In 2021, in the well-known Oksywie and Wielbark Culture cemetery at Czarnówko in Gdańsk Pomerania... more In 2021, in the well-known Oksywie and Wielbark Culture cemetery at Czarnówko in Gdańsk Pomerania, a very well-equipped grave was discovered that deserves to be called ‘princely’. It is the eleventh grave of this type in the cemetery. Feature 1927 is a cremation grave which was re-opened in antiquity. The urn contained fragments of two Roman vessels: a bucket of copper alloy and a badly melted glass cup or goblet. Despite the cremation, the set of personal objects is rich. It includes a brooch typical of the Wielbark Culture, fragments of two silver bracelets of different types, a golden crescent-shaped pendant, a pendant with a cowrie shell core in a strap-setting, a belt buckle and strap end, and more, all also placed in the urn. The buried person died in the age of senilis; according to the archaeological criteria, it is the burial of a woman. The grave can be dated to subphase C1b.
Discovered in 1920, the princely grave of Hoby is a
central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age a... more Discovered in 1920, the princely grave of Hoby is a central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age archaeology. It is one of the richest graves of the so-called “Lübsow Group” and contained high-quality objects of Roman origin and no less high-quality artefacts of local production. At the beginning of the 21st century, amateur archaeologists discovered pottery from the Early Roman Iron Age and several metal finds at a distance of 250 metres from the burial, which came from a settlement site that was contemporaneous with the grave and has been excavated since 2005. Within the framework of a Danish-German cooperation project, these features are being examined. Simultaneously, the inventory of the princely grave is also being reviewed – the results of the antiquarian studies on the indigenous objects from the tomb carried out separately can be presented here. The examinations of the fibulae and the buckle as well as the comparative analysis of the composition of the imported vessels point entirely to a dating of the Hoby tomb to the Claudian period, i. e. to subphase B1b
Members of the Advisory Board serve for three-year terms. Term expiration dates are listed for ea... more Members of the Advisory Board serve for three-year terms. Term expiration dates are listed for each adviser.
FABER Studies in Honour of Sorin Cociș at his 65th Anniversary, 2022
Von Gherla im Gebiet der römischen Provinz Dacia, die zu den
wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensg... more Von Gherla im Gebiet der römischen Provinz Dacia, die zu den wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensgebieten von Sorin Cociş gehört, stammt die Silberfigur eines knienden, gefesselten Barbaren mit Suebenknoten. Sie gehört zu einer größeren Gruppe in Buntmetall gegossener Darstellungen von Männern mit nodus, die in verschiedenen Regionen des Römischen Reiches ‒ aus stadtrömischer Sicht ‒ jenseits der Alpen gefunden wurden. Zu dieser Gruppe zählen auch Appliken von Gefäßen aus Kupferlegierung, die im Barbaricum zu Tage kamen. In drei Fällen (Mušov, Czarnówko, Kariv) sind die Gefäße erhalten, in einem Fall (Kulišejka) ist nur eine Attasche belegt. Die ehemaligen Besitzer dieser Stücke waren vermutlich in die Geschehnisse der Markomannenkriege involviert. Die Art der Darstellung der Büsten / Gesichter der vier Funde aus dem Barbaricum lässt, entgegen in der Literatur geäußerter Zweifel, nur den Schluss ihrer Herstellung in einer provinzialrömischen Werkstatt zu.
Between 1942 and 1944, the most valuable parts of the
collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum ... more Between 1942 and 1944, the most valuable parts of the collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum in Stettin were evacuated to selected sites for fear of bombardment and the loss of cultural property, and left in the care of trusted persons, mainly representatives of well-known Pomeranian landowners. One of these removal sites was the Moltow estate (today Mołtowo). The finds evacuated to the property Moltow had been removed from the manor house under unknown circumstances between the late 1940s and early 1970s. They prove that after the end of the war they were preserved in good condition for at least a few years in the place where have been deposited before 1945, and that they were probably scattered and partly destroyed in the following years. In 2016, finds bearing inventory numbers of the former Pommersches Landesmuseum were discovered by chance in Mołtowo (the former Moltow) in the area of a former sand pit used as a rubbish dump. They were professionally recovered by employees of the Muzeum Narodowe Szczecin and the Museum of Polish Weaponry in Kołobrzeg. This collection also include finds from three Early Roman Iron Age princely graves at Lübsow (Lubieszewo). They are presented and described here as a supplement to the monograph on the graves of Lübsow published in 2010.
