MX2008010652A - Molding and die casting apparatus and methods - Google Patents

Abstract

A mold, or die is easily and conveniently maintainable, includes releasably retained parts and permits access and removal of mold parts or elements that may need maintenance, repair or replacement without removal of the mold or die from a die casting machine.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHODS OF MOLDING AND FOUNDRY IN MATRIX Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to the apparatus and methods of molding and die casting. The invention particularly relates to such an apparatus that includes portions that may require frequent maintenance, repair or replacement, including, for example, mold elements provided to define cavities, channels, and openings within a molten or molded article. More particularly, this invention relates to die casting apparatus, dies and matrix parts for internal combustion engines of V-shaped casting blocks, and to methods and apparatus for their maintenance, repair and replacement. "mold" and "matrix" and "molding" and "matrix casting" are used alternatively in this Patent Application in reference to the apparatus and methods in which the articles of manufacture are formed in cavities from a liquefied solid. of the Invention Many molds or dies include movable matrix parts adapted to define channels, holes, or other openings within the molded articles in the mold.The mold or matrix parts interact or move in another way between each molding cycle or casting to allow the release of the article molded. In this case, a mold element or matrix part fails or wears out, whereby the molded or cast article stops adjusting to its intended design, therefore it must be sent to repair or replace the mold or part of the matrix , or one or more of the elements that form the mold or part of the matrix. Such failure or wear can cause the entire mold or matrix to be removed from the machine, removed from the molding or matrix casting for disassembly and repair. Matrices and methods for matrix V-shaped matrix cast motors are well known, and have been the subject of a number of patents as shown by US Pat. Nos. 3,165,796; 3.433 ^ 292; 3,596,708; 4,206,799; 4,981,168; 5,204,127; 5,338,171; 5,429,175; 5,551,864; 5,865,241; and 6,761,208. For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,865,241 ('241 patent), describes a die for melting a V-shaped block for an internal combustion engine in a casting machine having a stationary platen and a moving platen. The matrix described by the '241 patent includes, in addition to a matrix part in the stationary platen, two additional matrix parts, a central moving matrix part, and a moving matrix part is mounted on the mobile platen of the machine. foundry on matrix. The central mobile matrix is mounted on the mobile stage of the die casting machine. The central mobile matrix part mobilely carries a pair of matrix parts (frequently referred to as "platens") that are movable along axes that are generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving platen, and a pair of cylinder forming die parts that are movable at acute angles with respect to the direction of movement of the moving stage, along the intersecting axes, therefore the cylinder formation matrix parts can be moved from contracted positions within the central moving matrix part to the extended positions within the cavity formed by the die where they can be fitted with sleeves to form the cylinders of a V-shaped block of internal combustion engine when the cavity is filled with molten metal. After the cylinder forming die parts are moved to their extended positions, a pair of double-acting hydraulic cylinders, connected between the central moving matrix part and the moving die part mounted on the moving platen, move the die part central mobile in engagement with the mobile die part mounted on the moving platen and thereby move a front surface of the mobile die part mounted on the platen in engagement with the rear surfaces of the extended die forming die portions for slow down your back movement during casting. The mobile stage then carries mobile matrix parts of the matrix in a cavity forming coupling with the immobile matrix part, and the extended cylinder formation parts are maintained in their extended positions, in spite of the forces imposed on the cylinder forming die parts while the cavity is filled with molten metal under extremely high pressures. Another example of a matrix is described in US Patent No. 6,761,208 ('208 patent). The V-shaped block casting matrix described by the '208 patent includes a stationary die part mounted on a stationary platen of a die casting machine, and only a part of a mobile die assembled on the moving platen of the machine. foundry on matrix. The mobile die part carries a pair of transverse moving sheets that are movable along the axes that are generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving platen, and a pair of cylinder forming die parts that are movable. at acute angles along intersecting axes, therefore the cylinder forming die parts may extend from contracted positions within the movable matrix part to the extended positions within the V-shaped block forming cavity. where they can be fitted with sleeves to form the V-shaped block cylinders during casting. In the matrix described in the '208 patent, the cylinder forming die parts are secured in their extended positions by fixing means carried within the movable matrix part, and move in engagement with the rear surfaces of the parts of the die. matrix cylinder formation extended to ensure the cylinder forming die parts in their extended positions, in spite of the forces imposed on the cylinder forming die parts while the cavity is filled with molten metal under extremely high pressures. Where this description refers to the die, or mold, cylinder forming parts, the references are directed to the die, or mold, elements that move at an acute angle with respect to the direction of movement of the cast iron machine. matrix and can carry and place the matrix, or mold, cylinder forming elements in a V-shaped block casting cavity and / or can carry and place the elements of cylinder formation matrix and cover formation in a cavity of V-shaped block castings and can otherwise form the cylinders of a V-shaped block foundry. The '241 and' 208 patents describe two matrix methods used in V-shaped blocks of internal combustion engine casting V-shaped blocks. In both methods, the mobile cylinder forming die parts of the dies can include two portions. The central cylindrical cylinder forming die pieces sometimes refer to mandrels, on which the sleeves that form the inner surfaces of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are placed before casting, and the die pieces of water cover formation extend adjacently, but separated from, and frequently at least circumferentially in part, the cylinder forming die pieces provide the walls of the internal combustion engine block that surround their cylinders with the cooling passages. During production, the dies for forming V-block internal combustion engines can produce from 20 to 40 blocks per hour, frequently for 24 hours a day, substantially daily per year. Due to its high use and forces, temperatures and high pressures to which the dies are exposed, it is common that they need frequent maintenance, and the repair and replacement of the matrix parts, particularly the cylinder forming and forming die pieces. of water cover. The front portions of the water cover forming die pieces, for example, can comprise the thin-walled projection cylinders which are subjected to high temperature and high molten metal pressure and the high stresses created within their cylinder portions. thin wall extension, and the water cover formation die pieces frequently require repair or replacement if a continuous die assembly forms acceptable internal combustion engine blocks, and their failures can cause an interruption of the operation of a block matrix in the form of V and the manufacture of castings of V-shaped blocks. The removal of the massive mobile matrix assembly of the Die-casting machine, requires the use of a high-capacity high-capacity crane. Many engine plants have only one high crane with enough capacity to lift and move the massive mobile die part, which can weigh up to 90 tons, and the need to use the high capacity high crane can result in time wasted in repair or replace matrix parts. Thus, the repair and replacement of the cylinder forming die parts and elements can cause very long interruptions of the casting and manufacture of V-shaped blocks of internal combustion engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention can provide a mold, or matrix, which can be easily and conveniently maintained and which allows access and removal of the parts or elements of the mold that may need maintenance, repair or replacement without the removal of the mold. mold or matrix of a die-casting machine. A mold or die may include, for example, a mold member releasably held within a mold part. Such a releasably attached mold element can include a distal portion adapted to form a characteristic in the molded products formed in the mold, such as an internal combustion engine cylinder, and an enlarged proximal portion having a first surface opposite the distant portion. The mold part can include a first opening for receiving the releasably attached mold element and a second opening generally located transverse to the first opening for receiving a fastener. The fastening element engages the first surface of the mold member releasably and can move within the second opening between a contracted position, allowing the release of the mold element from the mold part, and an adapted fixing position. to engage the first surface of the proximal portion of the mold element to hold the mold member within the mold part. A convenient means of movement can be provided to move the fixing element within the second opening between the contracted position and the fixing position to allow the removal of the mold element while the mold is held in a molding machine. Such a fastening element may comprise a fork adapted to hang a portion of the mold member releasably held between the distant and proximal portions. The fork can be moved movably between its fixing and contracted positions within the mold part, which can be, for example, a sliding means for extending the mold element in the mold cavity, and the mold element. of the mold part can be releasably held in position by the fork in the mold part while the mold part is still held in the mold in the mold part. the molding machine. A movement of the fork between its fixing and contracting positions can be achieved by one or more threaded rods accessible outside the part of the mold. During the removal of! As a fixing element from a fixing position to a release position, the mold part of the mold part that needs repair or replacement can be removed from the mold part while the mold is still clamped in the mold or in the mold. machine. The mold element can then be repaired, or replaced; the repaired or replaced mold element can be inserted into the mold part; and the fixing element moves to the fixing position where the mold element is secured within the mold part. The fastening element for a releasably attached mold element can, however, comprise any movable or releasable element, which can couple and interconnect the releasably attached mold element and a mold part. Other molds or dies may comprise a die for melting a V-shaped block of internal combustion engine in a die casting machine having a stationary platen and a moving platen, including a stationary die part to be mounted on the stationary platen of the die casting machine, and a mobile die part for mounting on the mobile platen of the platen machine. die casting, the mobile die part carries at least a pair of forming die parts of removably attached cylinders that are movably carried within the first openings of the movable matrix part for interaction at an acute angle with respect to the direction of movement of the moving stage between a first position extending into the cavity of matrix and a second contracted position within the mobile matrix part. Cylinder formation die parts releasably attached can comprise, for example, interconnected cylinder forming die pieces and water cover forming die pieces detachable as units and clamped in the mobile die part by movable pins or removable. The parts of the cylinder formation matrix and the water cover formation can, for example, be interconnected by the opposite frontally coupled and opposite surfaces coupled by the back or by other interconnection means. In addition, the cylinder forming die pieces and the water cover forming die pieces can include cooling means to reduce the temperatures of the parts. