ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL)

Marcius Hollanda Pereira da Rocha (PUC) marcius@rdc.puc-rio.br Em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo e ávido por soluções padronizadas e reutilizáveis, o gerenciamento de projetos clássico preconiza que as práticas de gestão de projetos... more

Marcius Hollanda Pereira da Rocha (PUC) marcius@rdc.puc-rio.br A realização de um evento como os XV Jogos Pan-americanos Rio 2007 suscita vários questionamentos, principalmente, quando se fala em gerenciamento de projetos. Um ponto de... more

Resumo Em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo e ávido por soluções padronizadas e reutilizáveis, o gerenciamento de projetos clássico preconiza que as práticas de gestão de projetos podem ser utilizadas em qualquer tipo de projeto ao... more

The present research project has the aim to assess how consumers perceive EU quality labels: (PDO: Product designation of origin; PGI: Protected Geographical Indication and TSG: Traditional Speciality Guaranteed) labelled food and how... more

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- by Luis Miguel
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- 3
  Marketing, Consumer Behavior, Food Choice

Leadership is an enthralling theme to investigators and professionals from all sectors of activity. It was considered a key topic in labour relations (Razi et al, 2012), as it was understood that the applied style of leadership might... more

Leadership is an enthralling theme to investigators and professionals from all sectors of activity. It was considered a key topic in labour relations (Razi et al, 2012), as it was understood that the applied style of leadership might trigger labour conflicts. In addition, many underlying aspects of the subject matter have generated fierce debate such as the personal and/or professional incompatibilities between the leader and his/her followers, the co-existence of formal and informal leaderships, not to mention the integration of the different styles of leadership across the organizational structure of an organization. There are several contributions and theories on the subject from many investigators, authors and professionals each representing a particular view on how leadership should be perceived. Many views coincide with each other, while others look at the topic from different angles and suggest alternatives ways of conceiving leadership. Considering today’s propensity for the evolution of the views on leadership and, thus, the adoption of alternative ways of acting and relating to the environment around us (Crossen, 2012), the aim of this dissertation is to explore new ways of looking at leadership and, in doing that, answer the question what key elements and factors do influence the quality (and effectiveness) of leading a team? The methodology chosen was a combination of methods – “desk research” and “primary research”. In a first instance, the research approach was deductive, as it involved searching and seeing what others have said about the subject (thus, starting from a general point of view) and, progressively, moving into the more specifics. In this process, two main trends of thinking were identified: one that traditionally perceives leadership as depending on the personal and innate characteristics of the individual (Fachada, 1998; Parreira, 2000), and a second one that conceives leadership as largely depending on the social learning from the individual – also known as the process of leadership approach (Parreira, 2000). In a second instance, primary research was used to collect information from a previously designated sample (from Wipro BPO enterprise) to confirm whether (i) leaders in the real world had the key attributes spotted by the desk research and (ii), more decisive, applied the 5 main theories that fall in the process of leadership approach: Emotional Intelligence (Goleman, 2000), Six Styles of Leadership (Goleman, 2000), Quintessential Leadership (Doyle, 2006), Model of Team Development (Tuckman, 1965) and Self-Monitoring (Lennox & Wolfe, 1984). Findings show that the central factor playing a decisive role in the quality and effectiveness of leading a team is Emotional Intelligence (EI). Further, a leader will not be able to improve, develop and potentiate his/her (i) EI, (ii) options of Leadership Styles, (iii) Quintessential and (iv) Team Development attributes, if he/she does not use another key element – the Self-Monitoring tool. This decoding resulted in the proposal of an alternative model of leadership. The implications of the conducted research for practice is that any leader (or any person aspiring to become one) who is trying to improve, develop and potentiate his/her leadership condition must vigilantly work on some key important factors, which are closely co-related and interdependent.

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- by João Miguel O Cotrim and +1
  Oliveira Cotrim
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- 8
  Management, Leadership, Human Resource Management, Strategic Human Resource Management

The Sharing Economy (SE) has been growing at an impressive rate across the globe (Cohen & Kietzmann, 2014) and emerging as an innovative and rapidly growing sector of the economy (Hira & Reilly, 2017), which attracted the attention of the... more