The Germanic elites, as they are revealed to us in the archaeological material, are inconceivable... more The Germanic elites, as they are revealed to us in the archaeological material, are inconceivable without the Romans. This sentence, which seems very categorical, means "rst of all that the picture we gain from the "nds of the peaks of the social hierarchy in the individual regions is strongly in#uenced by the confrontation of the tribes of Central and Northern Europe with the Roman Empire. !e tribes, which Gaius Iulius Caesar called “Germanic”, soon found themselves exposed to the expansionist urge of the imperial Mediterranean superpower, and the impact of the Roman advanced civilisation on the indigenous way of life was immense.!e outstanding grave goods, through which we can recognize members of Germanic elites, manifest themselves mainly in objects of Roman origin, but also in native equipment and elements of attire, which were either made entirely of precious metal or elaborately decorated with it. However, the mining of gold and silver, but also of tin and copper, was unknown to the Germanic tribes – at least according to today’s knowledge.The vast quantities of, for example, brooches, pins, buckles, strap ends, spurs or drinking horn fittings made of copper alloy or silver that have been found in graves prove that import of metal – of whatever kind – must have been constant and extensive.An economic system based on imports had to be steered and its control and the distribution of the raw material was the responsibility of the elites. Without their connections – of various kinds – with Rome, the rise of the elites re#ected in the three groups of princely graves and the presentation of wealth and power would not have been possible; the dependence on Roman sources of supply is evident in any case.
In 2005 or 2006 the owner of the field where the multicultural site 2 of Ostrowite in Pomerania i... more In 2005 or 2006 the owner of the field where the multicultural site 2 of Ostrowite in Pomerania is situated found a brooch of copper alloy with the metal detector. The most striking feature of the specimen is its long rhomboid foot, which is almost twice as long as the bow. A decisive factor in comparison with similar fibulae with rhomboid foot is the fact that the footʼs part near the bow is narrow and the side edges run parallel to one another here. The context of the brooch is unclear since until today there are no contemporaneous finds detected at this site. Due to shape of the fibula and stamp decoration there is no doubt that it is the product of a workshop existing in the Migration Period. The stamp decoration fits that style that dominated the Baltic Sea area in the first half of the 5th century AD – the Sösdala style. Closer and more distant parallels of the brooch are to be find wide-spread in Northern, Central an Eastern Europe. Partly, they belong to the Kiew type according to M. Schulze-Dörrlamm an, partly to her Ruuthsbo type, too. A number of comparable pieces also come from the expanse space of Ukraine and Southwest Russia, from the Černjachov and Kiev culture territories. The best parallels come from the West Balt Culture Circle and the Migration Period „post-Wielbark culture region“ in closer and further surroundings of the Vistula estuary. Two brooches – from Dollkeim / Kovrovo (RUS) and Pruszcz Gdański, site 5 (PL) – are that close to the Ostrowite specimen that we may group all this three fibulae together under the name Ostrowite group. Obviously, those brooches were designed in Eastern Pomerania, but – as the other parallels proof – also have to be seen in the context of a supra-regional style of the first half of the 5th c. AD.
The so-called bulls-head brooches are one of the most remarkable results of Roman Period barbaria... more The so-called bulls-head brooches are one of the most remarkable results of Roman Period barbarian art. Until now they were known mostly from the regions of the Western Balts and the neighbouring Wielbark culture in the North-Eastern part of Central Europe. The interesting question where those brooches were created was discussed broadly throughout many years. New finds – unfortunately all gathered by illegal metal detecting raids and offered for sale – shed a new light on the issue. Found at the Ukraine they show that the appearance of bulls-head brooches has to be seen in a broader, supra-cultural context. All specimen can be dated in a relatively short period of 60 – 70 years in the time before and after 200 AD. The same applies to so-called duck brooches that were known from a few sites only. All new-found brooches were offered for sale at East European web sites. In the second part of the paper I discussed the problem, how archaeology should treat such finds
In 2021, in the well-known Oksywie and Wielbark Culture cemetery at Czarnówko in Gdańsk Pomerania... more In 2021, in the well-known Oksywie and Wielbark Culture cemetery at Czarnówko in Gdańsk Pomerania, a very well-equipped grave was discovered that deserves to be called ‘princely’. It is the eleventh grave of this type in the cemetery. Feature 1927 is a cremation grave which was re-opened in antiquity. The urn contained fragments of two Roman vessels: a bucket of copper alloy and a badly melted glass cup or goblet. Despite the cremation, the set of personal objects is rich. It includes a brooch typical of the Wielbark Culture, fragments of two silver bracelets of different types, a golden crescent-shaped pendant, a pendant with a cowrie shell core in a strap-setting, a belt buckle and strap end, and more, all also placed in the urn. The buried person died in the age of senilis; according to the archaeological criteria, it is the burial of a woman. The grave can be dated to subphase C1b.