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the drawings and the following more detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective view of a part of a mold including the invention for molding an engine block. of six cylinders; Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a portion of the mold part illustrated in Fig. 1 with the structure of the movable bank sliding part that surrounds the separate cylinder formation die part and schematically shown detailed only to display the cylinder forming die part in the obscured print; Figures 3 and 4 are perspective views of the cylinder forming die part and the means for detachably fastening in the mold part of Figure 1; Fig. 3 illustrates a rear portion of the cylinder forming die portion and the means for removably securing the cylinder forming die portion in the sliding movable bank portion of the mold, with the surrounding portions of the platen bank omitted; Figure 4 illustrates a part of the cylinder forming die part and the means for releasably holding the cylinder forming mold member in the mold, with the adjacent portions of the movable bank sliding part shown schematically from little detailed way; Fig. 5 corresponds to Fig. 3 without showing the screw fastening cover to show several bars of the means for releasably holding the forming die part of the cylinder in the sliding part of the moving bench of the mold; Figure 6 is a top illustration of a cross section of a die, including the invention mounted on the stationary and moving platens of a die casting machine in the open position of the die, with its cylinder forming die parts. in the extended positions of cylinder formation; Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the matrix portion of Figure 6 within the dashed line chart to better illustrate the cylinder forming die part and the means for its detachable retention in the die and Figure 7A is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the portion of Figure 7 within the circle; and Figures 8-10 are three orthogonal views of the tool for the removal of the cylinder forming die parts of a mold! Figure 8 is a top view of the tool, Figure 9 is a side view of the tool, and Figure 10 is a view from the end of the tool. Detailed Description of the Invention The drawings, Figures 1-7, illustrate various embodiments of this Patent Application, which provides ease of maintenance and repair of molds and dies and replacement of broken and worn molds and die parts. . Figures 1-5 show one embodiment of the invention in a series of drawings in perspective and separated. Figure 1, for example, shows a part 20 of the perspective view of a mold for casting in a V-shaped block matrix for an internal combustion engine. The mold portion 20 illustrated in Figure 1 is often referred to in the casting art as "ejection support" and is generally mounted on the mobile die, which is carried by the mobile platen of the die casting machine. As illustrated in Figure 1, the mold part 20 carries the mold elements 21, which are their cylinder forming die portions, whose ends 21a are shown in the position in which they would extend into the cavity formed by the mold. mold when its stationary mold part and the platens (not shown) and the movable mold part 20 are closed. The peripheral portions 21a of the mold element 21 carry cylindrical sleeves in the mold cavity and form the cylinders of a V-shaped block of internal combustion engine. The cylinder forming mold parts 21 are carried by the mold part 20 for interaction at acute angles (shown by the arrows 21e in Figure 1) with respect to the direction of movement of the mold part 20 (shown by arrow 20a in figure 1) when mounted in the mobile matrix. Because the cylinder forming mold elements 21 are exposed to difficult conditions of die casting, including the high temperature of molten metals, by example, above 1100 ° F for aluminum, the high forces resulting from the high injection pressures of the molten metal, for example, 10000-20000 psi, and at high forces imposed on the operating parts of the mold, the mold elements Cylinder 21 training frequently need maintenance, repair the replacement. As indicated in more detail below, the mold members 21 are releasably held in the mold part 20 in a manner that allows easy removal of the mold part 20 without removal of the movable die. Figures 2-5 illustrate the cylinder forming die parts 21 of the mold part 20 of Figure 1 and their means for movingly retaining the cylinder forming die parts 21 in the mold part 20. The cylinder forming die parts 21 and the means for their releasable fastening in the mold 20 are carried inside bench plates 22, which move the cylinder forming die parts 21 between their contracted position and their extended position, which shown in Figure 1. The end portions of the cylinder forming die part 21a extend into the cavity of the die, as shown in Figure 1, to form the cylinders of the V-shaped blocks that are melted and contracted within the mold part 20 to allow the release of a molten V-shaped block from the die. The end portions 21a that are adapted for forming the cylinders of the V-shaped block of the internal combustion engine fused with the use of the mold part 20 are not shown in Figures 2-5; however, Figures 2-5 show the rear proximal portions 21b of the cylinder forming die parts 21. As illustrated in Figures 2-5, the proximal portions 21b of the mold parts 21 are enlarged in comparison to its central portions 21c and have first surfaces 21d (shown in Figure 2) opposite the distant cylinder forming portions 21a of the matrix part 21. As shown in Figures 3-5, a forming die Water cover 23 is connected to the cylinder forming die parts 21 of the mold part 20 by means not shown. The cylinder forming die parts 21 move in the openings 22b (indicated by dotted lines in Figures 2 and 4) on the mobile bench platen 22 between their extended and contracted positions. As shown in figures 2 and 4, the movable bank platen part 22 includes a series of second openings 24, which are located along transverse axes a, and preferably perpendicular to, the axes of the first openings 22b. As shown in Figure 4, each of the second openings 24 slidably carries a fastening element 25 which engages the first surface 21d at the rear of one of the cylinder forming die parts 21. fastening elements 25 are movable within the second openings 24 between the contracted positions which are not shown in Figure 4, but which would be a result of the movement of the fastening elements 25 in the second openings 24 of the fixing position shown in FIG. Figures 3-5, wherein the fastening elements 25 are frontally coupled opposite the first surfaces 21d of the enlarged portions 21b at the rear of the cylinder forming die parts 21, upwardly of the upper part of Figures 2-5 at a sufficient distance such that the fixing means 25 do not prevent movement of the enlarged rear portions 21b of the cylinder forming mold parts 21 externally from the position indicated in Figure 1, thereby the release of the cylinder forming die parts 21 of the mold part 20 is allowed. According to Jo illustrated by this embodiment, the fastening elements 2 5 may comprise forks adapted to hang the central portions 21c of the mold elements 21 between their distal cylinder forming ends 21a and their enlarged rear portions 21b. As shown in Figures 3-5, the rear sides 25a of the fastening elements 25 can be tapered for engagement with the first surfaces 21d on the rear of the mold elements 21. The coupling of the fastening means 25 and the surfaces of the channel-like openings 24, shown in Figure 4, hold the element of fixing 25 at a specified position related to the bench platen 22 and ensuring that the end portion of the cylinder forming die 21a is clamped in its desired position while the bench platen 22 moves the cylinder forming die part 21 in operation. As indicated in Figure 4, each yolk 25 can include a central threaded hole 25b and two unthreaded holes 25c on each side of the threaded holes 25b. The threaded holes 25b are centrally located in the fasteners 25"through the fastening members 25 and their entire lengths are threaded through the fasteners 25, but the two unthreaded holes 25c of each fastening member 25 they terminate within the fasteners 25 before passing through the fasteners 25. As shown in Figures 3-5, the threaded extraction screws 26 engage with the central threaded holes 25b of the fasteners 25. , and two pressure bars 27 are received in each of the unthreaded holes 25c of the fasteners 25. As illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, a cover fastened by screw 28 is attached to the mobile bench stage 22. by twelve cover screws 30, whose positions are indicated in figure 5, although figure 5 does not show the cover fastened by screw 28 nor the mobile bench plate 22 which engages the cover screws 30. The The clamped screw 28 remains rigidly attached to the movable bank platen 22 while moving the fastening members 25 from its engagement with the enlarged rear portions 21b of the cylinder forming mold parts 21 towards the screw fastened cover 28. As shown in Figure 4 and 5, the threaded extraction screws 26 have edges 26a near their upper portions which are seated on the corresponding surfaces (not shown) formed around the unthreaded openings 28a in a cover fastened by screw 28 through which the threaded extraction screws 26 pass. The pressure rods 27, however, are threaded adjacent to their upper ends and threadably coupled to the holes 28b in the cover 28 through which they extend. In the removal of a part of the cylinder forming die 21 from the movable bank platen part 22, the pressure rods 27 are unscrewed from the threaded holes 28b in the plate fastened by screw 28., releasing the fixing element 25 so that the cylinder forming die part 21 travels upwards while the threaded extraction screws 26 rotate in the plate held by screw 28. Because the edge coupling 26a of the extraction screw associated 26 with the plate fastened by screw 28 and the rotation of the threaded extraction screw 26 inside the plate fastened by screw 28 and the resulting interaction between the threads of the threaded extraction screw 26 and the threads within the threaded hole 25b of the screw element fixing 25, the fastening element 25 is extracted from ascending manner and is pulled out of engagement with the elongated end 21b and the central portion 21c of the cylinder forming die part 21, and the pressure rods 27 slide upwardly along their central portions not threaded through of the threaded holes 28b of the plate held by screw 28. With the fastening element 25 disengaged from the rear portion of the cylinder forming die part 21, the cylinder forming die part 21 is free of externally removed from the bench plate 22 and from the mold part 20 as indicated in figure 1 by the arrows 21e. As is clear to the skilled person, access to the bench plate 22 and the plate fastened by screw 28 can be provided by an opening formed in the mold part 20 that can be covered by a plate 20b indicated in Figure 1. After maintenance, repair or replacement, all or a portion of the cylinder forming die parts 21 are inserted into the openings 22b of the bench platen 22. When a cylinder forming die part 21 has been seated in the platen bank 22, the threaded extraction screw 26 of its fastener 25 is removed from the fastener 25, and the threaded pressure bars 27 are used to push the fastener 25 in engagement with the expanded back portion 21b of the part of forming die of the cylinder 21, and the upper threaded portions of the pressure rods 27 are screwed into the plate fastened by screw 28, forcing the side tapered 25a of the fastening element 25 in compressed engagement with the front side 21d of the enlarged rear portion 21b of the cylinder forming die part 21. The threaded extraction screw 26 is then advanced in the fastener 25 until stop spreading on the upper surface of the plate fastened by screw 28. This procedure is repeated for each part of the cylinder formation matrix removed from the bench plate 22. During the movement of the fasteners 25 between their position-is contracted of release of part of matrix and its lower positions of subjection of part of matrix, fasteners 25 travel inside the second openings of channel type 24 formed in the bench plate 22 whereby the matrix parts of cylinder formation 21. The portions of the bench plates 22 are opposed to the cylinder forming die parts 21 and the means 25 by which are releasably held within the bench platen are shown in Figures 2 and 4. While Figures 2-5 illustrate the releasable clamping of the cylinder forming die parts 21 with the engagement / uncoupling of a fork 25 as well as the fastener, and an enlarged back portion 21b of a cylinder forming die part 21, those skilled in the art will recognize that the releasable fastening of a cylinder forming die part can be obtained by he coupling / uncoupling other forms of fasteners and cylinder forming die parts. For example, a fastener may comprise one or more bolts, movably or unthreaded, which are adapted to engage with a portion of a cylinder forming die portion, such as one or more coupling cavities or one or more holes, threaded or unthreaded, formed in the cylinder forming die part. Thus, a mold of the invention, the part of which is indicated as the mold part 20 in FIG. 1, can include a mold element, such as the cylinder forming mold part 21, which is detachable from a mold. movable mold part, such as the bench platen 22, the relevant portions of which are indicated in Figures 2 and 4. The mold element may include a distal portion adapted to form a feature in mold products formed in the mold, such as front portions of water cover formation and cylinder formation of the cylinder forming die part 21, and an enlarged proximal portion having a first surface opposite the distal portion, such as the enlarged portion 21b with its opposite front surface 21d at the rear of the cylinder forming die part 21. The movable mold part, such as the bench stage 22, can include a first opening, such as the opening 22b in. the bench plate 22 indicated in figures 2 and 4, to receive the mold element releasably attached and a second opening located internally to be opposite the first opening for receiving a fastener, such as channel type openings 24 formed in bench platen 22 in a direction orthogonal to the formed openings 22b in the bench platen 22. A fastener, such as the fork 25, is received and movably secured within the second opening, such as the channel type openings 24 shown in the bench platen 22, and can be moving within the second opening between a contracted position, allowing the release of the mold element, such as the cylinder forming mold part 21 of a movable mold part, such as the bench plate 22, and a fixing position adapted to engage the first surface of the proximal portion of the mold part to releasably hold the mold member within the movable mold part, for example, while the yolk 25 moves downwards (as shown in the drawings), therefore its tapered surface 25a compressively couples the opposite front surfaces 21d of the enlarged rear part 21b of the cylinder forming die member 21 The movable mold part II also carries means for moving the fixing element within the second opening between its contracted position and its fixing position, such means being, for example, the plate fastened by screw 28, threaded extraction screw 26. and the threaded pressure bars 27 shown in Figures 3-5.

