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Cyril Ramaphosa

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Cyril Ramaphosa
Cyril Ramaphosa (2022)
Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa
O thomile ofising
15 Dibokwane 2018
A eteletšwego pele keJacob Zuma
Motlatšamopresidente wa Afrika Borwa
Mo setulong
26 Mopitlo 2014 – 14 Dibokwane 2018
MopresidenteJacob Zuma
A eteletšwego pele keKgalema Motlanthe
Modulasetulo wa African National Congress
O thomile ofising
18 Manthole 2017
A eteletšwego pele keJacob Zuma
Modulasetulo wa Legotla la peakanyo ya setšhaba
O thomile ofising
3 Mosegamanye 2014
MopresidenteJacob Zuma
A eteletšwego pele keTrevor Manuel
Motlatšamopresidente wa African National Congress
Mo setulong
18 Manthole 2012 – 18 Manthole 2017
MopresidenteJacob Zuma
A eteletšwego pele keKgalema Motlanthe
A hlatlangwa keDavid Mabuza
Mongwaledi Kakaretšo wa African National Congress
Mo setulong
1991–1997
MopresidenteNelson Mandela
A eteletšwego pele keAlfred Baphethuxolo Nzo
A hlatlangwa keKgalema Motlanthe
Ditshidimošo tša gagwe
O belegweMatamela Cyril Ramaphosa
(1952-11-17) 17 Dibatsela 1952 (mengwaga 71)
Soweto, Transvaal
SetšhabaAfrika Borwa
Mokgatlo wa dipolotikiAfrican National Congress
Molekane(ba)Hope Ramaphosa
1978-1989 (div)
Nomazizi Mtshotshisa
1991-1993 (div)
Tshepo Motsepe (m. 1996)
Bana4
Mo tharing yaYunibesithi ya Limpopo
Yunibesithi ya Afrika Borwa
Damelin
Mošomo (ka go šoma)Rakgwebo
Mokgatlo wa bašomi
Radipolotiki.
Mošomo (ka thuto)Ramolao

Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa (o belegwe ka la 17 Dibatsele 1952) ke rakgwebo le radipolotiki wa Afrika Borwa. Ka 2018 o tšere marapo a go ba Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa wa bohlano yo a kgethilwego ka temokrasi. Yena o kgethilwe go ba mopresidente wa African National Congress (ANC) ka 2017. Pele e be e le molwela kgethologanyo, moetapele wa mokgatlo wa bašomi le rakgwebo. Ramaphosa o šomile bjalo ka mongwaledipharephare go Mopresidente wa peleng wa ANC Nelson Mandela.[1] O be a le motlatšapresidente wa Mopresidente Jacob Zuma, le modulasetulo wa Khomišene ya Peakanyo ya Bosetšhaba go tloga ka 2014 go fihla ka 2018.

O bitšwa morerišani wa bokgoni [2] le setsebi sa maano,[3] yo a šomilego bjalo ka morerišani yo mogolo wa ANC nakong ya phetogo go temokrasi ya Afrika Borwa.[4] Ramaphosa o ile a aga mokgatlo o mogolo le o matla kudu wa bašomi mo nageng, e lego Kopano ya Bosetšhaba ya Bašomi ba Meepo (Afrika Borwa) (NUM).[5] O ile a bapala tema ye bohlokwa, ka Roelf Meyer wa National Party, nakong ya ditherišano tša go fediša kgethologanyo mo Afrika Borwa le go sepetša naga go ya dikgethong tša mathomo tša kakaretšo tša Afrika Borwa ka 1994.[6] Ramaphosa e be e yo a kgethilwego ya Nelson Mandela ya go ba Mopresidente wa ka moso.[7] Ramaphosa o tsebega kudu bjalo ka rakgwebo, gomme diphahla ya gagwe yeo e akanyetšwago e feta R6.4 bilione ($450 milione) go tloga ka 2018,[8] ka dithoto tse 31[9] le beng ba go lemogwa bao ba bego ba swerwe peleng ka dikhamphaning tša go swana le McDonald's Afrika Borwa, modulasetulo wa boto ya MTN le setho sa boto bakeng sa Lonmin.

Ramaphosa o šomile bjalo ka Motlatšamopresidente wa Afrika Borwa go tloga ka 2014 go fihla ka 2018. Ka morago o ile a kgethwa go ba mopresidente wa African National Congress (ANC) go 54th National Conference of the African National Congress ka Dibatsela 2017. Ramaphosa ke modulasetulo wa peleng wa Khomišene ya Peakanyo ya Bosetšhaba ya Afrika Borwa,[2] yeo e nago le maikarabelo a peakanyo ya maano bakeng sa bokamoso bja naga, ka nepo ya go kgoboketša Afrika Borwa "go dikologa sete ye e swanago ya maikemišetšo le dilo tše di tlago pele go otlela tlhabollo ka nako ye telele".[2] Ka 2018 o ile a ba e Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa ntle le dikgetho tša kakaretšo, morago ga gore Jacob Zuma a role modiro. Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa gape go ba mopresidente ke National Assembly of South Africa go nako ya gagwe ya mathomo ka botlalo ka Motsheganong 2019 ka morago ga phenyo ya ANC ka go dikgetho tša kakaretšo tša Afrika Borwa tša 2019. Ramaphosa o šomile bjalo ka modulasetulo wa Kopano ya Afrika go tloga ka 2020 go fihla ka 2021.[1]

Go sa šetšwe mangwalo a gagwe a go hlatsela bjalo ka mothekgi yo bohlokwa wa phetogo ya khutšo ya naga ya gabo go ya go temokrasi, o ile a swaiwa diphošo gape ka lebaka la go swara dikgahlego tša gagwe tša kgwebo,[10][11][12][13][14] le ge e le gore ga se a ke a latofatša ka baka la modiro wo o sego molaong go le ge e le efe ya dingangišano tše. Ditirišano tša kgwebo tšeo di tsošago ngangišano di akaretša kgwebo ya gagwe ya mohlakanelwa le Glencore[15] le ditatofatšo tša go holega ka tsela yeo e sego molaong go tšwa go ditumellano tša malahla le Eskom tšeo a di gannego ka go tia,[16][17] nakong yeo Glencore e be e le setšhabeng ka baka la mediro ya yona ya kgwebo yeo e nago le tshekamelo yeo e akaretšago Tony Blair kua Bohlabela bja Magareng; morwa wa gagwe, Andile Ramaphosa, le yena o hweditšwe a amogetše ditefelo tša palomoka ya R2 milione go tšwa go Bosasa, khamphani ya tšhireletšo yeo e amegago go bomenetša le go thopša ga mmušo ke Zondo Commission; [18][19][20] le go thwala ga gagwe lekgotleng la balaodi la Lonmin mola a tšea boemo bjo mafolofolo ge Dipolao tša Marikana di diregile lefelong la Lonmin la Marikana. Ka la 15 Phato 2012 o ile a ipiletša go kgato kgahlanong le seteraeke sa bašomi ba meepong ba Marikana, seo a se biditšego boitshwaro bja "dastardly criminal" bjo bo nyakago gore go tšewe "kgato ya go sepelelana".[21] Ka morago o ile a dumela le go itshola go tšea karolo ga gagwe tirong yeo gomme a bolela gore e e ka be e ile ya phengwa ge nkabe go dirilwe maano a tšhoganetšo pele ga seteraeke sa bašomi.[22]

