Investigation and quantifying of the parameters of the phase and structure state, static magnetic... more Investigation and quantifying of the parameters of the phase and structure state, static magnetic properties, magnetic microstructure formed over the entire volume of the film and in the near-surface layer, the surface roughness of Fe(72.4)Ti(5.4)B(19.2)O(3.0) film were carried out using the combination of the methods such as x-ray diffraction, magnetic force microscopy, atomic force microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and the correlation magnetometry. The Fe(72.4)Ti(5.4)B(19.2)O(3.0) films on glass substrates were produced by magnetron deposition followed by the vacuum annealing at 200 ◦С for 1 h. The interrelation between the investigated parameters was highlighted.
The physics of metals and metallography, Feb 5, 2023
The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. ... more The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. The metastable structural and phase state, which was formed upon deposition, is represented by either mixed (nanocrystalline αFe(Zr,N) + amorphous) or amorphous structure. During subsequent annealing (300–600°C), it slightly shifts toward the stable state due to partial crystallization of the amorphous phase and precipitation of the secondary phases (Fe4N, Fe3N, and ZrO2). The grain structure of the films (grains 3–12 nm in size) is characterized by thermal stability. The relatively low saturation magnetization Ms (870–1400 G) of the films is explained by the presence of the amorphous phase and αFe(Zr,N) solid solution, which remain in the film structure after annealing at all temperatures. The stochastic domain structure is formed in all films under study due to exchange interaction between grains and clusters in the amorphous structure. The strong dependence of the magnetic structure on the phase state and grain structure of the films is demonstrated. The combination of low local magnetic anisotropy and the highest stochastic domain size predetermines the lowest coercive field of the films, which varies in a range of 1 to 50 Oe.
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease, and, at certain temperatures, gradually the films transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients o...
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600 °C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease and, at certain temperatures, gradually transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the fil...
The phase and structural state, parameters of the magnetic microstructure, and static and microwa... more The phase and structural state, parameters of the magnetic microstructure, and static and microwave magnetic properties of the Fe(81–74)Zr(2–5)N(17–21) films synthesized by reactive magnetron deposition have been studied. It has been established that, as the Zr and N contents increase, the film structure changes from the so-called mixed structure (amorphous and nanocrystalline represented by the Fe-based solid solution supersaturated with zirconium and nitrogen in the bcc modification and the fcc nitride phase) to the X-ray amorphous one. The interplay of the static magnetic properties and the parameters of the stochastic magnetic structure with the effective real permeability μ' at frequencies of up to 3 GHz has been examined. It is shown that the stochastic magnetic structure determines the dynamic magnetic properties.
Results of XRD and TEM studies of a metastable phase state in Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) and Fe(55)Ti(1... more Results of XRD and TEM studies of a metastable phase state in Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) and Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films, which is formed upon magnetron deposition under preset conditions, and of the evolution of the state in the course of subsequent annealing at 500•C for 1, 5, and 9 h and experimental data on the magnetic microstructure and magnetic properties are reported. The annealed films were found to be characterized by a nanocrystalline structure, which is represented by two crystalline phases, namely, the ferromagnetic solid solution αFe(Ti), and nonferromagnetic boride Fe(n)B. The Ti content in the films determines the grain size of the αFe(Ti) phase, whereas the content of B localized within the grain boundaries determines the ratio of the volume fractions of amorphous and nanocrystalline phases in the structure. In contrast to the ferromagnetic Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) films, the Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films are superparamagnets both in the deposited state and after annealing at 500•C for 1 and 5 h because of the higher volume fraction of the amorphous phase in the structure. The 9 h annealing of the Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films transfers them into the ferromagnets owing to the development of the amorphous phase crystallization, increase in the content of nanocrystalline ferromagnetic phase αFe(Ti) grains, and realization of exchange interaction between them.
The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. ... more The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. The metastable structural and phase state, which was formed upon deposition, is represented by either mixed (nanocrystalline αFe(Zr,N) + amorphous) or amorphous structure. During subsequent annealing (300–600°C), it slightly shifts toward the stable state due to partial crystallization of the amorphous phase and precipitation of the secondary phases (Fe4N, Fe3N, and ZrO2). The grain structure of the films (grains 3–12 nm in size) is characterized by thermal stability. The relatively low saturation magnetization Ms (870–1400 G) of the films is explained by the presence of the amorphous phase and αFe(Zr,N) solid solution, which remain in the film structure after annealing at all temperatures. The stochastic domain structure is formed in all films under study due to exchange interaction between grains and clusters in the amorphous structure. The strong dependence of the magnetic structure on the phase state and grain structure of the films is demonstrated. The combination of low local magnetic anisotropy and the highest stochastic domain size predetermines the lowest coercive field of the films, which varies in a range of 1 to 50 Oe.
