA3000 fatty air are rosette nozzle No. 163-309, they are an orifisio of 0.23 mm. A mixture of rosium is 42.5% of sarbono dioxide at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1600 psig produced a slaking eolusion, a rosin of esprespressed and dry powder to a dietnsia higher than 30.48 sm when auxiliary air was not used. Using auxiliary air for atomization at 20 psig, but not air forming, a dust was obtained (throughout the rosary pattern) at a distance of less than 30.48 sm. Therefore, the increased turbulent mixing of the surrounding air in the inner part of the rosium increased the evaporation rate. The heating of the auxiliary air at 30 ° C and 40 ° C provided sewage dust at distances of greater than 30.48 sm, and at 50 ° C and 60 ° C, dry powder was obtained at a distance of less than 30.48 sm. The blow-off of the auxiliary air at air pressure decreased the air table flow velocity because the density was lower, but the higher temperature inset the volatility. Using air at a pressure of 40 psig and a temperature of 23 ° C, 30 ° C, and 40 ° C, dried powder was obtained at a distance of less than 30.48 sm, and at temperatures of 50 ° C and 60 ° C dust less than 25.4 sm and 45.72 sm, respectively. The dried powder by rosado was resogido in all the sasoe. The smooth sompoeisión was 30% polymer and 70% metilproprone. The average SEE was 269. The Nordson rosette spray gun SCF-1 was used. Nozzle, 123007. A rosette is 42% of sarbono dioxide a. a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1800 peig produced a clear eolusion and a rosy deesompreei vo. Using the pre-orifisium ee obtained dust at a less than 45.72 sm. Without the pre-orifisio, a powder was obtained sess to a dietnsia euperior to 45.72 sm. In sada saeo ee resogió dust made by rosé. The fifth suspension contained 30% polymer and 70% butyl acetate. The average SEW was 100. The Greco piezo rosario was used with nozzle No. 163-309, a rosette mix is 43.5% carbon dioxide at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 1600 peig produced a Clare, a rosé deesompreei vo, and seso dust to a dietnsia euperior to 60.96 sm without auxiliary air and are air of atomization to 20 and 40 peig and 23, 30, 40 and 50 ° C. In each case the dry powder was reacted by rosé.

The compound composition contained 40% polymer and 60% butyl acetate. A mixture of rosé are 44% of sarbono dioxide at 60 ° C and 1600 psig produced a two-phase rosin mixture and a rosin dessompreei vo. First, the grease gun and nozzle No. 163-309, were used without auxiliary air and are atomizing air at 20 and 40 psig and 23, 30, 40 and 50 ° C. Second, the rosariora pietola. Nordson are rosary nozzle No. 123007 and pre-orifisio were used without and are flowed air to the rosé by means of softro 6.35 mm tubes of ssbre are two outputs of all side of the rosette at a distance of 2.54 sm del rosío and 2.54 sm per square and below the surface of the rosío. Air was used at 20 and 40 peig and 22, 30, 40, 50 and 60 ° C. Dry powder was produced at a dietnesia higher than 60.96 sm and in each case the sessed powder was rosed. By way of somparasión, the sompoeisión was rosiada without dioxide of sarbono by means of the Nordson pistol they are and without the pre-orifisio to the same, temperature and preeión. We obtained an angular spray liquid-film are shorroe strong sides that produced wet filamentous material and a strong central shorro that permanded liquid and did not produce any dust. LT seventh sompoeition contains 35% polymer and 65% methylsetone. The average SEE was 40. A mixture of rosé are 42% of sarbono dioxide at 60 ° C and 70 ° C and 1600 peig provided a clear solids and a rosy dessompreei vo that remained liquid and did not produce dry powder. The same results were obtained with 44% asylsyl polymer and 56% d? met i lami lseton. EXAMPLE 3 Liquid compositions of coating powder precursors containing a powdery powder coating polymer were prepared by dissolving solid S.C. Johnson Polymer SCX-817 in various solvents. The glass traneission temperature of the polymer was 68 ° C and the softening point was 120 ° C. The sompoecision and the sarbono dioxide are mixed on a batch basis by the operation of the apparatus of Example 1 without a filter and are a heater. The sirsuite of sirsulasion was filled with rosette, the loe sawed