Ka la 19th December 2022 go ile gwa tsebišwa gore Khonferentshe ya Bosetšhaba ya bo 55 ya ANC e kgethile Ramaphosa go ba mopresidente wa bobedi bjalo ka mopresidente wa ANC.[23]

Bophelo bja mathomo

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Ramaphosa o belegwe kua Soweto, Johannesburg, ka la 17 Nofemere 1952, go batswadi ba Venda.[24][25]

Ke ngwana wa bobedi go bana ba bararo ba Erdmuth le lephodisa la go rola modiro Samuel Ramaphosa.[26] O tsene sekolo sa Tshilidzi Primary School le Sekano Ntoane High School kua Soweto.[26]

Ka 1971, o ile a ingwadiša go Mphaphuli High School kua Sibasa, Venda moo a ilego a kgethwa go ba hlogo ya Student Christian Movement.[27] Ka morago o ile a ingwadiša go ithutela molao kua Yunibesithing ya Leboa (Turfloop) ka profenseng ya Limpopo ka 1972.[28]

Ge a le yunibesithing, Ramaphosa o ile a tsenela dipolitiki tša baithuti gomme a tsenela Mokgatlo wa Barutwana ba Afrika Borwa (SASO) le Black People's Convention (BPC).[29][30] Se se feleleditše ka gore a golegwe a le noši dikgwedi tše lesome le motšo o tee ka 1974 ka tlase ga Karolo 6 ya Molao wa Botšhošetši, 1967, ka baka la go rulaganya megwanto ya go thekga Frelimo.[31] Ka 1976 o ile a golegwa gape, ka morago ga khuduego ya Soweto, gomme a swarwa dikgwedi tše tshela kua John Vorster Square ka tlase ga Molao wa Botšhošetši.[32] Ka morago ga go lokollwa ga gagwe, o ile a ba mongwaledi wa molao wa feme ya boramolao ya Johannesburg gomme a tšwela pele ka dithuto tša gagwe tša molao ka go ngwalelana le Yunibesithi ya Afrika Borwa (UNISA), moo a hweditšego B. Proc. Degree ka 1981.[33]

Molwela dipolotiki le moetapele wa mokgatlo wa bašomi

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Ka morago ga go fetša dithuto tša gagwe tša molao le go hwetša degree ya gagwe, Ramaphosa o ile a tsenela Council of Unions of South Africa (CUSA) bjalo ka moeletši ka lefapheng la molao.[34][35] Ka 1982, CUSA e kgopetše gore Ramaphosa a thome mokgatlo wa bašomi ba meepos; t; mokgatlo wo o mofsa o ile wa thongwa ka ngwaga wona woo gomme wa bitšwa National Union of Mineworkers (NUM). Ramaphosa o ile a golegwa kua Lebowa, ka molato wa go rulaganya goba go rulaganya go tšea karolo kopanong ya Namakgale yeo e bego e thibetšwe ke maseterata wa lefelong leo.[36]

Lwantšha kgethologanyo

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Ka Phato 1982, CUSA e ile ya tšea sephetho sa go hloma Mokgatlo wa Bosetšhaba wa Bašomi ba Meepo (NUM), gomme ka Dibatsela Ramaphosa a ba mongwaledi wa yona wa mathomo. Ramaphosa e bile morulaganyi wa khonferentshe ditokišetšong tšeo di bego di lebiša go hlomeng ga Congress ya South African Trade Union (COSATU). O ile a fana ka polelo ya bohlokwa mogwantong wa go thomiša wa Cosatu ka Durban ka Dibatsela 1985. Ka Mopitlo 1986, e be e le karolo ya kemedi ya COSATU yeo e kopanego le African National Congress ka Lusaka, Zambia.[37]

Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa bjalo ka mongwaledipharephare wa mathomo wa kopano, maemo ao a a swerego go fihlela a rola modiro ka Mosegamanye 1991,  morago ga go kgethwa ga gagwe bjalo ka mongwaledipharephare wa African National Congress (ANC). Ka fase ga boetapele bja gagwe, maloko a mekgatlo ya bašomi a ile a gola go tloga go 6,000 ka 1982 go ya go 300,000 ka 1992, go e fa taolo ya mo e nyakilego go ba seripagare sa palomoka ya bašomi ba bathobaso ka intastering ya meepo ya Afrika Borwa. Bjalo ka mongwaledipharephare, yena, James Motlatsi (mopresidente wa NUM), le Elijah Barayi (motlatšamopresidente wa NUM) le bona ba ile ba eta pele bašomi ba meepong go ye nngwe ya diteraeke tše kgolo tšeo di kilego tša ba gona historing ya Afrika Borwa.

Ka Manthole 1988, Ramaphosa le maloko a mangwe a go tuma a setšhaba sa Soweto ba ile ba kopana le ramotse wa Soweto go ahlaahla mathata a boycott ya rente.[38]

Ka Pherekgong 1990, Ramaphosa o ile a felegetša bagolegwa ba dipolotiki ba ANC bao ba lokolotšwego go ya Lusaka, Zambia. Zambia. Ramaphosa o šomile bjalo ka modulasetulo wa komiti ya Kamogelo ya Bosetšhaba, yeo e rulagantšego dipeakanyo tša go lokollwa ga Nelson Mandela le dikopano tša kamogelo tša morago ga moo ka gare ga Afrika Borwa gomme a ba leloko la Komiti ya Kamogelo ya Mandela ya boditšhabatšhaba. O ile a kgethwa go ba mongwaledipharephare wa ANC khonferenseng yeo e bego e swerwe kua Durban ka Phupu 1991. Ramaphosa e be e le moprofesara wa molao yo a etetšego Yunibesithing ya Stanford kua United States ka Diphalane 1991..[39]

