Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics i... more Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics is needed for dry regions around the globe. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance and stability of eight durum wheat genotypes varying in their kernel characteristics across 15 contrasting environments. The tested material included three recombinant inbred lines (NUR-072, NUR-106 and NUR-238) derived from a cross between Norsi, a Jordanian landrace with special kernel characteristics and UC1113 Yr36+Gpc-B1, an elite line from USA. Field trials were carried out for three constitutive growing seasons under rainfed conditions, except for three environments where supplementary irrigation was provided. After the harvest, grain yield (GY), total yield (TW), and harvest index (HI) were recorded. Additionally, several kernel-related traits, including thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel area (KA), kernel width (KW), kernel length (KL), kernel circularity (KC), and kernel length...
This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding by different corn silage (CS) pro... more This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding by different corn silage (CS) proportions on ewes milk yield and fatty acids composition. Twenty-one lactating Assaf ewes were divided into 3 groups (7 ewes each). The following dietary treatments based on increasing the proportion of CS in the total mixed ratio (TMR) were tested; (1) 47 % AH (0 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 0 % CS, (2) 23.5 % AH (23.5 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 50 % CS, and (3) 0 % AH (47 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 100 % CS. After 8 weeks of feeding, the type of diet had no significant effect on milk yield and solid; however, it significantly affects the milk fat. The levels of C8:0 and C14:0 were not affected by different silage levels. While the C10:0 and C12:0 significantly increased when fed on a 100 % CS diet. However, a significantly lower level of C16:0 (33.22 %) was observed in the 100 % CS compared to feeding on silage at 50 and 0 % (40.66 and 37.98 %, respectively). Similar trend was...
The current work investigates the impact of postharvest applications of CaCl2 in combination with... more The current work investigates the impact of postharvest applications of CaCl2 in combination with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage on the quality parameters and storability of tomato fruit (Izmir variety) at ambient storage conditions (21±1°C, RH 45% ± 2). The tomato fruits were dipped in 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes and then coated with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes. During the time-course of storage, the fruit attributes, such as fresh fruit weight loss, fruit decay, firmness, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, and color development were assessed. The results revealed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of fruit postharvest treatment with 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes combined with postharvest coating treatments with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes on reducing fruit fresh weight loss, and decay percent of fruits. Fruit firmness, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids content (TSS) were preserved compared with untre...
Background: A laboratory bioassay study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro pathogenicity of d... more Background: A laboratory bioassay study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro pathogenicity of different isolates of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and L. lecanii, against the adults of black bean aphid. Methods: The PCR-based method was used to identify the different isolates molecularly using sequence information from the ITS region. The total genomic DNA of the 19 fungal isolates was recovered from aphid cadavers using CTAB. The amplified DNA using QRT-PCR showed no significant differences in the ANOVA that tested mean cycle threshold (CT) values from the control. Post-molecular identification of the isolated entomopathogen was approved. The single discriminative concentration bioassay was carried out to determine LT50 values for each of twelve isolates to determine the most virulent for further studies. Result: LT50 values for B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and V. lecanii isolates varied from 110-113, 71-75 and 64-77 h, respectively. B. bassiana isolate BBK2, M. anisopliae isolate MAA2...
Oviposition behaviour and host selection of different German strains of the egg parasitoid Tricho... more Oviposition behaviour and host selection of different German strains of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma aurosum Sugonjaev and Sorokina (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were examined on eggs of five Lepidopteran hosts (Cydia pomonella (L.), Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), Agrotis segetum (Schiff.) and Lobesia botrana (Den. and Schiff.)). The parasitization behaviour of individual female wasps was examined in choice and non-choice tests. Single female wasps were observed for 90 min. using a rectangular grid. Results from the choice test revealed that 75–90% of C. Pomonella eggs attacked by T. aurosum strains were successfully parasitized. Values for L. Botrana and for A. segetum ranged between 40–80% and 40–70%, respectively. No significant preference was found between C. Pomonella eggs and host eggs of both L. botrana and A. segetum. Time needed by the female wasps to drill on eggs of L. Botrana was shorter than the time needed for drilling on C. Pomone...
The use of crop varieties resistant or tolerant to insect pests or other stress factors is one ap... more The use of crop varieties resistant or tolerant to insect pests or other stress factors is one approach in non‐chemical crop‐protection. Knowledge of the biochemical and molecular background of insect–plant interactions is a prerequisite for optimizing breeding for resistance. However, the resistance genes involved in plant–aphid interactions have so far only been identified and characterized in very few plant species. Our work aims to elucidate the molecular and biochemical mechanisms involved in resistance of apple trees, Malus domestica L. (Rosaceae), against its primary aphid pest, the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Homoptera: Aphididae), which is considered a serious economic pest of apple. Gene expression in both resistant and susceptible apple cultivars after infestation with rosy apple aphids was investigated by employing the cDNA‐AFLP method (cDNA–Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). From approximately 12 500 cDNA fragments detected on polyacrylamid...