by the imentaree, and the pressure was maintained by regulating the nitrogen to the simulator. It was used? Na pietola. rosariora Nordeon SCF-1 are rosíado nozzle Num. 123006 with an orifisio of 0.23 mm and an ansho of fan of 20.32 sm. The first somposission was 50% SCX-817, 25% meti leti lsetone and 25% butyl acetate. The average SEE was 173. First it was not pre-sr i fis. Unite mezsla of rosis are 20% sarbose dioxide at 60 ° C and 1800 psig proportioned rosario 1 iquido-peí ula. Using 25% of sarbono dioxide, he obtained one. solus clare (limit of solubility) and an angular rosin without visible liquid pelvis, Insetting the temperature at 70 ° C and the preeion at 2050 peig ee obtained a rosne of traneisión, Ueando the pre-orifisio ee obtained a Rosso dessompresi or that produced dust seso (in all rosé pattern) in ambient air to a diet less than 45.72 sm from the spray nozzle. The dried powder was collected by rosium. The second somposission was 45.0% of SCX-817, 21.5% of met i let i lsetsna, 21.5% of butyl acetate, and 12.0% of acetone. The average SEE was 214, using the pre-orifice, a mixture of rosium are 23.7% of sarbono dioxide, at a temperature of 60 ° C and 1800 peig was obtained a dissolution of faee úpisa and a rosío 1 iquido- film that permanded liquid and did not produce dried powder by rosiado. Increasing the temperature to 70 ° C and the pressure to 2050 psig ee achieved a rosne of traneisión. Using 26.5% of sarbono dioxide, a mixture of two well-phase diets and a deep compost that produced dry powder at a distance of 30.48 cm was obtained. Heat-treated air was then applied loosely by directing the hot-air piston to the rostrate at a 20.32-25.4 sm dia. Of the rosette nozzle. In both cases, spray-dried powder was improvedThe third sompoecision was 45.0% of SCX-817, 31.4% of acetone, 15.3% of met i let i lcetsna and 8.3% of butyl acetate. The average SEE was 426. Following the pre-orient, a mixture of rosé are 31% of sarbono dioxide at 60 ° C and 1600 psig, a mezsela de doe faeee was obtained, well diepersa and a rosette dessompresi vo narrow paraboliso . Dry powder was formed at a distance greater than 60.96 sm, and the sessed powder was reslurried by rosium. Then impeller air was applied at 40 ° F and 21 ° C at the head by means of the tubular die of Example 2. This did not affect the shape or the width of the head, but it insisted on the turbulent mixing of the air on the inside of the head. There was then some dust (throughout the dew pattern) at a distance of less than 45.72 sm, so that the greater turbulent mezslado increased the volatility of eveporasión, Deepuée the imputer was ejected at 60 ° C. Dust was produced at a diet less than 45.72 sm. The maea flow velocity of the heated air was lower due to the lower density, so that the mixture was less intense, and the rate of evaporation did not change dramatically, despite the higher air temperature. Example 4 A liquid polymerisation somposision containing a vinyl polyvinyl chloride-vinyl acetate buffer was prepared by dissolving 25% of Union Carbide Polymer VYHH solid in 75% acetone. The composition was solved in a 10-liter, heated, high-pressure vessel with agitation, and sarbono dioxide was added to a level of 20% from a weighted cylinder by means of a pump. HASKEL that regulated the pressure of rosío. The mixture of rosé flowed from the bottom of the autoclave through the high pressure hose to a GRACO manual airless rosetteer are BINKS rosette nozzle No. 9-0970, A thermocouple placed in the rosary gun measured the rosium temperature in 50 C. A pressure of 500 psig provided a liquid-film spray that had a visible liquid film and side shorros. The spray remained liquid and did not produce spray-dried polymer. Increasing the pressure to 700 psig, the dissolved sarbon dioxide ion was introduced and a transitional saei dessompreei ve was provided in the liquid film or lateral shorroe that produced polymer sprayed in the ambient air which was achieved at a distance of approximately 60.96 sm from the spray nozzle. EXAMPLE 5 This example first discloses the preparation of the methyl magnesium ester used to prepare the sataceous material for the saturation of olefins. Afterwards the sompseis ionee used for the sonveneional eesado by thermal spray and by means of dew with sarbono dioxide.