Nanocrystalline Fe(100–56.8)Ti(0–13.5)B(0–34.2) films 1.4 µm thick are prepared by dc magnetron d... more Nanocrystalline Fe(100–56.8)Ti(0–13.5)B(0–34.2) films 1.4 µm thick are prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates. The structure and magnetic properties of the films are comprehensively characterized and analyzed. The lattice parameter and the grain size of the bcc Fe-based phase (2-25 nm), parameters of the stochastic magnetic structure (the relative size and the effective anisotropy field of stochastic domains D^(1/2)<H_a> and the local magnetic anisotropy field at the grain scale), saturation magnetization M_s, coercive field H_c, static permeability μ_st, and ferromagnetic resonance frequency f_r of the films are quantitatively estimated and their interrelations are studied. As Ti and B contents increase, the phase composition of the films changes in accordance with the sequence αFe - αFe(Ti) - αFe(Ti) + TiB2 - amorphous, wherein M_s decreases from 2.1 to 0.3 T. The H_c values vary in the interval 7–70 Oe determined by the D^(1/2)<H_a> field or by other magnetic anisotropy sources. The μ_st values vary in the interval 20–140. The μ_st values obtained by the Lorentzian dispersion law adequately fall within the range of the calculated permeabilities, which is limited by the coercive field obtained from the hysteresis loops and the anisotropy field determined by Kittel equation. The μ_st values of the films are kept up to the frequencies of at least 1.5 GHz. The frequency dependences of the permeability of the films are analyzed taking into account the influence of skin effect and are considered in terms of Acher’s law. The obtained values of the Acher’s constant (less than 0.3) indicate the possibility of reaching the higher values of μ_st and fr at the expense of elimination of the perpendicular anisotropy, in particular, via the formation of thinner films as compared to the films under study (1.4 µm thick). According to the available literature data, the presented investigations, using the FeTiB films as an example, were performed for the first time.
The Fe(99.2÷56.6)Ti(0÷13.2)B(0÷34) films were prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substr... more The Fe(99.2÷56.6)Ti(0÷13.2)B(0÷34) films were prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the phase composition, volume fractions of formed crystalline phases, their grain sizes and microstrains on the grain scale. The magnetic hysteretic properties, saturation induction Bs (2.1-0.3 T), coercive field Hc (0.6-6 kA/m), relative remanence Br/Bs (0.07-0.37), were determined using measured hysteresis loops. Their shapes indicate the existence of intergranular exchange interaction in all studied films. The magnetic structure parameters of the films were determined by correlation magnetometry. All films are characterized by a stochastic magnetic structure. The magnetic properties and the magnetic structure parameters of the films are substantiated by their phase and structural states. The values of the local parameters of the magnetic structure (rms local anisotropy field D^(1/2)Ha and exchange field HR) follow the parameters of the grain (lattice parameter and grain size), while the macroscopic parameters (Hc and rms stochastic domain anisotropy field D^(1/2)<Ha>) have a more complex behavior.
The paper presents results of investigation of Fe65.3–100Zr34.7–0N7.5–0 films prepared by dc magn... more The paper presents results of investigation of Fe65.3–100Zr34.7–0N7.5–0 films prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-hour annealing at temperatures of 300–600 °C. The influence of the chemical and phase compositions and structure of the films, which were studied by TEM, SEM, XRD, and GDOES, on their mechanical properties determined by nanoindentation and static magnetic properties measured by VSM method is analyzed. The studied films exhibit the hardness within a range of 14–21 GPa, low elastic modulus (the value can reach 156 Gpa), and an elastic recovery of 55–83%. It was shown that the films are strong ferromagnets with the high saturation induction Bs (up to 2.1 T) and low coercive field Hc (as low as 40 A/m). The correlations between the magnetic and mechanical properties, on one hand, and the chemical composition of the films, their phase, and structural states as well, on the other hand, are discussed.
