Objectives are motivated by recent studies that indicated that (a) shelf circulation is dominated... more Objectives are motivated by recent studies that indicated that (a) shelf circulation is dominated by a cross-shelf pressure gradient imposed by the MC and (b) evidences of intrusions of the MC into the PCS around 41ºS. Given the large variations of MC transport implied by observations, result (a) suggests that similarly large variations may occur over the shelf, while (b) suggests that the MC intrusions may cause the largest non-seasonal temperature and chlorophyll-a variability observed over the shelf. As anticipated results, the general objectives are : to assess the validity of the satellite altimeter data in the PCS, to measure the transport of the Malvinas Current at different latitudes, to explore the co-variability of the MC and PCS velocity and transport and to study the influence of wind-driven currents and coastal trapped waves on sea level and current variability on the continental shelf and slope, and to develop methods for correcting satellite altimetry data for their e...
8 Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), known as suboxic layers mainly localized in the 9 Eastern Boundary... more 8 Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), known as suboxic layers mainly localized in the 9 Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems, are expanding since the 20 th “high CO2 “century, 10 probably due to the global warming. OMZs are also known to contribute significantly to the 11 oceanic production of N2O, a greenhouse gas (GHG) more efficient than CO2. However, the 12 contribution of the OMZs on the oceanic sources and sinks budget of CO2, the main GHG, 13 still remains to be established. 14 We present here the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) structure, associated locally with the 15 Chilean OMZ and globally with the main most intense OMZs (O2<20 μmol/kg) in the open 16 ocean. To achieve this, we jointly examine simultaneous DIC and O2 data collected off Chile 17 during 4 cruises (2000-2002) and a monthly monitoring (2000-2001) in one of the shallowest 18 OMZ (from ~20 m deep), along with international DIC and O2 databases and climatology for 19 other OMZs. 20 High DIC concentrations (>2225 ...
En Mediterranee, la circulation marine, la dynamique des apports superficiels et l'activite b... more En Mediterranee, la circulation marine, la dynamique des apports superficiels et l'activite biologique (nouvelle production) permettent d'expliquer les concentrations dissoutes de metaux presents a l'etat de traces: zinc, cuivre, plomb, et cadmium.Les fortes concentrations en metaux actuellement mesurees dans la couche de surface indiquent des cycles geochimiques non stationnaires qui resultent d'une augmentation des apports exterieurs probablement liee a la croissance des activites industrielles, agricoles et urbaines autour de cette mer depuis les annees 60.La comparaison des concentrations de surface (directement liees aux apports exterieurs) et des concentrations profondes (qui gardent encore le souvenir d'un pseudo equilibre anterieur)permet une evaluation des apports anthropiques et de leur recente evolution, tandis qu'une prevision du devenir geochimique de la Mediterranee peut etre envisagee.
The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) has completed a decade of intensive process and time-se... more The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) has completed a decade of intensive process and time-series studies on the regional and temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes in five diverse ocean basins. Its field program also included a global survey of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the ocean, including estimates of the exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the ocean and the atmosphere, in cooperation with the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). This report describes the principal achievements of JGOFS in ocean observations, technology development and modelling. The study has produced a comprehensive and high-quality database of measurements of ocean biogeochemical properties. Data on temporal and spatial changes in primary production and CO2 exchange, the dynamics of of marine food webs, and the availability of micronutrients have yielded new insights into what governs ocean productivity, carbon cycling and export into the deep ocean, the set of processes collect...
Monthly hydrographic data collected from May 1991 to December 1994 at station KERFIX (50°40′S, 68... more Monthly hydrographic data collected from May 1991 to December 1994 at station KERFIX (50°40′S, 68°25′E) were analysed to describe and understand the seasonal and interannual variability of the mixed layer properties and steric height for the first 500-m water column. The monthly mean mixed layer depth (determined from the density difference criterion of 0.02 σθ) varies from 60 m in
Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Molher (E.hux) is an extremely cosmopolitan phytoplankton spe... more Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Molher (E.hux) is an extremely cosmopolitan phytoplankton species, present in all but polar oceans. It reaches blooms in a few regions, which can cover very large areas. The importance of this marine calcifying phytoplankton is due to the significant environmental impacts of its blooms, via increased water albedo, dimethyl sulfide production, large fluxes of CaCO_3
The Southern Ocean is thought to be a sink of atmospheric CO2 although the uptake magnitude is st... more The Southern Ocean is thought to be a sink of atmospheric CO2 although the uptake magnitude is still a matter of debate. We report the first estimates of ocean-atmosphere CO2 fluxes from the Weddell Sea west of 30°W based on observations collected in the austral summers between 2001 and 2005. . The data consists of high-resolution sea surface temperature, salinity, carbonate system (pCO2, TCO2, Alkalinity), dissolved O2 and nutrients (nitrates, phosphates and silicates), phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass (total Chl-a for three size class, < 0.5μm, >10μm and 5μm< Chl-a
Objectives are motivated by recent studies that indicated that (a) shelf circulation is dominated... more Objectives are motivated by recent studies that indicated that (a) shelf circulation is dominated by a cross-shelf pressure gradient imposed by the MC and (b) evidences of intrusions of the MC into the PCS around 41ºS. Given the large variations of MC transport implied by observations, result (a) suggests that similarly large variations may occur over the shelf, while (b) suggests that the MC intrusions may cause the largest non-seasonal temperature and chlorophyll-a variability observed over the shelf. As anticipated results, the general objectives are : to assess the validity of the satellite altimeter data in the PCS, to measure the transport of the Malvinas Current at different latitudes, to explore the co-variability of the MC and PCS velocity and transport and to study the influence of wind-driven currents and coastal trapped waves on sea level and current variability on the continental shelf and slope, and to develop methods for correcting satellite altimetry data for their e...
