Psychotherapy covers a wide field and no single paper can deal with it all, but what this paper c... more Psychotherapy covers a wide field and no single paper can deal with it all, but what this paper can do is consider the differences between psychiatry, now still in ascendent, and the former. By doing so hopefully light can be thrown onto both. Although apparently connected,
This paper considers psychiatry within the context of American oriented business philosophy, mark... more This paper considers psychiatry within the context of American oriented business philosophy, marketing and consumerism. The scientific nature of psychiatry will be considered not within the medical field but within social transactions connected to business development. Modern psychiatry is here seen as an American invention based on business motivations within the USA becoming the grand concern it is today. This paper claims that
I found him. .. extremely capable, possessed of a refreshingly alert intellectual capacity and an... more I found him. .. extremely capable, possessed of a refreshingly alert intellectual capacity and an ability to think independently. Mr. Kerouac adds to these qualifications a distinctly engaging personality which makes him win friends easily. He is a young man of fine moral character and good breeding. His selfreliance and resourcefulness have been demonstrated by his ability to fend for himself, and give evidence of the qualities of leadership you are undoubtedly seeking among your candidates.
This project concerns the introduction of drugs, medical and recreational, into the public imagin... more This project concerns the introduction of drugs, medical and recreational, into the public imagination through creative processes and creative individuals that occurred after WW2. The sociological and political developments will be considered alongside the serendipitous emergence of drug therapies utilised up to the present under the guise of scientific examination. Its other main concern is the nature of psychiatric diagnosis with its emphasis on negative estimates. It will specifically focus on Jack Kerouac, and detail his experiences in a psychiatric hospital as a consequence of a tortuous brief period in the American army. Kerouac’s military files were released into the public sector in 2005 by the National Personnel Records Centre, in St Louis, Missouri, and since then academic interest has been on the enormous amount of information Kerouac’s file contains, demonstrating an unusual, for the period, examination of an individual. As Kerouac perceived himself as a deeply individualistic personality, this seems appropriate. More so as the writer was part of an artistic group intent on preserving individualism, and acting it out publicly, at a time of excessive conformity. Drugs therapies, which were about to emerge as the preferred treatment method for mental illness, were also, I suggest, a product of this time. The introduction of psychotropic drugs into psychiatry and for a while ordinary life was both accident and a deliberate business plan. By this time, nothing had worked and although psychiatry had identified a number of mental illnesses through symptoms, and, even though they paraded the efficiency of their treatments, nothing worked
The symbolic nature of the Moses and Exodus narratives, indicating conversion to a law-based soci... more The symbolic nature of the Moses and Exodus narratives, indicating conversion to a law-based society at the time of Persian rule.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 2, 2013
In Britain, unlike on the continent, and the USA from the offset care and delineation of the mad ... more In Britain, unlike on the continent, and the USA from the offset care and delineation of the mad was in the hands of businessmen and charlatans whose views were nevertheless listened to and adhered to. Why?
There remains uncertainty as to the real nature of pre-Islamic Arabian society, Islamic portrayal... more There remains uncertainty as to the real nature of pre-Islamic Arabian society, Islamic portrayals of this period appearing to be part of the polemics against paganism, and with the paucity of information available it is difficult to establish the nature of slavery there.
The idea of three gods or three aspects of gods is commonly found, even if on occasion it means l... more The idea of three gods or three aspects of gods is commonly found, even if on occasion it means looking hard to find this arrangement. It is implicit in the three in one of Roman Catholicism and the Allah, Qur'an and Muhammad triad of Islam. At first glance, these Triads mean more than they appear to.
This paper considers how constructs of health and care emerged within ancient cultures, developin... more This paper considers how constructs of health and care emerged within ancient cultures, developing into early examples of modern health care in the Christian societies of Cappadocia in the 4 th century CE. The idea of the obtainment of health, or an ideal of health alongside an imagined optimum through physician based practices, is generally thought to have emerged fairly recently in western societies but that is not the case as in fact it evolved as a longstanding if never fully realised ideal from much earlier times. Constructs of health and care appeared gradually through both religious and
This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the co... more This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the construction of the early umma through the female body and female sexuality, the real or suggested growth of Muhammad's status, attempting to discover they add to or limit our understanding of early Islam. This remains an historical investigation. In this endeavour, Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali 2 will be employed as well as an anonymous author or authors of Islamic Studies 3. Surah 33 supposedly contains a description of the Battle of the Trench when a Meccan based confederation attacked Medina, intending to destroy both Muhammad and the Believers. Doubt will be thrown on the historical nature of this event. This article is in seven parts, covering also the role of women in early Islam, the nature of conflict for Islam, challenging the literal nature of Qur'anic text, while explicating a symbolic tendency. It places the text in the Middle Eastern and Arabian environment in which it evolved pointing out similar societies elsewhere and also its anthropological rather than moral scope. Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali reasons that Surah 33 judges Muhammad on his leadership qualities, although as the surah were ostensibly written by Muhammad this does not necessarily provide a recommendation. Caesar in his commentaries at length convinced people of his strategic and tactical qualities as by and large no one else questioned them. Muhammad's credentials are at all times self-avowed. Although it provides insights into the earliest history of the umma, it also provides interesting verses 1 1 https://www.islamicstudies.info/tafheem.php?sura=33&verse=9&to=11 2
Psychotherapy covers a wide field and no single paper can deal with it all, but what this paper c... more Psychotherapy covers a wide field and no single paper can deal with it all, but what this paper can do is consider the differences between psychiatry, now still in ascendent, and the former. By doing so hopefully light can be thrown onto both. Although apparently connected,
This paper considers psychiatry within the context of American oriented business philosophy, mark... more This paper considers psychiatry within the context of American oriented business philosophy, marketing and consumerism. The scientific nature of psychiatry will be considered not within the medical field but within social transactions connected to business development. Modern psychiatry is here seen as an American invention based on business motivations within the USA becoming the grand concern it is today. This paper claims that
I found him. .. extremely capable, possessed of a refreshingly alert intellectual capacity and an... more I found him. .. extremely capable, possessed of a refreshingly alert intellectual capacity and an ability to think independently. Mr. Kerouac adds to these qualifications a distinctly engaging personality which makes him win friends easily. He is a young man of fine moral character and good breeding. His selfreliance and resourcefulness have been demonstrated by his ability to fend for himself, and give evidence of the qualities of leadership you are undoubtedly seeking among your candidates.