Ka 1985, NUM e ile ya kgaogana le CUSA gomme ya thuša go hloma Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU). Ge COSATU e kopana le mokgatlo wa dipolitiki wa United Democratic Front (UDF) kgahlanong le mmušo wa National Party wa P.W. Botha, Ramaphosa o ile a tšea karolo ya go eta pele go seo se ilego sa tsebja bjalo ka Mass Democratic Movement (MDM).[40]

Ge Nelson Mandela a be a lokollwa kgolegong, Ramaphosa o be a le Komiting ya Bosetšhaba ya Kamogelo.[41]

Mongodipharephare wa ANC

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Ka morago ga go kgethwa ga gagwe bjalo ka mongwaledipharephare wa African National Congress ka 1991, o ile a ba hlogo ya sehlopha sa ditherišano sa ANC go rerišana ka go fediša kgethologanyo le mmušo wa National Party. Ka morago ga dikgetho tša mathomo tša temokrasi ka botlalo ka 1994, Ramaphosa o ile a ba leloko la palamente; o ile a kgethwa go ba modulasetulo wa Seboka sa yona sa Molaotheo ka la 24 Motsheganong 1994 gomme a kgatha tema ye bohlokwa mmušong wa botee bja setšhaba.

Ka ngwaga wa 2000, o ile a kgethelwa go Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya go Ikgafa bjalo ka mohlahlobi wa dibetša, yo a ikarabelago ka go okamela go fedišwa ga dibetša tša IRA tša nakwana.[42]

Ka morago ga ge a lahlegetšwe ke phadišano ya go ba Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa go Thabo Mbeki, o ile a rola modiro go tšwa maemong a gagwe a dipolitiki ka Pherekgong 1997 gomme a hudugela lefapheng la poraebete, moo a ilego a ba molaodi wa New Africa Investments Limited. O tlile maemong a pele dikgethong tša 1997 go Komiti ya Bosetšhaba ya Phethišo ya ANC.[43]

Le ge e se leloko la South African Communist Party (SACP), Ramaphosa o boletše gore ke mososialise yo a ineetšego.[44]

Boraditaba ba be ba tšwela pele go akanya ka Ramaphosa yo a tsenetšego phadišano ya bopresidente bja ANC ka 2007, pele ga dikgetho tša 2009 tša bopresidente bja Afrika Borwa.[45] Le ge go le bjalo, o boletše gore ga a kgahlegele bopresidente. Ka la 2 Setemere 2007, The Sunday Times e begile gore Ramaphosa o be a le phadišanong ya dikgetho, eupša mantšiboeng ao o be a lokolotše polelo gape ya go thibela boikgafo le ge e le bofe.[46]

Ka Dibatsela 2007, o ile a kgethwa gape go Komiti ya Bosetšhaba ya Phethišo ya ANC, mo nakong ye a le maemong a bo-30 ka dibouto tše 1,910.[47]

Ka la 20 Motsheganong 2012,leloko le le tumilego la ANC la Afrikaner Derek Hanekom o kgopetše Ramaphosa go ba mopresidente wa ANC, a bolela gore "Re nyaka baetapele ba go swana le Cyril. Ke a tseba gore Cyril o na le bokgoni kudu kgwebong, eupša ke tloga ke duma ge nkabe a be a tla bea tšhelete ya gagwe ka moka ka gare ga kholofelo gomme a gata mogato wa maemo a godimo le a godimo". Le ge go be go sa tsebje ge e ba Ramaphosa a tla ba mopresidente wa ANC goba aowa, o ile a leka go homotša go phopholetša ka go araba polelo ya Hanekom ka go re "Ga o kgone go bala selo [go seo a se boletšego]. O be a dira metlae".[48]

O ile a ba mokhanselara wa semmušo wa Motlatša Mopresidente ka la 17 Disemere 2012 gomme a tsenela phadišano ka thekgo e matla ya kampa ya Zuma. Ka la 18 Disemere 2012, o ile a kgethwa bjalo ka Motlatšamopresidente wa ANC. Cyril Ramaphosa o hweditše dibouto tše 3,018, mola Mathews Phosa a hweditše dibouto tše 470 gomme Tokyo Sexwale a hweditše Dibouto tše 463.[49][50]

Motlatšamopresidente wa Afrika Borwa (2014–2018)

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Cyril Ramaphosa o kopana le mopresidente wa Chile Michelle Bachelet, ka 2014

Ramaphosa o be a kgethilwe go ba Motlatšamopresidente ke Jacob Zuma ka la 25 Mei 2014 gomme a ikana go ba Moahlodi yo Mogolo Mogoeng Mogoeng letšatšing le le latelago.[51] Ka morago ga go kgethwa ga gagwe, Ramaphosa o ile a dirwa Moetapele wa Kgwebo ya Mmušo ka Sebokeng sa Setšhaba go ya ka karolo ya 91(4) ya Molaotheo. Boikarabelo bja gagwe bo be bo akaretša: Ditaba tša khuduthamaga ya setšhaba ka Palamenteng; lenaneo la kgwebo ya palamente leo le thomilwego ke khuduthuthamaga ya bosetšhaba, ka nako yeo e abetšwego morero woo le go netefatša gore maloko a Kabinete a hlokomela maikarabelo a bona a palamente.

Ka la 3 Mosegamanye 2014, Mopresidente Jacob Zuma o tsebišitše gore Ramaphosa o tla kgethwa bjalo ka modulasetulo wa Khomišene ya Peakanyo ya Setšhaba, le Tona ya Bopresidente ya Peakanyo, Jeff Radebe a šoma bjalo ka motlatša modulasetilo wa khomišene.[52]

Ka Phupu 2014, Ramaphosa o ile a kgopela botee ka nageng, ka morago ga dikgopelo tša Julius Malema tša go fediša go opelwa ga karolo ya Afrikaans ya kopelo ya setšhaba. Ramaphosa o itše: "Re mabapi le go aga setšhaba gomme re swanetše go katološa letsogo la segwera, letsogo la poelano ye e tšwelago pele go bao ba naganago gore kopelo ya setšhaba ga e sa ba emela, gomme e ka direga ka mahlakoreng ka bobedi".[53]