8 Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), known as suboxic layers mainly localized in the 9 Eastern Boundary... more 8 Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), known as suboxic layers mainly localized in the 9 Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems, are expanding since the 20 th “high CO2 “century, 10 probably due to the global warming. OMZs are also known to contribute significantly to the 11 oceanic production of N2O, a greenhouse gas (GHG) more efficient than CO2. However, the 12 contribution of the OMZs on the oceanic sources and sinks budget of CO2, the main GHG, 13 still remains to be established. 14 We present here the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) structure, associated locally with the 15 Chilean OMZ and globally with the main most intense OMZs (O2<20 μmol/kg) in the open 16 ocean. To achieve this, we jointly examine simultaneous DIC and O2 data collected off Chile 17 during 4 cruises (2000-2002) and a monthly monitoring (2000-2001) in one of the shallowest 18 OMZ (from ~20 m deep), along with international DIC and O2 databases and climatology for 19 other OMZs. 20 High DIC concentrations (>2225 ...
En Mediterranee, la circulation marine, la dynamique des apports superficiels et l'activite b... more En Mediterranee, la circulation marine, la dynamique des apports superficiels et l'activite biologique (nouvelle production) permettent d'expliquer les concentrations dissoutes de metaux presents a l'etat de traces: zinc, cuivre, plomb, et cadmium.Les fortes concentrations en metaux actuellement mesurees dans la couche de surface indiquent des cycles geochimiques non stationnaires qui resultent d'une augmentation des apports exterieurs probablement liee a la croissance des activites industrielles, agricoles et urbaines autour de cette mer depuis les annees 60.La comparaison des concentrations de surface (directement liees aux apports exterieurs) et des concentrations profondes (qui gardent encore le souvenir d'un pseudo equilibre anterieur)permet une evaluation des apports anthropiques et de leur recente evolution, tandis qu'une prevision du devenir geochimique de la Mediterranee peut etre envisagee.
The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) has completed a decade of intensive process and time-se... more The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) has completed a decade of intensive process and time-series studies on the regional and temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes in five diverse ocean basins. Its field program also included a global survey of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the ocean, including estimates of the exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the ocean and the atmosphere, in cooperation with the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). This report describes the principal achievements of JGOFS in ocean observations, technology development and modelling. The study has produced a comprehensive and high-quality database of measurements of ocean biogeochemical properties. Data on temporal and spatial changes in primary production and CO2 exchange, the dynamics of of marine food webs, and the availability of micronutrients have yielded new insights into what governs ocean productivity, carbon cycling and export into the deep ocean, the set of processes collect...
Monthly hydrographic data collected from May 1991 to December 1994 at station KERFIX (50°40′S, 68... more Monthly hydrographic data collected from May 1991 to December 1994 at station KERFIX (50°40′S, 68°25′E) were analysed to describe and understand the seasonal and interannual variability of the mixed layer properties and steric height for the first 500-m water column. The monthly mean mixed layer depth (determined from the density difference criterion of 0.02 σθ) varies from 60 m in
Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Molher (E.hux) is an extremely cosmopolitan phytoplankton spe... more Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Molher (E.hux) is an extremely cosmopolitan phytoplankton species, present in all but polar oceans. It reaches blooms in a few regions, which can cover very large areas. The importance of this marine calcifying phytoplankton is due to the significant environmental impacts of its blooms, via increased water albedo, dimethyl sulfide production, large fluxes of CaCO_3
The Southern Ocean is thought to be a sink of atmospheric CO2 although the uptake magnitude is st... more The Southern Ocean is thought to be a sink of atmospheric CO2 although the uptake magnitude is still a matter of debate. We report the first estimates of ocean-atmosphere CO2 fluxes from the Weddell Sea west of 30°W based on observations collected in the austral summers between 2001 and 2005. . The data consists of high-resolution sea surface temperature, salinity, carbonate system (pCO2, TCO2, Alkalinity), dissolved O2 and nutrients (nitrates, phosphates and silicates), phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass (total Chl-a for three size class, < 0.5μm, >10μm and 5μm< Chl-a
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