Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops grown commercially and by small-scale farmers ... more Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops grown commercially and by small-scale farmers in Ethiopia. However, production of this crop is adversely affected by biotic constraints among which sugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is one of the most important diseases. Field surveys were conducted once in eight sugar estates (Arjo, Beles, Fincha, Kesem, Kuraz, Metehara, Tendaho, and Wonji) of Ethiopia from 2017 to 2019 to determine the smut distribution, incidence, severity, and association of biophysical factors with smut incidence and severity. A total of 311 fields were assessed in eight sugar estates. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of independent factors with smut incidence and severity. The results revealed that sugarcane smut prevailed in 62.7% of the fields. Moreover, mean smut incidence and severity varied significantly among the surveyed fields and sugar estates. High smut incidence (>5%) and severity (>25%) were highly asso...
'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) are the names ass... more 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) are the names assigned to sugarcane varieties with accession numbers Acc. 43 and Acc. 139, respectively. They were developed by Sugar Corporation, Research and Development and were registered and released in June 2019 by the National Variety Releasing Committee of Ethiopia to growers in three sugar estates in Ethiopia. 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' were selected from local landraces collected during 2010/11 from different geographic regions across Ethiopia. The released varieties 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' have high sugar yield (by 29.6% and 28.4%, respectively), early maturity and yield stability across locations compared to the standard check B52298. They also showed resistance to smut caused by Ustilago scitaminea. The average sugar yield for Tafach Shenkora and Kay Shenkora was 26.14 and 25.88 tons ha-1, respectively. These cultivars are the first of their kind to be released from sugarcane landraces collected in Ethiopia.
The present study was performed to study genetic relationships and population differentiation of ... more The present study was performed to study genetic relationships and population differentiation of 90 introduced sugarcane accessions in Ethiopia by means of 22 SSR molecular markers. The 22 SSR markers amplified a total of 260 alleles, of which 230 were polymorphic with a mean of 10.45 alleles per SSR locus. The range in allele number was 4–22. A high level of polymorphism with a mean of 60.51% polymorphic loci within the genotypes was detected. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.231 to 0.375 with an average of 0.303. Measures of effective number of alleles and genetic diversity on average were 1.55 and 0.317, respectively, across all the 22 markers evaluated. The SSR genetic profiles obtained using the 22 markers enabled complete discrimination among all the 90 introduced sugarcane cultivars. The neighbor- joining unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on the simple matching dissimilarity indices unambiguously distingui...
The success of any crop improvement program depends on the extent of genetic diversity present in... more The success of any crop improvement program depends on the extent of genetic diversity present in the germplasm. The current study's aim was to determine the level of qualitative morphological trait diversity among sugarcane germplasm. Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) values of characters for the 196 sugarcane genotypes ranged from 0.08 to 0.94, with a mean of value 0.65. This indicates the presence of a wide range of qualitative morphological trait variability among the sugarcane genotypes. The H' pooled across locations by character, and the H' pooled across characters by location, ranged from 0.06 to 0.82; and 0.00 to 0.84, respectively, with a mean value of 0.53 in both cases. Multivariate cluster analysis divided the entire sugarcane into three distinct groups. The distance between groups of genotypes, and a pair of individual sugarcane genotypes ranged from 9.77 to 12.74, and 0.51 to 15.56, respectively. The non-zero lowest distance value between genotypes 1 and...
An accurate and extensive study of the qualitative morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes... more An accurate and extensive study of the qualitative morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes would allow their identification, conservation and utilization in the sugarcane breeding program. The objectives of the study were to characterize and estimate the morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes using qualitative traits. Data collected for 16 qualitative characters were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis to assess the overall patterns of morphological variation. Shannon diversity index (H′) was calculated to estimate morphological diversity. The result indicated that the qualitative traits revealed high variability among 144 sugarcane genotypes. The most polymorphic character with the highest Shannon diversity index (H′) was stalk corky patchs. The H′ averaged across all countries for different characters was found to vary from 0.50 to 0.76 with an average of 0.61. The H′ pooled across characters by country of collection ranged from 0.00 to 0...
Biological control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) using Trichoderma isolates is one... more Biological control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) using Trichoderma isolates is one of the untapped potentials in Ethiopian sugarcane plantations. To this end, this study was carried ...
Sugarcane has been cultivated by smallholder farmers since 16th century in Ethiopia and preceded ... more Sugarcane has been cultivated by smallholder farmers since 16th century in Ethiopia and preceded the commercial production. However, as far as this study is concerned, no exploration and collection have been conducted to know the landraces and study the regional diversity of the crop. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to collect native sugarcane landraces in Ethiopia and to assess phenotypic diversity and analyze regional distribution among landraces collected from different geographical regions. More than 300 sugarcane genotypes were collected. The landraces were analyzed for 21 quantitative stalk and juice quality characters and 16 qualitative characters. Phenotypic diversity among landraces was high, as expressed by the large range of variation for mean quantitative traits and the high (0.80) Shannon–Weaver diversity index. Our results provided experimental evidence on occurrence of geographical variation and significant within-region variation where it was high in the...
Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops grown commercially and by small-scale farmers ... more Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops grown commercially and by small-scale farmers in Ethiopia. However, production of this crop is adversely affected by biotic constraints among which sugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is one of the most important diseases. Field surveys were conducted once in eight sugar estates (Arjo, Beles, Fincha, Kesem, Kuraz, Metehara, Tendaho, and Wonji) of Ethiopia from 2017 to 2019 to determine the smut distribution, incidence, severity, and association of biophysical factors with smut incidence and severity. A total of 311 fields were assessed in eight sugar estates. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of independent factors with smut incidence and severity. The results revealed that sugarcane smut prevailed in 62.7% of the fields. Moreover, mean smut incidence and severity varied significantly among the surveyed fields and sugar estates. High smut incidence (>5%) and severity (>25%) were highly asso...
'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) are the names ass... more 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) are the names assigned to sugarcane varieties with accession numbers Acc. 43 and Acc. 139, respectively. They were developed by Sugar Corporation, Research and Development and were registered and released in June 2019 by the National Variety Releasing Committee of Ethiopia to growers in three sugar estates in Ethiopia. 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' were selected from local landraces collected during 2010/11 from different geographic regions across Ethiopia. The released varieties 'Tafach Shenkora' and 'Kay Shenkora' have high sugar yield (by 29.6% and 28.4%, respectively), early maturity and yield stability across locations compared to the standard check B52298. They also showed resistance to smut caused by Ustilago scitaminea. The average sugar yield for Tafach Shenkora and Kay Shenkora was 26.14 and 25.88 tons ha-1, respectively. These cultivars are the first of their kind to be released from sugarcane landraces collected in Ethiopia.
The present study was performed to study genetic relationships and population differentiation of ... more The present study was performed to study genetic relationships and population differentiation of 90 introduced sugarcane accessions in Ethiopia by means of 22 SSR molecular markers. The 22 SSR markers amplified a total of 260 alleles, of which 230 were polymorphic with a mean of 10.45 alleles per SSR locus. The range in allele number was 4–22. A high level of polymorphism with a mean of 60.51% polymorphic loci within the genotypes was detected. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.231 to 0.375 with an average of 0.303. Measures of effective number of alleles and genetic diversity on average were 1.55 and 0.317, respectively, across all the 22 markers evaluated. The SSR genetic profiles obtained using the 22 markers enabled complete discrimination among all the 90 introduced sugarcane cultivars. The neighbor- joining unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on the simple matching dissimilarity indices unambiguously distingui...
The success of any crop improvement program depends on the extent of genetic diversity present in... more The success of any crop improvement program depends on the extent of genetic diversity present in the germplasm. The current study's aim was to determine the level of qualitative morphological trait diversity among sugarcane germplasm. Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) values of characters for the 196 sugarcane genotypes ranged from 0.08 to 0.94, with a mean of value 0.65. This indicates the presence of a wide range of qualitative morphological trait variability among the sugarcane genotypes. The H' pooled across locations by character, and the H' pooled across characters by location, ranged from 0.06 to 0.82; and 0.00 to 0.84, respectively, with a mean value of 0.53 in both cases. Multivariate cluster analysis divided the entire sugarcane into three distinct groups. The distance between groups of genotypes, and a pair of individual sugarcane genotypes ranged from 9.77 to 12.74, and 0.51 to 15.56, respectively. The non-zero lowest distance value between genotypes 1 and...
An accurate and extensive study of the qualitative morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes... more An accurate and extensive study of the qualitative morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes would allow their identification, conservation and utilization in the sugarcane breeding program. The objectives of the study were to characterize and estimate the morphological diversity of sugarcane genotypes using qualitative traits. Data collected for 16 qualitative characters were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis to assess the overall patterns of morphological variation. Shannon diversity index (H′) was calculated to estimate morphological diversity. The result indicated that the qualitative traits revealed high variability among 144 sugarcane genotypes. The most polymorphic character with the highest Shannon diversity index (H′) was stalk corky patchs. The H′ averaged across all countries for different characters was found to vary from 0.50 to 0.76 with an average of 0.61. The H′ pooled across characters by country of collection ranged from 0.00 to 0...
Biological control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) using Trichoderma isolates is one... more Biological control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) using Trichoderma isolates is one of the untapped potentials in Ethiopian sugarcane plantations. To this end, this study was carried ...
Sugarcane has been cultivated by smallholder farmers since 16th century in Ethiopia and preceded ... more Sugarcane has been cultivated by smallholder farmers since 16th century in Ethiopia and preceded the commercial production. However, as far as this study is concerned, no exploration and collection have been conducted to know the landraces and study the regional diversity of the crop. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to collect native sugarcane landraces in Ethiopia and to assess phenotypic diversity and analyze regional distribution among landraces collected from different geographical regions. More than 300 sugarcane genotypes were collected. The landraces were analyzed for 21 quantitative stalk and juice quality characters and 16 qualitative characters. Phenotypic diversity among landraces was high, as expressed by the large range of variation for mean quantitative traits and the high (0.80) Shannon–Weaver diversity index. Our results provided experimental evidence on occurrence of geographical variation and significant within-region variation where it was high in the...
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