Discovered in 1920, the princely grave of Hoby is a
central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age a... more Discovered in 1920, the princely grave of Hoby is a central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age archaeology. It is one of the richest graves of the so-called “Lübsow Group” and contained high-quality objects of Roman origin and no less high-quality artefacts of local production. At the beginning of the 21st century, amateur archaeologists discovered pottery from the Early Roman Iron Age and several metal finds at a distance of 250 metres from the burial, which came from a settlement site that was contemporaneous with the grave and has been excavated since 2005. Within the framework of a Danish-German cooperation project, these features are being examined. Simultaneously, the inventory of the princely grave is also being reviewed – the results of the antiquarian studies on the indigenous objects from the tomb carried out separately can be presented here. The examinations of the fibulae and the buckle as well as the comparative analysis of the composition of the imported vessels point entirely to a dating of the Hoby tomb to the Claudian period, i. e. to subphase B1b
Members of the Advisory Board serve for three-year terms. Term expiration dates are listed for ea... more Members of the Advisory Board serve for three-year terms. Term expiration dates are listed for each adviser.
FABER Studies in Honour of Sorin Cociș at his 65th Anniversary, 2022
Von Gherla im Gebiet der römischen Provinz Dacia, die zu den
wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensg... more Von Gherla im Gebiet der römischen Provinz Dacia, die zu den wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensgebieten von Sorin Cociş gehört, stammt die Silberfigur eines knienden, gefesselten Barbaren mit Suebenknoten. Sie gehört zu einer größeren Gruppe in Buntmetall gegossener Darstellungen von Männern mit nodus, die in verschiedenen Regionen des Römischen Reiches ‒ aus stadtrömischer Sicht ‒ jenseits der Alpen gefunden wurden. Zu dieser Gruppe zählen auch Appliken von Gefäßen aus Kupferlegierung, die im Barbaricum zu Tage kamen. In drei Fällen (Mušov, Czarnówko, Kariv) sind die Gefäße erhalten, in einem Fall (Kulišejka) ist nur eine Attasche belegt. Die ehemaligen Besitzer dieser Stücke waren vermutlich in die Geschehnisse der Markomannenkriege involviert. Die Art der Darstellung der Büsten / Gesichter der vier Funde aus dem Barbaricum lässt, entgegen in der Literatur geäußerter Zweifel, nur den Schluss ihrer Herstellung in einer provinzialrömischen Werkstatt zu.
Between 1942 and 1944, the most valuable parts of the
collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum ... more Between 1942 and 1944, the most valuable parts of the collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum in Stettin were evacuated to selected sites for fear of bombardment and the loss of cultural property, and left in the care of trusted persons, mainly representatives of well-known Pomeranian landowners. One of these removal sites was the Moltow estate (today Mołtowo). The finds evacuated to the property Moltow had been removed from the manor house under unknown circumstances between the late 1940s and early 1970s. They prove that after the end of the war they were preserved in good condition for at least a few years in the place where have been deposited before 1945, and that they were probably scattered and partly destroyed in the following years. In 2016, finds bearing inventory numbers of the former Pommersches Landesmuseum were discovered by chance in Mołtowo (the former Moltow) in the area of a former sand pit used as a rubbish dump. They were professionally recovered by employees of the Muzeum Narodowe Szczecin and the Museum of Polish Weaponry in Kołobrzeg. This collection also include finds from three Early Roman Iron Age princely graves at Lübsow (Lubieszewo). They are presented and described here as a supplement to the monograph on the graves of Lübsow published in 2010.