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600 °C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease and, at certain temperatures, gradually transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the fil...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
The Fe-Ti-B films were obtained by dc magnetron sputtering of the Fe + 15% TiB2 and Fe + 30% TiB2... more The Fe-Ti-B films were obtained by dc magnetron sputtering of the Fe + 15% TiB2 and Fe + 30% TiB2 targets. The chemical composition and structure were studied in the as-sputtered state and after vacuum annealing at 500°C. The static (saturation magnetization Ms and coercive field Hc ) and rf magnetic properties (magnetic permeability µ’, frequency of natural ferromagnetic resonance fr and the frequency range in which µ’ is kept) were determined.
Abstract The phase-structural state of Fe, Fe(1−x)Nx, Fe(1−y)Zry, and Fe(90−z)Zr10Nz films obtain... more Abstract The phase-structural state of Fe, Fe(1−x)Nx, Fe(1−y)Zry, and Fe(90−z)Zr10Nz films obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering under different energy and gas-atmosphere conditions was studied. It is shown that impurity elements (N, O) absorbed by the films during the deposition process along with the principal elements (Fe, Zr, N) participate in the formation of the phase composition and structure of the films. The phenomena of the formation of supersaturated bcc Fe(N) and/or bcc Fe(Zr) solid solutions and high-temperature modifications (which are non-equilibrium at room temperature) of the bcc Zr and fcc ZrO2 phases in the films are substantiated by the fundamental concepts of the metal physics.
The magnetization curves and hysteresis loops of Fe, Fe90N10, Fe95Zr5, Fe85Zr5N10, and Fe77Zr7N16... more The magnetization curves and hysteresis loops of Fe, Fe90N10, Fe95Zr5, Fe85Zr5N10, and Fe77Zr7N16 films were measured for determining coercive field Hc, saturation magnetization Ms, and the rms fluctuation of local magnetic-anisotropy field a1/2Ha of these iron-based materials. A model approximation with empirical second-order polynomial and Pareto chart clearly demonstrates the influence of the grain size, anisotropy field a1/2Ha, and saturation magnetization on the coercive field.
Investigation and quantifying of the parameters of the phase and structure state, static magnetic... more Investigation and quantifying of the parameters of the phase and structure state, static magnetic properties, magnetic microstructure formed over the entire volume of the film and in the near-surface layer, the surface roughness of Fe(72.4)Ti(5.4)B(19.2)O(3.0) film were carried out using the combination of the methods such as x-ray diffraction, magnetic force microscopy, atomic force microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and the correlation magnetometry. The Fe(72.4)Ti(5.4)B(19.2)O(3.0) films on glass substrates were produced by magnetron deposition followed by the vacuum annealing at 200 ◦С for 1 h. The interrelation between the investigated parameters was highlighted.
The physics of metals and metallography, Feb 5, 2023
The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. ... more The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. The metastable structural and phase state, which was formed upon deposition, is represented by either mixed (nanocrystalline αFe(Zr,N) + amorphous) or amorphous structure. During subsequent annealing (300–600°C), it slightly shifts toward the stable state due to partial crystallization of the amorphous phase and precipitation of the secondary phases (Fe4N, Fe3N, and ZrO2). The grain structure of the films (grains 3–12 nm in size) is characterized by thermal stability. The relatively low saturation magnetization Ms (870–1400 G) of the films is explained by the presence of the amorphous phase and αFe(Zr,N) solid solution, which remain in the film structure after annealing at all temperatures. The stochastic domain structure is formed in all films under study due to exchange interaction between grains and clusters in the amorphous structure. The strong dependence of the magnetic structure on the phase state and grain structure of the films is demonstrated. The combination of low local magnetic anisotropy and the highest stochastic domain size predetermines the lowest coercive field of the films, which varies in a range of 1 to 50 Oe.
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease, and, at certain temperatures, gradually the films transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients o...
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600 °C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease and, at certain temperatures, gradually transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the fil...
The phase and structural state, parameters of the magnetic microstructure, and static and microwa... more The phase and structural state, parameters of the magnetic microstructure, and static and microwave magnetic properties of the Fe(81–74)Zr(2–5)N(17–21) films synthesized by reactive magnetron deposition have been studied. It has been established that, as the Zr and N contents increase, the film structure changes from the so-called mixed structure (amorphous and nanocrystalline represented by the Fe-based solid solution supersaturated with zirconium and nitrogen in the bcc modification and the fcc nitride phase) to the X-ray amorphous one. The interplay of the static magnetic properties and the parameters of the stochastic magnetic structure with the effective real permeability μ' at frequencies of up to 3 GHz has been examined. It is shown that the stochastic magnetic structure determines the dynamic magnetic properties.
