1980s by Hector Betancourt
This investigation examined the perceived properties of causal attributions for success and failu... more This investigation examined the perceived properties of causal attributions for success and failure and their consequences. Eight attributions or perceived reasons for success and failure, such as ability, effort, and luck, were rated by Chilean and U.S. samples for three causal properties—locus (internal versus external), stability (endurance over time), and controllability (degree to which the person can volitionally alter the cause). The ratings between the two cultures were quite similar and in accordance with attribution theory classifications, although Chilean subjects perceived the external causes as more external, the stable causes as less stable, and the controllable causes as less controllable than did subjects from the United States. In addition, predicted relations between causal stability-expectancy of success and controllability evaluation and liking were also generally confirmed in both cultures. Results were discussed in terms of the generality versus cultural specificity of attributional principles in the achievement domain.
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Papers by Hector Betancourt
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Samples of Hispanic and Mainstream Navy recruits answered a questionnaire that obtained their per... more Samples of Hispanic and Mainstream Navy recruits answered a questionnaire that obtained their perceptions of supervisor-subordinate relations. In addition, a number of items measured values related to supervisor- subordinate behaviors such as Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Collectivism, and Masculinity (Hofstede's, 1980). Evidence was found that the Hispanics were higher than the Mainstream respondents on Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance; and lower on Masculinity. There was also a trend suggesting higher Hispanic scores on Collectivism, and descriptions of a sample of supervisory situations suggested a greater tolerance by Hispanics for supervisors who are non-participative (high Power Distance); but there were no preferences for supervisors high in initiating structure and collectivism. Reactions to supervisors high or low on Initiating Structure and Consideration revealed strong similarities between Hispanic and Mainstream recruits. Both samples liked the super...
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Journal of behavioral medicine, Jan 2, 2015
Negative health care encounters have implications for preventive medical services and continuity ... more Negative health care encounters have implications for preventive medical services and continuity of health care. This study examined cultural and interpersonal psychological factors involved in health care interactions that may ameliorate the detrimental effects of negative encounters. A mixed-methods approach was implemented to examine the relations among positive cultural beliefs about health professionals, perceived professional empathy, interpersonal emotions, and continuity of cancer screening among 237 Latin American (Latino) and non-Latino White (Anglo) American women who reported a negative health care encounter. Multi-group structural equation modeling revealed that for Latino and Anglo women, positive cultural beliefs about health professionals in general were associated with higher perceptions of empathy regarding a professional involved in a negative encounter. In addition, for Latino women, perceptions of higher professional empathy and less negative emotions were assoc...
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International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2015
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The International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 2001
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Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 2015
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Women & Health, 2011
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Psychological Science, 1995
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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1992
... Correspondence should be addressed lo Hector Metancourt, Depart-ment of Psychology, 1Đ» Sierra... more ... Correspondence should be addressed lo Hector Metancourt, Depart-ment of Psychology, 1Đ» Sierra University, Riverside, CA 92515. ... Bender's (1989) program for the analysis of structural equations (EQjS) was used to test the model and simultaneously examine all proposed ...
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Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 2002
ABSTRACT On September 11, 2001, within the context of strained international relations, the world... more ABSTRACT On September 11, 2001, within the context of strained international relations, the world witnessed a horrid act of terrorism as the face of ideological warfare became materialized in the mass murder of thousands of unsuspecting, innocent civilians and the destruction of billions of dollars in property. Since then, the conflict has culminated in the onset of war with traditional war tactics in response to the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. One does not have to search long in historical and current events to find other atrocities committed under the guise of religion or ideology to justify the obliteration of the lives of many (e.g., the Crusades, the Holocaust, more recent events in Rwanda and Bosnia). In the backdrop of such events, Prisoners of Hate: The Cognitive Basis of Anger, Hostility, and Violence, by Aaron Beck, is a timely and useful work which can help us to understand human violence in a variety of settings, from clinical to international. The psychological processes on which the work is based are particularly relevant to conflict resolution, peacekeeping, and the prevention of violence.
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Revista Panamericana de Salud PĂşblica, 2002
To assess Peruvian mothers&am... more To assess Peruvian mothers' knowledge and recognition of pneumonia in children under 5 years of age, the mothers' attitude toward seeking medical help if they had a child with signs of pneumonia, and their perception of a Government of Peru pneumonia campaign. In this cross-sectional study, 501 mothers were selected randomly from 20 low-income communities of the metropolitan area of Lima, Peru, and were interviewed between June and August 2000. Using SPSS software, descriptive statistics were applied to summarize the demographic data and the data regarding the mothers' knowledge of pneumonia and recognition of signs of the disease. Cross-tabulations and chi-squares were done to assess relationships between variables and to make comparisons. About 84% of the mothers said that they knew what pneumonia is. Most believed that pneumonia is dangerous. A majority (58.7%) indicated that pneumonia is caused by lack of parental care. Only 28.9% believed that a virus causes the disease. More than 80% correctly picked rapid breathing and/or chest retraction from a list of possible signs and symptoms of pneumonia, and 94.6% said they were ready to take their child to the closest health center if they thought their child had pneumonia. Although 57.1% said they had heard about the Government of Peru pneumonia campaign, 69.3% of these mothers said they could not recall the motto of the campaign. Mothers who reported having heard of the campaign through TV were more likely than other mothers to correctly recognize the two major signs of pneumonia presented in the campaign. Although the percentage of mothers believing they can recognize pneumonia through rapid breathing and chest retraction seems to have increased in recent years, there is still a sizable percentage of mothers who remain uninformed about pneumonia and its possible fatal consequences. Efforts need to continue to educate Peruvian mothers about the causes, recognition of the signs, and treatment of pneumonia. The results suggest that the Government of Peru pneumonia campaign should use television much more, as well as the health centers, where most of the mothers receive medical attention and health information.
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Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984
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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1992
Two experiments were conducted to investigate: (a) the influence of the &... more Two experiments were conducted to investigate: (a) the influence of the "subjugation control over nature" value orientation, a dimension of cultural variation, on attribution processes; and (b) the effect of activation of beliefs associated with this value orientation on attribution processes and helping behavior. In Experiment 1, introductory psychology students were classified as either "control" or "subjugation" oriented according to
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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1993
Triandis et al. / INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM 367 cross-cultural volume of the Nebraska Sympos... more Triandis et al. / INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM 367 cross-cultural volume of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (Triandis, 1990). The cultural pattern has been shown to predict social behavior (Wheeler, Reis, & Bond, 1989), and has been probed by multimethod ...
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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1983
... Spanish/ English bilinguals answered a paper-and-pencil instrument that con-tained ernie and ... more ... Spanish/ English bilinguals answered a paper-and-pencil instrument that con-tained ernie and etic questions. ... Finally, studies with the semantic differential (eg, Brizuela, 1975; Collado-Herrell, 1976; Rastogi & Singh, 1976; Taylor, Dagot, & Gardner, 1969) have also shown ...
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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1982
U.S. Navy recruits (Hispanics and Anglos) provided autostereotypes and heterostereotypes of black... more U.S. Navy recruits (Hispanics and Anglos) provided autostereotypes and heterostereotypes of blacks, whites, and several Hispanic ethnic groups, by judging on a ten-point scale how likely it was for each of fifteen traits to be a characteristic of a given stimulus group. All autostereotypes were favorable. The Anglos had a more uniform, though not especially intensive, autostereotype than the Hispanics.
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Health Education Research, 2010
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1980s by Hector Betancourt
Papers by Hector Betancourt