Dikamano tša dinaga dišele

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Vietnam le Singapore

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Ramaphosa o ile a tšea leeto la matšatši a mabedi la go šoma Vietnam le Singapore.[54] Ramaphosa o boletše gore Afrika Borwa le Vietnam di swanetše go katološa kgwebo.[55] Dinaga tše pedi le tšona di dumelelane go šomišana go ya pele ka thuto.[56] Maeto a mabedi a mošomo a ile a dirwa go tiiša ditswalano tša dipolotiki, tša ekonomi le tša kgwebo magareng ga Afrika Borwa le dinaga tše pedi. Ketelo ya go ya Singapore e file baemedi ba Afrika Borwa, bao ba bego ba eteletšwe pele ke Ramaphosa, go ithuta go tšwa go mohlala wa Singapore wa katlego ya ekonomi le tema ya dikgwebo tša mmušo le kgolo ya ekonomi le maikemišetšo a tlhabollo ya setšhaba ya naga. Kgwebišano ya dinaga tše pedi e gotše kudu ka Singapore e le modirišani wa bobedi yo mogolo wa kgwebo wa Afrika Borwa ka seleteng sa ASEAN; ka 2014 kgwebišano magareng ga dinaga tše pedi di fihlile go R28.9 bilione ge go bapetšwa le R23.5 bilione ka 2015.[57]

Davos

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Ka Pherekgong 2018, go ile gwa tsebišwa gore Mopresidente Jacob Zuma a ka se etelele pele kemedi ya Afrika Borwa go ya Foramong ya Ekonomi ya Lefase ka lekga la bobedi, Mmušo wa Afrika Borwa o tsebišitše gore Cyril Ramaphosa o tla be a eta pele kemedi yeo e bopilwego ke bahlankedi ba mmalwa ba kabinete ya Afrika Borwa go... go tšwetša pele dipeeletšo le kgwebo ka nageng.[58]

Boemo ka bomenetša

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Ka Dibatsele 2016, ge a be a bolela ka Limpopo Provincial Summit, Ramaphosa o boletše gore bomenetša e be e le modu wa mathata a ekonomi ya naga. O boletše gore Mmušo wa Afrika Borwa le setšhaba sa kgwebo ba swanetše go hwetša tsela ya go lwantšha bomenetša, le ge a sa bo bolele ka leina. O šišintše gore khonferense e swanetše go lebelela go rarolla boleng le go tsenelela ga baetapele ka gare ga mafapha a setšhaba le a poraebete ka go kgomarela Leano la Tlhabollo ya Setšhaba.[59]

Ge a etelela pele Khonferentshe ya Bosetšhaba ya bo 53 ya ANC o boletše ka tlhokego ya go tloša bomenetša go ANC ka boyona.[60] Polelong ya gagwe ya mathomo go Khonferentshe bjalo ka moetapele wa ANC o ile a ikana go fediša bomenetša.[61]

Mopresidente wa ANC

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Ramaphosa ke kgale a tšewa bjalo ka mokhanselara wa bopresidente gomme o ile a tsenela dikgetho tša 1997 tša bopresidente tša ANC, a fenywa ke Thabo Mbeki.[62]

Ramaphosa o tsebišitše gore o tla nyaka bopresidente bja ANC ka 2017, ka go ba mopresidente wa bobedi.[63] Ramaphosa o thomile moano wa gagwe wa lesolo bjalo ka #CR17 Siyavuma.[64]

Ka Phato 2017, Ramaphosa o be a amogetše tumelelo ya mokgatlo wa bašomi wa COSATU, National Union of Mineworkers gammogo le Northern Cape, Eastern Cape le Gauteng provincial ANC leadership. Batho bao gape ba tšwetšego pele go thekga Ramaphosa ba akaretša Tona ya Thuto Angie Motshekga, Mopresidente wa Cosatu Sdumo Dlamini, Tona ya pele ya Ditšhelete Pravin Gordhan le Tonakgolo ya pele ya KwaZulu-Natal, Senzo Mchunu.[65]

Ka la 18 Dibatsela 2017, Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa go ba mopresidente wa ANC ka Khonferenseng ya 54 ya Kgetho ya phathi, a fenya moganetši wa gagwe Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, yo e bego e le mosadi wa Mopresidente Zuma, ka dibouto tše 2,440 go tše 2,261.[66][67]

Ka la 5 Motsheganong 2021, lengwalo la mongwaledi-pharephare wa phathi, Ace Magashule, le ile la phatlalatšwa leo go lona Magashule a emišitšego Ramaphosa bjalo ka mopresidente wa ANC. Lebaka la go emišwa le amana le ditatofatšo tša go se be gona ka molao lesolong la gagwe la dikgetho tša phathi ka 2017. Le ge go le bjalo, Gwede Mantashe, modulasetulo wa setšhaba, o bontšhitše gore go emišwa ga go na mohola, ka ge Magashule ka boyena a be a emišitšwe ka nako ya go ngwala lengwalo[68]

Bopresidente (2018–bjale)

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Ramaphosa kopanong ya bo-11 ya BRICS, 2019

Ka morago ga go rola modiro ga Mopresidente Jacob Zuma ka Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa ka ntle le kganetšo bjalo ka Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa ke Seboka sa Setšhaba ka la 15 Dibokwane 2018.[69] Ramaphosa o tšere keno ya gagwe ya ofisi ka ntlong ya baeng ya mopresidente, Tuynhuys , ke Moahlodimogolo Mogoeng Mogoeng .[70][71][72]

Mmaraka o ile wa kgobokana ka matla letšatšing la ka morago ga ge Ramaphosa a tšere bopresidente ka go hlatloga ga dithoto le rand e fihleletše go tia ga yona go tloga mathomong a 2015. Ditlemo tša mmušo le tšona di ile tša oketšega ka matla.[73][74]

Ka la 16 Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa o file Puo ya gagwe ya mathomo ya Maemo a Setšhaba bjalo ka mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa, e lego lekga la mathomo mo Afrika Borwa ya temokrasi moo mopresidente a ilego a neela Puo ya gagwe ya Maemo a Setšhaba ntle le motlatšamopresidente. Ramaphosa o gateletše tlhokego ya go godiša ekonomi ya Afrika Borwa, go oketša boeti le mešomo ya bafsa, gammogo le go fokotša bogolo bja Kabinete. Polelong ye, Ramaphosa o ile a lebiša tlhokomelo gape go bohlokwa bja go boloka bohwa bja Mandela bo phela.

Polelo ya Ramaphosa e ile ya kopana le bontši bja ditshekatsheko tše botse go tšwa go mekgatlo ya kganetšo ba re polelo ya gagwe e be e le ye botse le gore e tla tliša phetogo, eupša gore ba tla mo dira gore a ikarabele.