Results of XRD and TEM studies of a metastable phase state in Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) and Fe(55)Ti(1... more Results of XRD and TEM studies of a metastable phase state in Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) and Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films, which is formed upon magnetron deposition under preset conditions, and of the evolution of the state in the course of subsequent annealing at 500•C for 1, 5, and 9 h and experimental data on the magnetic microstructure and magnetic properties are reported. The annealed films were found to be characterized by a nanocrystalline structure, which is represented by two crystalline phases, namely, the ferromagnetic solid solution αFe(Ti), and nonferromagnetic boride Fe(n)B. The Ti content in the films determines the grain size of the αFe(Ti) phase, whereas the content of B localized within the grain boundaries determines the ratio of the volume fractions of amorphous and nanocrystalline phases in the structure. In contrast to the ferromagnetic Fe(73)Ti(5)B(19)O(3) films, the Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films are superparamagnets both in the deposited state and after annealing at 500•C for 1 and 5 h because of the higher volume fraction of the amorphous phase in the structure. The 9 h annealing of the Fe(55)Ti(16)B(27)O(2) films transfers them into the ferromagnets owing to the development of the amorphous phase crystallization, increase in the content of nanocrystalline ferromagnetic phase αFe(Ti) grains, and realization of exchange interaction between them.
The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. ... more The Fe(56.8–72.5)Zr(5.9–11.6)N(13.8–31.6)O(1.2–3.4) films were prepared by magnetron deposition. The metastable structural and phase state, which was formed upon deposition, is represented by either mixed (nanocrystalline αFe(Zr,N) + amorphous) or amorphous structure. During subsequent annealing (300–600°C), it slightly shifts toward the stable state due to partial crystallization of the amorphous phase and precipitation of the secondary phases (Fe4N, Fe3N, and ZrO2). The grain structure of the films (grains 3–12 nm in size) is characterized by thermal stability. The relatively low saturation magnetization Ms (870–1400 G) of the films is explained by the presence of the amorphous phase and αFe(Zr,N) solid solution, which remain in the film structure after annealing at all temperatures. The stochastic domain structure is formed in all films under study due to exchange interaction between grains and clusters in the amorphous structure. The strong dependence of the magnetic structure on the phase state and grain structure of the films is demonstrated. The combination of low local magnetic anisotropy and the highest stochastic domain size predetermines the lowest coercive field of the films, which varies in a range of 1 to 50 Oe.
Nanocrystalline Fe(100–56.8)Ti(0–13.5)B(0–34.2) films 1.4 µm thick are prepared by dc magnetron d... more Nanocrystalline Fe(100–56.8)Ti(0–13.5)B(0–34.2) films 1.4 µm thick are prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates. The structure and magnetic properties of the films are comprehensively characterized and analyzed. The lattice parameter and the grain size of the bcc Fe-based phase (2-25 nm), parameters of the stochastic magnetic structure (the relative size and the effective anisotropy field of stochastic domains D^(1/2)<H_a> and the local magnetic anisotropy field at the grain scale), saturation magnetization M_s, coercive field H_c, static permeability μ_st, and ferromagnetic resonance frequency f_r of the films are quantitatively estimated and their interrelations are studied. As Ti and B contents increase, the phase composition of the films changes in accordance with the sequence αFe - αFe(Ti) - αFe(Ti) + TiB2 - amorphous, wherein M_s decreases from 2.1 to 0.3 T. The H_c values vary in the interval 7–70 Oe determined by the D^(1/2)<H_a> field or by other magnetic anisotropy sources. The μ_st values vary in the interval 20–140. The μ_st values obtained by the Lorentzian dispersion law adequately fall within the range of the calculated permeabilities, which is limited by the coercive field obtained from the hysteresis loops and the anisotropy field determined by Kittel equation. The μ_st values of the films are kept up to the frequencies of at least 1.5 GHz. The frequency dependences of the permeability of the films are analyzed taking into account the influence of skin effect and are considered in terms of Acher’s law. The obtained values of the Acher’s constant (less than 0.3) indicate the possibility of reaching the higher values of μ_st and fr at the expense of elimination of the perpendicular anisotropy, in particular, via the formation of thinner films as compared to the films under study (1.4 µm thick). According to the available literature data, the presented investigations, using the FeTiB films as an example, were performed for the first time.
