Papers by Mattia Calzolari
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2015
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Objectives Various tick-borne pathogens occur in northern Italy, where Lyme disease, transmitted ... more Objectives Various tick-borne pathogens occur in northern Italy, where Lyme disease, transmitted by Ixodes ricinus, is frequently diagnosed in humans. Little information is available regarding transmission of Spotted Fever Group rickettsiae and Anaplasma phagocytophilum circulating in wild animals in Italy. Abundance of wild boars, roe deer and hares in northern Italy suggests a high exposure-risk to tick bite. In this work we investigate the occurrence of Rickettsia spp. and A. phagocytophilum in ticks from wildlife. Results A total of 406 ticks belonging to five species (Ixodes ricinus, I.hexagonus, I.canisuga, Hyalomma marginatum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus) were removed from 78 wild animals in northern Italy. Mostly of them were adults (223 females, 115 males , 64 nymphs and 4 larvae). A total of 30 samples (2 pools of nymphs and 28 adults; 7.3%), yielded expected bands by PCR, which demonstrated by DNA sequencing belonging to four Rickettsia species: R. aeschlimannii, R. monacens...
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INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to furnish more data on the Ixoxid fauna of wildlife colle... more INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to furnish more data on the Ixoxid fauna of wildlife collected in Emilia Romagna and Lombardia, two regions located in the northern part of Italy, and to better understand ticks ecology. Emilia Romagna and Lombardia regions are located in the northern part of Italy. This work is an attempt to gather suitable data for surveillance on Ixoxid fauna of wildlife hunter-killed animals and for risk assessment on tick-borne diseases in our regions. Indeed, as in other European countries, in Italy the incidence of sylvatic tick-borne zoonoses has increased over the last years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ixodid ticks were collected from wild animals after being hunter-killed or found dead and submitted to IZSLER laboratories for necropsy. Ticks were removed and identified following taxonomic standard keys and then stored at -20°C for further investigations. Prevalence differences among host species, tick species and collection period were tested by Median Tes...
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Background Tick-borne viruses can rise or appear in areas where diseases were not previously dete... more Background Tick-borne viruses can rise or appear in areas where diseases were not previously detected. In particular, novel tick species and associated tick-borne pathogens may be transported over long distances by migratory birds or the ecological features may change the epidemiology of these viruses. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHFV, genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae) is one of the most widely distributed tick-borne diseases in the world, affecting people in certain areas of Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. CCHFV is transmitted by ticks of the genus Hyalomma, in particular Hyalomma marginatum. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe is a disease caused by tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV, genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae) and is maintained in cycles involving Ixodid ticks (Ixodes ricinus) and wild vertebrate hosts. Methods Ixodid ticks were collected from wild fauna, during 2008-2011, from two Italian region, Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna, and ma...
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Parasites & vectors, 2015
The invasive species Aedes (Finlaya) koreicus was first identified in north-eastern Italy in 2011... more The invasive species Aedes (Finlaya) koreicus was first identified in north-eastern Italy in 2011, during the ongoing surveillance activity of Aedes albopictus. Following this finding, a more intensive monitoring was carried out to assess the distribution of the species and to collect biological data. Herein, we report the new records obtained by four years of surveillance. The presence of Ae. koreicus was checked using ovitraps, adults traps and by larval collections in all possible breeding sites from May 2011 to July 2015. The monitoring started in the site of the first detection (Province of Belluno) and was then extended in the neighbouring Provinces belonging to four Regions. Aedes koreicus was found in 73 municipalities out of 155 monitored (47.1 %), including 23 municipalities (14.8 %) previously not infested. The area of first detection of Ae. koreicus (Province of Belluno) was also the most infested (68 %). However the mosquito has also been found to the west (Province of ...
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Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2015
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West Nile Virus (WNV) is an emerging threat in Europe, with more than 800 human cases reported si... more West Nile Virus (WNV) is an emerging threat in Europe, with more than 800 human cases reported since 2010 in the European Union. WNV was detected in Italy in 1998 in Padule di Fucecchio, without human cases recorded, then, after ten years, WNV reappeared northward in Pianura Padana in 2008-2009 affecting Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Lombardia regions where human cases were recorded. The virus was continuously detected in subsequent years until 2013, with different strains over the years and in different areas of the Pianura Padana. The environmental surveillance, particularly based on entomological and bird sampling, is performing well in the early detection of virus circulation, before the appearance of human and equine cases. For this reason, besides the activities supported by the Ministry of Health at national level, more detailed surveillance programs were carried out in Pianura Padana at regional level starting in 2008. For the first time in 2013 five neighboring Regions of Norther...
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Entomologia, 2014
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Eurosurveillance, 2014
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Eurosurveillance, 2014
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Papers by Mattia Calzolari