In addition, a method of the invention for the maintenance of a V-shaped block casting mold of an internal combustion engine includes at least one part of a cylinder forming die driven in a mobile manner by the cast iron die. V-shaped blocks for the interaction between a first position extending in the cavity formed by a V-shaped casting matrix for the formation of the cylinders of a molten V-shaped block and a second contracted position within the V-shaped block casting matrix, and means for interacting with at least part of the cylinder forming die between its first and second positions, may include the steps of providing means for securing the forming matrix part cylinder to the means for interacting with the cylinder forming die part between its first and second positions, providing access to the fixing means outside the V-shaped block casting matrix, disengaging the fixing means in such a way as to allow the removal of the cylinder forming die part of the V-shaped block casting matrix, and removing the part of cylinder forming die of the V-shaped block casting machine in the direction of its movement between its first and second positions. In a method of the invention the cylinder forming die part can be moved to its first extended position which will be extracted within the matrix of casting, and / or a force can be applied to the rear part of the cylinder forming die part to remove it from the V-shaped casting die, and the cylinder forming die part can be removed from the casting matrix without the removal of the casting matrix of the die-casting machine. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate another exemplary mold or matrix. Figure 6 illustrates another matrix that can be mounted on a die casting machine. Similar to the die casting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1-5, the central cylinder forming die parts 123 illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 are detachably held within the moving die portion 122. Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the portion of the apparatus of Figure 6 within a dashed line box with the numeral 140 to better illustrate the central part of the cylinder forming die 123 and its retaining hold detached within the die part mobile 122. Referring now to figure 6, the array 120 of the invention includes a stationary array element 121 mounted on the stationary platen 111 and a mobile die element 122 mounted on the mobile platen 112 of the matrix casting machine for movement towards and away from the array element stationary 121. A pair of central cylinder forming die parts 123 (also referred to as "matrix center pieces .123") are reciprocated within the movable matrix element 122 at acute angles of the direction of movement of the movable array member 122 toward and away from the motionless array element 121. A pair of hydraulic cylinders 124a propel the array centerpieces 123 externally and internally of the mobile array element 122 and, respectively , towards and away from the stationary array member 121. As illustrated, the matrix centerpieces 123, and their hydraulic drive cylinders 124a, are included within the movable array element 122. The mobile array element 122, and the plurality of central pieces of matfiz 123 inside it, are carried by the mobile stage 112 in the tie bars 113 and the side rails 114 of the die casting machine. Figure 6, like Figure 1, illustrates the cavity-forming matrix (or mold) portions 123 in their forward positions of cylinder formation. The die 120 includes a plurality of cavity-forming platens 125 which are also carried by the mobile die element 122 and are alternate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving die member 122, which is toward and away from the stationary matrix element 121. When the matrix is closed, the mobile matrix element 122, matrix center pieces 123, and plates 125 cooperate with a cavity forming portion 121a of the stationary array member 121 to form a cavity for a V-shaped block of internal combustion engine. As known in the art, a part ejector (innumerated) is carried by the mobile die element 122 and is operated by a hydraulic cylinder 126a connected between the mobile stage 112 and the rear ejector elements of the part, which are movably carried inside the mobile stage 112 and the moving die element 122. The central matrix fixing means 130 is carried by the moving die member 122 and moves between a first leading position where it engages and fixes the die center pieces 123 in their extended cylinder forming positions, as shown in figure 6, and a second rear position of coupling with the matrix centerpieces 123. In a preferred central matrix fixing means 130 illustrated in figure 6, a central matrix fixing member 131 is carried inside of the mobile die element 122 and can be operated by a pair of double-acting hydraulic cylinders 134 connected at one end to the mobile stage 112 in which e the movable matrix element 122 is carried, and at the other end in a bar 133 at the rear of the connecting rods 131a of the central matrix fixing member 131, which are slidably carried by the mobile stage 112 and per movable element member 122. Although the illustrated embodiment shows the piston member 134a coupled with the movable platen 112 and the cylinder 134b coupled with the rod 133, other mounting configurations for the cylinder actuators can be used. hydraulic of the central matrix fixing means 130, for example, the actuators can be carried by the matrix casting machine for the operation of the central matrix fixing means 130. The central matrix fixing member 131 has a pair of angled worn surfaces 131b at its front end, which engage the worn surfaces 123 at the rear side of the matrix center pieces 123 when the matrix center pieces 123 are in their extended positions and the central matrix fixing member 131 it is in its forward position, as shown in Fig. 6. Further, as shown in Fig. 6, a plurality of slidable latches 132 are moved to a position between the rear side of central matrix fixing member 131 and a surface internal 122a in the rear part of the movable matrix element 122 for holding the central matrix fixing member 131 in engagement with the matrix centerpieces 123 while the molten metal is injected under high pressure into the die cavity. The central movable matrix element 122 can form an internal cavity 122b carrying the central matrix fixing means 130. The cavity 122b has an open front position in which the rear ends 123a of the matrix center pieces 123 extend when the Matrix centerpieces 123 are in their extended positions, and the central matrix fixing means 130 can move inside the cavity internal 122b, as explained above, from its second rear position to its first forward position (shown in Figure 6) where its front central matrix coupling surfaces 131b abut the rear ends 123a of the matrix center pieces 123. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the cavity 122b comprises the central matrix fixing member 131 and the latches 132 and provides an internal surface 122a which prevents the matrix center pieces 123 from moving from their extended cylinder-forming position by the pressure of injection of the molten metal when the latches 132 move internally within the cavity 122b between the rear end of the matrix central fixing member 131 and the internal surface 122a. As illustrated in Figure 6, the matrix center pieces 123 are in their extended cylinder-forming position; the central matrix fixing member 131 has been moved frontally to its mating position with its angled worn surfaces 131b at its front end coupled with the worn surfaces 123 at the rear of matrix center pieces 123; and the sliding latches 132 have been moved internally between the central matrix fixing member 131 and a rear inner surface 122a of the movable matrix member 122 to hold the matrix center pieces 123 in their extended positions. As indicated above, Figure 6 illustrates a die 120 including the stationary die member 121 mounted on the stationary platen 111 and the movable die member 122 mounted on the moving platen 112 of a die casting machine for movement toward and away from the immobile die element 121. mobile die element 122 carries a plurality of transversely moving cavity forming platens 125 and at least a pair of central cylinder forming die parts 123 and means 124a and 124b for alternating pairs of forming die parts of cylinder 123 at an acute angle with respect to the movement of moving platen 112. The central parts of cylinder forming die 123 move between the extended positions within the die cavity as shown in Figure 6 and between the positions contracted within the movable array part 122. In operation, the central parts of cylinder forming array 123 are fixed in their extended positions. by the central matrix fixing means 130 carried by the mobile matrix part 122 as described above. The central parts of the cylinder forming die 123 are detachably held within the mobile die member 122 as best illustrated in FIG. 7 and described below. As illustrated in Fig. 7, the cylinder forming die parts 123 in the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 7 comprise a cylinder forming die piece 141 and a blank forming part 142. what they are adapted to be removed together when the stationary platen and the moving stage of the die casting machine are separated. As described above, the cylinder forming die piece 141 and the water cover forming die piece 142 can be removed from the moving die 122 within the cavity by removing the forwardly forming cylinder die part 123. or by pressing the central part of cylinder forming die 123 forward from its rear part. The removal of the cylinder forming die