This project concerns the introduction of drugs, medical and recreational, into the public imagin... more This project concerns the introduction of drugs, medical and recreational, into the public imagination through creative processes and creative individuals that occurred after WW2. The sociological and political developments will be considered alongside the serendipitous emergence of drug therapies utilised up to the present under the guise of scientific examination. Its other main concern is the nature of psychiatric diagnosis with its emphasis on negative estimates. It will specifically focus on Jack Kerouac, and detail his experiences in a psychiatric hospital as a consequence of a tortuous brief period in the American army. Kerouac’s military files were released into the public sector in 2005 by the National Personnel Records Centre, in St Louis, Missouri, and since then academic interest has been on the enormous amount of information Kerouac’s file contains, demonstrating an unusual, for the period, examination of an individual. As Kerouac perceived himself as a deeply individualistic personality, this seems appropriate. More so as the writer was part of an artistic group intent on preserving individualism, and acting it out publicly, at a time of excessive conformity. Drugs therapies, which were about to emerge as the preferred treatment method for mental illness, were also, I suggest, a product of this time. The introduction of psychotropic drugs into psychiatry and for a while ordinary life was both accident and a deliberate business plan. By this time, nothing had worked and although psychiatry had identified a number of mental illnesses through symptoms, and, even though they paraded the efficiency of their treatments, nothing worked
The symbolic nature of the Moses and Exodus narratives, indicating conversion to a law-based soci... more The symbolic nature of the Moses and Exodus narratives, indicating conversion to a law-based society at the time of Persian rule.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Dec 2, 2013
In Britain, unlike on the continent, and the USA from the offset care and delineation of the mad ... more In Britain, unlike on the continent, and the USA from the offset care and delineation of the mad was in the hands of businessmen and charlatans whose views were nevertheless listened to and adhered to. Why?
There remains uncertainty as to the real nature of pre-Islamic Arabian society, Islamic portrayal... more There remains uncertainty as to the real nature of pre-Islamic Arabian society, Islamic portrayals of this period appearing to be part of the polemics against paganism, and with the paucity of information available it is difficult to establish the nature of slavery there.
The idea of three gods or three aspects of gods is commonly found, even if on occasion it means l... more The idea of three gods or three aspects of gods is commonly found, even if on occasion it means looking hard to find this arrangement. It is implicit in the three in one of Roman Catholicism and the Allah, Qur'an and Muhammad triad of Islam. At first glance, these Triads mean more than they appear to.
This paper considers how constructs of health and care emerged within ancient cultures, developin... more This paper considers how constructs of health and care emerged within ancient cultures, developing into early examples of modern health care in the Christian societies of Cappadocia in the 4 th century CE. The idea of the obtainment of health, or an ideal of health alongside an imagined optimum through physician based practices, is generally thought to have emerged fairly recently in western societies but that is not the case as in fact it evolved as a longstanding if never fully realised ideal from much earlier times. Constructs of health and care appeared gradually through both religious and
This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the co... more This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the construction of the early umma through the female body and female sexuality, the real or suggested growth of Muhammad's status, attempting to discover they add to or limit our understanding of early Islam. This remains an historical investigation. In this endeavour, Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali 2 will be employed as well as an anonymous author or authors of Islamic Studies 3. Surah 33 supposedly contains a description of the Battle of the Trench when a Meccan based confederation attacked Medina, intending to destroy both Muhammad and the Believers. Doubt will be thrown on the historical nature of this event. This article is in seven parts, covering also the role of women in early Islam, the nature of conflict for Islam, challenging the literal nature of Qur'anic text, while explicating a symbolic tendency. It places the text in the Middle Eastern and Arabian environment in which it evolved pointing out similar societies elsewhere and also its anthropological rather than moral scope. Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali reasons that Surah 33 judges Muhammad on his leadership qualities, although as the surah were ostensibly written by Muhammad this does not necessarily provide a recommendation. Caesar in his commentaries at length convinced people of his strategic and tactical qualities as by and large no one else questioned them. Muhammad's credentials are at all times self-avowed. Although it provides insights into the earliest history of the umma, it also provides interesting verses 1 1 https://www.islamicstudies.info/tafheem.php?sura=33&verse=9&to=11 2
Fake news on the Russian/Ukrainian war has been arriving on Academia by individuals in the pay of... more Fake news on the Russian/Ukrainian war has been arriving on Academia by individuals in the pay of Russia.