Ka la 17 Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa, e le molaodi-moholo wa Lesole la Tshireletso la Sechaba la Afrika Borwa, o ile a kenela Tirelo ya Mahareng a Ditumelo tsa Mabotho a Hlomphehileng Setsing sa Kopano sa Mittah Seperepere ka Kimberley mme a etsa puo ya hae ya pele ya phatlalatsa jwalo ka mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa.

Ka la 26 Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa o neile polelo ya gagwe ya mathomo ya Setšhaba bjalo ka mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa, e le lekga la mathomo ka Afrika Borwa ya temokrasi moo mopresidente a filego polelo ya gagwe yeo e lego ya Setšhaba ka ntle le motlatša mopresidente. Ramaphosa o gateletše go nyakega ga go godiša ekonomi ya Afrika Borwa, go oketša boeti le mešomo ya bafsa, gammogo le go fokotša bogolo bja Kabinete. Polelong ye, Ramaphosa gape o ile a lebiša tlhokomelo go bohlokwa bja go boloka bohwa bja Mandela bo phela.[75]

Polelo ya Ramaphosa e ile ya gahlana le dipoelo tše botse go tšwa go mekgatlo ya kganetšo yeo e bego e re polelo ya gagwe e be e le ye botse le gore e tla tliša phetogo, eupša ba tla mo dira gore a ikarabele.[76][77]

Ka la 17 Dibokwane 2018, Ramaphosa, bjalo ka molaodi yo mogolo wa Mašole a Bosetšhaba a Afrika Borwa, o ile a ya Tirelong ya Ditumelo tša Mašole kua Mittah Sepere Convention Centre kua Kimberley gomme a dira polelo ya gagwe ya mathomo ya phatlalatša bjalo ka mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa.[78]

Ka la 26 Dibokwane 2018, Ramaphosa, yo a bego a hweditše bohwa bja Kabinete ya Jacob Zuma, o ile a fetoša Kabinete ka lekga la mathomo a tloša bontši bja maloko a Kabinete ao a bego a ngangišanwa ka mehla ya Zuma le ao a bego le na le kgokagano ya kgauswi le lapa la Gupta. Ramaphosa gape o kgethile motlatša-mopresidente wa African National Congress le Tonakgolo ya Mpumalanga, David Mabuza, bjalo ka Motlatša-Mopresidente wa naga.[79][80]

Ramaphosa o dirile leeto la gagwe la mathomo la boditšhabatšhaba bjalo ka mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa ka la 2 Matšhe 2018 go ya Repabliki ya Angola gomme a kopana le Mopresidente João Lourenço bjalo ka modulasetulo wa SADC.[81]

Ka la 8 Motsheganong 2019, African National Congress yeo e bego e eteletšwe pele ke Mopresidente Ramaphosa e ile ya thopa 57.50% ya dibouto dikgethong tša kakaretšo tša Afrika Borwa tša 2019.[82][83] Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa ka morago a sa ganetšwe ka lebaka la gagwe la mathomo le le tletšego bjalo ka mopresidente ke Seboka sa Setšhaba ka la 22 Mei 2019.[84] Ka ge Ramaphosa a be a kile a kgethwa bjalo ka mopresidente go tlatša sekgoba seo se tlogetšwego ke go rola modiro ga yo a tlilego pele ga gagwe, o na le tshwanelo ya molaotheo ya go šoma dinako tše pedi tše di tletšego.[85]

Ka la 19 Phupu 2019, Mošireletši wa Setšhaba, Busisiwe Mkhwebane, o lokollotše pego yeo go yona a boletšego gore Ramaphosa o arošitše Palamente ya Afrika Borwa ka boomo ka ga meneelo ya Bosasa yeo e tsošago ngangišano go lesolo la gagwe la go ba mopresidente wa CR17 ANC. Moetapele wa COPE Mosiuoa Lekota o kgopetše gore Ramaphosa a tlošwe setulong mola Moetapele wa DA Mmusi Maimane a šišinya go hlongwa ga komiti ya nakwana go nyakišiša ka mo go atlegilego ditatofatšo tše. Ramaphosa o tsebišitše setšhaba ka la 21 Phupu 2019 gomme a hlaloša pego yeo bjalo ka "e nago le diphošo tša motheo" gomme a ipiletša go tshekatsheko ya boahlodi ya dikhwetšo tša Mkhwebane.

Kopanong ya 2020 ya AU, Ramaphosa o bontšhitše thekgo go Lefelo la Kgwebišano ya Tokologo ya Kontinente ya Afrika gomme a le hlaloša bjalo ka sešupo se segolo sa go gotetša gape tlhabollo ya diintasteri le go bula tsela ya go kopanywa ga Afrika ka mmarakeng wa lefase ka bophara. Ramaphosa o boletše gape gore tumelelano ya kgwebišano ya tokologo e tla dira gore Afrika e be sebapadi sa boima bjo bogolo le tekanyo mmarakeng wa lefase ka bophara le wona.

Sebokeng sa AU sa 2020, Ramaphosa o ile a laetša gape thekgo ya go tswalela sekgoba sa bong le go fediša go se lekalekane ga bong.

Mmušo wa gagwe o arabetše khuduego ya Afrika Borwa ya 2021, e lego meferefere yeo e bolayago kudu ga e sa le go tloga ka kgethologanyo .

Pholisi ya ka gae

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Ga e sa le Ramaphosa e eba mopresidente o dirile gore mpshafatšo ya naga le ekonomi e be dilo tša gagwe tše bohlokwa, gammogo le go swaragana le go phulega ga listeriosis yeo e tšerego maphelo a batho ba ka godimo ga ba 100 go tloga mathomong a 2018.

Ka Dibokwane 2018, palamente ya Afrika Borwa e ile ya bouta ka 241 108 go thoma go fetoša "karolo ya thoto" ka molaotheong go dumelela go thopša ga naga ka ntle le pušetšo.[86][87]

Ka la 19 Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa o ile a emiša Tom Moyane bjalo ka Mokomišenare wa Tirelo ya Ditseno tša Afrika Borwa ka morago ga ge Moyane a ganne go rola modiro.[88][89]

Ka tlase ga boetapele bja gagwe, African National Congress e hlohleleditše phetošo ya molaotheo yeo e dumelelago mmušo go thopa dipolasa tša maAfrika Borwa a mašweu. O boletše gore mmušo wo o nago le maatla a go thopa dithoto ka ntle le pušetšo o tla hlohleletša kgolo ya ekonomi.[90] Ka nako ya ge Rand e le fase ka mengwaga ye mebedi, ditsebi tša ekonomi di be di belaela ka kgonagalo ya gore molao wo o atlege.[91]