part 123 from the mobile die part 122 in any case does not require that the moving die part 122, or any other portion thereof, be removed from the die casting machine. Where the matrix central member 123 comprises a cylinder forming die central part and a water cover forming die central part, the cylinder forming die central part and the forming part of the tire forming die Water is assembled preferably assembled for removal as a unit by the interconnection means. In the modality illustrated in figure 7, the central cylinder forming die piece 141 and the water cover forming die piece 142 are preferably interconnected by a frontly opposed surface 141a of the cylinder forming die piece 141 and a rearward opposing surface 142a of the water cover formation die part 142, but other means of interconnection can be used equivalents, such as a ring (of the pressure ring type) of flexible interconnection in the two parts. In the embodiment of Figures 6 and 7, the cylinder forming die portions 123 are releasably held within the mobile die 122 by the attachment means accessible from the outside of the moving die part 122 in a manner similar to the modality illustrated in Figures 2-5; however, in the embodiment of Figures 6 and 7 the fixing means comprises bolts 143 instead of forks of Figures 2-5. The bolts 143 hold the cylinder forming die parts 123 to the means 124b for alternating the cylinder forming die portions 123 between their extended and contracted positions in a moving die member 122. Bolts 143 may include threaded portions to hold cylinder forming parts 123 to alternate means 124b. As further illustrated in Figure 7, the central cylinder forming die parts 123 may include means to reduce their temperatures. The means for reducing the temperature of the central parts of the cylinder forming die 123 of FIG. 7 comprise the means 144 for transporting the refrigerant within their bodies. In the illustrated embodiment, the temperature reduction means may comprise one or more coolant passages, for example, 145a and 145b, connected to the rear of the coolant media. exchange 124b through flexible hoses 160 (figure 6) with an external source of refrigerant. In the illustrated embodiment of Figure 7, the coaxial tubes 146 and 147 form the means for supplying the refrigerant within the internal refrigerant passage 145a to the refrigerant transport means 144 and from the refrigerant transport means 144 to the refrigerant conduit. 145b. In the illustrated embodiment, the refrigerant transport means 144 comprises a central refrigerant passage 144a in which the central pipe conduit 146 extends, a pair of passages 144b and 144c extending outwardly from the central passage 144a to a annular cavity 144d formed around the rear of the cylinder forming die piece 141 and a pair of passages 144e and 144f extending internally from the annular cavity 144d in the central passage 144a and the passageway 145b formed between the conduits that they extend backwards 146 and 147. Due to a front seal 148 of the passages 144e and 144f, the coolant flows outwardly from the cylinder forming die part 123 through the passageway 145b formed between the coaxial passages 146 and 147. Although not shown in Figures 6 and 7, rigid coolant ducts 146 and 147 can be provided with the rear surfaces that can be used to remove the s cavity forming portions 123 of the movable array element 122 of the rear part. As further illustrated by Figure 7, the parts cylinder forming die 123 may also include means for reducing a die temperature of the die pieces. water cover formation 142. Although the water cover forming die pieces 142 can be sufficiently cooled by the circulation of refrigerant through the annular cavity 144d adjacent to any internal interconnecting surface of the cover forming die part. of water 142, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, that of the water cover forming die part 142 is also provided with internal passages of coolant 142b in communication with the annular coolant cavity 144d formed on the outer surface of the cylinder forming die piece 141. Where the central cylinder forming die piece 141 includes one or more coolant passages 144a, 144b, 144c and 144d and has an outer surface portion that is in thermal transfer coupling with the piece of matrix formation of water cover 142, the temperature of the water cover forming die part 142 can be substantially reduced, but where the water cover forming die part 142 comprises one or more inner passages of coolant, for example 142b, in communication with the Central matrix part coolant passages 1 1 as shown in Figures 7 and 7A, the temperature of the water cover forming die part 142 can even be further reduced. A pair of high temperature seals 149 seal the interface between the cylinder forming die part 141 and the water cover forming die part 141 as shown in Fig. 7 A. Thus, a cylinder forming die part 123 for casting die of V-shaped blocks is adapted to be detachably attached in a V-shaped block casting die. The cylinder forming die part 123 may comprise a leg of cylinder forming die 141 and the die part. water deck formation 142 adapted to move together within the V-shaped smelting die in the direction of its central axis by exchange means 124b and spaced apart for individual maintenance, repair or replacement in its removal from the V-shaped block casting die 122. The cylinder forming die piece 141 and interconnects with the water cover forming die part 142 thus can being removed together, for example, by a frontally opposed surface 141a of the cylinder forming die piece 141 and by the opposite rearward surface 142a of the water cover forming die piece 142, although other means may be used for interconnecting the cylinder forming die 141 part and the water covering forming die part 142 for the joint removal. The cylinder forming die part 123 is adapted at its rear that will be removably connected with the means 124b for exchanging it in the direction of its central axis, and the cylinder forming die piece 141 and the water cover forming die piece 142 can be adapted in their rear parts that will be releasably connected with at least one element of interconnection 150, described below, included in means 124b to move them together in the direction of their central axes. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the water cover forming die part 142 includes a flange 142c on its rear that provides a rearward opposing annular surface 142d and a front opposing annular surface 142e (FIG. 7A), which it engages a rearward opposing surface 150b of the interconnecting member 150 of the means 124b to exchange the cylinder forming die part 123. The interconnecting member 150 may comprise a first cylindrical member 150 with a forward portion 150a surrounding the of the water cover formation array member 142 and has a rearward opposing annular surface 150b coupled with the opposite front annular surface 142e of the water cover forming die part 142. The first cylindrical member 150 additionally has a rear portion 150c adapted to be releasably secured, for example, by pin 143, with means 124b for moving the cylinder forming die piece 141 and the water cover forming die piece 142 in the direction of its central axes. As illustrated by 7, the front portion of the means 1.24b for exchanging the cylinder forming die piece 141 and the water cover forming die piece 142 can comprise a front portion 124c extending into the first element cylindrical 150 and which is adapted to engage with, and detachably attached to, the first cylindrical element 150 whereby the removal of the pin 143 allows the first cylindrical member 150 to be removed frontally from the movable matrix element 122 so that the first Cylindrical element 150, the water cover forming die part 142 and the cylinder forming die part 141 can be separated for individual maintenance, repair or replacement. Preferably, the front portion 124c of the exchange means 124b includes a frontally opposed surface 124d coupled with the opposite backward surface 142d of the water cover forming die piece 142 and with the rear surface 141b of the die piece. cylinder training 141, and additionally includes a second frontally opposed surface 124e coupled with the second rearward opposing annular surface 150d of the first cylindrical element 150. As indicated in figure 7, access to the bolt 143 by which the cylinder forming die part 123 is removably held within the mobile die 122 can be obtained by removing the screw 151, lid 152, fastener threaded 153 and cover block 154. Where the bolt 143 comprises a screw-type fastener threaded in the exchange means 124b, the fastener 143 can be reached by a screw removal tool, such as an Allen key or screwdriver, and it can be removed from the assembly by allowing the cylindrical element 150, the water cover forming die part 142 and the cylinder forming die part 142 to be pulled out of the die head without removing any other portion of the die matrix. Die-casting machine. Figures 8-10 illustrates a tool 60 for extracting the cylinder forming die parts of a V-shaped block casting die. As illustrated in Figures 8-10, the tool 60 comprises means 61 for less understand and partially couple one or more parts of cylinder forming die, such as 21 or 123 (figures 1 and 6). The means 61 preferably comprises the cylinder forming die part of a cylinder forming die part because the water cover forming die part generally has thin walls and is more likely to be damaged by its engagement by a tool of removal, that the cylinder forming die piece; however, if the piece of water cover forming die is strong and rigid, the means 61 can be adapted to comprise and couple the piece of water.