ISIS began as Aset or Eset, a minor deity, the wife and sister of Osiris, and mother of Horus. Sh... more ISIS began as Aset or Eset, a minor deity, the wife and sister of Osiris, and mother of Horus. She was Nut's and Geb's daughter and the sister of the dark, dangerous goddess Nebt-het, or Nephthys. While Aset was married to the hero Osiris, Nephthys, her twin, was married to his counterpart, Set. This duality of roles and characteristics can be seen in Jesus and Satan, but integral in one form in Inanna, Ishtar. 1 The competition and wars between the two elements of the same divine family may also reflect the pre-Dynastic political structure of Lower and Upper Egypt, although in the Osiris/Set/Horus and Isis myths it is presented as dynastic.
This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the co... more This paper considers the historical relevance of Surah 33 and 24, which deals with war and the construction of the early umma through the female body and female sexuality, the real or suggested growth of Muhammad's status, attempting to discover they add to or limit our understanding of early Islam. This remains an historical investigation. In this endeavour, Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali 2 will be employed as well as an anonymous author or authors of Islamic Studies 3. Surah 33 supposedly contains a description of the Battle of the Trench when a Meccan based confederation attacked Medina, intending to destroy both Muhammad and the Believers. Doubt will be thrown on the historical nature of this event. This article is in seven parts, covering also the role of women in early Islam, the nature of conflict for Islam, challenging the literal nature of Qur'anic text, while explicating a symbolic tendency. It places the text in the Middle Eastern and Arabian environment in which it evolved pointing out similar societies elsewhere and also its anthropological rather than moral scope. Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali reasons that Surah 33 judges Muhammad on his leadership qualities, although as the surah were ostensibly written by Muhammad this does not necessarily provide a recommendation. Caesar in his commentaries at length convinced people of his strategic and tactical qualities as by and large no one else questioned them. Muhammad's credentials are at all times self-avowed. Although it provides insights into the earliest history of the umma, it also provides interesting verses 1 1 https://www.islamicstudies.info/tafheem.php?sura=33&verse=9&to=11 2
Was the Believer phenomenon a local transformation in a land thinly exploited by monotheism, or a... more Was the Believer phenomenon a local transformation in a land thinly exploited by monotheism, or a deliberate ontological change meant to challenge Judaism and Christianity that altered the purpose of monotheism, a scythe to eradicate paganism, and inculcate constructions of sin and forgiveness through conversion, intending thereby to change the past by inserting new myths in order to reconstruct the future. Does the Qur'an merely seek to insinuate the conclusions of a group of Arabian prophets, poets and religious thinkers to create an ethnic monotheism, or is there really a mighty god called Allah who was really YHWH, with a different path to the present than YHWH? Have we here a number of realities active with varying backstories preserved through intense literature rather than genuine history? This paper begins with the contested identity of Noah and primarily imagined catastrophes situated in the reality of the Biblical past. In the end, who owns the past, religion and its subjective, politicised and driven myths or the intellectual scope of historians? The Qur'an and Muhammad's career can be considered within the terms of political changes to the north, the sacking of Jerusalem by the Sasanian Persians. But proclaiming the coming end of the world is the ultimate vision, which makes it all the more 1 E 2 5 remarkable that the Qur'an refused to frame Mu ammad's prognostication in mantic terms-or,more accurately, that it was not feasible in the early stages of his career to do so. The preacherof the Qur'an was a mere messenger, with a limited mandate; the Qur'an might prese 1 E 2 5 nt the Hebrew prophets as a model, but Mu ammad could not yet be one of them. The ministry of Muhammad is thus oddly restricted and circumscribed: he has no miracles, he is not part of a line of prophets from his own people, he can't prognosticate, and he is incapable of affecting anything. This limited role is undoubtedly partly because there was no natural setting for his mission, neither a polity to reform nor a king to inveigh against, nor an Israelite cult through to which claim authority.-Walid Saleh, "The Preacher of the Meccan Qur'an"1 The composing of the Qur'an in Arabic allowed for the Believer/Islamic religion to spread quickly, aided also by its incursions into the Near East, Africa and the Middle East where Arab speakers were often in the majority. They could identify with the book more readily, even though the Arabic script employed was archaic. The use of known 3 1
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