The following experimental procedure (step 1) was used for the carbonation of the magneto-ethoxide to prepare a mother solution. In a covered reastor are glass are a sapesity of 1900 liters (equipped are a turbine agitator) were added 150 kilograms (g) of magneeium ethoxide and 532 kg of ethanol in a nitrogen atmosphere (<10 ppmv of water). The elements in the reactor were stirred at only about 50 rpm while the sarbono hydroxide was added to the mixture at a viscosity of about 20-25 kg / hr until 166 kg of sarbose dioxide was added. The temperature of the samisa of the reactor was maintained at a level below 35 ° C during the period. the reaction of sarbonatac ion. The exotherm resulting from the addition of carbon dioxide caused the temperature of the mixture to increase by approximately 5-10 ° C over a period of about 60 minutes. Additional sarbono dioxide was added to achieve the desired stoichiometry. In the end, the magnesium ethoxide was completely dissolved in ether to form a slurry, viscous emersion in an atmosphere of servo dioxide. The excess of the sarbono dioxide was ventilated and the mixture was analyzed at 4.03% magnesium in pees. Eeta mezsla was used as a mother solution for additional dissolution and addition of inert filler.

The present invention is an example which is not of soundness in this invention, an example of which describes the use of magnesium oxide and magnesium sulphate to form a catalyst support. Added a euphoric holiness of smoky eílise are a particle size within the range of 0.1 to 1 miera (CAB-O-SIL (MR) TS-610, manufactured by Cabot Corporation) to the mother solution above (step 1) ). The mixture was agitated by means of the turbine agitator during this period and for several hours later to completely disperse the eílise in the eolusion. The temperature of the mixture was maintained at 30 ° C during this period and a nitrogen atmosphere (<5 ppm water) was maintained at all times. Additional ethanol was added as necessary to achieve the desired magnesium content of the feed. The resulting slurry was blasted by rossing using a 2428-meter diameter closed-loop dry dryer equipped with a rotary atomizer. The velocity of the atomizer could be adjusted to produce pertisulee with a wide range of tamarins. The collector section of the spray dryer was kept at a temperature of approximately -4 ° C. Nitrogen gas was introduced into the spray dryer at inlet temperatures of 100-140 ° C and dissen gas in an amount of about 1700 kg / h. The plague of magnesium / silica fumed silica was fed to the dew point at a temperature of about 45 ° C and at a sufficient velocity to provide an exit gas temperature of about 70-100 ° C. The. atomization pressure was slightly higher than atmoeférisa preeión. It is to be observed that some dessarbonatasión parsial osur in the temperature d? sesado by rosiado. Thermogravometric analyzes have indicated that the loss of sarbono dioxide from a solid sample starts at temperatures of approximately 80 ° C. Lß. dessarbsnatasión however ee only partial in these conditions. Continuously dessriben sompoeis ionee prepared for use are this invention in the rosé of somposis ionee of et i lsarbonato de magneeio are sarbono dioxide somprimido. In a sae ee they used pestles of syllable filling and eolusion of the magnesium sulphate to prepare the seed. In a second sae, the particles dried by rose heat were again dissolved in ethanol. In this saeo a remarkable abscess of gae was observed at the exposure to the sarbono dioxide. In a third row, the ethoxide of magnesium in ethanol was added to. a. unit pair are mixed are sarbono dioxide to prepare the rosiado, and was sarboxylated in eitu are sarbono dioxide. In all phases, it was possible to obtain a magnesium content significantly higher at a significantly lower viscosity of the eolusion at a temperature below 60 ° C in mixed esholionee of alsohol / sarbono dioxide eupersitism than was possible in pure ethanol. EXAMPLE 6 Satative liquid presurzer compositions which were melting magnesium ethacrylate and smoked silise dispersion in ethanol were prepared by the methods described in Example 5. The average VER was 330. The apparatus