The Germanic elites, as they are revealed to us in the archaeological material, are inconceivable... more The Germanic elites, as they are revealed to us in the archaeological material, are inconceivable without the Romans. This sentence, which seems very categorical, means "rst of all that the picture we gain from the "nds of the peaks of the social hierarchy in the individual regions is strongly in#uenced by the confrontation of the tribes of Central and Northern Europe with the Roman Empire. !e tribes, which Gaius Iulius Caesar called “Germanic”, soon found themselves exposed to the expansionist urge of the imperial Mediterranean superpower, and the impact of the Roman advanced civilisation on the indigenous way of life was immense.!e outstanding grave goods, through which we can recognize members of Germanic elites, manifest themselves mainly in objects of Roman origin, but also in native equipment and elements of attire, which were either made entirely of precious metal or elaborately decorated with it. However, the mining of gold and silver, but also of tin and copper, was unknown to the Germanic tribes – at least according to today’s knowledge.The vast quantities of, for example, brooches, pins, buckles, strap ends, spurs or drinking horn fittings made of copper alloy or silver that have been found in graves prove that import of metal – of whatever kind – must have been constant and extensive.An economic system based on imports had to be steered and its control and the distribution of the raw material was the responsibility of the elites. Without their connections – of various kinds – with Rome, the rise of the elites re#ected in the three groups of princely graves and the presentation of wealth and power would not have been possible; the dependence on Roman sources of supply is evident in any case.
In 2005 or 2006 the owner of the field where the multicultural site 2 of Ostrowite in Pomerania i... more In 2005 or 2006 the owner of the field where the multicultural site 2 of Ostrowite in Pomerania is situated found a brooch of copper alloy with the metal detector. The most striking feature of the specimen is its long rhomboid foot, which is almost twice as long as the bow. A decisive factor in comparison with similar fibulae with rhomboid foot is the fact that the footʼs part near the bow is narrow and the side edges run parallel to one another here. The context of the brooch is unclear since until today there are no contemporaneous finds detected at this site. Due to shape of the fibula and stamp decoration there is no doubt that it is the product of a workshop existing in the Migration Period. The stamp decoration fits that style that dominated the Baltic Sea area in the first half of the 5th century AD – the Sösdala style. Closer and more distant parallels of the brooch are to be find wide-spread in Northern, Central an Eastern Europe. Partly, they belong to the Kiew type according to M. Schulze-Dörrlamm an, partly to her Ruuthsbo type, too. A number of comparable pieces also come from the expanse space of Ukraine and Southwest Russia, from the Černjachov and Kiev culture territories. The best parallels come from the West Balt Culture Circle and the Migration Period „post-Wielbark culture region“ in closer and further surroundings of the Vistula estuary. Two brooches – from Dollkeim / Kovrovo (RUS) and Pruszcz Gdański, site 5 (PL) – are that close to the Ostrowite specimen that we may group all this three fibulae together under the name Ostrowite group. Obviously, those brooches were designed in Eastern Pomerania, but – as the other parallels proof – also have to be seen in the context of a supra-regional style of the first half of the 5th c. AD.
The so-called bulls-head brooches are one of the most remarkable results of Roman Period barbaria... more The so-called bulls-head brooches are one of the most remarkable results of Roman Period barbarian art. Until now they were known mostly from the regions of the Western Balts and the neighbouring Wielbark culture in the North-Eastern part of Central Europe. The interesting question where those brooches were created was discussed broadly throughout many years. New finds – unfortunately all gathered by illegal metal detecting raids and offered for sale – shed a new light on the issue. Found at the Ukraine they show that the appearance of bulls-head brooches has to be seen in a broader, supra-cultural context. All specimen can be dated in a relatively short period of 60 – 70 years in the time before and after 200 AD. The same applies to so-called duck brooches that were known from a few sites only. All new-found brooches were offered for sale at East European web sites. In the second part of the paper I discussed the problem, how archaeology should treat such finds
First volume of a new series (Series Popularis) of the Monumenta Archaeologica Barbarica project.... more First volume of a new series (Series Popularis) of the Monumenta Archaeologica Barbarica project. The series starts with a site from Czarnówko in Pomerania, which is truly exceptional, not only among the grave fields published so far in the Monumenta... series and merits being made known to a public more general than the research community, given at least a European scale by being published in one of the congress languages. Czarnówko unites all that is the most outstanding in the archaeology of Late Antiquity in Pomerania – cinerary urns with individualized representations of human faces, perhaps of the region’s actual inhabitants; graves deposited with utmost care inside cists of stone slabs around 500 BC – burials of Iron Age people of the final centuries BC, documenting a technological leap made by them; burials of people from the first centuries AD, members of communities living in the catchment of the Amber Road in close contact with other peoples of the Baltic coastal region, but also with the Roman Empire – the European Union of that age – theirs is the legacy of splendid jewellery, its style described by modern archaeologists as “Baroque”; and last but not least, just a few, but not less intriguing, graves from the Migration Period – the time around 500 AD, when nearly all of Europe was turned upside down by the plough of history.