Ka la 14 Phato 2018, Ramaphosa o kgethile Dr. Silas Ramaite bjalo ka Moemedi wa Molaodi wa Bosetšhaba wa Tsheko ya Setšhaba (NDPP) ka morago ga kahlolo ya Kgorotsheko ya Molaotheo ya gore Molaodi Shaun Abrahams o be a kgethilwe ka ntle le molao ke yo e bego e le mopresidente, Jacob Zuma.[92]

Afrika Borwa e ile ya ba dihlogo tša ditaba tša lefase ka baka la ditlhaselo kgahlanong le badudi ba dinaga dišele ka gare ga mellwane ya naga, ka maAfrika Borwa a mantši a bea badudi ba dinageng dišele molato ka baka la mathata a leago le ekonomi ya naga.[93]

Ka la 10 Mosegamanye 2021, Ramaphosa o tsebišitše gore mmušo wa gagwe o tla hlatloša mollwane wa palo ya mohlagase woo dikhamphani tša poraebete di ka o tšweletšago ka ntle le laesense - go tloga go 1 Megawatt go ya go 100 Megwatts.[94] Phetho e dirilwe go arabela ditlhohlo tše di oketšegago tšeo naga e bego e lebane le tšona nakong ya mathata a mohlagase ao a tšwelago pele, le go fa "oomph" ka mantšu a Ramaphosa, go tsošološo ya ekonomi ya Afrika Borwa.[95]

Ka la 11 Dibokwane 2022, Ramaphosa o tsebiša gore mmušo wa gagwe o tla hloma intasteri ya cannabis ya Afrika Borwa, a nyaka go godiša tšweletšo le dithomelo.[96]

Maiteko a go thoma

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Ramaphosa o thomile lesolo la Youth Employment Service (YES) bjalo ka tsela ya go thwala bafsa ba milione o tee le go ba fa boitemogelo bjo bo oketšegilego ka lefapheng la mošomo, le Mmušo wa Afrika Borwa o bile o tšweletša Tšhomišo ya Motšhelo wa Mešomo, yeo e bego e tla fokotša ditshenyagalelo tša mothwadi ge o thwala bafsa.[97][98]

Ka la 14 Phato 2018, Mopresidente Ramaphosa o ile a bolela ka go thongwa ga lesolo la Sanitation Appropriate For Education (SAFE) kua Pretoria go arabela ditlhohlo tša tša maphelo tšeo di lebanego le dikolo tše di diilago kudu tša naga.[99][100]

Pholisi ya Dinaga Dišele

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Mmapa wo o bontšhago kakaretšo ya dinaga tšeo Ramaphosa a di dirilego maeto a semmušo bjalo ka mopresidente
Ramaphosa le Vladimir Putin, mopresidente wa Russia

Ramaphosa o dirile leeto la gagwe la mathomo la boditšhabatšhaba bjalo ka Mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa go ya Repabliking ya Angola gomme a kopana le Mopresidente João Lourenço bjalo ka modulasetulo wa SADC go bolela ka khutšo le tšhireletšo.

Ka la 20 Hlakola 2018, Ramaphosa o ile a tšea leeto la go ya Kigali, Rwanda gammogo le Tona ya Dinaga tša ka Ntle Lindiwe Sisulu, gomme a kopana le Mopresidente Paul Kagame gomme a bolela ka go tsošološa ditswalano magareng ga Afrika Borwa le Rwanda, ka morago a tšea karolo bjalo ka batšeakarolo ka Foramo ya Kgwebo ya Lefelo la Kgwebišano ya Tokologo ya Kontinente ya Afrika (ACFTABF) pele ga 10th African Union Extraordinary Summit. Letšatšing le le latelago, Ramaphosa o ile a saena Kgoeletšo ya Kigali mabapi le go hlongwa ga ACFTABF ka 10th African Union Extraordinary Summit[101]

Ramaphosa e amogetše khonferense ya bo-11 ya BRICS ka la 25 27 Phupu 2018, kua Sandton Convention Centre kua Johannesburg.[102]

Ka Pherekgong 2019, Ramaphosa o lebogišitše mopresidente wa Venezuela Nicolás Maduro ka morago ga go kgethwa ga gagwe lla bobedi[103]

Ka la 10 Mopitlo 2021, Ramaphosa o boletše gore ANC e ile ya nyatša "ka mantšu a maatla kudu" kgonagalo ya go rakwa ga malapa a Palestina go tšwa magaeng a bona ka Jerusalema Bohlabela yeo e bego e laolwa ke Isiraele le "ditlhaselo tše šoro go baganetši ba Palestina" kua Al-Aqsa Mosque.[104]

Ka morago ga go Russia e hlasetše Ukraine, yeo e thomilwego ka la 24 Dibokwane 2022, Ramaphosa ga se a ka a sola Russia goba a dumela go tsena dithibelo kgahlanong le Russia.[105][106] Kgwedi ka morago, o boletše gore go dula a sa tšee lehlakore go be go le bohlokwa ka ge a ile a kgopelwa go boelanya magareng ga boetapele bja dinaga tše pedi. Go sa šetšwe tlhaselo yeo e bego e tšwela pele le go bega bosenyi bja ntwa bjo bo bego bo dirwa ke Russia; Ramaphosa gape o ile a bea molato wa go ba kgauswi ga NATO le mellwane ya Russia ka baka la ditiro tša Vladimir Putin le ba bangwe ba gagwe, a bolela gore "Ntwa e ka be e ile ya phengwa ge e ba NATO e ile ya theetša ditemošo go tšwa go baetapele le bahlankedi ba yona go theoša le mengwaga ya gore katološo ya yona ya ka bohlabela e be e tla lebiša go go go se tsepame ka seleteng."[107]

Karabelo ya Coronavirus

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Ramaphosa o ile a retwa lefaseng ka bophara ka baka la karabelo ya gagwe go leuba la COVID-19 ka Afrika Borwa ka BBC a bolela gore, mabapi le se, "Ramaphosa o tšweletše bjalo ka moetapele yo a boifišago yo a bopegilego, yo a nago le kwelobohloko, eupša a swarwa ke go akgofa ga nako".[108] Ka Diphalane 2020, Ramaphosa o thomile nako ya go ikarola ka morago ga gore moeng moletlong wa dijo tša mantšiboa wo a bilego go wona a hlahlobje a na le coronavirus.[109]

Ka la 12 Manthole 2021, Tona ya Bopresidente, Mondli Gungubele o tsebišitše gore Ramaphosa o hweditšwe a na le COVID-19, gomme motlatša-mopresidente, David Mabuza o tla tšea "boikarabelo ka moka" bekeng e latelago.[110]