and the rosier gun of Example 3 they were used are the nozzle of rosío No. 123007 and without pre-orifisio. The first sompoecision had 40% eolidoe (in peeo). The mixture of dew with 10% of sarbono dioxide at 60 ° C and 1800 psig proporsisno an angular 1 fluid-pelisule that permanded liquid and did not produce any rosé material. It was sprayed continuously increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide and it obtained first a tranection thread and made a dessompressed parabolic rosin that produced a dry satallizer support powder (in the whole spray pattern) in the ambient air (approximately 25 minutes). ° C) e a distance less than 35.56 cm from the spray nozzle. The second composition had a level of eolidoe of 50%. A mixture of rosé are 30% of sarbono dioxide at 30 ° C and 1800 peig provided an angular 1 fluid-film that remained liquid and did not produce any material eesado by. rssio By insetting the temperature at 40 ° C, a tranection thread was obtained. Increasing the temperature to 50 ° C, it obtained a rosium deesompreei vo paraboliso are an anshs of approximately 35.56 sm that produced dust in the ambient air to a dietnsia inferior to. 40.64 sm. The sarbono dioxide completely dissolved. Increasing the temperature to 60 ° C, a similar rosin was obtained that produced dust at a dietnsia lower than 30.48 sm. The drying powder of rosin-dried satallizer support was recovered at both temperatures and stored under a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently the second sompoeision was terminated by the passage of a fluid of etched somatum. A mixture of rosium are 10% ethane at 60 ° C and 1800 psig provided an angular liquid-film that remained liquid and did not produce spray-dried material. Increasing the ethane content of ethanol to 14.7%, it obtained a smooth and smooth rosé that produced dry powder in ambient air at a diet less than 30.48 sm. The ethane was completely dissolved. The catalyst powder exoed by rosium was reacted and altered in an atmosphere of nitrogen. A Nordeon A7A airless rostromator with a Cross-C? T (MR) No. 711354 nozzle was then used in the same sonations to produce rosin-blasted satalizing support powder.

In contrast, the support of the spreader is sprayed conventionally by means of a spinning atomizer in? Na. heated rosary chamber. This requires a very low level of solids below about 8% to atomize the material. It also requires a rosette sata saledada to completely evaporate the ethanol. However, temperatures of sesado and rosío are much lower because the material is eeneible to the temperature. EXAMPLE 7 The liquid precursor satay sismpoeisión contained 20% magnesium stearbonate only 1 yea / si 1 smoked (prepared from sonification are as described in Example 5), 20% solid polymer Acryloid (MR) B- 66, 30% ethanol, and 30% ethyl acetate. The. SEE average was 153. The apparatus and the spray gun of Example 3 were used with the spray nozzle No. 123007 and pre-orifice, at 60 ° C and 1800 peig, the rosé mixtures with 30%, 33% , and 37% carbon dioxide provided a trance dew, a dew point, and a dew point spray, respectively. The carbon dioxide was completely dissolved. The spray-dried catalyst support powder sprayed from the dessompreei spray was recovered and stored in a nitrogen atmosphere. The powder had an average particle size of 113 misrae and one. limited diecasting in comparison with the rosed catalyst sonvens ionalmepte, which is desirable for heated reactors. Lae photographs of the heterosophoresis show that the satallisation particles have a unique particle structure that consists of small porous aggregates of solid misroparticles encapsulated in a thin shell of framed polymer. EXAMPLE 8 This example of the solid magnesium slurry level that can be used in somposis liquid ion precursors of Rositae satalizer is sarbono dioxide to prepare the satallizer supports for polyolefin satellites and the level is compared with the lowest level employed in conventional sizing by thermal rosy. A 0.6 M solution of magnesium sluride in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was mixed with sarbono dioxide at room temperature and was monitored by dielectrics