Water cover formation matrix. As illustrated by FIG. 8, the means 61 of the tool 60 includes a plurality of openings 61 to which comprise or at least partially co-comprise, for example, three three-roll forming matrix elements 21 a of a matrix 6-cylinder V-shaped cast iron, shown in figure 1. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the means 61 may include any number of apertures 61 comprised or partially comprised. The means 61 also carries a plurality of threaded members 61 b in a plurality of threaded holes which are located on shafts 61 c which pass through the centers of the plurality of openings 61 a. The threaded members 61 b, when rotated, can compressively engage the cylinder forming die pieces 21 a of the cylinder forming die part 21 and allow the cylinder forming die part 21 to be extracted externally. of the V-shaped lock order matrix for evaluation, maintenance, repair or replacement. Although the threaded members 61 b may only be required on one side of the means 61, the provision of the threaded members on both sides of the means 61 allows the tool 60 to be used most conveniently for the removal of the parts. of matrix 'of cylinder formation of the left and right banks of the cylinder formation matrix parts. To assist in the extraction of cylinder forming die pieces 21, from the casting matrix of V-shaped blocks, the means 61 can be provided with a plurality of threaded holes 61d to accept one or more eyebolts (shown in dashed lines in Figure 9 as a ring bolt 63). The threaded holes 61d can also accept a plurality of threaded rods, such as Alien-headed dogs, which can press the cylinder forming die portion 21 of the V-shaped block casting die while being screwed into the means 61. The means 61 may also include an externally clamped flange 64 provided with a plurality of threaded openings 65 to permit attachment of the joining means to limit uncontrolled drooping of the cylinder forming portions during their release from the die. , which may be unexpected. Free fall of cylinder forming die parts, which are heavy and may have damaged surfaces, may alter individual maintenance or repair and may damage the matrix parts. With the flange 64 secured with bolts to the means 61, for example, by bolts 66, it can be clamped to extend in any direction of the means 61. The flange 64 allows the connection of the tool 60 and the forming matrix parts. of cylinder removed by means of a ring bolt 63 to a high crane or die casting machine or other structural member. Although Figures 8-10 illustrate means 61 in the form of a relatively thick plate with a plurality of holes 61a for comprising plural cylinder forming die pieces 21a of a part of cylinder forming die 21 and for compressively coupling the plural cylinder forming die pieces 21 to a plurality of threaded members 61 b, the means 61 can be formed with a single opening or a series of partially included openings that fit into the cylinder forming die pieces of a cylinder forming die part, and may be provided with one or more coupling elements part carried by the means 61 for coupling the die pieces forming cylinder 21 a of the cylinder forming die parts by moving one or more elements in engagement with the cylinder forming die pieces or providing the elements with tapered and rigid ends for puncturing the surfaces of the die pieces of Cylindrical formation, or the means 61 themselves can be deformed by compression of their opposite sides to compressively engage the mating parts. z cylinder formation. In this latter form of the means 61, the internal surfaces forming the opening or openings that couple the cylinder forming die pieces can be provided with the non-slip surfaces for coupling with the cylinder forming die pieces. Although the invention has been illustrated and described with respect to the best currently known embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that other modes, variations and modalities are possible within the scope of the invention as indicated in the following claims.

