Papers by Pierre Cannière
Applied Geochemistry, 2011
... fatty acids (PLFA) corresponding to 10 5 to 10 6 viable cells/g dry weight; detection of PLFA... more ... fatty acids (PLFA) corresponding to 10 5 to 10 6 viable cells/g dry weight; detection of PLFA biomarkers for ... of microscope techniques (phase contrast, acridine orange (AO) staining; catalyzed reported deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH)); consistent ...
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The possible disposal of radioactive waste in Boom Clay will generate perturbations, which can af... more The possible disposal of radioactive waste in Boom Clay will generate perturbations, which can affect the transport parameters values. After NaNO3 leaching from bituminized waste, the ionic strength of the Boom Clay porewater will increase, compressing the electrical double layer and resulting in a higher diffusion accessible porosity of anions. Migration experiments are performed with tritiated water (HTO), iodide and H14CO3- in Boom Clay cores, equilibrated with porewater at four different ionic strengths (Boom Clay porewater, 0.1M, 0.5M and 1.0M). As expected, for HTO the values of R (with R the retardation factor) do not depend on ionic strength, with an average value between 0.38 and 0.40. The average R value of iodide increases with ionic strength: from 0.17 for Boom Clay porewater to 0.28 at 1.0 M. The same trend is observed for H14CO3-. For titriated water and iodide, the retardation factor is supposed to be one. The R values for H14CO3- at 0.5 M and 1.0 M (respectively...
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Uranium in the Aquatic Environment, 2002
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Organic Geochemistry, 2008
ABSTRACT A new kinetic model accounting for the generation of “early” CO2 from kerogen within the... more ABSTRACT A new kinetic model accounting for the generation of “early” CO2 from kerogen within the Boom Clay Formation was developed and calibrated using a large set of experimental pyrolysis data. The model also was constrained by the present day temperature of the clay where no CO2 generation is assumed. The kinetic scheme involved three competitive reactions characterized by relatively low activation energies, i.e., Ea < 35 kcal/mol (146.5 kJ/mol) with an associated gas potential of ca. 49 mg of CO2 per gram of organic carbon. Focusing on the fastest reaction specifically, this study showed that the earliest stage of CO2 formation is associated with the thermal decomposition of moieties containing activated carboxylic acid functions present in the thermolabile fraction of the kerogen. Considering the temperature elevation within the Boom Clay Formation that would be imposed by high-level nuclear waste, the kinetic model predicts that (i) CO2 release would start about 1 year after disposal, and might reach the limits of the clay layer after about 100 years and (ii) for each meter length of gallery, the absolute cumulative mass of CO2 generated in a radius of 50 m around the gallery might reach ca. 3 tons.
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Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2003
A mathematical model describing the dissolution of nuclear glass directly disposed in clay combin... more A mathematical model describing the dissolution of nuclear glass directly disposed in clay combines a first-order dissolution rate law with the diffusion of dissolved silica in clay. According to this model, the main parameters describing the long-term dissolution of the glass are etaR, the product of the diffusion accessible porosity eta and the retardation factor R, and the apparent diffusion coefficient D(app) of dissolved silica in clay. For determining the migration parameters needed for long-term predictions, four Through-Diffusion (T-D) experiments and one percolation test have been performed on undisturbed clay cores. In the Through-Diffusion experiments, the concentration decrease after injection of 32Si (radioactive labelled silica) was measured in the inlet compartment. At the end of the T-D experiments, the clay cores were cut in thin slices and the activity of labelled silica in each slice was determined. The measured activity profiles for these four clay cores are well reproducible. Since no labelled silica could be detected in the outlet compartments, the Through-Diffusion experiments are fitted by two In-Diffusion models: one model assuming linear and reversible sorption equilibrium and a second model taking into account sorption kinetics. Although the kinetic model provides better fits, due to the sufficiently long duration of the experiments, both models give approximately similar values for the fit parameters. The single percolation test leads to an apparent diffusion coefficient value about two to three times lower than those of the Through-Diffusion tests. Therefore, dissolved silica appears to be strongly retarded in Boom Clay. A retardation factor R between 100 and 300 was determined. The corresponding in situ distribution coefficient K(d) is in the range 25-75 cm(3) g(-1). The apparent diffusion coefficient of dissolved silica in Boom Clay is estimated between 2 x 10(-13) and 7 x 10(-13) m(2) s(-1). The pore diffusion coefficient is in the range from 6 x 10(-11) to 1 x 10(-10) m(2) s(-1).
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Engineering Geology, 2005
For the disposal of high-level waste (HLW) in a deep geological formation as Boom Clay, safety as... more For the disposal of high-level waste (HLW) in a deep geological formation as Boom Clay, safety assessment studies have shown that long lived 79Se is one of the more critical fission products. Therefore, the knowledge of its migration properties (diffusion, retention) through ...
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Abstract: Within the frame of high-level waste disposal Boom Clay is currently studied as the ref... more Abstract: Within the frame of high-level waste disposal Boom Clay is currently studied as the reference host rock in Belgium. Sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) can transform sulphate into sulphide. Sulphide can cause corrosion of for instance the carbon steel overpack ...
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Applied Geochemistry, 2011
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Papers by Pierre Cannière