Botho bja dipolitiki

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Ramaphosa o boletše phatlalatša ka Afrika Borwa ka la 24 Mei 2018 gore o tla neela seripa sa mogolo wa gagwe (R3.6 milione ka ngwaga) go mekgatlo ya go thuša bahloki go hlompha mohu yo e bego e le mopresidente wa Afrika Borwa Nelson Mandela. O boletše gore mogato wo o be o reretšwe go hlohleletša bahumi go neela meputso ya bona go thuša go aga setšhaba. Moneelo o be o beakantšwe go laolwa ke Nelson Mandela Foundation (NMF).[111]

Mošomo wa kgwebo

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Gare ga maemo a mangwe, e be e le modulasetulo wa khuduthamaga ya Shanduka Group, khamphani yeo a e hlomilego. Shanduka Group e na le dipeeletšo ka lefapheng la methopo, lefapheng ya mohlagase, meago, panka, inšorense le dikgokagano (SEACOM).[112] Gape e be e le modulasetulo wa Bidvest, le MTN. Maemo a gagwe a mangwe ao e sego a taolo a akaretša Macsteel Holdings, Alexander Forbes le Standard Bank. Ka Matšhe 2007, o ile a kgethelwa go ba modulasetulo yo e sego wa khuduthamaga wa Mondi, sehlopha se se etelelago pele sa dipampiri le diphuthelwana tša boditšhabatšhaba, ge khamphani e arogana le Anglo American plc. Ka Phupu 2013, o ile a rola modiro go SABMiller plc.[113]

Ke yo mongwe wa banna ba humilego kudu ba Afrika Borwa[114], ka lehumo le le akanyetšwago dipilione tše 6.4 tša diranta ($450 milione).[115]

Ka 2011, Ramaphosa o ile a lefa tumelelano ya mengwaga ye 20 ya go laola diresetšhurente tša McDonalds tše 145 ka Afrika Borwa.[116] Kapejana ka morago ga dikgetho tša kakaretšo tša 2014, Ramaphosa o tsebišitše gore o be a tla tloša tšhelete go Shanduka go phethagatša maikarabelo a gagwe a mafsa bjalo ka motlatša-mopresidente ka ntle le kgonagalo ya thulano ya kgahlego.[117] McDonalds ba Afrika Borwa e tsebišitše gore go tla ba le tshepedišo yeo e tšwelago pele go tšea legato la Ramaphosa bjalo ka motho yo a nago le laesense ya tlhabollo ya bjale ya tshepedišo ya dijo tša lebelo ka Afrika Borwa.[118]

Ka 2014, ka morago ga gore Ramaphosa e be Motlatšamopresidente wa Afrika Borwa, Retšistara ya Dikgahlego tša Maloko, yeo e tšweleditšwego Palamenteng, e utolotše lehumo la gagwe. Ka godimo ga dimilione tše 76 tša dirante yeo a e kgobokeditšego ka dikabelo tša khamphani, dingwalwa di bontšhitše gore o be a na le dithoto tše 30 kua Johannesburg le difolete tše pedi kua Cape Town. Pego gape e tiišeditše go rola modiro ga Ramaphosa go ba molaodi wa Lonmin, moo a ilego a swawa diphošo ka polao ya Marikana ka 2012.[119][120]

Molemi

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Nakong ya ketelo ya go ya Uganda ka 2004, Ramaphosa o ile a thoma go kgahlegela tswadišo ya dikgomo tša Ankole. Mopresidente wa Uganda Yoweri Museveni gomme a di romela Kenya. Gona moo dikgomo di be di tsentšwe peu ya maitirelo, mae ao a sa hlwago a bopega a tlošwa gomme a romelwa Afrika Borwa, moo a fetišetšwago dikgomo gomme a tswalelelwa dikgwedi tše pedi. Go tloga ka Agostose 2017, Ramaphosa o be a na le dikgomo tše 100 tša go tswadiša tša Ankole polaseng ya gagwe ya Ntaba Nyoni kua Mpumalanga.[121][122]

Ka 2017, Ramaphosa o ngwadile puku ka ga tswadišo, Dikgomo tša Mengwaga, Dikanegelo, le Ditshwantšho tša Dikgomo tša Ankole tša Borwa bja Afrika..[123]

Dingangišano

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Polao ya Marikanao, [124] bjalo ka ge go boletšwe ka mekerong ya ditaba, e diregile ge maphodisa a be a thuba mošomo wa bašomi ba Lonmin bao ba bego ba hlasela "koppie" (thaba) kgauswi le lefelo la bodulo la Nkaneng kua Marikana ka la 16 Phato 2012. Ngangišano ye nngwe e tšweletše ka morago ga ge go utolotšwe gore bontši bja bahlaselwa ba thuntšhitšwe ka mokokotlong[125] gomme bahlaselwa ba bantši ba thuntšwe kgole le maphodisa[126] Bošoro bja ka la 16 Agostose 2012 e be e le tirišo e tee ye e bolayago kudu ya maatla ke mašole a tšhireletšo a Afrika Borwa kgahlanong le baagi go tloga mafelelong a mehla ya kgethologanyo.[127]

Nakong ya Khomišene ya Marikana, go ile gwa tšwelela gape gore balaodi ba Lonmin ba kgopetše Ramaphosa, bjalo ka mong wa ditšhelete tša Lonmin le ANC, go rulaganya "tiro ya go sepedišana" kgahlanong le baganetši ba "bosenyi" gomme ka go realo ba bonwa ke ba bantši e le bao ba ikarabelago ka polao.[128][129].

Ka fase ga nyakišišo ya komiti ya Farlam, Ramaphosa o boletše gore Lonmin o ile a hlohleletša mmušo le SAPS pele go kgonthiša go ba gona ga maphodisa a mantši kua Lonmin gomme sa bobedi go hlaola seo se bego se direga bjalo ka sesenyi go e na le tiragalo ya dikamano tša intasteri.[130]

Khomišene ya Nyakišišo ya Marikana mafelelong e hweditše gore ka baka la mahu ao a bego a šetše a diregile, go tsena ga gagwe ditaba gare ga se gwa hlola koketšego ya maphodisa lefelong leo, le gona o be a sa tsebe gore mošomo o tla direga ka la 16 Phato.[131]

Ka Phato 2017, Ramaphosa o be a akaretšwa ka gare ga kgobogo yeo e bego e bolela gore o be a na le ditaba tše mmalwa tša ka ntle ga lenyalo gomme o be a akaretša go lefa tšhelete go batho mola a tšwela pele ka ditaba. Ramaphosa ka morago o ile a ganetša ditatofatšo ka go bolela gore di be di hlohleleditšwe ke dipolitiki go šitiša lesolo la gagwe la bopresidente.[132]

Magoro a bongaka a tlhompho le difoka

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Gare ga ba bangwe, Ramaphosa o amogetše magoro a bongaka a tlhompho go tšwa Yunibesithing ya Natal, Yunibesithing ya Port Elizabeth, Yunibesithi ya Cape Town, Yunibesithing wa Leboa, Yunibesithing ya Bosetšhaba ya Lesotho, Yunibesithing ya Bosenyi ya Ireland Galway[133] Yunibesithini ya Massachusetts Boston[134] le Yunibesithi ya Pennsylvania[135].