Claims (109)

1. A mold comprising a mold member releasably held within a movable mold part, the mold member includes a distal portion adapted to form a feature in work products formed in the mold and an enlarged proximal portion having a first opposite surface to the distal portion, the movable mold part includes a first opening for receiving the releasably attached mold element and a second opening located generally transverse to the first opening for receiving a fastener, the fastener engages with the first surface of the mold member and moving within the second opening between a contracted position that allows the release of the mold member from the movable mold part and a fixing position adapted to engage the first surface of the portion next to the mold element for holding the mold element within the mold part movable, and movement means for moving the fastening element within the second opening between the contracted position and the fixing position to allow the replacement of the mold element while the mold is held in a molding machine.

2. The mold of claim 1, wherein the fixing element comprises a fork adapted to hang the Mold element between the distant and proximal portions, the fork includes at least one threaded opening for receiving the movement means.

The mold of claim 2, wherein the fork includes at least one opening without additional thread to receive another portion of the movement means.

The mold of claim 1, wherein the fastener includes a tapered side adapted to face the first surface of the proximal portion of the mold element.

5. The mold of claim 1, further comprising a plate fixed to the movable mold part, the movement means engaging the plate for controlled movement of the fastener.

6. A matrix for melting V-shaped blocks for an internal combustion engine in a die-casting machine having an immovable platen and a moving platen, comprising: a stationary die element for mounting on the stationary platen of the die casting machine, and a mobile die element for mounting on the mobile platen of the die casting machine, the mobile die element carries a plurality of transversely movable cavity forming platens and at least one pair of parts of cylinder forming die clamped in the media to exchange the pairs of matrix parts of cylinder formation at an acute angle with respect to the movement of the moving stage between the extended positions within the die cavity and the contracted positions within the mobile die element, the central matrix fixing means for securing the die parts of cylinder formation in their extended positions, and fasteners for releasably holding the cylinder forming die portions in. the means of exchange.

The matrix of claim 6, wherein the cylinder forming die portions comprise cylinder forming and water-covering forming pieces i adapted to be removed together when the stationary platen and the moving platen are separated from each other. the die-casting machine.

The die of claim 7, wherein the cylinder forming die pieces and the water cover forming die pieces are mounted as a unit by means of interconnection means.

The die of claim 8, wherein the cylinder forming die pieces and the water cover forming die pieces are interconnected by means comprising the opposingly facing surfaces of the cylinder forming die pieces and the opposite facing surfaces of the water cover formation die pieces.

The matrix of claim 6, wherein the cylinder forming die parts are clamped in a manner removable in the exchange means by the fixing means accessible from the mobile matrix element.

The matrix of claim 10, wherein the fasteners comprise fastening bolts.

The die of claim 11, wherein the bolts include threaded portions for securing the cylinder forming die portions to their exchange means.

The die of claim 11, wherein the bolts include the threaded portions engaged by threads with the means for exchanging the pair of cylinder forming die parts.

The die of claim 6, wherein the movable fasteners are carried within the exchange means between a fastening coupling and a non-fixed decoupling with the cylinder forming die portions.

The die of claim 14, wherein the cylinder forming die portions include the portions that extend rearwardly from their cylinder forming portions with the engagable portions adjacent to their rear portions, and the movable fasteners they are carried by the exchange means between the fixing positions to the coupling the engagable portions of the cylinder forming die parts in the exchange means, and the contracted positions in which they are disengaged from the portions couplers of the cylinder forming die parts, allowing the cylinder forming die parts to be removed from the die.

The die of claim 15, wherein the cylinder forming die portions include backward extending bars and the engageable portions of the cylinder forming die portions comprise bar portions adjacent to the rear of the bars which are larger than the bars and smaller than the cylinder forming die parts, and the fixing elements comprise forks formed and located to couple the bar portions in their fixing positions.

The die of claim 6, wherein the central movable matrix fastening means are carried within the movable die to a fastening coupling with the cylinder forming die portions in their extended positions.

18. The matrix of claim 17, wherein the central matrix fixing means comprises a central matrix clamping member alternately carried within the movable matrix member along the moving axis of the moving stage and operable in its front position for coupling the rear portions of the cylinder forming die parts and fixing the cylinder forming die parts in their extended positions.

19. The matrix of claim 6, wherein the parts of cylinder forming die include means for reducing its temperatures.

20. The matrix of claim 19, wherein the temperature reduction measures of the cylinder forming die parts comprise means for providing a refrigerant within the central parts of the cylinder forming die.

21. The matrix of claim 20, wherein the temperature reducing means of the cylinder forming die portions comprise one or more coolant passages within the cylinder forming die portions connectable to an external source of refrigerant.

22. The matrix of claim 21, wherein one or more coolant passages are connected to one or more coolant passages to form a closed circuit coolant path.

23. The indication matrix 22, which additionally comprises a source of refrigerant in the closed circuit refrigerant path.

The die of claim 22, wherein one or more coolant passages comprise one or more rigid tubular conduits connected to the cylinder forming die parts in communication with one or more coolant passages of the forming die parts. of cylinder.

25. The matrix of claim 24, wherein one or more tubular conduits extend adjacent to the part rear of the movable matrix member and provide at least one rear surface that can be used to remove the cavity forming matrix parts of the movable matrix element.

26. The matrix of claim 19, wherein the cylinder forming die parts include the water cover forming die pieces and the means for reducing the temperature of the water cover forming die pieces.

27. The matrix of claim 26, wherein the cylinder forming die portions include the cylinder forming die central parts comprising the means for transporting the adjacent portions of the refrigerant. its outer surfaces, and the center pieces of the water cover formation die have inner surfaces interconnecting with the portions of the outer surface of the center pieces of the cylinder forming die.

28. The matrix of claim 27, wherein the interior surfaces of the center pieces of water cover forming die includes openings in the coolant passages formed within the water cover forming portions.

29. A matrix for melting V-shaped blocks for an internal combustion engine in a die-casting machine having a stationary platen and a moving platen, which comprising: an immobile matrix element for mounting to the stationary platen of the die casting machine, and a mobile die element for mounting on the moving platen of the die casting machine, the mobile die element carries a plurality of transversely movable cavity-forming platens and at least a pair of cylinder-forming die parts, and means for exchanging at least pairs of cylinder-forming die parts at an acute angle to the movement of the moving platen between the extended positions within the die cavity and the contracted positions within the mobile die element, the cylinder forming die parts are releasably held in the movable die member.

30. The matrix of claim 29, wherein at least one of the cylinder forming portions comprises cylinder forming and water-shield forming die pieces adapted to be removed together when separating the stationary platen and the moving platen. in the die-casting machine.

31. The matrix of claim 30, wherein at least one cylinder forming part 'and a water cover forming part are interconnected.