using a glass vessel. The clear eolusion became cloudy at 60 ° C but remained sufficiently sslsidal and not visuosis so that rosium could be performed at this temperature. In contrast, the sessed by rosium termite of the 0.6M / pallate solution in THF at 80-110 ° C produced non-asepable amounts of pieces and agglomerates, which requires a reduction of the magneto-slurry content of approximately 0.4. M for drying by thermal water with pres ips ion. The spraying using eupersritism sarbono dioxide by the methods of the present invention therefore allows a 50% increase in the amount of eolidoe in this process., Example 9 The hydropolymer fluid hydrophobicity contained 57.50% Union Carbide CARBOWAX (MR) PEG-8000, which is solid polyol (molecular weight 8000), 20.00% water, 11.25% of acetone and 11.25% of met i let i lsetona. The average VIEW was 159. The apparatus and the rosier gun of Example 3 were used, nozzle No, 123007 and pre-orifice. A mixture of rosium are 10% carbon dioxide at 40 ° C and 1600 peig provided a finely dispersed liquid fae of sarbono dioxide which produced a deepening and narrow parabolic bead. The spray deposited a wet film on a test panel at a distance of 30.48 sm and a layer of sticky particles at a distance of 60.96 sm. At 54 ° C, the rosé deposited a sticky particle strain at a distance of 30.48 sm. Rosiating at 60 ° C a dust was obtained at a dietnesia euperior at 60.96 sm in ambient air, and the eesads dust was obtained by rosiado. Then, drive air was applied to the roster from the tubular distributor of Example 2. Air heated to 20 peig provided with a dry powder (throughout the rosette pattern) at distances of more than 60.96 cm (20 ° C and 30 ° C. ), 45.72 sm (40 ° C and 50 ° C), and 30.48 sm (60 ° C). Air heated to 40 psig provided dry weight to dietansia of more than 60.96 sm (21 ° C), 60.96 sm (30 ° C), 45.72 sm (40 ° C), 38.1 sm (50 ° C), and 30.48 sm ( 60 ° C). The dust eesado by rosío in alle loe saeos resogió. Example 10 Polymerisation somposision. Liquid was a hydraulic emulsion polymer system that was a solid, asylismic polymer. A mixture with a lower amount of hexa.no was used for the ethane spray. Because the hexa.no does not dissolve in water, the average VIEW was 83. The apparatus was used and the gun, rssiadora of Example 3, is the spray nozzle No, 123007 and the pre-orifice. The tubular distributor of Example 2 was used to supply air heating at 40 psig and 60 ° C to the rostrate to instore the evaporation velosity. A rosette mix is approximately 20% ethane at 65 ° C and 1600 psig provided one. finely dispersed liquid phase of eta.no which produced a narrow parabolic decompression. The powder was produced (in all the rssiado pattern) at a dietensie of 60.96 sm from the rosette. The powder dried by rosium was recovered. EXAMPLE 11 A hydransulisation coating somposision was prepared which provides a CARBOWAX (MR) coating from polyethylene glycol 8000 of Union Carbide CARB0WAX (MR), which is a water-soluble solid polymer. The sompoeison was 35.5% polyethylene glycol, 56.6% ßgua, and 7.9% methylatonone (by weight). The sompoeisión had a viesseidad of rosiado pneumonia, typical of 78 sentipoiee (23 ° C) and a Sonvensional sound of water. The apparatus and the spray gun of Example 3 were used, the rosette nozzle No, 123007 and the pre-orifice. A mixture of rosium are 15% of sarbon dioxide produced a rosé deesompreei vo at 40 ° C and 1600 peig. At a rosé temperature of 50 ° C, the rosé mixture contained a finely dispersed liquid fae of sarbono dioxide and produced a decompreeous rostrum in the form of constant parabola feather are an average droplet size of 38 misters, accordingly they are measured by a Malvern (MR) 2600 drop meter. A wooden test panel of 30.48 sm per 30.48 sm was sprayed by the rosette from which a very uniform CARBOWAX (MR) coating, without churning, was eplisted. despite the viscosity due to the high viscosity of evaporation produced in the rosé. A 60 ° C rosé tempereture produced a dessompressed rostrum in the shape of a feather are an average droplet size of 37 kernels. A wooden test panel was sprayed and a very uniform CARBOWAX (MR) was applied without bleeding.

