Budzynska et al., 2012 - Google Patents
Effects of calcium channel antagonists on the motivational effects of nicotine and morphine in conditioned place aversion paradigmBudzynska et al., 2012
- Document ID
- 11987760112356206564
- Author
- Budzynska B
- Polak P
- Biala G
- Publication year
- Publication venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
External Links
Snippet
The motivational component of drug withdrawal may contribute to drug seeking and relapse through the negative reinforcement-related process; thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms that mediate affective withdrawal behaviors. The present study was undertaken …
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 CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 0 title abstract description 105
Classifications
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
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- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
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- A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine, rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
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- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl group being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, pantothenic acid
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Budzynska et al. | Effects of calcium channel antagonists on the motivational effects of nicotine and morphine in conditioned place aversion paradigm | |
Luster et al. | Inhibitory transmission in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in male and female mice following morphine withdrawal | |
Cippitelli et al. | AT‐1001: a high‐affinity α3β4 nAChR ligand with novel nicotine‐suppressive pharmacology | |
Arnaiz‐Cot et al. | Allosteric modulation of α7 nicotinic receptors selectively depolarizes hippocampal interneurons, enhancing spontaneous GABAergic transmission | |
Luccini et al. | N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate autoreceptors respond to low and high agonist concentrations by facilitating, respectively, exocytosis and carrier‐mediated release of glutamate in rat hippocampus | |
Cippitelli et al. | A key role for the N/OFQ-NOP receptor system in modulating nicotine taking in a model of nicotine and alcohol co-administration | |
Chatterjee et al. | Structure-activity studies with Ginkgo biloba extract constituents as receptor-gated chloride channel blockers and modulators | |
Genzen et al. | Nicotinic modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn | |
Lee et al. | Variability in nicotine conditioned place preference and stress‐induced reinstatement in mice: effects of sex, initial chamber preference, and guanfacine | |
Wang et al. | Naltrexone attenuates methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference in mice | |
Fang et al. | Effect of sinomenine on the morphine-dependence and related neural mechanisms in mice | |
Wang et al. | Dynamic regulation of glycinergic input to spinal dorsal horn neurones by muscarinic receptor subtypes in rats | |
Biala et al. | On the mechanism of cross-tolerance between morphine-and nicotine-induced antinociception: involvement of calcium channels | |
Jin et al. | Exposure of nicotine to ventral tegmental area slices induces glutamatergic synaptic plasticity on dopamine neurons | |
Sabino et al. | Sigma receptors and substance use disorders |