32. The matrix of claim 30, wherein at least one cylinder forming part is interconnected and a water cover forming part by a frontly opposed surface of the cylinder forming die piece and a reverse facing surface of the water covering forming die piece.

33. The matrix of claim 31, wherein the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece are mounted by interconnection means.

34. The matrix of claim 33, wherein the interconnecting means comprises a flexible member adapted to couple the adjacent surfaces of the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece.

35. The matrix of claim 34, wherein the interconnecting means comprises a partially open flexible ring adapted to fit over the cylinder forming die piece and settle in a groove formed in the "outer surface of the die part of the die. cylinder formation, the partially open flexible ring has a flexible outer surface adapted to engage with a groove formed in the inner surface of the water cover forming die part

36. The matrix of claim 29, wherein the parts of the cylinder forming die are releasably held in the movable die member by the attaching means accessible from the outside of the movable die member.

37. The matrix of claim 36, wherein the fixing means comprise bolts.

38. The matrix of claim 37, wherein the bolts include the threaded portions for securing the cylinder forming die portions to their exchange means.

39. The matrix of claim 37, wherein the bolts include threaded portions engaged by threads with the means for exchanging at least the pairs of cylinder forming die parts.

40. The matrix of claim 29, wherein the cylinder forming die parts are detachably held in the movable matrix member by fixing the movably carried elements within the movable matrix element between a fixing coupling and a non-attachment decoupling with cylinder forming die parts.

41. The matrix of claim 40, wherein the cylinder forming die portions include the backwardly extending portions of their cylinder forming portions with the attachable portions adjacent to their rear portions, and the movable fasteners they are carried by the exchange means between the fixing positions to which the engageable portions of the cylinder forming die parts in the exchange means and the contracted positions in which they disengage from the engageable portions of the parts are coupled. of cylinder formation matrix, allowing the cylinder forming die parts to be removed from the die.

42. The matrix of claim 41, wherein the cylinder forming die portions include the backward extending bars, and the engageable portions of the cylinder forming die portions comprise the bar portions adjacent to the rear part. of the bars which are larger than the bars and smaller than the cylinder forming die parts, and the fixing elements comprise forks formed and located to couple the forward portions of the bar portions to their fixing positions.

43. The matrix of claim 29, further comprising means for securing the cylinder forming die portions in their extended positions movably carried within the movable die for a fastening coupling with the cylinder forming die portions in their extended positions.

44. The matrix of claim 43, wherein the fixing means comprises a central matrix clamping member alternately carried within the movable matrix element for movement along the moving axis of the moving stage and is operable. in its forward position for coupling the portions of the means for exchanging at least the pairs of the cylinder forming die part and fixing the cylinder forming die parts in their extended positions.

45. The matrix of claim 44, wherein the central matrix fixing member is carried by the movable matrix member for reciprocating movement within a cavity formed by the movable matrix member, the cavity having an open front portion in which the portions of the means for exchanging at least the pairs of cylinder forming die parts move in their extended positions.

46. The matrix of claim 45, wherein the cavity formed by the movable matrix element further contains at least one fastener element alternately carried for transverse movement for movement of the central matrix fastener member between a first position between the central matrix fixing member and a surface of the rear part of the cavity, thereby additionally preventing the movement of the cylinder forming die parts within the cavity of the die, and a second position allows that the central matrix fixing element is separated from the cylinder forming die parts and the contraction of Tas cylinder forming matrix parts.

47. The matrix of claim 44, wherein the movable platen carries at least one actuator, and the central matrix fastening means are independently operated and include a connecting rod extending through the movable platen and connected with at least one actuator for the exchange by the actuator within the mobile matrix element.

48. The matrix of claim 47, wherein by. at least one actuator comprises two hydraulic cylinders connected at one end to the mobile stage and at its other ends to a bar that drives a pair of connection bars extending through the mobile stage and the mobile matrix element for coupling with the central matrix fixing member.

49. The matrix of claim 44, wherein at least one driver for the central matrix fixing member is carried by the matrix casting machine and connected to a connecting rod coupled to the central matrix fixing member. .

50. The matrix of claim 43, wherein the means for attaching part of the cylinder forming die is operated with at least one actuator carried by the die casting machine.

51. The matrix of claim 50, wherein at least one actuator is carried by the mobile stage of the die casting machine.

52. The matrix of claim 51, wherein at least one actuator is carried on the rear of the movable platen and connected to the central matrix fastening means by at least one connecting rod passing through the an opening in the mobile stage.

53. The matrix of claim 50, wherein the means central matrix fasteners are independently driven, from a first position that fixes at least the pairs of cylinder forming die parts in their extended position to a second position that allows the cylinder forming die parts to contract, by an actuator carried on the back of the mobile stage of the die casting machine.

54. The matrix of claim 29, wherein the cylinder forming die parts include means for reducing its temperature.

55. The matrix of claim 54, wherein the temperature reducing means of. The cylinder forming die parts comprise means for transporting a refrigerant within their bodies.

56. The matrix of claim 55, wherein the temperature reducing means of the cylinder forming die parts comprise one or more coolant passages within the cylinder forming die parts connected to an external source of refrigerant. .

57. The matrix of claim 56, wherein one or more rigid tubular conduits are connected to the cylinder forming die parts in communication with one or more coolant passages of the cylinder forming die parts.

58. The matrix of claim 57, wherein one or more Tubular conduits extend adjacent to the rear of the movable matrix element and provide a back surface that can be used to remove the cavity-forming die portions of the movable matrix element.

59. The matrix of claim 54, wherein the central portions of the cylinder forming die also include means for reducing the temperature of the center pieces of the water cover forming die.

60. The matrix of claim 59, wherein the cylinder-forming die-matrix members of the cylinder-forming die parts convey the adjacent portions of refrigerant from their outer surfaces, and the center-pieces of the die-forming matrix. Water-bonded covers have interior surfaces that interconnect with the portions of the outer surface of the center pieces of cylinder forming die.

61. The matrix of claim 56, wherein the central parts of the cylinder forming die includes the central parts of the water cover forming die attached, and the coolant passages of the cylinder forming die parts include one or more coolant passages of the center pieces of water cover formation matrix.

62. A method for the maintenance of a V-shaped block cast iron matrix internal combustion engine, which includes at least a part of a matrix forming die. mobile cylinder carried by the V-shaped block casting matrix by the V-shaped block casting matrix for the exchange between the first position extending into the cavity formed by the V-shaped block casting matrix for the formation of cast V-shaped block cylinders and a second contracted position within the V-shaped block casting matrix, and the means for exchanging at least a part of the cylinder forming die between its first and second positions, comprising; providing means for securing the cylinder forming die part to the means for exchanging the cylinder forming die part between its first and second positions, providing access to the fixing means outside the casting matrix of shaped blocks V, disengage the fixing means, so as to allow the removal of the cylinder forming die part of the V-shaped block casting matrix, and remove the cylinder forming die part of the casting machine of V-shaped blocks by applying the force that drives the part of the cylinder formation matrix in the direction of movement from its second position to its first position.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein at least a part of the cylinder formation die has been moved to its first extended position for the removal of the cylinder forming die part.

64. The rei-indication method 63, wherein the force is applied at the rear of at least a part of the cylinder-forming die to remove it from the V-shaped block casting matrix.

65. The method of claim 63, wherein the extended part of at least one part of the cylinder forming die is clamped and the part of the cylinder forming die is removed by extracting it from the cast iron block of V-shaped blocks.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein the cylinder forming die part is clamped for compression removal by engaging its outer surface.

67. The method of claim 63, wherein at least one part of the cylinder forming die is moved to its first extended position before detaching the fixing means.

68. The method of claim 63, wherein the attachment means disengage from at least one part of the cylinder forming die before they are moved to their first extended position.

69. The method of claim 62, wherein the access is provided to the fixing means by removing a cast iron die from V-shaped blocks.