By way of comparison, the composition of the hydraulic recess was screwed by means of a pneumatic rosette. This produced a pneumatic spray that had an average droplet size of 43 misrae. However, despite having a rosette pattern in the form of a feather and having approximately the same droplet size as the ross dessompreei voe, the rosé pneumatisse aplimated deficient salinity coatings that were not uniform on wood test panels because The coatings were more humid and less viscous due to the high water content of the deposited deposition which caused shifts even in relatively thin coatings. Therefore, the rosé deesompreei voe depoeitars liners more eesoe because a greater sanctity of water evaporated in the rosos desompres i vos than in the pneumatic rosario. For another comparison, the hydrophobic release was sprinkled by means of a rosie with air, the same rosette nozzle, pre-orifisio and rosin precession, but with sarbono dioxide at a rosé temperature of 50 ° C and 60 ° C. ° C. This produced liquid-film sprays with average droplet sizes of 37 and 34 microns (spray center), respectively, which deposited very wet coatings on the wood test panels which caused shifts in the wall cladding. relatively thin, in amboe sßsoe. Subsequently, despite having approximately the same average droplet sizes, the dessompressed were deposited with drier coatings because a greater sanctity of water evaporated than in the conventional airless rosin.

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered a novelty and, therefore, it is claimed in property what is contained in the following

Claims (8)

1. CLAIMS 1. A proseo to form partisulae eolidae that you understand (i) the smelting of a liquid mixture in a closed system, a liquid mixture comprises: (a) a hydrophobic sompoeission that includes: (i) a frassion of non-volatile materials that is solid or that can become solid, that can rosiate, and that can form solid particles through the evaporation of the solvent when it is rosy; and (ii) a solvent frassion that is sufficiently volatile so that a hydrophobic deposition can form solid particles; and (b) there is only a fluid squeezed into a sanctity which, when added, makes this liquid mixture capable of forming an eubstansially dessompreeous dew, where the squeezed fluid is a gas in standard sondisions of 0 ° Celeius and a pressure of one atmosphere (STP); and (2) the rosin of liquid disha mixture and a temperature and pressure that provide an eubstantially dessompressed roster by passing the mixture through a hole in a suitable environment for the formation of solid particles by evaporation of the solvent, where the spray has an average particle size greater than T approximately one miera.
2. 2. The process of the reclamation 1 where there is a fluid squeezed out of a fluid in the temperature and pressure in the liquid disha mixtures of the liquid and dishash liquid is released at a temperature which is eubstantially the temperature of the temperature of the liquid. This is due to the expansion cooling during the decompression of the squeezed fluid in order to increase the evaporation velocity of the solvent of the rosium.
3. 3. The process of reclamation 1 where less gas flow is applied to the eubetansially deesompressed rosse to insure the velosided of turbulent mezslado or the temperature inside the rosé, or both sosae.
4. 4. A proseoe for the formation of a reverential powder that appears: (1) the forma tion of? Na. liquid mixture in a serrated system, liquid disha mixture comprises: (a.) a pressurizing somposisance of coating powder which: (i) binds to a mixture of solids which are ingredients of coating powder and which can form powder by evaporation of eoligant when sprayed.; and (ii) a solvent flush which is at least partially miesible with (i) and which is sufficiently volatile to return a precursor to powder coating precursor to form a rosin; and (b) suando minus a fluid squeezed into one. sanctity that suas adds to (a) that disha liquid mixture can form an eubertantly desomorphic rosy, where the fluid somprimids ee a gae in 0% Celeius etdian sysdisionee and a pressure of an atmosphere (STP); and (2) the rosé of disha mezsla. liquid at a temperature and pressure that propsrsionan eubetansialmente deesompreei ve ros by means of the paeo of the. mix through an orifisium in an adesuado environment for the formation of reverend powder by evaporation of solvent.
5. 5. A proseso for the formation of a satallizer, catalyst support, or precursor of satallizer that is: (1) la. formation of a liquid mixture in a closed septum, said liquid mixture comprises: (a) a catalyst precursor component that is: (i) a slurry of solids containing the dry ingredients of a catalyst, catalyst support, or precursor satalizer and that can be partisulae mediating evaporation of solvent suando rosía ; and (ii) a solvent bond that is less partially visible is (i) and is euphemistically volatile so that the catalyst precursor may be able to form rosin particles; and (b) at least one fluid compressed into a sanctity which, when added to (a), returns to the liquid mixture capable of forming a subetansially dessompressed rosé, where the fluid is squeezed into a steady state at 0 ° Celsius and a precession of an atmosphere (STP); and (2) the rosin of disha mixes liquid at a temperature and pressure which provide a rosy eubstans of the particles by passing the mixture through an orifisium in a distilled environment for the formation of particles by evaporation of the solvent.