Aphids are one of the major pests attacking cultivation in the city of Tulkarm. Chemical control ... more Aphids are one of the major pests attacking cultivation in the city of Tulkarm. Chemical control often failed to reduce their numbersto a non damaging levels. Inorder to convertto organic production; we should know more about these pests andtheir naturally occurring antagonist; which is very essential in the integrated pest management programs. A field surveywas carried outin Tulkarm, in 2009 and 2010; on aphid species attacking vegetative crops and orchards. Thirty species of different natural enemies were recorded; fourteen Coccinellidae, two Anthocoridae and one Miridae, three Syrphidae, onespecies of each of Chrysopidae, Chamaemyiidae, and red soldier beetle. In addition tosix parasitoidspecies and one entomopathogenic fungi. Results are also presented by host aphids and by their host plant species.
Background: The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, A... more Background: The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Palestine under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Methods: To study the effect of NaCl on germination, fifty seeds in each treatment for each cultivar were germinated on a filter paper in petri dishes moistened with the different NaCl concentration levels (0.0, 50 and 100 mM ). To study the effect of NaCl on plant growth and productivity, 2 seeds per variety were grown in 10 liter pots filled with peat moss-sand. Pots were irrigated with the different NaCl levels. Result: The tested Chickpea cultivars showed different tolerance levels in response to NaCl stress levels. NaCl reduced final germination percentage (FGP) and germination index (GI). The highest plant height was obtained by Einalbeda (38.63 cm) in the control group, while the lowest one was found in Arij (28.25 cm) under 100 mM NaCl. NaCl did not affect root/shoot ratio in all genotypes. Red...
In this study, the impact of postharvest treatments with calcium chlo-ride (CaCl2) in-combination... more In this study, the impact of postharvest treatments with calcium chlo-ride (CaCl2) in-combination with postharvest coating treatments with plant natural substance arabic gum or cactus mucilage on the qua-lity and storage life of tomato fruits during cold storage (10 ± 1 °C, RH 85% ± 3) was evaluated. Results of dipping tomato fruits in 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes combined with postharvest coating treatments with either 10% Arabic gum or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes showed significant (p<0.05) higher value of fruit firmness, titratable acidity, reduce the percentage of weight loss and percent of decayed fruits. Treated fruits took longer to change color from pink to red compared with non-treated fruits. This study showed that dipping to-mato fruits in 6% CaCl2,orcoating with different natural substances alone or in combination with CaCl2, enhances tomato fruits' physical and chemical properties. Moreover, preserving tomato fruits can be preserved for a longer time compared wi...
Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics i... more Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics is needed for dry regions around the globe. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance and stability of eight durum wheat genotypes varying in their kernel characteristics across 15 contrasting environments. The tested material included three recombinant inbred lines (NUR-072, NUR-106 and NUR-238) derived from a cross between Norsi, a Jordanian landrace with special kernel characteristics and UC1113 Yr36+Gpc-B1, an elite line from USA. Field trials were carried out for three constitutive growing seasons under rainfed conditions, except for three environments where supplementary irrigation was provided. After the harvest, grain yield (GY), total yield (TW), and harvest index (HI) were recorded. Additionally, several kernel-related traits, including thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel area (KA), kernel width (KW), kernel length (KL), kernel circularity (KC), and kernel length...
This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding by different corn silage (CS) pro... more This study aimed to investigate the impact of feeding by different corn silage (CS) proportions on ewes milk yield and fatty acids composition. Twenty-one lactating Assaf ewes were divided into 3 groups (7 ewes each). The following dietary treatments based on increasing the proportion of CS in the total mixed ratio (TMR) were tested; (1) 47 % AH (0 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 0 % CS, (2) 23.5 % AH (23.5 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 50 % CS, and (3) 0 % AH (47 % CS in the TMR) correspond to 100 % CS. After 8 weeks of feeding, the type of diet had no significant effect on milk yield and solid; however, it significantly affects the milk fat. The levels of C8:0 and C14:0 were not affected by different silage levels. While the C10:0 and C12:0 significantly increased when fed on a 100 % CS diet. However, a significantly lower level of C16:0 (33.22 %) was observed in the 100 % CS compared to feeding on silage at 50 and 0 % (40.66 and 37.98 %, respectively). Similar trend was...
The current work investigates the impact of postharvest applications of CaCl2 in combination with... more The current work investigates the impact of postharvest applications of CaCl2 in combination with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage on the quality parameters and storability of tomato fruit (Izmir variety) at ambient storage conditions (21±1°C, RH 45% ± 2). The tomato fruits were dipped in 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes and then coated with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes. During the time-course of storage, the fruit attributes, such as fresh fruit weight loss, fruit decay, firmness, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, and color development were assessed. The results revealed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of fruit postharvest treatment with 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes combined with postharvest coating treatments with either 10% gum arabic or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes on reducing fruit fresh weight loss, and decay percent of fruits. Fruit firmness, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids content (TSS) were preserved compared with untre...