Ramaphosa o amogetše sefoka sa Olof Palme kua Stockholm ka Diphalane 1987.[136]

Ka 2004, o ile a kgethwa go ba wa bo-34 go MaAfrika Borwa a Magolo a 100 a godimo.

Ramaphosa o be a akareditšwe ka go 2007 Time 100,[137] lelokelelo la ngwaga le ngwaga la banna le basadi ba 100 bao maatla, talente goba mohlala wa bona wa boitshwaro o fetošago lefase.

Ramaphosa o amogetše Sefoka sa Poleiti ya Gauta sa Sekolo sa Amerika sa Phihlelelo ka 2009, seo se neilwego ke leloko la Lekgotla la difoka Archbishop Desmond Tutu moletlong wa difoka kua St. George's Cathedral kua Cape Town, Afrika Borwa.[138][139]

Ramaphosa o ile a bitšwa yo mongwe wa Batho ba 100 ba ba nago le tutuetšo kudu ba 2019 go tšwa go makasine wa Time.[140]

Maemo a boditšhabatšhaba

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Mo karolong ya gagwe bjalo ka rakgwebo, Ramaphosa ke leloko la Coca-Cola Company International Advisory Board gammogo le Unilever Africa Advisory Council. Gape e be e le motlatša modulasetulo wa mathomo wa Khansele ya Kgwebo ya Commonwealth.

Gotee le yo e bego e le mopresidente wa Finland, Martti Ahtisaari, o be a kgethilwe go ba mohlahlobi wa mafelo a go lahlela dibetša a Irish Republican Army ka Leboa la Ireland. Ramaphosa ke moemedi yo mogolo wa Iceland kua Johannesburg, Afrika Borwa

Ka khuduego ya 2007 ya Kenya, yeo e latetšego go kgethwa gape ga Mopresidente Mwai Kibaki ka Manthole 2007, Ramaphosa o ile a kgethwa ka go dumelelana ke sehlopha sa bolamodi seo se bego se eteletšwe pele ke Kofi Annan go ba mmolamodi yo mogolo yo a ikarabelago ka go etelela pele dipoledišano tša nako e telele. Le ge go le bjalo, mmušo wa Kibaki o ile wa bontšha go se kgotsofale ka kgetho ya Ramaphosa, wa re o na le dikgokagano tša kgwebo le moganetši wa Kibaki Raila Odinga, gomme Annan o amogetše go tšwa ga Ramaphosa go karolo ya mmoelanyi yo mogolo ka la 4 Dibokwane.[141] ditherišanong.[142][143]

Bophelo bja motho ka noši

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Ramaphosa ke motho wa sephiri kudu gomme ga go tsebje go gontši ka bophelo bja gagwe. Ramaphosa o be a nyetšwe ke Hope Ramaphosa (1978 -1989) yo a nago le morwa, gomme ka morago a nyalwa le go hlala, mosadi wa kgwebo yo ga bjale a hlokofetšego Nomazizi Mtshotshisa (1991ī1993). Ka 1996, o ile a nyala Tshepo Motsepe,[144] ngaka ya tša kalafo le kgaetšedi ya mohumi wa meepong wa Afrika Borwa Patrice Motsepe.[145] Ramaphosa o na le bana ba bahlano bao ba tsebjago.[146][147]

O na le ntlo ya manobonobo ka fase ga thaba ya Hlogo ya Tau kua Cape Town.[148] Ramaphosa o tsebja bjalo ka yo mongwe wa batho bao ba humilego kudu mo Afrika Borwa, ka tšhelete ya go feta $450 dimilione tše 450 tša ditolara gomme o tšweletše ka dimakasineng tša ditšhelete tša go swana le Forbes Africa le Bloomberg.[149]

O a kgona go bolela dipolelo tše dintši, gomme o tsebja ka go akaretša dipolelo tše di fapafapanego tša Afrika Borwa ge a nea bontši bja dipolelo tša gagwe.[150]

Gape Ramaphosa ke mothomi wa Foundation ya Cyril Ramaphosa.

Dikgokagano tša ka ntle

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Ditšhupetšo

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Simon (10 February 2020). "South African President Cyril Ramaphosa elected African Union Chairperson as continent vows to "silence the guns," boost trade and close gender gap". Today News Africa. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "NPC Commissioners". National Planning Commission. 4 February 2015. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  3. ↑ Mtimka, Ongama. "Ramaphosa has what it takes to fix South Africa's ailing ANC. But ..." ..." The Conversation. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  4. ↑ "How Cyril Ramaphosa and Roelf Meyer joined forces to bring democracy to SA". Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  5. ↑ S., Saul, John. South Africa – the present as history : from Mrs. Ples to Mandela & Marikana. Woodbridge, Suffolk. ISBN 9781847010926. OCLC 872681428
  6. ↑ tinashe (30 June 2011). "Negotiations and the transition" African History Online. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  7. ↑ Munusamy, Ranjeni (20 December 2012). "Cyril Ramaphosa: the return of Nelson Mandela's chosen one". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
  8. ↑ "Here are the 20 richest people in South Africa". BusinessTech. Archived from the original on 17 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  9. ↑ "Ramaphosa declares ownership of 31 properties". Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  10. ↑ "R2K protest for investigation into MTN and Ramaphosa corruption allegations". Right2Know Campaign. 12 October 2015. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  11. ↑ Turner, Craig McKune and George Turner, Craig McKune, George. "Ramaphosa and MTN's offshore stash". Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 December 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  12. ↑ "Ramaphosa sells business stakes, creates billion-dollar black-owned company". BizNews.com. 26 May 2015. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  13. ↑ Mawson, Nicola. "Ramaphosa steps down as MTN chairman". ITWeb Technology News. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  14. ↑ "Cyril Ramaphosa's conflict of interest – Corruption Watch". Corruption Watch. 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
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