70. The method of claim 62, wherein the fixing means are contained within the V-shaped casting matrix and disengaged from at least one part of the cylinder forming die moving within the casting matrix of V-shaped blocks from a first position that fixes at least a part of the cylinder forming die to the means for exchanging the cylinder forming die part between its first and second positions to a second disengaged position of at least a part of cylinder forming matrix.

71. The method of claim 70, wherein the means for exchanging the cylinder forming die part includes at least one actuator and a mobile interconnection element carried by the V-shaped block casting matrix.

72. The The method of claim 71, wherein the movable fastening means are carried within the interconnection element and move between its first and second positions.

73. The method of claim 69, wherein access to the fastening means is provided by moving the cylinder forming die portion to its first position.

74. The method of claim 62, wherein the fixing means is removed from the V-shaped block casting matrix to allow the removal of the matrix part of the matrix. cylinder formation.

75. The method of claim 62, wherein at least one part of the cylinder forming die comprises at least one cylinder forming die piece and at least one piece of water covering forming die that is interconnects, and the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece are removed together.

76. The method of claim 75, wherein at least one cylinder forming die member and at least one part of a water cover forming die are separated after their removal.

77. The method of claim 75, wherein at least one piece of cylinder forming die and at least one of a water cover forming die piece are interconnected by an externally opposed surface on the die part. of cylinder formation and an internal surface of opposite connection rearwardly of the water cover forming die piece, and at least one piece of water cover forming die is replaced by moving it forward in at least one piece of cylinder formation matrix.

78. The method of claim 75, wherein at least one cylinder forming die member and at least one member of a tire forming die separable water are interconnected by third removable interconnection means.

79. A tool for removing a portion of the cylinder forming die from the V-shaped block casting matrix, comprising first means for coupling a portion of the cylinder forming die portion and second means allowing the force is applied to the first means for extracting the cylinder forming die part from the die.

80. The tool of claim 79, wherein the first means includes a portion surrounding the cylinder forming die portion and at least one threaded member driven by threads through the portion surrounding the first means in the coupling position. by compression the cylinder forming die part.

81. The tool of claim 80, wherein the cylinder forming die part includes a water cover forming die part, the first means including a portion surrounding the water cover forming die part and one or more threaded members compressively compress the water cover forming die part.

82. The tool of claim 79, wherein the first means for coupling the cylinder forming die piece provides at least one surface adapted for puncturing in the cylinder forming die part.

83. The tool of claim 82, wherein at least one surface is adapted to the puncture in the cylinder forming die part, comprises at least one threaded member with a hardened portion for puncturing the part surface. of cylinder formation matrix.

84. The tool of claim 79, further comprising a peripheral portion adapted for attachment to the attachment means.

85. The tool of claim 84, wherein the end portion comprises a flange extending outwardly from the first means and includes at least one opening for joining the attachment means.

86. The tool of claim 85, wherein at least one opening comprises a plurality of separate and threaded holes.

87. A part of a cylinder forming die for a V-shaped block casting matrix comprises; a piece of cylinder forming die and a piece of water cover forming die, the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece are adapted to move together within the casting die of V-shaped blocks in the direction of their central axes and separated during their removal from the V-shaped block casting matrix.

88. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein the The cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die part are interconnected by a front facing surface of the cylinder forming die part and a reverse facing surface of the forming part of the cover forming die. Water.

89. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein the cylinder forming die part and the water cover forming die part are interconnected by third interconnection means.

90. The part of the matrix of claim 87, wherein the cylinder forming die part is adapted at its rear part that will be connected with the means for moving the cylinder forming die piece and the die part. formation of water cover in the direction of its central axes.

91. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die part are adapted at the rear thereof to be removably attached with at least one interconnection element coupled with the means for moving the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece in the direction of its central axes.

92. The matrix part of claim 91, wherein the water cover forming die part includes a flange on its rear part, the flange providing a surface annular opposite to the rear and an annular surface opposite to the front, and wherein at least one interconnecting element comprises a first cylindrical element with a front portion surrounding the water cover forming die piece and having an annular surface opposite to the rear to engage with the annular surface opposite to the front of the water cover forming die part, and has a rear portion adapted to detachably fix with the means for moving the cylinder forming die piece and the die part. formation of water cover in the direction of its central axes.

93. The matrix part of claim 92, wherein at least one interconnecting element includes a second interconnecting element having a front portion that extends into the first cylindrical member and is adapted to be coupled with and fixed from removable way to the first cylindrical element.

94. The matrix part of claim 93, wherein the second interconnecting element includes an opposing surface frontally coupled with the opposite opposing annular surface of the water cover forming die part.

95. The matrix part of claim 93, wherein the second interconnecting element includes a second opposing surface frontally coupled to the rear surface of the cylinder forming die piece.

96. The matrix part of claim 92, wherein the second interconnecting element includes a third opposing surface frontally coupled with a second annular rearward opposing surface of the first cylindrical member.

97. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein a cylinder forming die part includes a portion of the rearwardly extending bar having an enlarged portion adjacent to its rear portion with an opposing surface frontally adapted for connection with the means for moving the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece in the direction of its central axes.

98. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein the means for moving the cylinder forming die piece and the water cover forming die piece in the direction of its central axes includes at least a portion of the yoke adapted to moveably engage the portion of the bar that extends rearwardly of the cylinder forming die piece and is adapted for movement in a direction transverse to the direction of the center axes of the die part. forming the cylinder and the water-shield forming die part to engage the portion of the rod when it moves toward the bar portion and disengages from the die forming cylinder member when it moves away from the portion of the bar, allowing the cylinder forming die piece to move in the direction of its central axis and releasably hold the cylinder forming die piece and the cover forming die part. water in the V-shaped block casting matrix.

99. The matrix part of claim 87, wherein the cylinder forming die part includes the means for reducing its temperature.

100. The matrix part of claim 99, wherein the temperature reducing means of the cylinder forming die part comprises the means for transporting a refrigerant within its body.

101. The matrix part of claim 100, wherein the temperature reducing means of the cylinder forming die portions comprise one or more coolant passages within the cylinder forming die part connectable to an external source. of refrigerant.

102. The matrix part of claim 101, wherein the temperature reducing means comprises one or more rigid tubular conduits connected to the cylinder forming die parts in communication with one or more coolant passages of the matrix parts. of cylinder formation.

103. The matrix part of claim 102, wherein one or more tubular conduits extend rearwardly and they provide a back surface that can be used to remove the cavity-forming matrix parts of the V-shaped block casting matrix.

104. The matrix part of claim 99, wherein the forming matrix center piece. The cylinder member of the cylinder forming die part comprises the means for transporting the refrigerant adjacent to a portion of the outer surface, and the center piece of the water cover forming die has an inner surface that interconnects them with the portion of the external surface of the die part, cylinder formation of the base.

105. The matrix part of claim 100, wherein the cylinder forming die part comprises one or more coolant passages extending externally within the cylinder forming die piece adjacent to a portion of the outer surface. of the cylinder forming die piece.

106. The matrix part of claim 105, wherein the means for reducing the temperature of the water cover forming die central part comprises one or more coolant passages of the cylinder forming die piece carrying the coolant in a thermal transfer ratio with an internal surface forming the. Piece of water cover formation matrix.

107. The matrix part of claim 106, wherein one or more coolant passages of the cylinder forming die piece include an annular passage formed around and adjacent to the rear part of the cylinder forming die piece and closed on its outer side by the inner surface of the die part. Water cover formation matrix.

108. The matrix part of claim 99, wherein the water cover forming die central part includes one or more coolant passages, and the cylinder forming die center part has one or more passages of coolant in communication with one or more coolant passages of the centerpiece of the water cover formation die.

109. A part of a cylinder forming die for a V-shaped block casting matrix, comprising a cylinder forming end, a central portion of the rearwardly extending bar bearing an enlarged rear portion having outer dimensions less than the diameter of the cylinder forming end.