Ulf Ickerodt, Eicke Siegloff (Schleswig), Jan Schuster (Łódź)
Both aspects mentioned in the ti... more Ulf Ickerodt, Eicke Siegloff (Schleswig), Jan Schuster (Łódź)
Both aspects mentioned in the title, which are in the focus of the planned workshop, were set out by Bertil Ålmgren in his research historical retrospection concentrating on the 1960ies as central motif which eventually helped Hans Hildebrand and Oscar Montelius, on order by Bror Hildebrand, to sort the prehistoric antiquities of the prehistoric museum of Stockholm according to a comprehensible methodology. Almost 150 years of intense research and of exponential growth of finds has changed little for these two objectives. Which potential provide the systematic registration of (not only) Iron Age finds? Where are the (practical) limits of an archaeological register? And last, but not least, how can new media help bridging theoretical and practical problems?
The first part „(…) a completely amorphous mass of finds (…)” approaches the issue of an archaeological register and the connected system from a theoretical, research-historical but also practical and heritage management orientated point of view in order to close in on the topic. Karl Kersten as the main actor in the early archaeological research in Schleswig-Holstein still aspired to a complete register of e.g. Iron Age finds until about the end of the 1970ies and the early 1980ies, but challenges have shifted since. The past few decades also witnessed besides a chronological spreading of the archaeological field of work (from the Paleolithic till contemporary archaeology) considerable emergence of the field of work data and thus to a massive engagement of resources. As a consequence of this an exponential growth of finds challenges both, the archaeological heritage conservation and the processing in museums, and affects further the research by diverse universities and not university based research institutions.
What should be and what has to be collected? In order to answer these questions the state archaeological heritage management has aspired to practical solutions, as our precursors did in late 90th century.
The present concept will be presented in the second section „(…) to be sorted according to an ultimately practical principle (…)”. The approach is to be seen before the backdrop of various practical constraints. On the one hand there is a massive increase of metal finds, not at least because of the work with metal detectors following the so called Schleswig model. On the other hand this material has to be secured and registered by the State Archaeological Department and the State Archaeological Museum. All this is supposed to be managed in an effective and work and time saving way also considering that the results should be available for research. The approach will be explained using the example of the Iron Age finds procured by the use of metal detectors in order to examine the suitability for daily use as well as the impacts on possible research problems.
Uploads
Papers by Jan Schuster
a very well-equipped grave was discovered that deserves to be called ‘princely’. It is the eleventh grave of this type in the
cemetery. Feature 1927 is a cremation grave which was re-opened in antiquity. The urn contained fragments of two Roman
vessels: a bucket of copper alloy and a badly melted glass cup or goblet. Despite the cremation, the set of personal
objects is rich. It includes a brooch typical of the Wielbark Culture, fragments of two silver bracelets of different types,
a golden crescent-shaped pendant, a pendant with a cowrie shell core in a strap-setting, a belt buckle and strap end, and
more, all also placed in the urn. The buried person died in the age of senilis; according to the archaeological criteria, it
is the burial of a woman. The grave can be dated to subphase C1b.
central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age archaeology. It
is one of the richest graves of the so-called “Lübsow Group”
and contained high-quality objects of Roman origin and no
less high-quality artefacts of local production. At the beginning of the 21st century, amateur archaeologists discovered
pottery from the Early Roman Iron Age and several metal
finds at a distance of 250 metres from the burial, which
came from a settlement site that was contemporaneous with
the grave and has been excavated since 2005. Within the
framework of a Danish-German cooperation project, these
features are being examined. Simultaneously, the inventory
of the princely grave is also being reviewed – the results
of the antiquarian studies on the indigenous objects from
the tomb carried out separately can be presented here. The
examinations of the fibulae and the buckle as well as the
comparative analysis of the composition of the imported
vessels point entirely to a dating of the Hoby tomb to the
Claudian period, i. e. to subphase B1b
wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensgebieten von Sorin Cociş gehört, stammt die Silberfigur eines knienden, gefesselten Barbaren mit Suebenknoten. Sie gehört zu einer größeren Gruppe in Buntmetall gegossener Darstellungen von Männern mit nodus, die in verschiedenen Regionen des Römischen Reiches ‒ aus stadtrömischer Sicht ‒ jenseits
der Alpen gefunden wurden. Zu dieser Gruppe zählen auch Appliken von Gefäßen aus Kupferlegierung, die im Barbaricum zu Tage kamen. In drei Fällen (Mušov, Czarnówko, Kariv) sind die Gefäße erhalten, in einem Fall (Kulišejka) ist nur eine Attasche belegt. Die ehemaligen Besitzer dieser Stücke waren vermutlich in die Geschehnisse der Markomannenkriege involviert. Die Art der Darstellung der Büsten / Gesichter der vier Funde aus dem Barbaricum lässt, entgegen in der Literatur geäußerter Zweifel, nur den Schluss ihrer Herstellung in einer provinzialrömischen Werkstatt zu.
collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum in Stettin
were evacuated to selected sites for fear of bombardment
and the loss of cultural property, and left in the care
of trusted persons, mainly representatives of well-known
Pomeranian landowners. One of these removal sites was
the Moltow estate (today Mołtowo). The finds evacuated to
the property Moltow had been removed from the manor
house under unknown circumstances between the late
1940s and early 1970s. They prove that after the end of the
war they were preserved in good condition for at least a
few years in the place where have been deposited before
1945, and that they were probably scattered and partly
destroyed in the following years. In 2016, finds bearing
inventory numbers of the former Pommersches Landesmuseum
were discovered by chance in Mołtowo (the former
Moltow) in the area of a former sand pit used as a rubbish
dump. They were professionally recovered by employees of
the Muzeum Narodowe Szczecin and the Museum of Polish
Weaponry in Kołobrzeg. This collection also include finds
from three Early Roman Iron Age princely graves at Lübsow
(Lubieszewo). They are presented and described here
as a supplement to the monograph on the graves of Lübsow
published in 2010.
Caesar called “Germanic”, soon found themselves exposed to the expansionist urge of the imperial Mediterranean superpower, and the impact of the Roman advanced civilisation on the indigenous way of life was immense.!e outstanding grave goods, through which we can recognize members of Germanic elites, manifest themselves mainly in objects of Roman origin, but also in native equipment and elements of attire, which were either made entirely of precious metal or elaborately decorated with it. However, the mining of gold and silver, but also of tin and copper, was unknown to the Germanic tribes – at least according to today’s knowledge.The vast quantities of, for example, brooches, pins, buckles, strap ends, spurs or drinking horn fittings made of copper alloy or silver that have been found in graves prove that import of metal – of whatever kind – must have been constant and extensive.An economic system based on imports had to be steered and its control and the distribution of the raw material was the responsibility of the elites. Without their connections – of various kinds – with Rome, the rise of the elites
re#ected in the three groups of princely graves and the presentation of wealth and power would not have been possible; the dependence on Roman sources of supply is evident in any case.
situated found a brooch of copper alloy with the metal detector. The most striking feature of the specimen is its
long rhomboid foot, which is almost twice as long as the bow. A decisive factor in comparison with similar fibulae
with rhomboid foot is the fact that the footʼs part near the bow is narrow and the side edges run parallel to one
another here. The context of the brooch is unclear since until today there are no contemporaneous finds detected
at this site.
Due to shape of the fibula and stamp decoration there is no doubt that it is the product of a workshop existing
in the Migration Period. The stamp decoration fits that style that dominated the Baltic Sea area in the first half of
the 5th century AD – the Sösdala style. Closer and more distant parallels of the brooch are to be find wide-spread
in Northern, Central an Eastern Europe. Partly, they belong to the Kiew type according to M. Schulze-Dörrlamm
an, partly to her Ruuthsbo type, too. A number of comparable pieces also come from the expanse space of Ukraine
and Southwest Russia, from the Černjachov and Kiev culture territories. The best parallels come from the West
Balt Culture Circle and the Migration Period „post-Wielbark culture region“ in closer and further surroundings
of the Vistula estuary. Two brooches – from Dollkeim / Kovrovo (RUS) and Pruszcz Gdański, site 5 (PL) – are that
close to the Ostrowite specimen that we may group all this three fibulae together under the name Ostrowite group.
Obviously, those brooches were designed in Eastern Pomerania, but – as the other parallels proof – also have to
be seen in the context of a supra-regional style of the first half of the 5th c. AD.