The Sharing Economy (SE) has been growing at an impressive rate across the globe (Cohen & Kietzmann, 2014) and emerging as an innovative and rapidly growing sector of the economy (Hira & Reilly, 2017), which attracted the attention of the scientific community. An increasing number of studies have been brought to light helping to document and analyze how SE manifests and evolves across economic systems, thus, contributing to refine and recast existing management theory (Mair & Reischauer, 2017). Nevertheless, there still is a lack of a common understanding of SE and its underlying mechanisms (Knote & Blohm, 2016). As an emergent category, SE has been contoured by being a mutant process, as it has been crafted by multiple and distinct temporal identity and legitimacy events, mechanisms and claims. Showing signs of being an ongoing process of evolution, there is a constant need for further research to identify developments in the evolution of SE considering both identify claims (self-referential) and legitimacy (granted by stakeholders), which would offer additional comprehension about the SE phenomenon. The research addresses it by studying what is the role of SE in establishing the identity of organizations belonging to the field, considering both identify claims (self-referential) and legitimacy (granted by stakeholders)? To answer the research question, the research was designed involving two components inspired on category creation studies (Durand): 1) four prototypical SE organizations were selected, each of them belonging to Schor's (2014) four SE archetypes of activities: (i) Airbnb – peer-to-peer, for-profit activity –, (ii) Zipcar – business-to-peer, for-profit activity –, (iii) TimeBanks – peer-to-peer, non-profit – and (iv) Make: makerspaces – business-to-peer, non-profit. The content of the evolution of their identity claims was analyzed, using data from their public available reports, as well as, other secondary data available on-line; and 2) considering the same set of SE organizations, legitimacy evolution was analyzed considering how scientific community, investors, customers, media, other analysts and other interested audiences have been constructing category meaning to them, conferring the formation of SE categorical and organizational identities, and perceptions about the viability of their business models (Tripsas, 2009, as cited in Navis & Glynn, 2010). In short, it was analyzed how stakeholders assess the viability of SE categories and organizations and can grant or withhold legitimacy to SE organizations (Zuckerman, 1999, as cited in Navis & Glynn, 2010). This research presents a new layer on framing a detailed understanding of the SE field in its maturing dimension, thus, meeting Mair's and Reischauer's (2017) call for studying the SE, unpack and make sense of an inspiring and complex phenomenon and thereby advancing and sophisticate the existing theory.

The sharing economy is an emerging niche for innovation capable of disrupting established socio-technical and economic regimes. Because of this potential to cause radical changes in a wide array of domains, research in multiple... more

The sharing economy is an emerging niche for innovation capable of disrupting established socio-technical and economic regimes. Because of this potential to cause radical changes in a wide array of domains, research in multiple disciplines addressing various aspects entailing this phenomenon is proliferating. In this emerging body of literature, the understanding and framing of the sharing economy are often different. Without knowledge about the current state of the research related to the sharing economy, delineating research trends, gaps, and needs for directing effectively primary research are not possible. This study aimed to synthesize the state and distribution of existing publications related to the sharing economy in multiple disciplines. We used the systematic mapping technique to scope, identify, and classify the publications at a fine level of granularity. We reviewed 589 journal articles (published from 1978 to 2017), and 454 met the selection criteria. The journal articles reviewed were published in 284 different journals. Intriguingly, 15 journals published five to 13 publications each and 221 journals had a single article about the topic. Journals belonging to the subject areas “business, management and accounting” (42.1%) and “social sciences” (35.2%) published more than 70% of the reviewed publications. Accommodation (19.8%) and car and ridesharing (17.2%) were the two most prominent sectors; 50.2% of the publications addressed C2C transactions (10.6% B2C, 24.4% more than one type); 62.3% were about accessing resources, and 5.1% concerned transfer of ownership (i.e., second-hand or donation); and 19.2% covered access and transfer of ownership simultaneously. While empirical studies were the majority (53.1%, when comparing with conceptual ones), qualitative approaches were most common (51.5% against 24.9% quantitative and 17.4% mixed methods). Literature review (22.9%), survey (13.2%), case study (7.3%) and interview (7%) were the most frequently used methods. User behavior (26.4%), business models and organizational aspects (22.7%), institution and governance system (18.7%), conceptualization matters (17%), and sustainability evaluation (15.3%) are research clusters identified from a grounded approach. The link between user behavior and net environmental impacts of sharing options was the largest gap found in the research needing attention from a sustainability perspective. Accordingly, multidisciplinary investigations quantifying behavioral root causes, magnitude, and likelihood of environmental rebound effects using real-world data are strongly encouraged.

The sharing economy (SE) has drawn significant attention from several society stakeholders in the last five years. While business actors are interested in financial opportunities to meet consumer needs, new business models, academia and... more

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- by João Miguel O Cotrim
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- The Sharing Economy

Management

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