Background: A laboratory bioassay study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro pathogenicity of d... more Background: A laboratory bioassay study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro pathogenicity of different isolates of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and L. lecanii, against the adults of black bean aphid. Methods: The PCR-based method was used to identify the different isolates molecularly using sequence information from the ITS region. The total genomic DNA of the 19 fungal isolates was recovered from aphid cadavers using CTAB. The amplified DNA using QRT-PCR showed no significant differences in the ANOVA that tested mean cycle threshold (CT) values from the control. Post-molecular identification of the isolated entomopathogen was approved. The single discriminative concentration bioassay was carried out to determine LT50 values for each of twelve isolates to determine the most virulent for further studies. Result: LT50 values for B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and V. lecanii isolates varied from 110-113, 71-75 and 64-77 h, respectively. B. bassiana isolate BBK2, M. anisopliae isolate MAA2...
Oviposition behaviour and host selection of different German strains of the egg parasitoid Tricho... more Oviposition behaviour and host selection of different German strains of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma aurosum Sugonjaev and Sorokina (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were examined on eggs of five Lepidopteran hosts (Cydia pomonella (L.), Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), Agrotis segetum (Schiff.) and Lobesia botrana (Den. and Schiff.)). The parasitization behaviour of individual female wasps was examined in choice and non-choice tests. Single female wasps were observed for 90 min. using a rectangular grid. Results from the choice test revealed that 75–90% of C. Pomonella eggs attacked by T. aurosum strains were successfully parasitized. Values for L. Botrana and for A. segetum ranged between 40–80% and 40–70%, respectively. No significant preference was found between C. Pomonella eggs and host eggs of both L. botrana and A. segetum. Time needed by the female wasps to drill on eggs of L. Botrana was shorter than the time needed for drilling on C. Pomone...
The use of crop varieties resistant or tolerant to insect pests or other stress factors is one ap... more The use of crop varieties resistant or tolerant to insect pests or other stress factors is one approach in non‐chemical crop‐protection. Knowledge of the biochemical and molecular background of insect–plant interactions is a prerequisite for optimizing breeding for resistance. However, the resistance genes involved in plant–aphid interactions have so far only been identified and characterized in very few plant species. Our work aims to elucidate the molecular and biochemical mechanisms involved in resistance of apple trees, Malus domestica L. (Rosaceae), against its primary aphid pest, the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Homoptera: Aphididae), which is considered a serious economic pest of apple. Gene expression in both resistant and susceptible apple cultivars after infestation with rosy apple aphids was investigated by employing the cDNA‐AFLP method (cDNA–Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). From approximately 12 500 cDNA fragments detected on polyacrylamid...
Aphids are one of the major pests attacking cultivation in the city of Tulkarm. Chemical control ... more Aphids are one of the major pests attacking cultivation in the city of Tulkarm. Chemical control often failed to reduce their numbersto a non damaging levels. Inorder to convertto organic production; we should know more about these pests andtheir naturally occurring antagonist; which is very essential in the integrated pest management programs. A field surveywas carried outin Tulkarm, in 2009 and 2010; on aphid species attacking vegetative crops and orchards. Thirty species of different natural enemies were recorded; fourteen Coccinellidae, two Anthocoridae and one Miridae, three Syrphidae, onespecies of each of Chrysopidae, Chamaemyiidae, and red soldier beetle. In addition tosix parasitoidspecies and one entomopathogenic fungi. Results are also presented by host aphids and by their host plant species.
Background: The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, A... more Background: The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Palestine under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Methods: To study the effect of NaCl on germination, fifty seeds in each treatment for each cultivar were germinated on a filter paper in petri dishes moistened with the different NaCl concentration levels (0.0, 50 and 100 mM ). To study the effect of NaCl on plant growth and productivity, 2 seeds per variety were grown in 10 liter pots filled with peat moss-sand. Pots were irrigated with the different NaCl levels. Result: The tested Chickpea cultivars showed different tolerance levels in response to NaCl stress levels. NaCl reduced final germination percentage (FGP) and germination index (GI). The highest plant height was obtained by Einalbeda (38.63 cm) in the control group, while the lowest one was found in Arij (28.25 cm) under 100 mM NaCl. NaCl did not affect root/shoot ratio in all genotypes. Red...
In this study, the impact of postharvest treatments with calcium chlo-ride (CaCl2) in-combination... more In this study, the impact of postharvest treatments with calcium chlo-ride (CaCl2) in-combination with postharvest coating treatments with plant natural substance arabic gum or cactus mucilage on the qua-lity and storage life of tomato fruits during cold storage (10 ± 1 °C, RH 85% ± 3) was evaluated. Results of dipping tomato fruits in 6% CaCl2 for 10 minutes combined with postharvest coating treatments with either 10% Arabic gum or 50% cactus mucilage for 3 minutes showed significant (p<0.05) higher value of fruit firmness, titratable acidity, reduce the percentage of weight loss and percent of decayed fruits. Treated fruits took longer to change color from pink to red compared with non-treated fruits. This study showed that dipping to-mato fruits in 6% CaCl2,orcoating with different natural substances alone or in combination with CaCl2, enhances tomato fruits' physical and chemical properties. Moreover, preserving tomato fruits can be preserved for a longer time compared wi...
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