art. Until now they were known mostly from the regions of the Western Balts and the neighbouring Wielbark culture in
the North-Eastern part of Central Europe. The interesting question where those brooches were created was discussed
broadly throughout many years. New finds – unfortunately all gathered by illegal metal detecting raids and offered for
sale – shed a new light on the issue. Found at the Ukraine they show that the appearance of bulls-head brooches has to
be seen in a broader, supra-cultural context. All specimen can be dated in a relatively short period of 60 – 70 years in the
time before and after 200 AD. The same applies to so-called duck brooches that were known from a few sites only. All
new-found brooches were offered for sale at East European web sites. In the second part of the paper I discussed the
problem, how archaeology should treat such finds
a very well-equipped grave was discovered that deserves to be called ‘princely’. It is the eleventh grave of this type in the
cemetery. Feature 1927 is a cremation grave which was re-opened in antiquity. The urn contained fragments of two Roman
vessels: a bucket of copper alloy and a badly melted glass cup or goblet. Despite the cremation, the set of personal
objects is rich. It includes a brooch typical of the Wielbark Culture, fragments of two silver bracelets of different types,
a golden crescent-shaped pendant, a pendant with a cowrie shell core in a strap-setting, a belt buckle and strap end, and
more, all also placed in the urn. The buried person died in the age of senilis; according to the archaeological criteria, it
is the burial of a woman. The grave can be dated to subphase C1b.
central feature of the EarlyRoman Iron Age archaeology. It
is one of the richest graves of the so-called “Lübsow Group”
and contained high-quality objects of Roman origin and no
less high-quality artefacts of local production. At the beginning of the 21st century, amateur archaeologists discovered
pottery from the Early Roman Iron Age and several metal
finds at a distance of 250 metres from the burial, which
came from a settlement site that was contemporaneous with
the grave and has been excavated since 2005. Within the
framework of a Danish-German cooperation project, these
features are being examined. Simultaneously, the inventory
of the princely grave is also being reviewed – the results
of the antiquarian studies on the indigenous objects from
the tomb carried out separately can be presented here. The
examinations of the fibulae and the buckle as well as the
comparative analysis of the composition of the imported
vessels point entirely to a dating of the Hoby tomb to the
Claudian period, i. e. to subphase B1b
wissenschaftlichen Hauptinteressensgebieten von Sorin Cociş gehört, stammt die Silberfigur eines knienden, gefesselten Barbaren mit Suebenknoten. Sie gehört zu einer größeren Gruppe in Buntmetall gegossener Darstellungen von Männern mit nodus, die in verschiedenen Regionen des Römischen Reiches ‒ aus stadtrömischer Sicht ‒ jenseits
der Alpen gefunden wurden. Zu dieser Gruppe zählen auch Appliken von Gefäßen aus Kupferlegierung, die im Barbaricum zu Tage kamen. In drei Fällen (Mušov, Czarnówko, Kariv) sind die Gefäße erhalten, in einem Fall (Kulišejka) ist nur eine Attasche belegt. Die ehemaligen Besitzer dieser Stücke waren vermutlich in die Geschehnisse der Markomannenkriege involviert. Die Art der Darstellung der Büsten / Gesichter der vier Funde aus dem Barbaricum lässt, entgegen in der Literatur geäußerter Zweifel, nur den Schluss ihrer Herstellung in einer provinzialrömischen Werkstatt zu.
collection of the Pommersches Landesmuseum in Stettin
were evacuated to selected sites for fear of bombardment
and the loss of cultural property, and left in the care
of trusted persons, mainly representatives of well-known
Pomeranian landowners. One of these removal sites was
the Moltow estate (today Mołtowo). The finds evacuated to
the property Moltow had been removed from the manor
house under unknown circumstances between the late
1940s and early 1970s. They prove that after the end of the
war they were preserved in good condition for at least a
few years in the place where have been deposited before
1945, and that they were probably scattered and partly
destroyed in the following years. In 2016, finds bearing
inventory numbers of the former Pommersches Landesmuseum
were discovered by chance in Mołtowo (the former
Moltow) in the area of a former sand pit used as a rubbish
dump. They were professionally recovered by employees of
the Muzeum Narodowe Szczecin and the Museum of Polish
Weaponry in Kołobrzeg. This collection also include finds
from three Early Roman Iron Age princely graves at Lübsow
(Lubieszewo). They are presented and described here
as a supplement to the monograph on the graves of Lübsow
published in 2010.
Caesar called “Germanic”, soon found themselves exposed to the expansionist urge of the imperial Mediterranean superpower, and the impact of the Roman advanced civilisation on the indigenous way of life was immense.!e outstanding grave goods, through which we can recognize members of Germanic elites, manifest themselves mainly in objects of Roman origin, but also in native equipment and elements of attire, which were either made entirely of precious metal or elaborately decorated with it. However, the mining of gold and silver, but also of tin and copper, was unknown to the Germanic tribes – at least according to today’s knowledge.The vast quantities of, for example, brooches, pins, buckles, strap ends, spurs or drinking horn fittings made of copper alloy or silver that have been found in graves prove that import of metal – of whatever kind – must have been constant and extensive.An economic system based on imports had to be steered and its control and the distribution of the raw material was the responsibility of the elites. Without their connections – of various kinds – with Rome, the rise of the elites
re#ected in the three groups of princely graves and the presentation of wealth and power would not have been possible; the dependence on Roman sources of supply is evident in any case.
situated found a brooch of copper alloy with the metal detector. The most striking feature of the specimen is its
long rhomboid foot, which is almost twice as long as the bow. A decisive factor in comparison with similar fibulae
with rhomboid foot is the fact that the footʼs part near the bow is narrow and the side edges run parallel to one
another here. The context of the brooch is unclear since until today there are no contemporaneous finds detected
at this site.