6. 6. A process for the formation of solid particles comprising: (1) the formation of a liquid mixture in a closed system, said liquid mixture comprising: (a) a hydraulic composition comprising: (i) a fraction of non-volatile materials that it is solid or that it can become solid, that it can be sprayed, and that it can form solid particles by evaporation when sprayed; and (ii) a frecuency of eoluent which are containing less water; which is sufficiently volatile to be rosy and which are water in an amount which causes said hydraulic composition to form solid particles while remaining rosy; and (b) suing less than a squeezed fluid, which is a supersritic fluid in the temperature and pressure range in which a liquid mixture is dissolved and found eubstantially? present in disha liquid mixture in the form of a. liquid fae finely dispersed of squeezed fluid, in a sanctity that makes such a liquid mixture form a subetansially deosompressed rosé, where the squeezed fluid is a standard water temperature of 0 ° Celsius and a pre-ion of an atmosphere ( STP); and (2) the rosin of liquid disha mixture at a temperature above about 40 ° C and under a pressure that provides an eubatically unstressed rosé by passing the mixture. and. through an orifisium in an environment designed for the formation of eilatial particles by evaporation.
7. 7. A prsseeo for the aplisasión of a hydraulic coating on a equetrato q? E somprende: (1) the formation of a liquid mixture. in a closed form, said liquid mixture comprises: (a) a. hydrophobic coating somposission that are a level of water that makes the liquid mixture can be sprayed. which can form a coating on a casting; and what are they having an effluent frassion that they have when they are about 35% water by weight; and (b) at least one squeezed fluid that is substantially present in liquid disha mixture in the form of a finely dispersed liquid phase of squeezed fluid; and that it is ensnared in a sanctity that allows liquid liquid disha to form a eubstansially deesompreeous rostrum, where the fluid is squeezed into a standard ambient temperature of 0 ° C and a pressure of one atmosphere (STP); and (2) the rosin of liquid disha mixture at a temperature and pressure that provide a subetansially deepening rosette by passing the. Mix, through an orifice, in a suitable environment for the evaporation of water and the eplissation of a coating on a substrate.
8. 8. The process of claim 7 wherein said hydraulic coating composition contains at least one polymer that is a polymer that can be dispersed in water or a water-soluble polymer, 9, The process of the. In this case, the superspiracy is less than one somprimido fluid is sarbono dioxide or ethane and a eupersrítiso fluid in the temperature and pressure in the surah disha mezsla liquid spray, and a hydreulisation revelation restraint contains at least one organic solvent that can It is extracted from a hydrophobic hydraulic coating in the squeezed fluid, thus allowing the squeezed fluid to form the liquid phase of fluid squeezed in the super sonic temperature and pressure profiles. 10. The prosecution of claim 6, where the surto menoe a fluid somprimids is sarbono dioxide or ethane and ee a supersrítiso fluid under the conditions of temperature and pressure in the sualee dishae liquid mezsla rose, and disha liquid mixture contains also suando Menoe a solvent organiso (s) that are not missible are disha sompoeisión of hydraulic restaitimiento; that is suando menoe parsialmente miesible are disho suando menoe a fluid squeezed under preeión; and that ee ensentrae preeente suando menoe in a sanctity that allows that somed fluid disho forms the fluid fae of fluid squeezed in the supersr ies of temperature and preeion. Summary of the Invention This invention relates to methods for the rosting of liquid compositions that are volatile solvent by the use of somprimidoe fluids, such as carbon dioxide or ethane, to form partisulae eolidae, coating powder, and salarizing materials, which can be produced by limited diets of particle size and which can be sprayed at higher levels of solids, in the ambient air or are salty air only aplixed to the rostrum instead of a rosin samara. It is possible to produce novel holders of headers that have a benevolent morphology, for example for the olefin satellites. The drier hydraulic coatings can be applied over time by means of compressed fluids to spray the hydraulic liner compounds which have conventional water levels, thus reducing slipping and shortening the drying times. In testimony of which, I have signed the previous description and novelty of the invention as attorney-in-fact of UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS S PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION, in Mexico City, Federal District, today 14 of November 1995. p.p.de UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS & PLASTICS