The Fe(99.2÷56.6)Ti(0÷13.2)B(0÷34) films were prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substr... more The Fe(99.2÷56.6)Ti(0÷13.2)B(0÷34) films were prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the phase composition, volume fractions of formed crystalline phases, their grain sizes and microstrains on the grain scale. The magnetic hysteretic properties, saturation induction Bs (2.1-0.3 T), coercive field Hc (0.6-6 kA/m), relative remanence Br/Bs (0.07-0.37), were determined using measured hysteresis loops. Their shapes indicate the existence of intergranular exchange interaction in all studied films. The magnetic structure parameters of the films were determined by correlation magnetometry. All films are characterized by a stochastic magnetic structure. The magnetic properties and the magnetic structure parameters of the films are substantiated by their phase and structural states. The values of the local parameters of the magnetic structure (rms local anisotropy field D^(1/2)Ha and exchange field HR) follow the parameters of the grain (lattice parameter and grain size), while the macroscopic parameters (Hc and rms stochastic domain anisotropy field D^(1/2)<Ha>) have a more complex behavior.
The paper presents results of investigation of Fe65.3–100Zr34.7–0N7.5–0 films prepared by dc magn... more The paper presents results of investigation of Fe65.3–100Zr34.7–0N7.5–0 films prepared by dc magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-hour annealing at temperatures of 300–600 °C. The influence of the chemical and phase compositions and structure of the films, which were studied by TEM, SEM, XRD, and GDOES, on their mechanical properties determined by nanoindentation and static magnetic properties measured by VSM method is analyzed. The studied films exhibit the hardness within a range of 14–21 GPa, low elastic modulus (the value can reach 156 Gpa), and an elastic recovery of 55–83%. It was shown that the films are strong ferromagnets with the high saturation induction Bs (up to 2.1 T) and low coercive field Hc (as low as 40 A/m). The correlations between the magnetic and mechanical properties, on one hand, and the chemical composition of the films, their phase, and structural states as well, on the other hand, are discussed.
The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in partic... more The coercive field of soft magnetic ferromagnets is a structure-sensitive property and, in particular, is substantially affected by residual stresses. In the present study, the phase and structural states and residual stresses of the FeTiB and FeZrN films of various compositions, which were prepared by magnetron deposition on glass substrates and subsequent 1-h annealing at temperatures of 200–600 °C, were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The formation of a nanocrystalline structure is observed. It comprises different phases having different lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes and is characterized by high level of microstrains of grains as well; the microstrains predetermine the formation of high compressive stresses in the deposited films. As the annealing temperature increases, the compressive stresses decrease and, at certain temperatures, gradually transform into thermal tensile stresses, which are induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the fil...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
The Fe-Ti-B films were obtained by dc magnetron sputtering of the Fe + 15% TiB2 and Fe + 30% TiB2... more The Fe-Ti-B films were obtained by dc magnetron sputtering of the Fe + 15% TiB2 and Fe + 30% TiB2 targets. The chemical composition and structure were studied in the as-sputtered state and after vacuum annealing at 500°C. The static (saturation magnetization Ms and coercive field Hc ) and rf magnetic properties (magnetic permeability µ’, frequency of natural ferromagnetic resonance fr and the frequency range in which µ’ is kept) were determined.
Abstract The phase-structural state of Fe, Fe(1−x)Nx, Fe(1−y)Zry, and Fe(90−z)Zr10Nz films obtain... more Abstract The phase-structural state of Fe, Fe(1−x)Nx, Fe(1−y)Zry, and Fe(90−z)Zr10Nz films obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering under different energy and gas-atmosphere conditions was studied. It is shown that impurity elements (N, O) absorbed by the films during the deposition process along with the principal elements (Fe, Zr, N) participate in the formation of the phase composition and structure of the films. The phenomena of the formation of supersaturated bcc Fe(N) and/or bcc Fe(Zr) solid solutions and high-temperature modifications (which are non-equilibrium at room temperature) of the bcc Zr and fcc ZrO2 phases in the films are substantiated by the fundamental concepts of the metal physics.
The magnetization curves and hysteresis loops of Fe, Fe90N10, Fe95Zr5, Fe85Zr5N10, and Fe77Zr7N16... more The magnetization curves and hysteresis loops of Fe, Fe90N10, Fe95Zr5, Fe85Zr5N10, and Fe77Zr7N16 films were measured for determining coercive field Hc, saturation magnetization Ms, and the rms fluctuation of local magnetic-anisotropy field a1/2Ha of these iron-based materials. A model approximation with empirical second-order polynomial and Pareto chart clearly demonstrates the influence of the grain size, anisotropy field a1/2Ha, and saturation magnetization on the coercive field.
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