Due to shape of the fibula and stamp decoration there is no doubt that it is the product of a workshop existing
in the Migration Period. The stamp decoration fits that style that dominated the Baltic Sea area in the first half of
the 5th century AD – the Sösdala style. Closer and more distant parallels of the brooch are to be find wide-spread
in Northern, Central an Eastern Europe. Partly, they belong to the Kiew type according to M. Schulze-Dörrlamm
an, partly to her Ruuthsbo type, too. A number of comparable pieces also come from the expanse space of Ukraine
and Southwest Russia, from the Černjachov and Kiev culture territories. The best parallels come from the West
Balt Culture Circle and the Migration Period „post-Wielbark culture region“ in closer and further surroundings
of the Vistula estuary. Two brooches – from Dollkeim / Kovrovo (RUS) and Pruszcz Gdański, site 5 (PL) – are that
close to the Ostrowite specimen that we may group all this three fibulae together under the name Ostrowite group.
Obviously, those brooches were designed in Eastern Pomerania, but – as the other parallels proof – also have to
be seen in the context of a supra-regional style of the first half of the 5th c. AD.
art. Until now they were known mostly from the regions of the Western Balts and the neighbouring Wielbark culture in
the North-Eastern part of Central Europe. The interesting question where those brooches were created was discussed
broadly throughout many years. New finds – unfortunately all gathered by illegal metal detecting raids and offered for
sale – shed a new light on the issue. Found at the Ukraine they show that the appearance of bulls-head brooches has to
be seen in a broader, supra-cultural context. All specimen can be dated in a relatively short period of 60 – 70 years in the
time before and after 200 AD. The same applies to so-called duck brooches that were known from a few sites only. All
new-found brooches were offered for sale at East European web sites. In the second part of the paper I discussed the
problem, how archaeology should treat such finds
Both aspects mentioned in the title, which are in the focus of the planned workshop, were set out by Bertil Ålmgren in his research historical retrospection concentrating on the 1960ies as central motif which eventually helped Hans Hildebrand and Oscar Montelius, on order by Bror Hildebrand, to sort the prehistoric antiquities of the prehistoric museum of Stockholm according to a comprehensible methodology. Almost 150 years of intense research and of exponential growth of finds has changed little for these two objectives. Which potential provide the systematic registration of (not only) Iron Age finds? Where are the (practical) limits of an archaeological register? And last, but not least, how can new media help bridging theoretical and practical problems?
The first part „(…) a completely amorphous mass of finds (…)” approaches the issue of an archaeological register and the connected system from a theoretical, research-historical but also practical and heritage management orientated point of view in order to close in on the topic. Karl Kersten as the main actor in the early archaeological research in Schleswig-Holstein still aspired to a complete register of e.g. Iron Age finds until about the end of the 1970ies and the early 1980ies, but challenges have shifted since. The past few decades also witnessed besides a chronological spreading of the archaeological field of work (from the Paleolithic till contemporary archaeology) considerable emergence of the field of work data and thus to a massive engagement of resources. As a consequence of this an exponential growth of finds challenges both, the archaeological heritage conservation and the processing in museums, and affects further the research by diverse universities and not university based research institutions.
What should be and what has to be collected? In order to answer these questions the state archaeological heritage management has aspired to practical solutions, as our precursors did in late 90th century.
The present concept will be presented in the second section „(…) to be sorted according to an ultimately practical principle (…)”. The approach is to be seen before the backdrop of various practical constraints. On the one hand there is a massive increase of metal finds, not at least because of the work with metal detectors following the so called Schleswig model. On the other hand this material has to be secured and registered by the State Archaeological Department and the State Archaeological Museum. All this is supposed to be managed in an effective and work and time saving way also considering that the results should be available for research. The approach will be explained using the example of the Iron Age finds procured by the use of metal detectors in order to examine the suitability for daily use as well as the impacts on possible research problems.